Reproduction and development are complex couple-dependent processes. Risk assessment for these health outcomes requires the use of biomarkers to link exposures to disease. Biological markers of susceptability, externa...Reproduction and development are complex couple-dependent processes. Risk assessment for these health outcomes requires the use of biomarkers to link exposures to disease. Biological markers of susceptability, external dose, internal dose, biologically effective dose, early or late biological responses, altered reproductive or developmental function, and reproductive or developmental disease are introduced. Using these biomarkers it is possible to define a biologically based risk assessment methodology for reproductive and developmental toxicity. Risk assessment for reproductive toxicity requires definition of male and female fecundity, couple-specific factors, spontaneous abortion, rate, and other factors. Using using sperm count as a biomarker for male fecundity, an example of a reproductive risk assessment using biomarkers is performed.展开更多
Artistic specialty students are relatively special in high school education of our country,fine art students is one of them.This article explains the reasons for the current problems to art students in the process of ...Artistic specialty students are relatively special in high school education of our country,fine art students is one of them.This article explains the reasons for the current problems to art students in the process of constructing the conception of history,combining with the actual conditions,it tentatively proposes corresponding solutions to promote the deepening development of the history teaching of art students and the construction of the conception of history,carry out the educational requirements of“strengthening moral education and cultivating people”in the teaching process.展开更多
Western modern and contemporary architecture and art is a conceptual architecture and art, change in human concept promotes the development of modern and contemporary architecture and art, presents us a new look. Evol...Western modern and contemporary architecture and art is a conceptual architecture and art, change in human concept promotes the development of modern and contemporary architecture and art, presents us a new look. Evolvement of concept is the core force that pushes forward the unceasing development of art and architecture, art and architecture as concept always influence and interact with each other and create a new dimension. Both architects and artists try to express their opinions using the individualized works and practices in the context of changing values in social transformation, which has become the significance of contemporary architectural design and artistic creation.展开更多
Inconsistent condom use among persons on antiretroviral treatment (ART) is a major public health concern because of the risk of HIV transmission. This study examined the association between socio-demographic variables...Inconsistent condom use among persons on antiretroviral treatment (ART) is a major public health concern because of the risk of HIV transmission. This study examined the association between socio-demographic variables and knowing partners’ HIV status, multiple sex partners, and consistent condom use among 400 HIV-infected adults who had received ART for at least six months in Johannesburg, South Africa. The study used a cross-sectional survey and a structured interviewer administered questionnaire. Over half (n = 225, 56.3%) of participants were on ART for more than two years. Two thirds (n = 234, 63.2%) were aware of partner’s HIV status. Over a third (n = 136, 34.0%) reported having more than one sex partners. Three quarters (n = 279, 75.8%) reported consistent condom use with regular partner. Discussing HIV testing (aOR = 2.28, CI: 1.31 -3.95), awareness of partner’s HIV status (aOR = 2.59, CI: 1.50 -4.46), level of education (aOR = 0.64, CI: 0.42 -0.98), and duration on ART (aOR = 0.71, CI: 1.31 -3.95) were predictors for consistent condom use. Awareness of partner’s HIV status was associated with multiple partnership (aOR = 0.38, CI: 0.21 -0.66), living with partner (aOR = 4.75, CI: 2.86 -7.91), discussing HIV testing (aOR = 2.43, CI: 1.48 -3.99), and duration on ART (aOR = 2.04, CI: 1.43 -2.92). While gender (aOR = 5.68, CI: 3.46 -9.34), marital status (aOR = 0.44, CI: 0.25 -0.77), and awareness of partner’s HIV status (aOR = 0.52, CI: 0.30 -0.89) were associated with multiple partnerships. Risky sexual behaviours occurred in all types of partners and knowing partner’s HIV status was a predictor for consistent condom use with all types of partners. It is essential that HIV prevention strategies create an enabling environment for disclosure and reductions of risky sexual behaviours by HIV-infected persons on ART.展开更多
This paper explores the innovative ways of teaching mode of environmental art design major under the concept of OBE.Through theoretical elaboration,combined with the understanding of literature and practical work expe...This paper explores the innovative ways of teaching mode of environmental art design major under the concept of OBE.Through theoretical elaboration,combined with the understanding of literature and practical work experience,it innovates from three aspects of teaching concept,teaching system and training objectives,and establishes an innovative teaching system.展开更多
文摘Reproduction and development are complex couple-dependent processes. Risk assessment for these health outcomes requires the use of biomarkers to link exposures to disease. Biological markers of susceptability, external dose, internal dose, biologically effective dose, early or late biological responses, altered reproductive or developmental function, and reproductive or developmental disease are introduced. Using these biomarkers it is possible to define a biologically based risk assessment methodology for reproductive and developmental toxicity. Risk assessment for reproductive toxicity requires definition of male and female fecundity, couple-specific factors, spontaneous abortion, rate, and other factors. Using using sperm count as a biomarker for male fecundity, an example of a reproductive risk assessment using biomarkers is performed.
文摘Artistic specialty students are relatively special in high school education of our country,fine art students is one of them.This article explains the reasons for the current problems to art students in the process of constructing the conception of history,combining with the actual conditions,it tentatively proposes corresponding solutions to promote the deepening development of the history teaching of art students and the construction of the conception of history,carry out the educational requirements of“strengthening moral education and cultivating people”in the teaching process.
基金Sponsored by 2014 Humanities and Social Sciences Research Fund of Liaoning Provincial Department of Education
文摘Western modern and contemporary architecture and art is a conceptual architecture and art, change in human concept promotes the development of modern and contemporary architecture and art, presents us a new look. Evolvement of concept is the core force that pushes forward the unceasing development of art and architecture, art and architecture as concept always influence and interact with each other and create a new dimension. Both architects and artists try to express their opinions using the individualized works and practices in the context of changing values in social transformation, which has become the significance of contemporary architectural design and artistic creation.
文摘Inconsistent condom use among persons on antiretroviral treatment (ART) is a major public health concern because of the risk of HIV transmission. This study examined the association between socio-demographic variables and knowing partners’ HIV status, multiple sex partners, and consistent condom use among 400 HIV-infected adults who had received ART for at least six months in Johannesburg, South Africa. The study used a cross-sectional survey and a structured interviewer administered questionnaire. Over half (n = 225, 56.3%) of participants were on ART for more than two years. Two thirds (n = 234, 63.2%) were aware of partner’s HIV status. Over a third (n = 136, 34.0%) reported having more than one sex partners. Three quarters (n = 279, 75.8%) reported consistent condom use with regular partner. Discussing HIV testing (aOR = 2.28, CI: 1.31 -3.95), awareness of partner’s HIV status (aOR = 2.59, CI: 1.50 -4.46), level of education (aOR = 0.64, CI: 0.42 -0.98), and duration on ART (aOR = 0.71, CI: 1.31 -3.95) were predictors for consistent condom use. Awareness of partner’s HIV status was associated with multiple partnership (aOR = 0.38, CI: 0.21 -0.66), living with partner (aOR = 4.75, CI: 2.86 -7.91), discussing HIV testing (aOR = 2.43, CI: 1.48 -3.99), and duration on ART (aOR = 2.04, CI: 1.43 -2.92). While gender (aOR = 5.68, CI: 3.46 -9.34), marital status (aOR = 0.44, CI: 0.25 -0.77), and awareness of partner’s HIV status (aOR = 0.52, CI: 0.30 -0.89) were associated with multiple partnerships. Risky sexual behaviours occurred in all types of partners and knowing partner’s HIV status was a predictor for consistent condom use with all types of partners. It is essential that HIV prevention strategies create an enabling environment for disclosure and reductions of risky sexual behaviours by HIV-infected persons on ART.
文摘This paper explores the innovative ways of teaching mode of environmental art design major under the concept of OBE.Through theoretical elaboration,combined with the understanding of literature and practical work experience,it innovates from three aspects of teaching concept,teaching system and training objectives,and establishes an innovative teaching system.
