Our study aims to take a closer look at China's current information literacy(IL) program standards at secondary schools and to analyze their level of success and/or failures in a comparative way with those of the ...Our study aims to take a closer look at China's current information literacy(IL) program standards at secondary schools and to analyze their level of success and/or failures in a comparative way with those of the United States in terms of fulfilling their each other's mission-oriented mandates. Our research findings show that China's current IL standards of high schools contain a disproportionate emphasis on information technology(IT). Moreover, the stipulations of these IL standards are narrowly construed and without being solidly grounded on a broad and comprehensive educational perspective. We also suggest that there are two underlying causes for this set of unsound IL standards in China.Firstly, there is a lack of collaboration between two major competing forces engaged in the curricular development and research of IL in China: Those professionals in educational IT discipline vis-à-vis those in Library and Information Science. Secondly, library professionals have a very limited influence on major socio-cultural policies, even at their own institutions. As a result, this paper recommends the following three possible measures,which may help remedy this situation strategically: 1) Establishing a set of new IL curriculum standards based on an IL-centered educational perspective; 2) establishing a teacher-librarian's training program to promote school librarians' role in IL education; and 3) strengthening the research and development of an online IL education program and an accompanied evaluation mechanism.展开更多
针对导弹装备维修保障效能系统复杂庞大,指标间相互关联影响、数据信息获取困难且易丢失扭曲的现状,提出一种基于灰色—改进二元语义的方法对维修保障效能进行评估。该方法利用改进G1法和改进CRITIC(criteria importance though intercr...针对导弹装备维修保障效能系统复杂庞大,指标间相互关联影响、数据信息获取困难且易丢失扭曲的现状,提出一种基于灰色—改进二元语义的方法对维修保障效能进行评估。该方法利用改进G1法和改进CRITIC(criteria importance though intercrieria correlation)法分别得出主客观权重,依据最小信息鉴别法获取综合权重,利用灰色聚类分析法将定量数据转化为二元语义形式,运用改进二元语义将定性语言评估信息进行转化并对完整系统进行评估。获取的各指标权重更加科学合理,避免了信息的丢失扭曲,评估结果更加准确。该模型评估结果与实际情况基本相符,能真实科学反映导弹装备维修保障效能水平并可针对性查找薄弱环节,可为导弹装备维修保障系统的管理和完善提供依据。展开更多
Nowadays researchers working in various fields study the issues of argument. They represent different approaches which distinguish with theoretical and practical comprehension of argument problems. Informal study of a...Nowadays researchers working in various fields study the issues of argument. They represent different approaches which distinguish with theoretical and practical comprehension of argument problems. Informal study of argument is one of the approaches. The key reason of its appearance was the criticism of formal logic in the late 20th century. Researchers consider the argument from the different point of view. Formal dialectics and pragma-dialectics were based on dialectics. Contemporary rhetorical theories of argument were created on the rhetorical grounds; theory of speech acts on the basis of practical philosophy etc.. This paper is devoted to some theoretical problems of informal logic which was formed on the logic background in the late 70＇s. In spite of numerous papers, books, and text-books on informal logic published over the last thirty years, logicians has not achieved consensus so far on many issues. Among the numerous problems are： what is the subject matter of informal logic？ Does informal logic belong to the realm of logic？ Is it applied epistemology？ What is a real argument？ And what are the criteria for evaluating of such arguments？展开更多
文摘Our study aims to take a closer look at China's current information literacy(IL) program standards at secondary schools and to analyze their level of success and/or failures in a comparative way with those of the United States in terms of fulfilling their each other's mission-oriented mandates. Our research findings show that China's current IL standards of high schools contain a disproportionate emphasis on information technology(IT). Moreover, the stipulations of these IL standards are narrowly construed and without being solidly grounded on a broad and comprehensive educational perspective. We also suggest that there are two underlying causes for this set of unsound IL standards in China.Firstly, there is a lack of collaboration between two major competing forces engaged in the curricular development and research of IL in China: Those professionals in educational IT discipline vis-à-vis those in Library and Information Science. Secondly, library professionals have a very limited influence on major socio-cultural policies, even at their own institutions. As a result, this paper recommends the following three possible measures,which may help remedy this situation strategically: 1) Establishing a set of new IL curriculum standards based on an IL-centered educational perspective; 2) establishing a teacher-librarian's training program to promote school librarians' role in IL education; and 3) strengthening the research and development of an online IL education program and an accompanied evaluation mechanism.
文摘针对导弹装备维修保障效能系统复杂庞大,指标间相互关联影响、数据信息获取困难且易丢失扭曲的现状,提出一种基于灰色—改进二元语义的方法对维修保障效能进行评估。该方法利用改进G1法和改进CRITIC(criteria importance though intercrieria correlation)法分别得出主客观权重,依据最小信息鉴别法获取综合权重,利用灰色聚类分析法将定量数据转化为二元语义形式,运用改进二元语义将定性语言评估信息进行转化并对完整系统进行评估。获取的各指标权重更加科学合理,避免了信息的丢失扭曲,评估结果更加准确。该模型评估结果与实际情况基本相符,能真实科学反映导弹装备维修保障效能水平并可针对性查找薄弱环节,可为导弹装备维修保障系统的管理和完善提供依据。
文摘Nowadays researchers working in various fields study the issues of argument. They represent different approaches which distinguish with theoretical and practical comprehension of argument problems. Informal study of argument is one of the approaches. The key reason of its appearance was the criticism of formal logic in the late 20th century. Researchers consider the argument from the different point of view. Formal dialectics and pragma-dialectics were based on dialectics. Contemporary rhetorical theories of argument were created on the rhetorical grounds; theory of speech acts on the basis of practical philosophy etc.. This paper is devoted to some theoretical problems of informal logic which was formed on the logic background in the late 70＇s. In spite of numerous papers, books, and text-books on informal logic published over the last thirty years, logicians has not achieved consensus so far on many issues. Among the numerous problems are： what is the subject matter of informal logic？ Does informal logic belong to the realm of logic？ Is it applied epistemology？ What is a real argument？ And what are the criteria for evaluating of such arguments？
