Africans fought against fascism in World War Ⅱ.More than a million African soldiers were engaged in this war,some as volunteers while most of them were forcibly conscripted.They fought in Africa,the Middle East,Europ...Africans fought against fascism in World War Ⅱ.More than a million African soldiers were engaged in this war,some as volunteers while most of them were forcibly conscripted.They fought in Africa,the Middle East,Europe and the Far East.But there contribution remains unacknowledged by the British and French because of racism and epistemologies of ignorance.Indeed,the World War Two memories discourse largely remains Eurocentric and tends to diminish the role played by other parts of world,especially Africa,in the World's Anti-Fascist War.This reflects the enduring Western hegemony in framing the World War 2 memories and historical narrative.Indeed,African scholars should be more assertive and unapologetic in highlighting Africa's outstanding contributions to the World's Anti-Fascist War,human rights and world peace.The days of marginalizing Africa in world history and global affairs are over.African scholars need to send that message loud and clear to the rest of the world.Africans must tell their own story to the world,on their own terms,assertively and unapologetically.展开更多
The ignored curriculum is one of important elements in the curriculum that the design of this concept has led to reduce a superficial look at measures to curriculum. Ignored curriculum not only in the design but also ...The ignored curriculum is one of important elements in the curriculum that the design of this concept has led to reduce a superficial look at measures to curriculum. Ignored curriculum not only in the design but also should be considered at the implementation level. The present study examined the experiences of teachers in general education from ignored curriculum in higher education and this study was done by qualitative research and its approach was interpretive phenomenology. In this regard, semi-structured interviews were conducted with twenty-six teachers of general education courses and the data obtained from these interviews were analyzed by using phenomenology of Smith. Three major themes from ignored curriculum, were found from the experience of teachers including 1) lack of attention to requirements which consists of three sub-categories: in attention to the needs of the learner, the needs and demands of everyday life and the needs of experts;2) lack of attention to content;3) run into problems involving the four sub-problems of teaching, evaluation time, space and assessment. The teachers during the training and implementing courses have gained a lot of experience from the ignored curriculum that had impact on their perception. Planners are familiar with academics experiences and identify ignored curriculum of general education courses and emphasized on how they understand the main goals of general education courses and made it meaningful and they had a main role in eliminating the flaws of this course, and enhance the effectiveness of them. In summary, the results obtained from the study were that general education courses, do not address the needs of learners. These requirements include of three sub-categories: inattention to the needs of the learner, routine needs and professionals. Also, courses have less attention to content. And there are problems such as difficulties in teaching this lesson, time, space and evaluation.展开更多
The content-ignorant clustering method takes advantages in time complexity and space complexity than the content based methods.In this paper,the authors introduce a unified expanding method for content-ignorant web pa...The content-ignorant clustering method takes advantages in time complexity and space complexity than the content based methods.In this paper,the authors introduce a unified expanding method for content-ignorant web page clustering by mining the "click-through" log,which tries to solve the problem that the "click-through" log is sparse.The relationship between two nodes which have been expanded is also defined and optimized.Analysis and experiment show that the performance of the new method has improved,by the comparison with the standard content-ignorant method.The new method can also work without iterative clustering.展开更多
文摘Africans fought against fascism in World War Ⅱ.More than a million African soldiers were engaged in this war,some as volunteers while most of them were forcibly conscripted.They fought in Africa,the Middle East,Europe and the Far East.But there contribution remains unacknowledged by the British and French because of racism and epistemologies of ignorance.Indeed,the World War Two memories discourse largely remains Eurocentric and tends to diminish the role played by other parts of world,especially Africa,in the World's Anti-Fascist War.This reflects the enduring Western hegemony in framing the World War 2 memories and historical narrative.Indeed,African scholars should be more assertive and unapologetic in highlighting Africa's outstanding contributions to the World's Anti-Fascist War,human rights and world peace.The days of marginalizing Africa in world history and global affairs are over.African scholars need to send that message loud and clear to the rest of the world.Africans must tell their own story to the world,on their own terms,assertively and unapologetically.
文摘The ignored curriculum is one of important elements in the curriculum that the design of this concept has led to reduce a superficial look at measures to curriculum. Ignored curriculum not only in the design but also should be considered at the implementation level. The present study examined the experiences of teachers in general education from ignored curriculum in higher education and this study was done by qualitative research and its approach was interpretive phenomenology. In this regard, semi-structured interviews were conducted with twenty-six teachers of general education courses and the data obtained from these interviews were analyzed by using phenomenology of Smith. Three major themes from ignored curriculum, were found from the experience of teachers including 1) lack of attention to requirements which consists of three sub-categories: in attention to the needs of the learner, the needs and demands of everyday life and the needs of experts;2) lack of attention to content;3) run into problems involving the four sub-problems of teaching, evaluation time, space and assessment. The teachers during the training and implementing courses have gained a lot of experience from the ignored curriculum that had impact on their perception. Planners are familiar with academics experiences and identify ignored curriculum of general education courses and emphasized on how they understand the main goals of general education courses and made it meaningful and they had a main role in eliminating the flaws of this course, and enhance the effectiveness of them. In summary, the results obtained from the study were that general education courses, do not address the needs of learners. These requirements include of three sub-categories: inattention to the needs of the learner, routine needs and professionals. Also, courses have less attention to content. And there are problems such as difficulties in teaching this lesson, time, space and evaluation.
文摘The content-ignorant clustering method takes advantages in time complexity and space complexity than the content based methods.In this paper,the authors introduce a unified expanding method for content-ignorant web page clustering by mining the "click-through" log,which tries to solve the problem that the "click-through" log is sparse.The relationship between two nodes which have been expanded is also defined and optimized.Analysis and experiment show that the performance of the new method has improved,by the comparison with the standard content-ignorant method.The new method can also work without iterative clustering.