Interpretation and Translation:A Case Study of the Translation of“Péng(朋)”and“Yǒu(友)”in The Analects of Confucius

Lun Yu or The Analects,a masterpiece of ancient Chinese thought,contains Chinese Confucianism and the values and ways of doing things that it represents.This paper focuses on the interpretation and translation of“péng(朋)”and“yǒu(友)”in the translations by James Legge,Arthur Waley,Koo Hung-ming,and Xu Yuanchong respectively to explore the similarities and differences between Chinese and Western cultures and the concepts held by different translators in the way of conducting oneself in society.

Constructing a Harmonious World——Linguistic Studies on the Analects of Confucius

Following Halliday’s view that "if a text is to be described at all,then it should be described properly;and this means by the theories and methods developed in linguistics"(Halliday,2002),we use the theoretical framework and methods developed in Systemic-Functional linguistics to explore "the socio-historical and ideological environment" for the "engendering" (ibid.) of the Analects,the particular contextual features of this great work,the hierarchical structure of Confucius’ main teachings,and also the ways of realizing his ideas in this book by the lexico-grammatical choices.We also discuss the implication and relevance of Confucianism to China and the present world.

The Truth Cannot Departs From the Human Nature——On the Status Quo of Translation of The Analects and the Spread of the Confucianism

Confucius'doctrines had great influence on Chinese history.Han Wudi rejected other schools of thoughts but held Confucianism in esteem and so its leading position in Chinese history was established.Its influence was so extensive in China that the Analects of Confucius is indispensable even now,either for studies on Confucius himself or for studies in Chinese history.For thousands of years,Confucianism has exerted a far-reaching influence on Chinese society,culture and on the Chinese psychology.Its influence has extended abroad and Confucianism has held a leading position in the world.

Comparative study on the two translations of The Analects

Introduction:The Analects, recording Confucius and his disciples’ talking andteaching, was written in the period of Spring and Autumn

New Interpretation on“Qin Bu Shi(寝不尸)”in The Analects of Confucius

“When sacrifices are to be offered to ancestors,Shi(尸)is indispensable.This ceremonial convention has been kept intact in the dynasties of Yu,Xia,Shang and Zhou.”Shi refers to a person alive in place of the deceased to be sacrificed.Shi is required to stand in the sacrificial ceremony in Xia dynasty,which is called the standing Shi,while in dynasties of Shang and Zhou,Shi is supposed to be seated,calling the sitting Shi.The sitting posture of Shi at the sacrificial ritual then is different considerably from the way we sit on the buttocks today.Shi is expected to sit on the knees.Specifically,Shi should keep a kneeling position,with knees on the ground and buttocks on the heels whilst his head bowing and his back arching.Accordingly,Qin Bu Shi(寝不尸)in The Analects of Confucius should be interpreted as one should not bother to adopt the sitting Shi posture while retiring to bed,rather than the version,as has been annotated by Yang Bojun,“Confucius does not sleep(lying stretched out)like a dead body.”

On Translation of Ren in The Analects in Terms of Cultural Translation Theory

In 1980’s,the famous translator and scholar Bassnett proposes a new translation theory,namely cultural translation the ory,in which Bassnett insists that culture should be taken as the basic unit of translation,which attracts the attentions all over the world.In the thesis,the translation of Ren,one of the main ideas of Confucianism,will be discussed from the perspective of Bassnett’s cultural translation theory.Ren,the essence of The Analects,also the symbol of Chinese traditional culture,is endowed with profound connotation and important status.There are more and more translations of Ren in contemporary era.After com paring different kinds of translation and cultural translation theory,the most proper way of doing it may be transliterating it to Ren.

The Filial Piety Thought in The Analects and Its Implications for the Filial Culture Education in Rural Areas of China

The Analects is the source of Confucian culture,and filial piety is the traditional virtue of the Chinese nation.The filial piety thought contained in The Analects is profound and concrete.From the macroscopic perspective,it is embodied in the filial piety and loyalty;from the perspective of family filial piety,it manifests itself as the four aspects of the individual s support,respect,courtesy and loyalty to parents.Through the in-depth interpretation of the filial piety in The Analects,and combination of the issues of endowment,education,empty nesters and left-behind children in rural areas,this paper explored its value in the individual,family and social construction.

On the Divergence of Piety in Chinese and Western Culture: A Case Study on Euthyphro and The Analects

Piety culture can be traced back to thousands years ago both in Chinese and western cultures.In the classic works Euthyphro and The Analects,piety has different connotations.In the paper,a comparative study on piety between Chinese and western culture is conducted with the exploration and comparison between the origins of piety in different cultures,and the analysis of different parent-child relationships under different piety cultures.It is concluded that both piety culture of China and western countries should be given due attention and respect.

A Comparison of Confucian Analects Translated by James Legge and Bur ton Watson

Confucian Analects is one of the most important ancient Chinese classics,attracting various scholars to study and trans late it throughout history.Here I extract the translation versions of James Legge and Burton Watson of chapter 1.Raised by Hans J.Vermeer,skopos theory determines the translation strategies that are used in the translation;so this paper will briefly analyze the two translations’features from the perspective of domestication and foreignization under different translation goals.

Pedagogical Insights Found in The Analects

This essay tries to uncover and interpret Confucius’s educational philosophy as embodied in The Analects and its implications for today’s college education in hopes that it may provide higher educational institutions and teachers with some insights into their teaching practices to help improve their teaching quality.

A Comparative Study of Classical Chinese Teaching in Junior High School about Analects of Confucius Chapter 12

“Analects of Confucius”is an important carrier of outstanding traditional culture of our country,and“The Ministry of Education”junior high school Chinese textbook seventh grade volume of the third unit of“<Analects>12 chapters”included 12 chapters as learning content.In the actual teaching,Xiao Pei-dong teacher teaching reading as self-reading,let the Analects of Confucius into the students’hearts.Mr.Xu Jie stimulates students’interest by reading Chinese teaching,teaching with culture and teaching in activities.Teacher Zhu Xingxiang guides students to use the method of mutual verification,to explore“the joy of learning”,“the joy of having friends”and“the joy of gentleman”,and to learn Confucius’s optimistic life attitude.The three teachers have different teaching methods,each with its own characteristics,but all reach the same destination,aiming at improving the core quality of students,which has important reference significance for the teaching of classical Chinese in junior high school under the new curriculum standard.

“Filial Piety” in The Analects of Confucius and “Filial Piety” in Today’s Society

Against today’s backdrop of“filial piety”in society,the“filial piety”in the Analects of Confucius triggered heated debates.Since ancient times,“filial piety”,which is of great importance to traditional Chinese culture,has been an important part of Confucianism.“Ingratitude”will inevitably be condemned by society.But nowadays,“irrational filial piety”will turn into“foolish filial piety”.Therefore,what people should do is to carry out“rational filial piety”and carry forward Chinese traditional culture critically so as to make contribution to building a harmonious socialist society.

Comparative Analysis of Two Famous English Versions of Analects of Confucius

The Analects of Confucius is a great Chinese classic with far-reaching influence all over the world.There are many translation versions of it,among which Thomas Cleary’s and Arthur Waley’s translation are the most well-known.Based on careful study,this paper makes a comparative analysis of the translation versions of Cleary and Waley,mainly from two aspects:the translation of key words and the translation of special sentence patterns and rhetoric.After a detailed comparative analysis of some typical examples,it is concluded that:Cleary’s translation is easy for western readers to understand because many culture-specific items are deleted.And Waley’s translation tries to be faithful to the style of the original text,thus building a bridge for western scholars to study Confucius.

A Comparative Study on Different Translations of“Ren(仁)”in The Ana Analects of Confucius in Chinese and Western Cultures

The concept of"ren"(仁) in The Analects of Confucius is at the core of Confucianism and has acquired rich connotations and a dis-tinguished position. Enormous differences in cultural background between the East and the West, however, result in varied under-standings of"ren". In this paper, a detailed comparison between Ku Hung-ming's translation of The Analects of Confucius andthat of James Legge's is made to analyze the the impact of different cultural background on the understanding and translation of"ren"in the relevant contexts. It is concluded that cultural difference exerts a great influence on the English versions of The Ana-lects of Confucius.

A Discussion on the Pedagogical Concepts in Confucian Analects from the View of the Pedagogy of Performed Culture Approach

Confucian Analects contains many pedagogical concepts and viewpoints that have a significant influence on China’s culture and history.Many of the concepts can be interpreted and understood from the perspective of the pedagogy of Performed Culture Approach.This paper investigates the meanings of some Confucian pedagogical discussions and thoughts,such as communicating with other social members,the relationship between language and behavior,multiple procedures in learning,and how social contexts affect one’s language and performance in the Analects,which is mainly from the perspective of the relationship between language and Performed Culture Approach.

清人《论语》笔记对前代的传承与超越

清代是笔记集大成的时代,清人《论语》笔记是清代学者带有强烈的自觉意识撰著而成的学术著作,不仅是今人研究清代《论语》的重要文献来源,也是考辨清代学术演进路径的关键文献资料。从释读方法看,清人《论语》笔记以传承汉、宋二学传统为主,分别从文字训诂、经文义理入手,以求对《论语》本义的确解。从解经思想看,清人笔记突破了前代《论语》研究篇幅冗长少有变通、严守家传与师说、治经手段单一的局限,无论是其灵活自由的条辨形式,还是实事求是的解经原则,抑或会通博洽的学术视野,都可谓是对汉代以来《论语》研究的发展与超越。

《论语》“君子儒”与“小人儒”涵义考辨

儒家经典《论语》言“儒”,仅见于“女为君子儒,无为小人儒”一章,这很不寻常。学界诠释大多直陈观点而少有理据。要明确“君子儒”“小人儒”词义内涵,考察时代背景尤为重要。分析孔子时代“儒”之卑下地位和柔懦性格,诉诸孔子个人身世抱负及对“新君子”理想人格的塑造,我们认为孔子时代之“儒”都是“小人儒”,即地位低下之儒,“女为君子儒”不过是孔子的期待与自励,希望儒者通过“修德取位”和“以德正位”,成为德位兼具、勇毅刚强的“君子儒”。经孔、孟、荀、董仲舒等历代儒者不断诠释,“君子儒”最终成为两千年来推进政治治理、推动文化发展的中坚。

芬格莱特对《论语》的礼学诠释与现代重构

芬格莱特从西方日常语言分析的哲学立场诠释研究《论语》,把“礼”看作人存在的本质,深刻阐释了“礼”的道德规范、社会实践、神圣意义。芬格莱特重视《论语》的原典分析,尽量避免引入诠释性文本,并试图纠正西方流行的“主观-心理”式解读方式,但由于矫枉过正反而陷入另一种偏见,因此并未寻得“礼”的最终价值依据和心理本原,也使神圣礼仪成为“无源之水”。

《史记》对《论语》的接受与再诠释探究

司马迁在撰写《史记》的过程中,表现出对《论语》的高度重视。由于西汉儒学复苏的影响以及司马迁本人对孔子尊崇,《史记》对《论语》的接受程度很高:《史记》不仅将《论语》作为可采信的史料,而且在政治主张与历史人物的评价上都以《论语》作为依据。以对《论语》的接受为基础,《史记》还对《论语》进行了再诠释:在内容方面,司马迁化《论语》的议论为叙事;在思想方面,《史记》体现出明显的政治哲学倾向。同时,《史记》对《论语》的再诠释,对于《论语》的经典化也产生了积极的影响。