The Effect of Social Responsibility Report Audit on the Quality of CSR Information Disclosure --Empirical Data from Chinese Listed Companies

As an important corporate govemance mechanism, external audit helps to improve corporate economic performance. Social responsibility report audit can supervise and constrain the disclosure of corporate social responsibility information, risk assessment and consulting planning, and improve the quality of information disclosure. Taking 2010-2013 listed companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen as samples for empirical test, we found that social responsibility report audit significantly improved the quality of corporate social responsibility information disclosure. Further study found that the greater the intensity of corporate shareholder oversight, social responsibility report audit on the quality of social responsibility to promote the quality of information disclosure more obvious. In addition, compared with the state-owned enterprises, the supervision of the major shareholders in the private enterprises to a greater extent enhanced the quality of social responsibility information disclosure.

Responsiveness and minimal clinically important difference of the Chinese version of the Low Vision Quality of Life Questionnaire after cataract surgery

AIM: To investigate the Chinese version of the Low Vision Quality of Life Questionnaire(CLVQOL) as an instrument for obtaining clinically important changes after cataract surgery.METHODS: Patients underwent cataract surgery in Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, who fit the inclusion criteria were recruited. Two CLVQOLs were administered, including a preoperative CLVQOL and a CLVQOL at the end of the 3 mo follow-up period, and were completed using face-to-face interviews or phone interviews conducted by trained investigators. The minimal clinically important difference(MCID) was calculated using an anchor-based method and a distribution method. In addition, the responsiveness of the questionnaire was measured.RESULTS: A total of 155 residents were enrolled. The average visual acuity(VA) preoperatively was 0.08(SD=0.05), and it increased to 0.47(SD=0.28) at the end of followup. Statistically significant positive changes in the CLVQOL scores indicated significant improvement of vision related quality of life after cataract surgery. With the larger value between the two results as the final value, the MCID values of the CLVQOL(scores of the four scales as well as the total score) were 8.94, 2.61, 4.34, 3.10 and 17.63, respectively. The CLVQOL has both good internal and external responsiveness.CONCLUSION: CLVQOL scores are appropriate instruments for obtaining clinically important changes after cataract surgery. This study is an effective exploration for establishingcataract surgery efficacy standards, which helps clinical and scientific research workers in ophthalmology to gain a more in-depth understanding when using CLVQOL.

Effects of dietary phosphorous supplementation on laying performance,egg quality,bone health and immune responses of laying hens challenged with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide

Background: Phosphorus is an essential nutrient to maintain poultry health and performance. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of dietary phosphorus levels on egg production, egg quality, bone health, immune responses of laying hens challenged with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide.Methods: Three hundred laying hens at 28 wk were randomly divided into 2 dietary treatments with 10 replicates of 15 birds. The wheat-soybean based diets contained either 0.12% or 0.4% non-phytate phosphorus(NPP). At 32 wk of age, all the birds of each dietary treatment were injected into the abdomen with 1.5 mg/kg body weight(BW) of either LPS or saline once a day at 24-h intervals for continuous 9 d. The performance of laying hens was evaluated for 9 d. The eggs after the fifth injection were collected to value the egg quality. Three hours after the first injection, blood was collected to measure serum metabolite and immune response associated parameters.Three hours after the fifth injection, the hens were euthanized to obtain tibia, cecal tonsils and jejunum.Results: Compared with saline-injected hens, LPS-injected hens had lower feed intake and egg production(P < 0.05).Eggshell thickness, strength, albumin height and Haugh unit were significantly increased in LPS-injected hens compared with saline-injected hens(P < 0.05). Furthermore, laying hens challenged with LPS had lower villious height/crypt depth ration than those received saline. Serum calcium, phosphorus and SOD activities significantly decreased in the LPS-injected hens compared with the control(P < 0.05). LPS up-regulated expression of IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-10 in cecum, and serum concentration of MDA, IL-1β and IL-6(P < 0.05), whereas 0.40% dietary non-phytate phosphorus supplementation significantly increased(P < 0.05) villi height/crypt depth ratio, decreased(P < 0.05) serum MDA and IFN-γ concentration compared with the 0.12% non-phytate phosphorus group.Conclusion: In summary, this study demonstrates that 0.40% dietary non-phytate phosphorus supplementation significantly increased calcium and phosphorus levels of eggshell, increased villi height/crypt depth ratio, decreased serum MDA and IFN-γ concentration compared with the 0.12% non-phytate phosphorus groups. The results indicate that high level of dietary non-phytate phosphorus exerts a potential effect in alleviating systemic inflammation of LPSchallenged laying hens.

Results and analysis:a pilot study on quality of life of soldiers in the first response army

Objective： To explore the fundamental theory, methods and data of the quality of life （QOL） of soldiers and its influence factors in the first response army. Methods： Totally 215 soldiers in the first response army of a military area in China were inquired by using self-regulating questionnaire and WHOQOL-BREF （Chinese Edition）. Resalts： WHOQOL-BREF had good acceptability, reliability and validity in the first response army. QOL of soldiers in the first response army was middling. The influencing factors of QOL of the soldiers in first army includes self-report health, different areas where the army men come from, different arms of services, whether only child in family. And the difference was statistically significant. Conclusion： WHOQOL-BREF is fit for evaluating the quality of life of soldiers in the first response army. There are differences of the quality of life among the soldiers in the first response army. So we should take appropriate measures to improve the soldiers＇ quality of life.

The Effects of Community Responsibility on the Long-Term Performance of Small Grocery Store Industry in Thailand

This research currently investigates the severe situation of fierce competition for traditional small grocery stores in grocery retailing industry and the studies of corporate social responsibility （CSR） of small grocery retailing shops in Thailand. There are gaps in literatures： （1） Most of the researches try to study CSR for small- and medium-size enterprises （SMEs） business related to general society. Thus, no paper has studied CSR for a specific community, where the small grocery stores are located; and （2） Papers studying the relationship of marketing as the successful strategy for small grocery stores in competing among grocery retailing industry are scarce. Therefore, the author proposes a new variable---community responsibility and the model of the effects of community responsibility on the long-term performance, in order to reduce the serious problem. By testing the model with the survey data, the author finds that the effects of community responsibility of grocery stores （product） on the long-term relationship are strongly and positively significant. While the effects of community responsibility of grocery stores （environment） on the long-term relationship are not significant.

Optimization of Blanching Time, Sodium Metabisulphite （Na2S205） Concentration and Processing Time on Vitamin C Content, Microbial Quality and Sensory Characteristics during Canning of Green Pepper （Capsicum sinensis） Using Response Surface Methodology

Response surface methodology and central composite rotatable design （CCRD） for K = 3 were used to investigate the combined effect of blanching time （0-1 min）, processing time （10-30 min） and sodium metabisulphite （Na2S205） salt concentration （0%-2%） on vitamin C content, hardness （texture）, microbial count and color intensity of green pepper （Capsicum sinensis） during canning. Blanching, processing time and sodium metabisulphite （Na2S205） salt concentration all had variable effects on the vitamin C, microbial quality and sensory characteristics of the canned green peppers. Significant （P 〈 0.05） interactions were noted between all the factors with high regression coefficients （78.7%-97.0%）. Increasing processing time caused significant decreases in vitamin C and microbial load of the product. However, salt concentration had only marginal and insignificant effect on the vitamin C content of the canned product. Sensory evaluation on the product showed that both the pre-processing conditions and of blanching and salt concentrations, and the processing time had varied effects on the color and hardness of the products. Hardness of the canned products generally decreased with increasing processing time and blanching time, while only minimal and insignificant effects were noted with blanching time. Increasing blanching time caused significant increasing retention of the dark green color of the peppers with only slight but insignificant increases noted with processing time, while increases in salt concentration consistently reduced the dark green color of the products. The optimum pre-processing and processing conditions that yielded products with high preference and consumer-acceptability were： blanching time of 0 min, processing time of 10 min and sodium metabisulphite concentration of 0.2%.

Approach Based on Response-Surface Method to Optimize Lining of Dies Used in 3D Free-Bending Forming Technology

In three-dimensional free-bending forming(3D-FBF),the tube is not overly constrained,and the plastic deformation behavior and forming quality of the bent tube are significantly affected by the critical structure of the forming die lining.However,the effects of die-lining structural parameters on the tube quality,and a method to determine the combination of die-lining structural parameters is yet to be devised.This study aims to propose a new framework that allows one to understand the effects of various die-lining structural parameters on tube quality and to propose the best combination of die-lining structural parameters.First,finite-element modeling is performed to simulate 3D-FBF and examine the effects of individual die-lining structures on the quality of tube formation.The simulation results show that the deformation-zone length and die gap are positively correlated with the tube-section distortion and wall-thickness variation,whereas it shows an opposite trend with respect to the bending radius.Additionally,the lining chamfer radius of the bending die and the guide lining chamfer radius minimally affect the tube forming quality.Subsequently,the optimal die-lining structure is obtained using the response-surface method.The tube cross-sectional distortion rate reduced from 2.73 to 2.53%after the die lining is optimized.Additionally,the average inner-wall thickness reduced to 1.06 mm,whereas the average outer-wall thickness increased to 0.97 mm.This paper proposes a method for optimizing the forming-die-lining mechanism and for improving the tube forming quality in 3D-FBF.

Envita’s Precision Cancer Care: 35-Fold Improvement in Response Rates

New clinical approaches are imperative beyond the widely adopted National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines, utilized by prominent cancer institutions. Cancer is the leading cause of death among individuals younger than 85 years within the United States. Despite significant technological advances, including the expenditure of hundreds of billions, treatment outcomes and overall survival have not notably improved for most types of advanced cancer over the last several decades. Over the past 24 years, Envita Medical Centers has pioneered a unique form of personalized treatment approach for late-stage and refractory cancer patients, introducing groundbreaking innovations in the field. Our integrated algorithm utilizes advanced genomics, transcriptomics, and highly tailored immunotherapy, resulting in remarkable outcome improvements. This study presents Envita’s innovative personalized treatment algorithms and examines the response outcomes of 199 late-stage cancer patients treated at Envita Medical Centers over a two-year period. Compared to standard of care and palliative chemotherapy, Envita’s treatment demonstrated a remarkable 35-fold improvement in overall response rates (Figure 1). Moreover, 88% of the patients, the majority presenting with Stage 3 or 4 cancer, experienced a 43-fold improvement in quality of life with minimal side effects, as compared to standard of care chemotherapy and palliative care. This revolutionary success is attributed to Envita’s personalized therapeutic algorithms, which incorporate customized immunotherapy. Envita’s precision care approach has also achieved a 100% better response rate compared to over 65 global chemotherapy clinical trials with more than 2700 patients. The results from this study suggest that a wider utilization of Envita’s personalized approach can significantly benefit patients with late-stage and refractory cancer.

Regulation and function of endoplasmic reticulum autophagy in neurodegenerative diseases

The endoplasmic reticulum,a key cellular organelle,regulates a wide variety of cellular activities.Endoplasmic reticulum autophagy,one of the quality control systems of the endoplasmic reticulum,plays a pivotal role in maintaining endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis by controlling endoplasmic reticulum turnover,remodeling,and proteostasis.In this review,we briefly describe the endoplasmic reticulum quality control system,and subsequently focus on the role of endoplasmic reticulum autophagy,emphasizing the spatial and temporal mechanisms underlying the regulation of endoplasmic reticulum autophagy according to cellular requirements.We also summarize the evidence relating to how defective or abnormal endoplasmic reticulum autophagy contributes to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases.In summary,this review highlights the mechanisms associated with the regulation of endoplasmic reticulum autophagy and how they influence the pathophysiology of degenerative nerve disorders.This review would help researchers to understand the roles and regulatory mechanisms of endoplasmic reticulum-phagy in neurodegenerative disorders.

二维码识别技术联合和谐护理理论应用于胃癌术后患者的影响

目的分析二维码识别技术联合和谐护理理论应用于胃癌术后患者的影响。方法选取2022年6月至2023年6月于安阳市肿瘤医院收治的80例胃癌术后患者,随机分为对照组、观察组,各40例。给予对照组和谐护理理论护理,观察组患者在对照组基础上行给予二维码识别技术。评估两组患者睡眠情况(PSQI)、生活质量(QLQ-ST022)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS);疼痛程度(VAS);对比患者服药依从性(MMAS-8)、护理依从性评分(GAS)以及临床疗效。结果护理后两组PSQI评分均降低,且观察组患者各项PSQI评分低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);护理后两组QLQ-ST022评分均降低,且观察组患者各项QLQ-ST022评分低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);护理后两组SAS、SDS评分均降低,且观察组患者SAS、SDS评分低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);护理后两组VAS评分均降低,MMAS-8、GAS评分均升高,且观察组患者VAS评分低于对照组,MMAS-8、GAS评分高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组治疗有效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论通过二维码识别技术联合和谐护理理论联合方案进行护理,能够减轻患者的疼痛程度及负面情绪,提升患者生活质量及睡眠质量。

静默疗法对经皮冠状动脉介入术患者心理应激反应及睡眠障碍的影响

目的评价静默疗法在经皮冠状动脉介入(PCI)术患者中的应用效果。方法选择2023年1月至2024年3月本院收住入院接受PCI术的100例患者为研究对象。对照组接受PCI术后常规护理,观察组在对照组的基础上采用静默疗法。两组患者干预周期均为4周,干预前后采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)调查患者心理应激反应程度及睡眠质量。结果干预前两组患者SAS、SDS、PSQI得分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后观察组SAS、SDS、PSQI得分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论将静默疗法应用于PCI术患者中,能降低患者心理应激反应程度及改善睡眠质量,建议护理人员积极推广应用。

牦牛肉膨化薯片配方工艺优化及其食用品质分析

本研究旨在探究牦牛肉膨化薯片的最佳工艺配方,考察牦牛肉添加量、青稞粉添加量、大豆分离蛋白添加量对薯片感官评分、硬度、酥性和脆性的影响。通过单因素试验结合响应面方差分析优化其最佳工艺配方,并对成品薯片进行电子舌味觉分析、理化指标、微生物指标及营养成分检测。研究结果表明,各因素对薯片的影响顺序为大豆分离蛋白添加量>牦牛肉添加量>青稞粉添加量,最佳工艺参数为牦牛肉添加量20%、青稞粉添加量5%、大豆分离蛋白添加量13%。此时薯片品质最佳,实际感官评分为96.7。成品薯片具有良好的食用品质,薯片色泽金黄,兼具牦牛肉和青稞粉的香气,组织形态完整,口感酥脆,味觉方面具有明显的鲜味、咸味和苦味,蛋白质含量为27 g/100 g(45%营养素参考值NRV)≥20%NRV,满足高蛋白食品的声称要求,其他营养成分指标均属于正常范畴,理化指标及微生物指标均符合国家标准。

Impacts of nighttime post-anthesis warming on rice productivity and grain quality in East China

The impacts of nighttime post-anthesis warming on rice productivity and grain quality in East China were evaluated for two cultivars, II You 128, an indica rice, and Wuyunjing 7, a japonica rice. Warming by 3.0 °C stimulated the nighttime respiration rate and decreased the photosynthesis rate, resulting in significant decreases of 21.2% and 24.9% in aboveground biomass accumulation for II You 128 and Wuyunjing 7, respectively. Warming significantly reduced the rates of seed setting and grain filling, especially of inferior kernels(those lower in panicles), while the filling rate of superior kernels remained almost unchanged. As a result, 1000-grain weight and grain yield were respectively 3.7% and 30.0% lower for II You 128 and 12.8% and 34.3% for Wuyunjing 7 in warmed plots than in the unwarmed control. Nighttime warming also significantly reduced the grain milling and appearance quality of both varieties. More negative effects of warming on inferior than on superior kernels were found. The above results have important implications for rice variety cultivation in East China.

Quality Control on Crimping of Large Diameter Welding Pipe

Crimping is used in production of large diameter submerged-arc welding pipes. Many researches are focused on crimping in certain manufacturing mode of welding pipe. The application scopes of research achievements become limited due to lack of uniformity in theoretical analysis. In order to propose a crimping prediction method in order to control forming quality, the theory model of crimping based on elastic-plastic mechanics is established. The main technical parameters are determined by theoretical analysis, including length of crimping, base radius of punch, terminal angle of punch, base radius of die, terminal angle of die and horizontal distance between punch and die. In addition, a method used to evaluate the forming quality is presented, which investigates the bending angle after springback, forming force, straight edge length and equivalent radius of curvature. In order to investigate the effects of technical parameters on forming quality, a two-dimensional finite element model is established by finite element software ABAQUS. The finite element model is verified in that its shapes error is less than 5% by comparable experiments, which shows that their geometric precision meets demand. The crimping characteristics is obtained, such as the distribution of stress and strain and the changes of forming force, and the relation curves of technical parameters on forming quality are given by simulation analysis. The sensitivity analysis indicates that the effects of length of crimping, technical parameters of punch on forming quality are significant. In particular, the data from simulation analysis are regressed by response surface method （RSM） to establish prediction model. The feasible technical parameters are obtained from the prediction model. This method presented provides a new thought used to design technical parameters of crimping forming and makes a basis for improving crimping forming quality.

The Life of a Protein Molecule——Protein Quality Control

The research progress in molecular chaperones, unfolded protein response （UPR） and ER-associated degradation （ERAD） involved in the protein quality control was summarized in this paper, and then the existing problems and the future devel- opment prospect were also discussed. It was pointed out that the life process of protein experienced four stages including synthesizing, folding, assembling and degradation, while each stage required strict quality control. In endoplasmic reticulum （ER）, a variety of proteins had been synthesized, folded and modified to form func- tional proteins with certain conformation. When the folding was blocked in ER, the unfolded proteins would aggregate and induce the UPR, which up-regulated the level of modification enzymes folded by a series of molecular chaperones and proteins to help them accomplish folding and assembling. If these proteins were still folded incorrectly, they would enter into ERAD for being degraded.

Prediction of Apple Fruit Quality by Soil Nutrient Content and Artificial Neural Network

The effect of soil nutrient content on fruit yield and fruit quality is very important.To explore the effect of soil nutrients on apple quality we investigated 200 fruit samples from 40 orchards in Feng County,Jiangsu Province.Soil mineral elements and fruit quality were measured.The effect of soil nutrient content on fruit quality was analyzed by artificial neural network(ANN)model.The results showed that the prediction accuracy was highest(R2=0.851,0.847,0.885,0.678 and 0.746)in mass per fruit(MPF),hardness(HB),soluble solids concentrations(SSC),titratable acid concentration(TA)and solid-acid ratio(SSC/TA),respectively.The sensitivity analysis of the prediction model showed that soil available P,K,Ca and Mg contents had the greatest impact on the quality of apple fruit.Response surface method(RSM)was performed to determine the optimum range of the available P,K,Ca,and Mg contents in orchards In Feng County,which were 10∼20 mg⋅kg^(−1),170∼200 mg⋅kg^(−1),1000∼1500 mg⋅kg^(−1),and 80∼200 mg⋅kg^(−1),respectively.The research also concluded that improving the content of available P and available Ca in orchard soil was crucial to improve apple fruit quality in Feng County,Jiangsu Province.

Energy Dependence of the New Gafchromic EBT3 Film:Dose Response Curves for 50 KV, 6 and 15 MV X-Ray Beams

Purpose: To study and compare the dose response curves of the new GafChromic EBT3 film for megavoltage and kilovoltage x-ray beams, with different spatial resolutions. Methods: EBT3 films (lot#A101711-02) were exposed to each x-ray beam (6 MV, 15 MV, and 50 kV) at 7 dose values (50-3200 cGy). Each film piece was scanned three consecutive times in the center of Epson 10000XL flatbed scanner in 48-bit color at two separate spatial resolutions of 75 and 300 dpi. The data were analyzed using ImageJ and, for each scanned image, a region of interest (ROI) of 2 × 2 cm2 at the field center was selected to obtain the mean pixel value with its standard deviation in the ROI. For each energy, dose value and spatial resolution, the average net optical density (netOD) and its associated uncertainty were determined. The Student’s t-test was performed to evaluate the statistical differences between the net OD/dose values of the three energy modalities, with different color channels and spatial resolutions. Results and Discussion: The dose response curves for the three energy modalities were compared in three color channels. Weak energy dependence was found. For doses above 100 cGy, no statistical differences were observed between 6 and 15 MV beams, regardless of spatial resolution and color channel. However, statistical differences were observed between 50 kV and the megavoltage beams. The degree of energy dependence (from MV to 50 kV) was found to be a function of color channel, dose level, and spatial resolution. Conclusions: The dose response curves for GafChromic EBT3 films were found to be weakly dependent on the energy of the photon beams from 6 MV to 15 MV. For very low energy photon (e.g. 50 kV), variation of more than 11% due to the energy-dependence is observed, depending on the absorbed dose, spatial resolution and color channel used.

Prediction and Analysis of Surface Quality of Northeast China Ash Wood during Water-Jet Assisted CO_(2) Laser Cutting

As a natural and environmentally friendly renewable material,Northeast China ash wood(NCAW)(Fraxinus mandshurica Rupr.)was cut by water-jet assisted CO_(2) laser(WACL),the surface quality was evaluated by surface roughness of cut section.The surface roughness was measured by three-dimensional(3D)profilometry.Furthermore,the micromorphology of machined surface was observed by scanning electronic microscopy(SEM).Carbon content changes of machined surface were measured by energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS).A relationship between surface roughness and cutting parameters was established using response surface methodology(RSM).It is concluded that the cutting speed,laser power and water pressure played an important role in surface roughness of cut section.The surface roughness increased as an increase in laser power.It decreased caused by increasing of cutting speed and water pressure.Measurements revealed that the surface quality of NCAW part was improved using the optimized combination of cutting parameters.The established quadratic mathematical model of a good prediction is helpful for matching suitable cutting parameters to obtain expected surface quality.

Does Big 4 Affect the Earnings Response Coefficient （ERC）？ Evidence From Malaysia

This study examines the effect of audit quality （AQ） on the earnings response coefficient （ERC） based on a sample of 1,884 firm-year observations comprising 471 firms listed on the Bursa Malaysia from 2007 to 2010. This study tests whether AQ affects ERC after controlling the established determinants of ERC： beta, growth, earnings persistence, and size. Using reverse regression, the study confirms that Big 4 is significant and positive to ERC. Auditor switching from non-Big 4 to Big 4 indicates the same results; however, the switching of auditors among Big 4 is not significant. The study thus provides systematic and comprehensive additional evidence on the effect of AQ via the measurement of Big 4; and auditor switching from non-Big 4 to Big 4 and switching among Big 4 on ERC. This is an important contribution to the literature but especially so given that the evidence comes from Malaysia, an emerging economy, whereas the existing empirical literature relates mainly to the developed countries.

Study on the Inelastic Attenuation Coefficient,Site Response and Source Parameters in the Southeast Area of Gansu Province

Using digital seismograms recorded by the Gansu digital seismic network, the inelastic attenuation coefficient is calculated based on a genetic algorithm and the method proposed by Atkinson. Then, the site response and source parameters are investigated by the Moya method. The inversion results indicate the frequency-dependent inelastic attenuation, Q value, in the southeastern Gansu is estimated as Q （f） ： 404.2f^0.264 . Except for the Tianshui station, the site responses of the other stations do not show significant amplifications, which is consistent with their basement on rocks. The stress drops of all 39 earthquakes range between 1 × 10^5 and 7 × 10^6 Pa. We also found the dependence of corner frequency on seismic moment and seismic magnitude.