Study on the Authenticity of Identification Methods in White Spirit by Infrared Spectrometer

This experiment studies on the used infrared spectroscopy to establish technology methods for liquor identification methods, as well as offers the science data for establishment of the fingerprint in white spirit. The results have shown that using near-infrared spectroscopy analysis of liquor has the obvious features such as strong specificity, good reproducibility, simple operation, and finally confirmed that it is an authentic and ideal method for identification in white spirit.

Coyote Predation Effects on White-Tailed Deer Fawns

Coyotes (Canis latrans) are a relatively new predator to the southeastern United States, and may be negatively impacting white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus;hereafter, deer) populations. Our objectives were to evaluate the impacts of coyotes on deer fawns by assessing deer fawn survival and cause-specific mortality, and gain an understanding of factors affecting fawn survival and coyote predation. We captured and radio collared 30 fawns in the Red Hills region of Florida and Georgia, USA (2012-2013). Fawns were monitored for 12 weeks for survival and cause-specific mortality, and we quantified habitat and environmental characteristics of birth sites. Predation (n = 19;95%) was the leading cause of fawn mortality (n = 20;67%), with coyote predation (n = 14;74%) being the most important type of predation. Survival rates for all fawns were greater (P = 0.048) where coyotes were removed compared to non-removal sites, with 50% and 25% of fawns surviving to 12 weeks on coyote-removal and non-removal sites, respectively. Survival rates of fawns ultimately predated by coyotes were greater (P = 0.096) on coyote-removal than non-removal sites, with 40% and 50% of fawns predated by coyotes within 12 weeks on coyote-removal and non-removal sites, respectively. Survival of all fawns and those predated by coyotes was lower when fawns were born at sites with greater hardwood basal area, total basal area, and canopy closure;and survival improved if born in or near hardwood, natural pine, and managed (planted) pine cover types. Increased canopy cover within 10 m of the birth site was selected by adult females for birth sites of all fawns and those that were predated by coyotes. Compared with fawns that lived, all dying fawns and those predated by coyotes had less shrub cover within 5 m and less grass cover at and within 10 m of the birth site. Coyote removal increased fawn daily survival rates, and habitat played a role in fawn survival.

Predicting intensity of white-tailed deer herbivory in the Central Appalachian Mountains

In eastern North America, white-tailed deer(Odocoileus virginianus) can have profound influences on forest biodiversity and forest successional processes.Moderate to high deer populations in the central Appalachians have resulted in lower forest biodiversity.Legacy effects in some areas persist even following deer population reductions or declines. This has prompted managers to consider deer population management goals in light of policies designed to support conservation of biodiversity and forest regeneration while continuing to support ample recreational hunting opportunities. However,despite known relationships between herbivory intensity and biodiversity impact, little information exists on the predictability of herbivory intensity across the varied and spatially diverse habitat conditions of the central Appalachians. We examined the predictability of browsing rates across central Appalachian landscapes at four environmental scales: vegetative community characteristics, physical environment, habitat configuration, and local human and deer population demographics. In an information-theoretic approach, we found that a model fitting the number of stems browsed relative to local vegetation characteristics received most(62%) of the overall support of all tested models assessing herbivory impact. Our data suggest that deer herbivory responded most predictably to differences in vegetation quantity and type. No other spatial factors or demographic factors consistently affected browsing intensity. Because herbivory, vegetation communities, and productivity vary spatially, we suggest that effective broad-scale herbivory impact assessment should include spatially-balanced vegetation monitoring that accounts for regional differences in deer forage preference.Effective monitoring is necessary to avoid biodiversity impacts and deleterious changes in vegetation community composition that are difficult to reverse and/or may not be detected using traditional deer-density based management goals.

Interpretation of Female Tragedy Semiotics in the White Deer Plain--Take Tian Xiao’e as a Case

In the novel White Deer Plain,Chen Zhongshi profoundly narrated the tragic fate of the survival of the image of Chinese women,revealed the social status,inner world and character characteristics of women in Chinese traditional culture,and explained the tragic root of the survival of Chinese women from the Chinese cultural level.About the description of the characters,Tian Xiao’e was deeper to touch the depths of human nature affection Aaron and reason of conflict,touched the moral self and human self in a culture of conflict,so that the survival of female tragic signs of the novel has a wider significance and general significance.In this article,the author takes Tian Xiao’e as the example,to analyze this typical characteristic from the angle of the female tragedy semiotics in multi-dimensional interpretation of the characters.It is not only has practical significance for gender ethics construction,also has the vital significance to our mind world and the cultural construction today.

Regional Copper Deficiency in White-Tailed Deer

Minerals are critical in maintaining health and physiological function in wildlife. Geographic variation in soil and forage mineral concentration may predispose wildlife to mineral imbalances, where a common symptom is restricted somatic growth. We investigated if mineral imbalances could explain localized differences in morphology of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) occurring in geographically proximate sites with similar management, climate, and habitat. We collected serum samples and morphological measurements from free-ranging white-tailed deer captured during 2011-2019 from coastal and inland rangeland sites in South Texas, USA. We measured mineral concentrations in serum from captured deer at each location. Asymptotic deer body mass and antler size averaged 8% - 20% smaller for deer at the coastal compared to the inland site. The proportion of deer with deficient levels of serum copper was greater at the coastal site (66% versus 14%). Our results suggest regional mineral deficiencies in deer may limit antler and body development. Wildlife managers should be aware of all aspects of wildlife nutrition and the importance of considering nutrients beyond energy and protein.

Sign Manipulations Adopted by the Actors in White Deer Plain-Take Bai Jiaxuan and Lu Zilin as a Case

The corpus of this research was selected from the novel White Deer Plain,focusing on the inter-characteristics of various sign text modalities(fiction,TV lines and TV series),involving the interaction between sign text interpreters such as authors,scriptwriters,directors,actors,censors,post-producers,audiences,etc.Sign manipulations were adopted in these processes.It can be said that these sign processes from linguistic signs to TV drama cross-media and multimedia composite signs are typical sign text.Therefore,the research about complexity of the sign process attracts authors’interest.There are relatively few studies on the analysis of Bai Jiaxuan and Lu Zilin in White Deer Plain from the perspective of semiotics.This paper will analyze the differences in the characterizing process between novels and TV series from the perspective of sign manipulations.

马麝出血症组织灭活疫苗的制备及免疫保护性分析

马麝病毒性出血症(Moschus chrysogaster viral hemorrhagic disease,McVHD)是一种急性、高度致死性、出血性传染病,给马麝驯养业造成了重大的经济损失,严重威胁马麝种群的繁育以及相关产业的发展。为了提高对马麝出血症的防控能力,需研制有效预防马麝出血症的疫苗。用出血症病死马麝的肝脏毒感染家兔,取病死兔肝脏制备组织匀浆,反复冻融后离心,上清经除菌处理后用甲醛灭活,进而配制马麝出血症组织灭活疫苗,并在安全性试验的基础上进行动物试验。结果显示,未加佐剂组织灭活疫苗组的致死保护率为100%,白油佐剂组织灭活疫苗组的致死保护率为66.7%,商品疫苗组致死保护率为100%,表明疫苗有较好免疫保护效果。研究结果为有效预防马麝出血症和商品化疫苗的开发奠定了基础。

《白鹿原》版本修改及文本演变考论

当代文学生产场域也存在作者、编辑或出版者等“复数作者”,出于各种原因对文本作出主动或被动修改,在作品版本变迁过程中形成文本的演化与歧变现象。《白鹿原》的重要修改至少涉及三个不同版本:初刊本作为编者出于对形势担忧而面向市场预期推出的“检验本”,较手稿而言历经大量删减,是当代文学出版机制对文本生产介入的体现;作者、编者等合作参与进行复原性修改,又使初版本成为最能体现作家创作初衷的“意图本”;修订本则是“评奖”作为当代隐形文化权力介入后,由媒介、学者、评奖等综合力量参与改动形成的“微调本”。“检验本”—“意图本”—“微调本”呈现的不仅是作品从初刊、初版到修订版物质形态的变化,更折射出当代文学隐秘而内在的文本演变与变异特质。

论长篇小说《白鹿原》与中国式现代化体验的书写

陈忠实的长篇小说《白鹿原》以白鹿原上的白鹿两个家族的矛盾与纠葛为线索,真实地反映了从清末到新中国成立五十年间中国社会的巨大变革。这一时期正是中国社会从传统向现代转变的重要时期,是中国传统社会的政治结构、经济形态、社会组织与思想意识的转变、解体与式微的时期,也是中国现代政治、社会、经济与思想逐渐滋长的时期。长篇小说《白鹿原》通过白鹿原上人们的生活变化与思想变迁呈现了中国人独特的现代性体验,传达了传统中国向现代中国转换过程中丰富的时代症候。

《白鹿原》“出走”母题叙事方式及其置换变形

“出走”作为中国文学尤其是现代文学经久不衰的一个母题,在陈忠实的小说《白鹿原》中得到延续和承继,获得创造性的发展。《白鹿原》小说中“出走”母题固化的内容模式和惯常的叙事技法一如既往,并从“出走”人物、“出走”阻力、“出走”地点对“出走”模式进行创新,从叙事焦点和叙述声音两方面对“出走”母题的叙事进行置换和变形,使“出走”母题更具文学价值和美学意蕴。

不同陈酿方式对白葡萄蒸馏酒品质的影响

为了提高酒体品质,改善酒体的风格,该研究分别采用轻度橡木片(LOC)、中度橡木片(MOC)及重度橡木片(HOC)结合超声处理的方式对白葡萄蒸馏酒进行陈酿,对其理化指标、感官品质及挥发性风味成分进行分析,并对其挥发性风味物质进行聚类分析(CA)及主成分分析(PCA)。结果表明,重度橡木片结合超声的陈酿方式制备白葡萄蒸馏酒的品质更佳,其酒体总酸、总酚含量及非酒精挥发物总量分别为0.14 g/L、69.47 mg/L、2.97 g/L,感官评分为79.67分;酒体中挥发性风味化合物种类从19种增加至22种,酯类物质种类从13种增加至15种;CA和PCA结果表明,与重度橡木片陈酿酒样相比,结合超声处理酒样中挥发性风味化合物种类增多,但挥发性风味化合物含量下降,尤其是乙酸乙酯、亚油酸乙酯、十六酸乙酯等酯类物质。该陈酿方法可以提高酒体品质,为蒸馏酒陈酿提供理论依据。

陶瓷绘画中青花纹样的人文精神——以元明青花为例

从古至今,陶瓷绘画始终贯串在人文生活中,并有它专属的语言。瓷画具有光滑、剔透、洁白等特点,是在瓷器上绘画创作,运用一些专属的陶瓷材料在其绘画,经过高温烧制而成。在陶瓷绘画中有它的绘画语言,有着属于它想要展现的情怀和人文精神。笔者通过抓住了瓷画中的绘画语言,以青花瓷为研究对象,探究青花纹样中那富有故事情节的人文精神,解析其精妙绝伦的美学呈现和独有的表达形式。

基于渗透汽化膜分离技术制备无核白葡萄烈酒原酒的工艺优化及其安全性分析

该文以鲜食无核白葡萄为原料,通过单因素结合响应面试验进行优化,确定无核白葡萄烈酒原酒的最佳发酵工艺,并通过测定甲醇、氨基甲酸乙酯(ethyl carbamate,EC)、赭曲霉毒素A(ochratoxin A,OTA)、生物胺(biogenic amine,BA)、铁离子(Fe^(3+))含量,评价无核白葡萄烈酒的安全性。结果表明,无核白葡萄烈酒原酒最佳发酵工艺为酵母添加量0.4 g/L、发酵温度17℃、初始糖度24°Brix,该发酵工艺下的无核白葡萄原酒酒精度为12.2%vol,经过渗透汽化膜分离技术制备的无核白葡萄烈酒酒精度为53%vol,甲醇含量为190.88 mg/L,EC含量为1.02μg/L,未检出OTA,9种BA检出其中4种(色胺、苯乙胺、章鱼胺、亚精胺),总含量为4.074 mg/L,Fe3+含量为1.30 mg/L,均未超过相关限量标准。

液相色谱-串联质谱内标法测定白酒中甜蜜素的不确定度评定

本文采用液相色谱-串联质谱法,以内标法定量,测定白酒中甜蜜素的含量。并对测量过程中不确定度的来源进行全面分析,对不确定度数值进行考察评定。结果表明:该方法测得白酒中甜蜜素含量为0.27mg/kg时,其扩展不确定度为0.04mg/kg(k=2)。其中影响测量结果不确定度的主要因素为标准溶液的配置,标准物质纯度和测量仪器。此研究有助于提高实验室检测的质量稳定性,为建立甜蜜素测量的质量控制方法提供有效参考。

文化翻译观视域下《白鹿原》中的民俗词汇英译

在“文化走出去”的战略背景下,民俗文化的译介传播与外语译本普及显得至关重要。将《白鹿原》中具有代表性的民俗文化词汇归入社会生活系统、物质生活系统和精神生活系统,归纳分析了作品中民俗词汇的文化特点。巴斯奈特提出的“文化功能对等”在解决文化缺省、语境空缺、文化空白翻译问题方面具有较强的阐释力度和指导意义。以《白鹿原》为例,基于文化翻译观,总结分析了民俗词汇的英译策略:靠近目的语文化,兼顾可读性以“求同”;尊重源语文化,兼顾本真性以“存异”。本研究对丰富民俗英译策略和推动关中地区民俗在英语国家的传播具有积极意义。

白鹿洞书院建筑空间形态与装饰文化在当代设计的运用

白鹿洞书院虽然有着皇家主办的国学级别,但在建筑风格、形制、用材和用色上,有着所在地域的文化特征。白鹿洞书院空间形态有着独特的江西风格,采用多轴线并列式,本文尝试剖析白鹿洞书院的空间建筑形态与装饰文化特征,对其空间轴线分布形式、空间结构、装饰文化几方面进行分析,并尝试提取,为当今建筑的形态提供一定的参考价值。

从《白鹿原》改编看电影与文学的非良性互动

从小说《白鹿原》到改编成电影《白鹿原》,时间相隔19年。在电影《白鹿原》中,由于改编者的急功近利、理解偏差与原作者迁就、失语,因而出现忽视原著精神内核、审美价值的非良性互动现象。电影改编应坚持对文学原著精神内核的尊重与借鉴,文学也应坚守以保有艺术独创性为前提的良性互动方式。

酵母添加量对酱香型白酒中杂油醇影响

杂油醇是白酒中含量较大且对人体有毒害作用,研究不同酵母菌添加量对白酒中杂油醇含量的影响,研究得出:不同酵母添加量对正丁醇、异丁醇、异戊醇及杂油醇总量影响不同,酵母菌添加量1%时,杂醇油的生成量已趋于平缓,且杂油醇生成量较低,和未加酵母菌相比,杂油醇总量降低39.64%。

辐射加速白酒陈化研究

利用６０Ｃｏ──γ射线辐照市售散装白酒（６０°），处理剂量为０．８ｋＧｙ、２．０ｋＧｙ、４．０ｋＧｙ，剂量率为３．３３Ｇｙ／ｍｉｎ，在贮存不同时间后，检验其理化及感官指标。结果表明，经ｒ射线辐照的白酒，总酸、总酯等有益成分均有不同程度增加，其感官指标也比对照组好，尤其以辐照剂量２．０ｋＧｙ的处理组最佳，且辐照后贮存一定时间，其陈化效果更好。

察青松多白唇鹿国家级自然保护区白唇鹿对夏季生境的选择

白唇鹿是青藏高原特有鹿种,人们对其生境选择与利用知之甚少。2009年6-8月和2011年7-8月,用痕迹检验法和直接观察法研究了察青松多白唇鹿国家级自然保护区内白唇鹿的夏季生境选择。在保护区内若当沟和麻绒沟两个白唇鹿集中分布区域测定了195个样方中的植被类型、海拔高度、坡位、坡度、坡向、离水源距离、隐蔽度和人类活动干扰8个生态因子。用Vanderloeg和Scavia选择指数和主成分分析法分析了白唇鹿夏季生境选择的影响因子。结果表明:白唇鹿夏季倾向于选择海拔4 000 m以上中上坡位的高山草甸生境和离水源距离500 m以外的阳坡或阴坡生境;而回避坡度大于60度、裸岩生境、下坡位生境和半阴坡生境。除隐蔽条件和人类活动干扰外,其余6个生态因子均对白唇鹿夏季生境选择有明显的影响。生态因子主成分分析表明前3个主成分的贡献量为68.8%,其中:第1主成分的贡献率为39.76%,该主成分与坡位、坡度和海拔的相关系数绝对值较大;第二主成分的贡献率为16.32%,与其相关系数绝对值较高的是隐蔽条件与植被类型;第三主成分的贡献率为12.71%,与其相关系数绝对值较高的是坡向。