基于Cruise的重型商用车性能匹配分析

针对重型商用车动力系统开发周期长、成本高的问题,该文首先参考法规基于MATLAB编写程序生成需要的换挡策略,再通过AVL Cruise对整车性能匹配进行建模和仿真分析,得到油耗、动力性都满足要求的最优动力方案,并与该方案对应的实测值进行对比分析。结果表明,仿真结果与实测结果基本吻合,模型仿真可以代替实测对整车性能提前评估,缩短产品开发周期和成本。

The Chinese Consumers’Service Quality Satisfaction Differences of Cruise Tourism and Precision Marketing Strategy

The paper selected Chinese Cruise Line as the case study. Having based on the survey data of Chinese cruise tourism consumers, the factor analysis method, one-way analysis of variances method, cluster analysis method, and other quantitative and qualitative methods were taken to analyze Chinese consumers’ satisfaction differences of cruise tourism service quality with different segmentation markets and clusters markets, and the reasons of satisfaction differences were also explored. Then precision marketing strategy of Chinese cruise tourism with different segmentation markets and clusters markets from the supply-side reform perspective was discussed. The purpose of current research was to provide suggestions of precision management and precision marketing of Chinese cruise tourism for relevant enterprises and government departments.

基于Cruise的纯电动汽车建模及仿真研究

为了缩短纯电动汽车设计开发周期,采用基于Cruise与MATLAB/SIMULINK联合仿真的方法,依据仿真试验结果对所选电机及所设计控制策略运行状态进行分析。首先,运用Cruise软件搭建纯电动汽车仿真模型;其次,在MATLAB/SIMULINK中建立纯电动汽车控制策略;最后,通过两者的联合仿真,在多个工况下分析车速跟随情况、电机转速及扭矩、电池荷电状态(state of charge,SOC)值变化情况,进而分析控制策略与所选电机运行状况是否匹配,缩短整车电机选型、控制策略设计及开发的周期。

Modified Elite Opposition-Based Artificial Hummingbird Algorithm for Designing FOPID Controlled Cruise Control System

Efficient speed controllers for dynamic driving tasks in autonomous vehicles are crucial for ensuring safety and reliability.This study proposes a novel approach for designing a fractional order proportional-integral-derivative(FOPID)controller that utilizes a modified elite opposition-based artificial hummingbird algorithm(m-AHA)for optimal parameter tuning.Our approach outperforms existing optimization techniques on benchmark functions,and we demonstrate its effectiveness in controlling cruise control systems with increased flexibility and precision.Our study contributes to the advancement of autonomous vehicle technology by introducing a novel and efficient method for FOPID controller design that can enhance the driving experience while ensuring safety and reliability.We highlight the significance of our findings by demonstrating how our approach can improve the performance,safety,and reliability of autonomous vehicles.This study’s contributions are particularly relevant in the context of the growing demand for autonomous vehicles and the need for advanced control techniques to ensure their safe operation.Our research provides a promising avenue for further research and development in this area.

Mechanical Modeling and Analysis of Stability Deterioration of Production Well During Marine Hydrate Depressurization Production

Different from oil and gas production,hydrate reservoirs are shallow and unconsolidated,whose mechanical properties deteriorate with hydrate decomposition.Therefore,the formations will undergo significant subsidence during depressurization,which will destroy the original force state of the production well.However,existing research on the stability of oil and gas production wells assumes the formation to be stable,and lacks consideration of the force exerted on the hydrate production well by formation subsidence caused by hydrate decomposition during production.To fill this gap,this paper proposes an analytical method for the dynamic evolution of the stability of hydrate production well considering the effects of hydrate decomposition.Based on the mechanical model of the production well,the basis for stability analysis has been proposed.A multi-field coupling model of the force state of the production well considering the effect of hydrate decomposition and formation subsidence is established,and a solver is developed.The analytical approach is verified by its good agreement with the results from the numerical method.A case study found that the decomposition of hydrate will increase the pulling-down force and reduce the supporting force,which is the main reason for the stability deterioration.The higher the initial hydrate saturation,the larger the reservoir thickness,and the lower the production pressure,the worse the stability or even instability.This work can provide a theoretical reference for the stability maintaining of the production well.

基于Cruise的商用车整车性能分析设计及应用

文章通过AVL CRUISE建立车辆模型,主要对发动机、离合器、变速箱、驱动桥、车轮的选型及整车的匹配设计,仿真计算分析出车辆的不同工况下的牵引力,加速度、加速时间、最高转速,爬坡度、油耗值、制动性;对整车传动系统关键部件进行参数进行分析,从而合理的匹配设计,通过试制试验、加载性能试验以及用户实际工况使用验证,选择满足商用车使用性能的设计参数,最终实现推广应用。

基于CRUISE软件的某纯电动汽车仿真分析

该文探讨使用CRUISE软件进行纯电动汽车动力经济性仿真分析的方法,介绍CRUISE软件功能及分析应用方向。以纯电动汽车动力系统动力性分析为例,阐述纯电动汽车动力性分析的方法。

Single-base editing in IGF2 improves meat production and intramuscular fat deposition in Liang Guang Small Spotted pigs

Background Chinese indigenous pigs are popular with consumers for their juiciness,flavour and meat quality,but they have lower meat production.Insulin-like growth factor 2(IGF2) is a maternally imprinted growth factor that promotes skeletal muscle growth by regulating cell proliferation and differentiation.A single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) within intron 3 of porcine IGF2 disrupts a binding site for the repressor,zinc finger BED-type containing 6(ZBED6),leading to up-regulation of IGF2 and causing major effects on muscle growth,heart size,and backfat thickness.This favorable mutation is common in Western commercial pig populations,but absent in most Chinese indigenous pig breeds.To improve meat production of Chinese indigenous pigs,we used cytosine base editor 3(CBE3)to introduce IGF2 intron3-C3071T mutation into porcine embryonic fibroblasts(PEFs) isolated from a male Liang Guang Small Spotted pig(LGSS),and single-cell clones harboring the desired mutation were selected for somatic cell nuclear transfer(SCNT) to generate the founder line of IGF2^(T/T) pigs.Results We found the heterozygous progeny IGF2^(C/T) pigs exhibited enhanced expression of IGF2,increased lean meat by 18%-36%,enlarged loin muscle area by 3%-17%,improved intramuscular fat(IMF) content by 18%-39%,marbling score by 0.75-1,meat color score by 0.53-1.25,and reduced backfat thickness by 5%-16%.The enhanced accumulation of intramuscular fat in IGF2^(C/T) pigs was identified to be regulated by the PI3K-AKT/AMPK pathway,which activated SREBP1 to promote adipogenesis.Conclusions We demonstrated the introduction of IGF2-intron3-C3071T in Chinese LGSS can improve both meat production and quality,and first identified the regulation of IMF deposition by IGF2 through SREBP1 via the PI3KAKT/AMPK signaling pathways.Our study provides a further understanding of the biological functions of IGF2and an example for improving porcine economic traits through precise base editing.

基于Cruise的混合动力汽车动力系统参数匹配

文章以某款混合动力汽车为研究对象,确定整车性能目标,根据车辆具体参数对发动机、电机、电池等动力系统主要部件参数进行计算与选型,设计了电控机械式自动变速器(AMT)和机械式无级变速器(CVT)两种传动方案;在Cruise软件中构建仿真模型,测试最高车速、加速度、爬坡度等动力性指标;使用新欧洲驾驶循环(NEDC)工况进行经济性仿真对比测试不同传动方案对油耗的影响。仿真结果表明,整车动力性满足要求,动力系统参数选择合理,CVT传动方案发动机运行效率更高。

基于Cruise的燃料电池重卡动力性仿真

以太原市某汽车生产企业的4×2型氢燃料电池重卡作为研究对象,针对其整车动力系统展开研究。首先,对氢燃料电池重卡的动力系统结构进行研究;其次,对氢燃料电池重卡动力系统的结构形式进行综合分析,选择燃料电池与动力蓄电池混合驱动的动力系统结构,并对氢燃料电池重卡进行动力系统部件的选型和参数确定;最后,通过AVL Cruise建立氢燃料电池重卡整车模型,对整车模型中的各模块进行参数设置,并对氢燃料电池重卡进行整车动力性测试。结果表明,氢燃料电池重卡整车动力性良好,为后续进一步对动力系统优化提供了参考。

基于CRUISE的设施农业电动拖拉机仿真分析

利用CRUISE软件建立面向设施农业的电动拖拉机仿真模型并对仿真模型各组成部分进行参数设置。设置电动拖拉机最大牵引力、最大爬坡度、最高车速及加速时间仿真任务,并通过分析电动拖拉机仿真工况绘制电池组SOC曲线计算整车续航时间。仿真结果对项目后期样车生产具有理论指导作用,对设计的电动拖拉机进行了参数匹配,证明其具有可行性,并通过对电动拖拉机仿真结果的分析可以看出所设计的整车参数及各部件的参数匹配均合理正确,达到设计要求。

A Study on the Factors Influencing Value-Added in the Cruise Ship Value Chain Based on the DEMATEL-ISM Model

Cruise value chain is to take the exchange of cruise products and services as the core in a certain spatial scope,and enterprises with core advantages within or between different industries establish associations in accordance with certain technical and economic conditions,so as to realise the multi-dimensional extension and value appreciation of the cruise value chain in the vertical and horizontal links,and ultimately establish a chain-network type of enterprise strategic alliance.This paper tries to analyse the value-added factors of the cruise industry chain by constructing a multi-level hierarchical structural model with reference to the influencing factor analysis methods of relevant literature-DEMATEL(Decision Making Experiment and Evaluation Experiment)and ISM(Interpretative Structural Model).The study shows that the innovation and scale value-added module in the upstream of the cruise industry chain is the core module of value-added of the whole cruise industry chain,and the value-added mainly originates from the design and manufacturing of cruise ships.The middle reaches of the cruise industry chain are mainly cruise operation enterprises,and the specificity of cruise operation determines that its brand value-added is mainly accomplished through the global layout of multinational corporations,and the cruise brand is able to drive the consumption demand and has value-added ability.The downstream value-added of the cruise industry chain is mainly realised through the increase in profits of cruise tourism service products.

Evolving patterns of agricultural production space in China:A network-based approach

The agricultural production space,as where and how much each agricultural product grows,plays a vital role in meeting the increasing and diverse food demands.Previous studies on agricultural production patterns have predominantly centered on individual or specific crop types,using methods such as remote sensing or statistical metrological analysis.In this study,we characterize the agricultural production space(APS)by bipartite network connecting agricultural products and provinces,to reveal the relatedness between diverse agricultural products and the spatiotemporal characteristic of provincial production capabilities in China.The results show that core products are cereal,pork,melon,and pome fruit;meanwhile the milk,grape,and fiber crop show an upward trend in centrality,which is in line with diet structure changes in China over the past decades.The little changes in community components and structures of agricultural products and provinces reveal that agricultural production patterns in China are relatively stable.Additionally,identified provincial communities closely resemble China's agricultural natural zones.Furthermore,the observed growth in production capabilities in North and Northeast China implies their potential focus areas for future agricultural production.Despite the superior production capa-bilities of southern provinces,recent years have witnessed a notable decline,warranting special attentions.The findings provide a comprehensive perspective for understanding the complex relationship of agricultural prod-ucts'relatedness,production capabilities and production patterns,which serve as a reference for the agricultural spatial optimization and agricultural sustainable development.

Optimization of Gas Production from Hydrate-Bearing Sediments with Fluctuation Characteristics

As an important source of low-carbon,clean fossil energy,natural gas hydrate plays an important role in improving the global energy consumption structure.Developing the hydrate industry in the South China Sea is important to achieving‘carbon peak and carbon neutrality’goals as soon as possible.Deep-water areas subjected to the action of long-term stress and tectonic movement have developed complex and volatile terrains,and as such,the morphologies of hydrate-bearing sediments(HBSs)fluctuate correspondingly.The key to numerically simulating HBS morphologies is the establishment of the conceptual model,which represents the objective and real description of the actual geological body.However,current numerical simulation models have characterized HBSs into horizontal strata without considering the fluctuation characteristics.Simply representing the HBS as a horizontal element reduces simulation accuracy.Therefore,the commonly used horizontal HBS model and a model considering the HBS’s fluctuation characteristics with the data of the SH2 site in the Shenhu Sea area were first constructed in this paper.Then,their production behaviors were compared,and the huge impact of the fluctuation characteristics on HBS production was determined.On this basis,the key parameters affecting the depressurization production of the fluctuating HBSs were studied and optimized.The research results show that the fluctuation characteristics have an obvious influence on the hydrate production of HBSs by affecting their temperatures and pressure distributions,as well as the transmission of the pressure drop and methane gas discharge.Furthermore,the results show that the gas productivity of fluctuating HBSs was about 5%less than that of horizontal HBSs.By optimizing the depressurization amplitude,well length,and layout location of vertical wells,the productivity of fluctuating HBSs increased by about 56.6%.

Influence of Production Factors on the Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Fermented Cassava Dough and Sensory Evaluation of Attieke

Attieke is an Ivorian semolina which obtained by fermenting, pressing and steaming cassava dough. Attieke production remains a traditional activity carried out by less literate women. However, perceived differences in measurable factors and attieke qualities require an investigation of their influence on the characteristics of the pressed dough and attieke. The aim of this study is to improve the quality of the dough in relation to that of the attieke produced. The experiment was carried out on 4 production factors, namely the type of boiled or braised ferment, the incorporation rate of the ferment between 8 and 10%, the addition of oil from 0.1 to 1% and the fermentation time from 12 to 15 hours applied to the Improved African Cassava (IAC) variety. A complete experiment design of 16 samples of fermented dough and attieke was employed. These samples underwent physic-chemical analyses for the fermented dough and sensory evaluation for the attieke. It was found that, except for titratable acidity, reducing sugar content and ash content, the physico-chemical characteristics of the dough of IAC variety were significantly influenced by all production factors and their interaction. Fermentation time significantly influences 60% of the physico-chemical characteristics of the fermented dough. The type of ferment, the oil addition and the ferment rate have a significant influence at 40% of these characteristics. At the sensory level, color, acidity and grain binding with an explained variance of 34.60% were essential for the appreciation of the attieke samples. Thus, these production factors could be considered for the improvement of the fermented dough and attieke production process.

Short Communication: Enhancing the Drying Process of Microbial-Based Products with a Dehumidifier

The development of microbial-based products requires certain criteria for them to be successfully commercialized. The product must meet the following desirable criteria: effectiveness, contamination free, stability, cost-effectiveness, and a prolonged shelf life. Controlling the drying process is crucial for ensuring the stability and durability of the product. The traditional approach, which involved mechanical and natural drying, led to decreased productivity and quality. The objective of this research endeavour was to achieve a dry process enhancement while preserving the microbial quality of Trichoderma asperellum (M103). The temperature and relative humidity during the drying period were monitored under two conditions: with and without a dehumidifier. The results demonstrate that the dehumidifier increases drying period efficiency by up to 63%.

Euler Product Expressions of Absolute Tensor Products of Dirichlet L-Functions

In this paper, we calculate the absolute tensor square of the Dirichlet L-functions and show that it is expressed as an Euler product over pairs of primes. The method is to construct an equation to link primes to a series which has the factors of the absolute tensor product of the Dirichlet L-functions. This study is a generalization of Akatsuka’s theorem on the Riemann zeta function, and gives a proof of Kurokawa’s prediction proposed in 1992.

Gas-Water Production of a Continental Tight-Sandstone Gas Reservoir under Different Fracturing Conditions

A numerical model of hydraulic fracture propagation is introduced for a representative reservoir(Yuanba continental tight sandstone gas reservoir in Northeast Sichuan).Different parameters are considered,i.e.,the interlayer stress difference,the fracturing discharge rate and the fracturing fluid viscosity.The results show that these factors affect the gas and water production by influencing the fracture size.The interlayer stress difference can effectively control the fracture height.The greater the stress difference,the smaller the dimensionless reconstruction volume of the reservoir,while the flowback rate and gas production are lower.A large displacement fracturing construction increases the fracture-forming efficiency and expands the fracture size.The larger the displacement of fracturing construction,the larger the dimensionless reconstruction volume of the reservoir,and the higher the fracture-forming efficiency of fracturing fluid,the flowback rate,and the gas production.Low viscosity fracturing fluid is suitable for long fractures,while high viscosity fracturing fluid is suitable for wide fractures.With an increase in the fracturing fluid viscosity,the dimensionless reconstruction volume and flowback rate of the reservoir display a non-monotonic behavior,however,their changes are relatively small.

A new production component method for natural gas development planning

Based on an analysis of the limitations of conventional production component methods for natural gas development planning,this study proposes a new one that uses life cycle models for the trend fitting and prediction of production.In this new method,the annual production of old and new wells is predicted by year first and then is summed up to yield the production for the planning period.It shows that the changes in the production of old wells in old blocks can be fitted and predicted using the vapor pressure model(VPM),with precision of 80%e95%,which is 6.6%e13.2%higher than that of other life cycle models.Furthermore,a new production prediction process and method for new wells have been established based on this life cycle model to predict the production of medium-to-shallow gas reservoirs in western Sichuan Basin,with predication error of production rate in 2021 and 2022 being 6%and 3%respectively.The new method can be used to guide the medium-and long-term planning or annual scheme preparation for gas development.It is also applicable to planning for large single gas blocks that require continuous infill drilling and adjustment to improve gas recovery.

Alternate cotton-peanut intercropping:a new approach to increasing productivity and minimizing environmental impact

Recent publications have highlighted the development of an alternate cotton-peanut intercropping as a novel strat-egy to enhance agricultural productivity.In this article,we provide an overview of the progress made in the alternate cotton-peanut intercropping,specifically focusing on its yield benefits,environmental impacts,and the underlying mechanisms.In addition,we advocate for future investigations into the selection or development of appropriate crop varieties and agricultural equipment,pest management options,and the mechanisms of root-canopy interactions.This review is intended to provide a valuable reference for understanding and adopting an alternate intercropping system for sustainable cotton production.