印支造山带:Song Chay构造带

印支运动是二十世纪初法国地质学家根据越南北部晚三叠世大规模角度不整合所提出。越南北部的Song Chay构造带作为印支造山带概念的提出地,记录了大量经典的印支造山相关的信息,是理解印支造山带构造演化的关键地区。本文在课题组对Song Chay地区十多年研究基础上,结合前人研究成果,系统厘定了Song Chay构造带的几何空间格架、运动学特征及其演化过程。详细的野外地质考察表明,Song Chay构造带从SW向NE依次可以划分成:新生代的大象山单元、代表缝合带的Song Chay蛇绿混杂岩单元,以及越南东北部褶皱冲断系统。其中蛇绿混杂岩单元和褶皱冲断系统中发育NE-SW向矿物拉伸线理,并具有顶部向NE方向的剪切变形特征,指示了Song Chay洋壳向SW的俯冲以及向NE的逆冲过程。精确的年代学工作表明,Song Chay蛇绿混杂岩中斜长花岗岩的结晶年龄为356.4±2.9Ma,表明至少在早石炭世Song Chay洋就已经形成了成熟的大洋地壳。褶皱冲断带内部的低温年代学数据约束了顶部向NE的剪切变形年龄在250~245Ma之间,表明为华南和印支板块碰撞时间。另外,Song Chay蛇绿混杂岩基质中碎屑锆石物源研究表明,Song Chay蛇绿混杂岩基质中碎屑锆石主要是来自于俯冲的华南板块,只有很少一部分来自印支板块,因此推测Song Chay洋可能为一个十分有限的小洋盆。构造几何学、运动学以及碎屑锆石物源研究表明,在Song Chay构造带内的“滇-琼缝合带”两侧构造特征可对比,并未因“滇琼洋”的闭合而造成差异。因此,我们认为“滇-琼缝合带”并不能代表一个大洋。根据我们及前人的构造学、岩石学、年代学工作,建立了一个初步的Song Chay洋从晚石炭世至中三叠世的构造演化模型:(1)310~270Ma,Song Chay洋开始向SW俯冲到印支板块之下,此时岩浆弧并不发育,蛇绿混杂岩物源主要为华南板块;(2)270~250Ma,Song Chay洋继续俯冲,此时弧岩浆岩大量发育,蛇绿混杂岩同时接受弧岩浆岩及华南板块碎屑物质;(3)250~245Ma,Song Chay洋闭合,华南板块与印支板块碰撞;(4)245~230Ma,印支造山带进入碰撞后伸展阶段。

Vibration Control of A Flexible Marine Riser System Subject to Input Dead Zone and Extraneous Disturbances

An observer-based adaptive backstepping boundary control is proposed for vibration control of flexible offshore riser systems with unknown nonlinear input dead zone and uncertain environmental disturbances.The control algorithm can update the control law online through real-time data to make the controller adapt to the environment and improve the control precision.Specifically,based on the adaptive backstepping framework,virtual control laws and Lyapunov functions are designed for each subsystem.Three direction interference observers are designed to track the timevarying boundary disturbance.On this basis,the inverse of the dead zone and linear state transformation are used to compensate for the original system and eliminate the adverse effects of the dead zone.In addition,the stability of the closed-loop system is proven by Lyapunov stability theory.All the system states are bounded,and the vibration offset of the riser converges to a small area of the initial position.Finally,four examples of flexible marine risers are simulated in MATLAB to verify the effectiveness of the proposed controller.

RNA解旋酶DEAD-box蛋白家族与肿瘤的相关性研究

RNA解旋酶DEAD-box蛋白家族是RNA解旋酶中最大的家族,是基因表达的重要调控因子,在RNA代谢的多个方面发挥作用。RNA解旋酶DEAD-box蛋白家族既在RNA代谢中具有重要作用,又与人类细胞中基因组的不稳定性直接相关。而基因组的不稳定性是癌症克隆进化的驱动因素,能够促进癌症的发生发展。该文对RNA解旋酶DEAD-box蛋白家族与肿瘤发生发展的相关性做一综述。

SEI/dead Li-turning capacity loss for high-performance anode-free solid-state lithium batteries

Anode-free solid-state lithium metal batteries(AF-SSLBs)have the potential to deliver higher energy density and improved safety beyond lithium-metal batteries.However,the unclear mechanism for the fast capacity decay in AF-SSLBs,either determined by dead Li or solid electrolyte interface(SEI),limits the proposal of effective strategies to prolong cycling life.To clarify the underlying mechanism,herein,the evolution of SEI and dead Li is quantitatively analyzed by a solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance(ss-NMR)technology in a typical LiPF6-based polymer electrolyte.The results show that the initial capacity loss is attributed to the formation of SEI,while the dead Li dominates the following capacity loss and the growth rate is 0.141 mA h cm^(−2)cycle−1.To reduce the active Li loss,the combination of inorganic-rich SEI and self-healing electrostatic shield effect is proposed to improve the reversibility of Li deposition/dissolution behavior,which reduces the capacity loss rate for the initial SEI and following dead Li generation by 2.3 and 20.1 folds,respectively.As a result,the initial Coulombic efficiency(ICE)and stable CE increase by 15.1%and 15.3%in Li-Cu cells,which guides the rational design of high-performance AF-SSLBs.

Economic significance and environmental impacts of the Song Dam Drinking Water Project(SDDWP)in Garhwal Himalaya

With the population growth through natural growth and migration,coupled with the city expansion,it is the fact that Dehradun City in India faces severe water scarcity.Therefore,the Song Dam Drinking Water Project(SDDWP)is proposed to provide ample drinking water to Dehradun City and its suburban areas.This paper examined economic significance and environmental impacts of the SDDWP in Garhwal Himalaya,India.To conduct this study,we collected data from both primary and secondary sources.There are 12 villages and 3 forest divisions in the surrounding areas of the proposed dam project,of which 3 villages will be fully submerged and 50 households will be affected.For this study,50 heads of the households were interviewed in the 3 submerged villages.The questions mainly focused on economic significance,environmental impacts,and rehabilitation issues of the dam project.The findings of this study indicate that economic significance of the dam project is substantial,including providing ample water for drinking and irrigation,contributing to groundwater recharge,creating job opportunities,and promoting the development of tourism and fisheries in the Doon Valley.In terms of the rehabilitation of the affected people,there are only 50 households in need of rehabilitation.Currently,the arable land of these affected people is not sufficient to sustain their livelihoods.The entire landscape is fragile,rugged,and precipitous;therefore,the affected people are willing to rehabilitate to more suitable areas in the Doon Valley.Moreover,it is essential to provide them with sufficient compensation packages including the compensation of arable land,houses,cash,common property resources,institutions,belongingness,and cultural adaptation.On the other hand,the proposed dam project will have adverse environmental impacts including arable land degradation,forest degradation,loss of fauna and flora,soil erosion,landslides,and soil siltation.These impacts will lead to the ecological imbalances in both upstream and downstream areas.This study suggests that the affected people should be given sufficient compensation packages in all respects.Afforestation programs can be launched in the degraded areas to compensate for the loss of forest in the affected areas.

Case Records as Medical Stories: A Song-dynasty Doctor’s Narration of His Own Medicine-Xu Shuwei (1080-1154)

The key point in studying or teaching the history of Chinese medicine is on the doctrines underlying it and on its perception of the body,physiology,pathology,and its treatment.Namely,there is often a tendency to focus on reading and analysing the classical canons and therapy-related texts including formularies and materia medica collections.However,focusing on these sources provides us with a one-sided presentation of Chinese medicine.These primary sources lack the clinical down-to-earth know-how that encompasses medical treatment,which are represented,for instance,in the clinical rounds of modern medical schools.Our traditional focus on the medical canons and formularies provides almost no clinical knowledge,leaving us with a one-sided narrative that ignores how medicine and healing are actually practiced in the field.This paper focuses on the latter aspect of medicine from a historical perspective.Using written and visual sources dating to the Song dynasty,clinical encounters between doctors and patients including their families are depicted based on case records recorded by a physician,members of the patient’s family,and bystanders.This array of case records or case stories will enable us to narrate the interaction between physicians and patients both from the clinical perspective and from the social interaction.This paper will also discuss visual depictions of the medical encounter to provide another perspective for narrating medicine during the Song dynasty.Medical case records and paintings depicting medical encounters are exemplary of the potential of Chinese primary sources for narrative medicine.

Formulating Dead Sea Mud in Cosmetic Products, Its Effects on Skin, and the Underlying Biological Mechanism: A Review

Research Background: The marketing of cosmetic products derived from Dead Sea (DS) mud has undergone significant evolution, transforming from simple souvenirs into a large-scale cosmetic industry offering a diverse array of products. DS mud is utilized both as pure mud for home spa treatments and as an active ingredient in cosmetic and cosmeceutical formulations. Its global appeal is largely due to its natural, health-oriented image, which aligns with consumer preferences and provides assurance regarding its use in skincare. Research Objectives: This review examines the published data related to the rationale for formulating DS mud in cosmetics, the biological and cosmetic effects of DS mud on the skin, and the speculated bio-mechanisms underlying these effects. Methods: We screened relevant literature on DS mud collected from the shores of the Dead Sea in Jordan and Israel. Publications on mineral muds excavated in different locations around the globe, as well as studies on the biological mechanisms of other DS minerals, were also reviewed as indications and supportive recommendations. Summarizing the vast collected data into a comprehensive review was undertaken to expose readers to the various aspects of DS mud in cosmetics. Results: The primary reason for formulating DS mud in skincare products is its deep cleansing and skin detoxification properties. Consequently, it is often incorporated into rinse-off masks, soaps, and scrubbing products. Additionally, DS mud is used in leave-on products and sheet masks. Cosmeceutical applications of DS mud, recommended for various skin conditions, offer complementary treatments to improve the quality of life for people with skin diseases. The physicochemical and biological effects of DS mud are driven by its rich mineral ion composition, including magnesium, calcium, sodium, potassium, zinc, and strontium—elements known to improve skin barrier function, enhance hydration, and reduce inflammation. The high salt concentration induces moderate ionic osmotic stress, stimulating cellular growth and hydration pathways. Moreover, DS mud’s anti-microbial properties further contribute to its therapeutic potential. Ongoing innovations in formulation techniques continue to expand the applications of DS mud, including blending it with other active ingredients, developing novel application methods, and refining manufacturing processes to improve product quality and efficacy. Conclusions: DS mud remains a valuable ingredient in modern skincare due to its rich mineral content and therapeutic properties. Ongoing research and technological advancements promise further innovations, reinforcing its status as a natural and effective component in the global cosmetics industry.

A Study on the Translation Strategies of Metaphors in Song Ci from the Perspective of Conceptual Metaphor

This article employs the theory of conceptual metaphor to conduct a thorough analysis and exploration of translation strategies for the metaphors in Song Ci. Ci, a treasure in ancient Chinese literature, makes frequent use of metaphor. Its unique form of expression and abundant artistic effects often create difficulties in translation. This study selects some representative metaphor examples from Song Ci to explore the patterns and strategies in the translation process. The study reveals that in face of the metaphors in Song Ci, translators need to comprehensively apply strategies such as retaining the metaphor, replacing the metaphor, and translating the literal meaning to ensure the quality of translation while restoring the aesthetic charm of the original metaphor.

The “Dead Universe” Theory: Natural Separation of Galaxies Driven by the Remnants of a Supermassive Dead Universe

This article explores the dead universe theory as a novel interpretation for the origin and evolution of the universe, suggesting that our cosmos may have originated from the remnants of a preceding universe. This perspective challenges the conventional Big Bang theory, particularly concerning dark matter, the expansion of the universe, and the interpretation of phenomena such as gravitational waves.

融合Dead-ends和离线监督Actor-Critic的动态治疗策略生成模型

强化学习对数学模型依赖性低,利用经验便于架构和优化模型,非常适合用于动态治疗策略学习。但现有研究仍存在以下问题:1)学习策略最优性的同时未考虑风险,导致学到的策略存在一定的风险;2)忽略了分布偏移问题,导致学到的策略与医生策略完全不同;3)忽略患者的历史观测数据和治疗史,从而不能很好地得到患者状态,进而导致不能学到最优策略。基于此,提出了融合Dead-ends和离线监督Actor-Critic的动态治疗策略生成模型DOSAC-DTR。首先,考虑学到的策略所推荐的治疗行动的风险性,在Actor-Critic框架中融入Dead-ends概念;其次,为缓解分布偏移问题,在Actor-Critic框架中融入医生监督,在最大化预期回报的同时,最小化所学策略与医生策略之间的差距;最后,为了得到包含患者关键历史信息的状态表示,使用基于LSTM的编码器解码器模型对患者的历史观测数据和治疗史进行建模。实验结果表明,DOSAC-DTR相比基线方法有更好的性能,可以得到更低的估计死亡率以及更高的Jaccard系数。

Construction of the Genealogy of Eccentric Monks Based on the Historical Materials of Chan Buddhism in the Song Dynasty--From Enlightened Masters in Chan Buddhism,Sages,to Saints

Regarding the Chan Buddhism lamp records from the Song Dynasty and starting from Jing De Zhuan Deng Lu,the category of“enlightened masters in Chan Buddhism”禪門達者was listed separately,meaning a separate category was established for eccentric monks who pretended to be crazy,had unknown inheritance and miraculous deeds,and were difficult to classify.The following lamp records named this category of eccentric monks as“sages”散聖,or“saints”應化聖賢,which constructed another historical genealogy for the special Chan Buddhism eccentric monks.Moreover,the early lamp records included mostly idiosyncratic mad monks from previous dynasties.Since the Southern Song Dynasty,Chan Buddhism historical materials included many sages from the current dynasty.Therefore,this study mainly examines how the genealogy of Chan Buddhism eccentric monks was constructed in Song Dynasty Chan Buddhism lamp records,including quotations,and organizes the images of eccentric monks in the Song Dynasty,as written in Chan Buddhism historical materials,in order that the meaning of existence of these enlightened masters,sages,saints,etc.,included in the genealogy of Song Dynasty eccentric monks in the history of Chan Buddhism can be reflected.

The Impact of Contextual Teaching Method on Sichuan Folk Song Education and Students’Musical Expressiveness

This study explores the application of the contextual teaching method in Sichuan folk song education and its impact on students’musical expressiveness.By incorporating contextual teaching methods in music classes,this research investigates the effectiveness of this approach in enhancing students’understanding of Sichuan folk songs and improving their musical expressiveness and emotional expression.A mixed-method research approach is employed,utilizing classroom observations,questionnaires,interviews,and statistical analysis to assess the practical outcomes of contextual teaching in folk song education.

DEAD-box解旋酶21对猪传染性胃肠炎病毒复制的调控作用

旨在探究DEAD-box解旋酶21(DDX21)对猪传染性胃肠炎病毒(TGEV)复制的调控作用。首先通过蛋白免疫印迹(Western Blot)分析了TGEV感染对DDX21表达的影响;进一步构建了猪DDX21真核表达质粒以及建立稳定敲低DDX21的PK-15细胞系,运用荧光定量PCR(RT-qPCR)、蛋白免疫印迹、间接免疫荧光(IFA)和半数细胞培养物感染量(TCID 50)探究外源过表达DDX21及敲低DDX21对TGEV体外复制的调控作用;构建一系列DDX21截短突变体真核表达质粒,鉴定了DDX21调控TGEV增殖的关键功能域。Western Blot分析显示,在TGEV WH-1株感染早期,PK-15细胞内源性DDX21蛋白的表达水平显著上调;RT-qPCR、Western Blot、IFA和TCID 50试验显示,超表达DDX21可以显著提高TGEV N基因的mRNA水平、N蛋白的表达及病毒滴度,且呈剂量依赖性,其601-784 aa区域是其影响TGEV复制的关键;与阴性对照相比,在相应DDX21敲低细胞系中TGEV的增殖显著被抑制,而回补试验逆转了DDX21敲低细胞系中TGEV的滴度。该研究首次揭示了猪DDX21对TGEV增殖的促进作用并鉴定了其调控TGEV复制的关键结构域,为今后研究DDX21蛋白的功能及TGEV的致病机理提供了理论依据。

Song of Solomon——A Journey of Milkman Dead

American Scholar Joseph Campbell puts forward a more detailed model of heroes in which a successful journey usually contains three major phases:"separation""initiation"and"return".In Song of Solomon written by Toni Morrison,the hero,Milkman Dead leaves his family to the south to find his family’s lost tradition and memory and the journey of Milkman Dead turns out to be a journey of understanding himself,his ancestry and African heritage.The journey also fits into the legendary model of hero’s journey"Separation—Initiation—Return"model.

结直肠癌组织和细胞中DEAD盒解旋酶10和Bystin样蛋白的表达及其临床意义

目的:探讨结直肠癌(CRC)组织及结肠癌细胞DLD-1中DEAD盒解旋酶10(DDX10)与Bystin-like(BYSL)的关系及其临床意义。方法:收集2017年3月至2018年3月间福建医科大学附属第二医院手术切除的78例CRC组织和配对癌旁组织,采用免疫组织化学Envision法检测癌组织和癌旁组织中DDX10和BYSL的表达水平,采用卡方检验、Pearson相关性分析和Kaplan-Meier法分别分析CRC组织中DDX10、BYSL蛋白表达与其患者的临床病例特征的关系,两者表达的相关性,以及与患者PFS和OS的关系。利用瞬时转染技术在DLD-1细胞中分别转染siDDX10和siNC,用qPCR法检测DLD-1细胞中敲减DDX10的表达对BYSL表达的影响,用CCK-8及Transwell实验验证DDX10及BYSL表达对结肠癌细胞增殖迁移及侵袭的影响。结果:免疫组织化学Envision法检测显示,与癌旁组织相比,DDX10和BYSL在CRC组织中呈高表达(73.08%和74.36%)。CRC组织中DDX10与BY肿瘤分期、是否发生淋巴结转移及复发等临床病例特征均有关联(均P<0.05)。Pearson相关分析结果显示,DDX10与BYSL的表达呈正相关(r=0.636,P<0.001)。Kaplan-Meier生存分析结果显示,DDX10与BYSL的高表达与患者更差的预后相关。Logistic回归分析发现,DDX10与BYSL均是CRC复发的独立风险因素。CCK-8法及Transwell实验检测结果显示,敲降DDX10的表达可使BYSL表达降低,且可抑制DLD-1细胞的增殖、迁移、侵袭能力(均P<0.05)。结论:DDX10和BYSL在CRC组织中呈高表达,两者表达水平呈正相关,且与患者更差的预后相关,是CRC复发的独立风险因素。可调控结直肠癌DLD-1细胞的增殖、迁移、侵袭能力。

Aspect Level Songs Rating Based Upon Reviews in English

With the advancements in internet facilities,people are more inclined towards the use of online services.The service providers shelve their items for e-users.These users post their feedbacks,reviews,ratings,etc.after the use of the item.The enormous increase in these reviews has raised the need for an automated system to analyze these reviews to rate these items.Sentiment Analysis(SA)is a technique that performs such decision analysis.This research targets the ranking and rating through sentiment analysis of these reviews,on different aspects.As a case study,Songs are opted to design and test the decision model.Different aspects of songs namely music,lyrics,song,voice and video are picked.For the reason,reviews of 20 songs are scraped from YouTube,pre-processed and formed a dataset.Different machine learning algorithms—Naïve Bayes(NB),Gradient Boost Tree,Logistic Regression LR,K-Nearest Neighbors(KNN)and Artificial Neural Network(ANN)are applied.ANN performed the best with 74.99%accuracy.Results are validated using K-Fold.

Local and range-wide distribution of song types suggest Ovenbirds(Seiurus aurocapilla)have song neighborhoods but not macro-dialects

The song systems of oscine passerines(songbirds)are complex and diverse.Because songs are used for both mate attraction and territory defense and are therefore important signals for survival and reproduction,comprehensive knowledge of within and among species song structure and distribution is informative for understanding the evolution of song repertoires and vocal behaviour.In this study,we explored variation in the song structure of the Ovenbird(Seiurus aurocapilla),a widespread warbler(Family Parulidae)found in North American forests.We analyzed recordings from the 2021 breeding season to assess song type variation at a local(n=158 birds;Sault Ste.Marie,ON)and breeding range scale(n=512 birds;eBird).We characterized the local song types and tested whether Ovenbirds share song types with their neighbors more often than expected by chance.We then characterized song types of Ovenbirds across the breeding range to determine whether any geographic pattern of song clustering exists(i.e.,macro-dialects).We found 10 distinct song types and some evidence for song type clustering at the local study site(i.e.,song neighborhoods).We found 7 of those 10 song types throughout the breeding range and identified an additional 24 types that were not recorded in our local population.We found no evidence for song dialects across the Ovenbird breeding range.This study contributes to our understanding of Ovenbird song while simultaneously adding to our understanding of geographic structuring of warbler repertoires.Our work contributes to delineating a more comprehensive understanding of factors affecting dialect development for this diverse group of songbirds.

Teaching Exploration of Ma Shuilong's Ancient Chinese Poetry Art Songs - "Spring Silkworms are Dead," "Loneliness," and "Falling Flowers"

Ma Shuilong was a famous composer in Taiwan,both at home and abroad.In 1986,the publication of his concerto,Bangdi,made him the first Chinese composer to have a full performance at the Lincoln Arts Center in New York.In the field of vocal music production,“Ma Shuilong Songs Collection”reflected the mutual infiltration and integration of Chinese and Western elements,especially the combination of modem techniques and classical poetry so that Chinese ancient poetry art songs would emit unique artistic conception.In view ofhis three works,this article elaborates the oriental connotation in their creation through the study of the poetries involved and further extracts the characteristics of the creation and singing of ancient poetry art songs in order to provide significant references for the teaching of Chinese art songs.

Heterogeneity in song rates in the Collared Flycatcher(Ficedula albicollis)explained with the availability parameter in generalized N-mixture models:Its importance for abundance estimates in avian aural counts

Binomial N-mixture models are commonly applied to estimate abundance unaffected by imperfect detection,but are known to be sensitive to violations of assumptions.One of the model’s assumptions,the independence of detections has rarely been tested.It requires that during a survey,detection of one individual does not affect detection of another individual.This assumption can be frequently violated in passerine birds,which exhibit territorial behaviour by singing,since neighbouring individuals are likely to motivate each other to vocalize,leading to non-independence in singing activity and in the following detection rate.Here,we explored this phenomenon with the generalized,binomial version of the N-mixture model,where detection probability is decomposed into availability probability φ-which can be interpreted as per capita song rate or the probability of vocalising-and actual detection probability p,given vocalisations take place.Using repeated counts of the Collared Flycatcher(Ficedula albicollis)as a case study,and treating the maximum observed counts C_(maxi) at a site i as an explanatory covariate for φ,we showed that per capita song rates increased with observed counts at a site.Hence,if song rates vary due to local abundance,including C_(maxi)as an explanatory variable for song rate addressed with φ,helps to explain this variation(which otherwise goes undetected)and improves inferences under the model.This had strong effects on the resulting abundance estimates:if this relationship was ignored in the models,total estimated population sizes were consequently lower by as much as 22-27%,compared to when this effect was included.Since it is likely that song rates may commonly be density-dependent in birds manifesting territorial behaviours by singing,further tests addressing violations of independence assumptions in these models are needed.As suggested by Kery and Royle(2016),despite some form of circularity likely being involved,modelling heterogeneity in the detection process with the help of C_(maxi)in standard N-mixture models(which,given availability,conflate availability with detection in a single parameter)should be applicable as well.

Reacting to Epidemics:The Innovative Imperial Public Health System during the Late Northern Song Dynasty

Song China was a period in which China experienced a great increase in its population.Concurrently,the Song dynasty also experienced a rise in the frequency of epidemics and two major wars with the Western Xia and Liao dynasties during the 1000s and 1040s.The consequences of these changes were exacerbated by the increased geographical mobility of certain social groups such as traders and examinees attending civil service examinations.Thus,casualties of wars,epidemics,or disease,especially of people whose families were far away and could not care for them were left without care and“their corpses often lay bare along the roads.”This new social environment created a need for general relief.The Northern Song government(960-1127 CE),especially during the reign of Emperor Huizong,established an innovative public health system to address this issue.The public health system included poorhouses,public hospitals,and pauper’s cemeteries.The first were more of charity organizations,whereas the latter two promoted public health by providing medical services for the poor and burial for those that nobody cared for.In terms of rationale behind these institutions,on the one hand,they constituted an attempt to get the poor and homeless off the streets while providing them relief or burial.On the other hand,it seems that Huizong’s deep concern with medicine propelled him to design and implement a comprehensive public health system oriented to prevent contagion and outbreak of epidemics.This article depicts the background,the organization,and the functions of the system.The article also discusses the conditions and reasons that gave rise to such a unique undertaking by the Northern Song government.