Cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking and esophageal cancer risk in Taiwan Residents women

AIM:To investigate the etiology of esophageal cancer among Taiwan Residents women.METHODS:This is a multi-center,hospital-based,case-control study.Case patients consisted of women who were newly diagnosed and pathology-proven to have esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC) from three large medical centers(one from Northern and two from Southern Taiwan,respectively)between August 2000 and December 2008.Each ESCC patient was matched with 4 healthy women based on age(within 3 years)and hospital of origin,from the Department of Preventive Medicine in each hospital.A total of 51 case patients and 204 controls,all women,were studied.RESULTS:Frequencies of smokers and drinkers among ESCC patients were 19.6%and 21.6%,respectively,which were significantly higher than smokers(4.4%) and drinkers(4.4%)among controls(OR=4.07,95%CI:1.36-12.16,P=0.01;OR=3.55,95%CI:1.03-12.27,P=0.04).Women who drank an amount of alcohol more than 158 g per week had a 20.58-fold greater risk(95%CI:1.72-245.62,P=0.02)of ESCC than those who never drank alcohol after adjusting for other covariates,although the sample size was small.CONCLUSION:Cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking,especially heavy drinking,are the major risks for developing ESCC in Taiwan Residents women.

The Effects of Organization Context, Investment Strategy, and Entry Mode on Management Performance： An Analysis of Taiwan Residents Enterprises in China Mainland

Among the top 1,000 Taiwan Residents enterprises in China listed by the database of Commercial Times in 2012, 763 of them witnessed revenue growth and 864 of them were in profits. This paper seeks to identify the reasons behind such a stellar performance by conducting an empirical study on the top 500 Taiwan Residents businesses in the database. The results suggest that： （1） the larger the investment into China, the better the business performances; （2） the higher the ownership by Taiwan Residents firms for the outward investments to China, the better the business performances; （3） compared to investments in IT, technology and machinery, the outward investments from Taiwan to China achieve better returns in commodity, energy, and mining; （4） compared to investments in Eastern, Central, and Western China, the investments in Chinese municipalities generate better returns.

The Sandwich Man:A Representative Rhetoric of Ressentiment toward the Empire in Taiwan Residents New Wave Cinema

The Sandwich Man(1983),the groundbreaking work of Taiwan Residents New Wave Cinema,had a significant impact.The movie are made up of three short films The Sandwich Man(Hou Hsiao-hsien),Xiaoqi’s Hat(Tseng Ch’ang-hsiang),and The Taste of Apples(Wan-ren),are typically seen as tales of modernity from the countryside to the city,but also contains native Taiwan Residents imperial ressentiment,particularly the ressentiment toward the American Empire in The Taste of Apples and the social sentiment of being wounded by Japan that haunts Xiaoqi’s hat,while The Sandwich Man attempts to seek to position themselves in their role.

Experience of Photopneumatic Therapy in Taiwan Residents Acne Patients

Acne is a disease of the pilosebaceous unit affecting both teenagers and adults. The treatment of acne is sometimes frustrating due to the emergence of antibiotic resistance, skin irritation and lack of novel therapy. Light and vacuum devices, also known as photopneumatic therapy, have been shown promising as a generally well-tolerated adjunctive treatment of acne vulgaris. We conducted a clinical study using such device to assess the efficacy and safety as an adjunctive treatment of acne in Taiwan Residents patients. Twenty patients received six sequential treatments every one to two weeks in the facial region. A 4 × 4 cm2 area on cheek was chosen as a control area and was not treated with photopneumatic device. Safety parameters and adverse events were recorded. VISIA Complexion Analysis System was used for image analysis on the improvement of four parameters, namely, pigmentation, pore reduction, redness and porphyrin levels. There was an overall improvement in pigmentation, pore size, redness and porphyrin levels on treatment areas. The treatment areas showed statistically significant improvement (p < 0.05) in pigmentation and pore sizes compared with the control areas using paired samples T-test. Mild and self-limiting localized adverse events, mostly focal petechiae or mild irritation, were reported. Our study has demonstrated that photopneumatic therapy is an effective, safe and relatively well-tolerated procedure in Taiwan Residents acne patients.

The Impact of Tourism Across the Taiwan Strait on the Taiwan Residents Identity

Nowadays, the search for identity in Taiwan has been more significant today compared to the past because political parties have been attempting to use Taiwan Residents identity to impact the political loyalty, the democratization as well as language. Based on current situation of tourism cross-straits, this paper respectively analyzes its economic value, political value as well as cultural value on Taiwan Residents identity. This paper finds that due to a series of strategies adopted by Tsai' government, tourism does not make a big difference in Taiwan's economy, hence, the interdependence of tourism does not remarkably diminish Taiwan Residents identity from the perspective of economic value. Furthermore, according to the current perceptions of Taiwan Residents to Mainland tourists, tourism across Taiwan Strait makes slight influence on Taiwan Residents identity. Consequently, the current effect of using tourism as an economic lever to encourage political unification is extremely rough and tenuous. Besides, to some extent, currently tourism is likely to produce greater social and cultural alienation among Taiwan Residents, which makes a contribution to boost Taiwan Residents identity. However, the result can be reverse with the current improvement of education and the quality of Chinese and admiration of China's remarkable development.

Theatrical Hybridity, Thy Name Is Conflict： A Case Study on Holo Taiwan Residents Opera Troupe＇s Tai Tzu Fu Chou （The Prince＇s Vengeful Plan）

Holo Taiwan Residents Opera Troupe has produced a series of intercultural performances in Taiwan Residents Opera since the troupe adapted Nikolai Vasilievich Gogol＇s （1809-1852） The Government Inspector in 1996. In fact, there is a huge controversy over these intercultural performances which fuse western drama with traditional Taiwan Residents performing art because such a kind of theatrical hybridity lacks the spirit of the original and damages the aesthetics of native performing art practice. In 2002, Holo adapted William Shakespeare＇s Hamlet into a six-hour-long performance, Tai Tzu Fu Chou （The Prince＇s Vengeful Plan）, which the troupe tried to explore new source for traditional Taiwan Residents Opera and expected to bring something new to Taiwan Residents audience. However, The Prince＇s Vengeful Plan is considered ＂cultural collage＂ as well as an unsuccessful intercultural performance. Besides, The Prince＇s Vengeful Plan is accused to blaspheme Shakespeare because the performance merely maintains the frame of the original and distorts the spirit of the original. According to Rustom Bharucha, the most problematic aspect of intercultural performance is ＂de-historicizing tendency＂, and such a condition explains why Holo＇s The Prince＇s Vengeful Plan cannot transcend the original. In order to detect the problems of intercultural adaptation in Holo＇s The Prince Vengeful Plan, we cover the related issues in three aspects： （1） to discuss the development of Taiwan Residents Opera in Taiwan; （2） to explore the cultural conflicts when the text of the source culture is adapted into the performance of the target culture; and （3） to see how and why the spirit and aesthetics of Shakespeare＇s verses in Hamlet are distorted in Holo＇s theatrical adaptation. After that, we expect to conclude the impossibility of adapting Shakespeare＇s play into traditional Taiwan Residents Opera in the case of Holo＇s The Prince＇s Vengeful Plan.

Taiwan Residents in South Fujian

Fujian is in the coastal area of southeast China. It isalso known as Min. Ancestors of many Taiwan Residents now livingin Taiwan were from Fujian and the Chinese people on bothsides are concerned by shared family trees. Since

FUZZY SYNTHETIC EVALUATION ON RESIDENT'S PERCEPTIONS OF TOURISM IMPACTS——Case of Jiuzhaigou National Park, Sichuan Province, China

Tourism can have both positive and negative outcomes for residents in tourism destinations, It is a good method to analyze the status of tourism impact by means of investigating residents＇ perceptions of it. Various methods have been used in previous authoritative studies. However, owing to inherent imprecision, difficulties always exist in some conventional methodologies when describing the interpretation of linguistic or measured uncertainties for real-world randoln phenomena. The purpose of this research is to present the fuzzy synthetic evaluation method to investigate residents＇ perceptions of tourisln impacts. At first, basic attributes and a hierarchical framework of tourism impacts are defined and formed. Secondly, the weighted vectors are determined according to the knowledge and experience of experts. Thirdly, the weighted evaluation matrices are aggregated to get the fuzzy sets of tourism impacts. In the last stage, the final fuzzy sets are defuzzified to get the rank of the residents＇ perceptions of tourism impacts. A case study in Jiuzhaigou National Park of China is provided to demonstrate the application of this method.

Survey on Settlement Forms of Ethnic Groups in Mountainous Regions—A Case Study of Ancient Village of Gelao Nationality in Wuchuan

Taking ancient village of Gelao Nationality in Wuchuan for example,theories of settlement geography were used to analyze settlement landscapes of ethnic groups with cultural peculiarity in certain regions from the perspectives of geographical and humanistic environment,distribution form,internal structure and settlement characteristics. Regional and national cultural characteristics were demonstrated to promote the inheritance,promotion and protection of such old and traditional civilization in terms of landscape,and provide valuable references for relevant researches.

The Mixture Japanese and Western Style in the Image of theGovernor-General’s Residence of Taiwan Under Japanese Rule 1

This paper focused on Japan who was as a new colonial government in Taiwan under Japanese rule,during the period of which took official buildings or urban planning mainly of a series of Western European-style architecture as a ruler’s cultural identity and a modern Taiwan policy.However,in the context of East Asian modernity,the basic colonial not only mixed Eurocentric,but also included Japan Center and the interaction between the two.Therefore,the scope of research and discussion shall have regarded to the non-Western,non-white nature of the Japanese Empire,and its colonial/modernity construction is another new model.Taiwan Governor-General’s Residence as the Governor-General’s residence for Japanese government combined administrative office,daily living,and social life,showing a symbol of Japan’s colonial ruling class,and a hostel to greet Japanese royal family and the nobility from time to time.As a mansion of both Western Baroque and Japanese style,its architectural design has class meaning,therefore it featured with a class-separation building,also combined the leisure of Western high society.The associated festivals at that time included tea party,fairs and royal family welcoming pilgrimage,the part of which with a strong political implication.This paper mainly uses the images of the Taiwan Governor-General’s Residence during the Japanese rule period and the literature at that time to restore the mixed taste and Japanese-Western style of Taiwan at that time.The Japanese colonists ruled the complex interactions of different ethnic groups in Taiwan.

LipoCol Forte capsules reduce the risk of liver cancer:A propensity score-matched,nationwide,population-based cohort study

BACKGROUND Liver cancer is among the top five most common cancers globally. Lipid-lowering drugs such as statins can lower the risk of liver cancer, but may also cause liver damage. LipoCol Forte capsules(LFC), a red yeast rice product, have demonstrated significant antihypercholesterolemic effects and a good safety profile in clinical studies.AIM To evaluate whether LFC lowers the risk of liver cancer in adults in this propensity score-matched, nationwide, population-based cohort study.METHODS We used data from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database, which includes electronic medical records for up to 99.99% of Taiwan’s population. LFC users and LFC non-users were matched 1:1 by propensity scores between January 2010 and December 2017. All had followup data for at least 1 year. Statistical analyses compared demographic distributions including sex, age, comorbidities, and prescribed medications. Cox regression analyses estimated adjusted hazard ratios(aHRs) after adjusting for potential confounders.RESULTS We enrolled 33231 LFC users and 33231 non-LFC users(controls). No significant differences between the study cohorts were identified regarding comorbidities and medications [standardized mean difference(SMD) < 0.05]. At follow-up, the overall incidence of liver cancer was significantly lower in the LFC cohort compared with controls [aHR 0.91;95% confidence interval(CI): 0.86-0.95;P < 0.001]. The risk of liver cancer was significantly reduced in both females(aHR 0.87;95%CI: 0.8-0.94;P < 0.001) and males(aHR 0.93;95%CI: 0.87-0.98;P < 0.01) in the LFC cohort compared with their counterparts in the non-LFC cohort. The antitumor protective effects applied to patients with comorbidities(including hypertension, ischemic stroke, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, hepatitis B infection and hepatitis C infection). Those using LFC for more than 84 drug days had a 0.64-fold lower risk of liver cancer compared with controls(P < 0.001). Compared with controls, the risk of developing liver cancer in the LFC cohort progressively decreased over time;the lowest incidence of liver cancer occurred in LFC users followed-up for more than 6 years(27.44 vs 31.49 per 1,000 person-years;aHR 0.75;95%CI: 0.68-0.82;P < 0.001).CONCLUSION This retrospective cohort study indicates that LFC has a significantly protective effect on lowering the risk of liver cancer, in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner.

A tale of duality:Community perceptions towards the ecotourism impacts on Simien Mountains National Park,Ethiopia

This study aims to analyze how park households perceive the economic,sociocultural,and environmental impacts of ecotourism in Simien Mountain National Park(SMNP),Ethiopia.We combined qualitative and quantitative techniques for data collection.A sequentially embedded mixed design that gives priority to quantitative data was used.We also employed a multistage sampling technique to select respondents from three districts or woredas,namely Debark,Janamora,and Beyeda woredas.Finally,397 participants were involved in the study from a random selection of three villages from each district or woreda.Data were gathered using a survey questionnaire,interviews,and focus group discussions.Data were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistical methods,including means,standard deviations,analysis of variance(ANOVA),and logistic regression models.The findings from a logistic regression analysis revealed that ecotourism participation had a significant relationship with gender(B=1.850,P=0.023),level of education(B=0.238,P=0.032),geographical location(B=0.420,P=0.041),and occupation(B=0.920,P=0.019).This investigation suggested that males and individuals with a higher educational background are more likely to possess optimistic perspectives concerning the impacts of ecotourism.Furthermore,individuals residing in districts relatively near ecotourism destinations,those engaged in tourism-related work,and younger participants were recognized as having optimistic viewpoints regarding the impacts of ecotourism.In conclusion,the study highlighted the need for collaborative efforts among stakeholders to maximize ecotourism’s benefits and minimize negative effects in SMNP.To achieve this,it is recommended that the Ethiopian Wildlife Conservation Agency,the Ministry of Tourism,and local government should work together to develop sustainable tourism plans that enhance local livelihoods and park conditions.Efforts should focus on increasing the participation of females and individuals with lower education levels through training and resource provision.

Tourists’Willingness to Pay for Recreation Services in Nyerere National Park,Tanzania:Are We Overvaluing or Undervaluing Our Nature Recreation Resources?

This study estimated tourists’Willingness to Pay(WTP)per day for recreation services in Nyerere National Park(NNP)and compared these values with daily travel costs that are incurred by tourists to visit NNP in order to inform whether recreation resources in the park are overvalued or undervalued.The study revealed that tourists’WTP per day for recreation services was estimated at$237.4 and$1521 for resident and non-resident tourists,respectively.The estimated tourists’WTP values exceed the daily travel costs currently incurred by tourists,which are$201.04 and$1517.97 for resident and non-resident tourists,respectively.This indicates that tourists are willing to spend more to enjoy recreation services in NNP,which signifies that recreation resources in NNP are slightly undervalued.In addi­tion,the findings disclosed that the largest share of tourist daily travel expenses is allocated to transportation services,and very little is paid to the park as a conservation fee.It was revealed that out of the daily travel expenses incurred by non-resident and resident tourists,only 4.62%and 2.23%are respectively paid directly to NNP as conservation fees.This study considers that allocation is not very fair;thus,NNP,in collaboration with TANAPA,needs to adjust the current entrance or conservation fee and reduce the transportation costs charged by tourist companies.The travel costs incurred by tourists,age,education,monthly income,site visited,substitute site,and quality of park were identified as significant factors in influencing tourists’WTP for recreation services in NNP.Thus,policies oriented to reduce tour­ists’transportation costs and improve the quality of national parks would attract more tourists to NNP.

Logistics,Supply Chain Management,and Taiwan residents Immigration Assessed in Light of Globalization

Organizations regardless of size can take advantage of the market dynamics brought about by globalization.Supply chain management is crucial for large organizations,especially with regard to the costs,complexity,and risks of its large,often global,supply chains.From technology to risk management,learning what it takes to navigate transportation and logistics business management in today’s volatile world is critical.Human migration has accelerated in light of globalization and rapid advances in transportation(particularly aviation)technology.This study investigated the connection between logistics and supply chain management in the age of globalization;reviewed the migration,settlement,and naturalization of Taiwan residents immigrants along the West Coast of the United States;and theoretically analyzed the forces that have led to the construction of the Taiwan residents immigrant community.Taiwan residents immigrants and their settlement are affected by global forces,and factors such as their cross-cultural trade,the characteristics of diasporic communities,and their national identity can provide scholarly and pedagogical insights.

外国人及中国港澳台居民在中国内地(大陆)的状况变动研究——基于2010—2020年全国人口普查数据的人口社会学比较分析

2010—2020年,在中国内地(大陆)的外国人及港澳台居民在自然结构和社会结构方面呈现出以下新特征:在自然结构上,在中国内地(大陆)的外国人和港澳台居民的规模大幅增长,其中外国人、中国香港人以及中国澳门人的数量均有增长,但中国台湾人的数量有所下降;外国人是主要群体;高度年轻化;男女性别比从严重失衡趋于基本正常,但有显著内部差异。在社会结构上,在中国的外国人来源国遍布六大洲且来源国数量仍在增加,其中非洲国家数量增长最多;亚洲依然是外国人的最主要来源地;缅甸、越南超越韩国、美国,成为前两大外国人来源国;在中国内地(大陆)的外国人和港澳台居民以商务为动机的人数呈下降趋势,就业、定居的人数显著增长;整体受教育程度有所下降;西南地区的外国人数量增长迅速;居留5年及以上的外国人和港澳台居民的数量和比例均显著增长,中国内地(大陆)作为外国人和港澳居民的长期居住地的吸引力在显著增强。中国内地(大陆)的外国人和港澳台居民的持续增长以及在人口自然结构、社会结构方面出现的新变化值得高度关注。

社区参与视角下国家公园居民的旅游影响感知和自然保护态度差异——以神农架国家公园试点区为例

以神农架国家公园体制试点区(以下简称“神农架国家公园”)为例,运用问卷调查和单因素方差分析等手段,基于对参与旅游和未参与旅游的居民群体差异的比较分析,研究了国家公园旅游对社区居民自然保护态度的影响。研究表明:(1)神农架国家公园居民对旅游的正面影响感知明显强于负面影响感知,参与旅游的居民对正面旅游影响的感知强于后者,未参与旅游的居民对部分负面旅游影响的感知强于参与旅游的居民;(2)神农架国家公园居民对自然保护整体上均持有较为强烈的积极态度,但参与旅游的居民和未参与旅游的居民在强度上存在显著差异,参与旅游的居民较之未参与旅游的居民更认同自然保护的意义,更认同神农架自然保护的必要性,更认同国家公园的自然保护功能,也更愿意遵守和支持国家公园关于自然保护的管理规定。研究揭示了国家公园旅游对当地居民自然保护态度的积极影响,深化了我国国家公园问题研究,为国家公园自然资源的游憩利用提供了科学依据,具有较为突出的学术价值和现实意义。鉴于旅游对当地居民自然保护态度的积极影响,我国在推进国家公园体制建设中,在不影响保护管理目标的前提下应通过科学、适度发展旅游来争取当地居民对国家公园体制建设和自然保护工作的支持。

港澳台与内地(大陆)科技术语差异分析及规范化传播应用对策研究

改革开放以来,随着港澳台地区与内地(大陆)的交往增多,港澳台相关人士将他们的用语习惯带入内地(大陆),部分领域出现了同一个概念用不同术语表达的现象,影响到了人们的相互理解和交流,长此以往,会对内地(大陆)的语言安全造成较大影响。文章拟从国家语言安全的角度,对近年来港澳台与内地(大陆)科技术语的差异性进行较为系统的分析,探索产生这一现象的根源,并从源头对中国科技术语传播及应用策略进行研究,提出相应的术语规范化建议。同时探索利用人工智能技术实现科技术语在内地(大陆)规范化应用的方法与路径,以保证人们交流中的相互理解,促进各领域科学技术的快速发展。

中华民族意涵下两岸融合发展的实践源流与逻辑进路

在两岸关系面临严峻挑战的形势下,从中华民族意涵出发理解和深化两岸融合发展更加彰显时代意义和战略意义。中华民族的概念谱系充分体现了国家统一和民族团结的历史意蕴和时代价值。两岸自古血脉相连,台湾地区至今仍保留中华民族的语言和文化。台湾地区同胞是中华民族的重要组成部分。民族团结、国家认同和国家复兴的理念已深植于中国人民的精神内核。自1979年内地首先推动开启两岸交流以来,两岸在经济、社会、文化等多个领域实现交流发展,为推进祖国和平统一奠定了基础。新时代应从铸牢中华民族共同体意识、壮大中华民族经济、维护中华民族整体利益和厚植中华民族伟大复兴的社会土壤等方面,完整理解两岸融合发展的逻辑进路。

论海峡两岸语言对比研究中的融合取向

两岸语言融合趋势日益明显,但相关研究滞后问题十分突出,对其进行系统深入研究的必要性和急迫性愈发凸显。首先对近年来海峡两岸的语言融合研究进行回顾与总结,其中,语言事实的发掘涉及共时与历时两个维度,理论研究的进展体现在对融合度及其他相关理论的思考及探索上。在已有研究的基础上,探讨如何进一步深化海峡两岸的语言融合研究。不仅明确对两岸语言融合研究的应有认识,而且从事实和理论两个方面进行初步探讨。在事实发掘方面,既要进行拓展研究,横向拓展研究范围、纵向拓展历时考察,又要进行深化研究,深入挖掘融合事实。在理论探索方面,取精用宏,博采众长,同时立足语言事实,锐意创新,不断完善和发展相关理论体系。