Lithium metal is considered as the ultimate anode material for the next generation of high-energy density batteries.However,non-uniform lithium dendrite growth,serious electrolyte consumption,and significant volume ch...Lithium metal is considered as the ultimate anode material for the next generation of high-energy density batteries.However,non-uniform lithium dendrite growth,serious electrolyte consumption,and significant volume changes during lithium deposition/stripping processes lead to sustained accumulation of inactive lithium and poor cycling reversibility.Quantifying the formation and evolution of inactive lithium under different conditions and fully evaluating the complex failure modes are the key issues in this challenging field.This article comprehensively reviews recent research progress on the quantification of formation and evolution of inactive lithium detected by different quantitative techniques in rechargeable lithium metal batteries.The key research challenges such as failure mechanism,modification strategies and operando characterization of lithium metal anodes are systematically summarized and prospected.This review provides a new angle of view to understand failure mechanism of lithium metal anodes and inspiration and guidance for the future development of rechargeable lithium metal batteries.展开更多
Background: Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common rheumatic disease in children. Both the humoral and cell mediated immunities are involved in the pathogenesis of JIA. It is reported that overall immu...Background: Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common rheumatic disease in children. Both the humoral and cell mediated immunities are involved in the pathogenesis of JIA. It is reported that overall immunoglobulin levels in JIA patients are significantly higher than their control during the active state of disease. Methodology: This prospective observational study was conducted over a period of 18 months All the newly diagnosed oligo-articular and poly-articular JIA patients having active disease were included by purposive sampling. Data were collected by a semi-structured predesigned questionnaire. Result: Most of the study subjects (57.6%) belonged to age group > 3 - 9 years. Oligo JIA was diagnosed in 66.7% and poly JIA in 33.3% of JIA children. The difference in mean (±SD) ESR (33.52 ± 21.29 and 15.09 ± 7.71 mm in 1st hour) at active and inactive states was highly significant. Mean (±SD) difference of IgG, IgM and IgA in active and inactive states of disease were highly significant. Conclusion: Higher and abnormal levels of immunoglobulin (IgG, IgM, and IgA) were present among JIA patients in active disease state which became normal during inactive disease state after treatment.展开更多
e抗原阴性慢性乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV)感染是世界范围内慢性乙型肝炎(chronic hepatitis B,CHB)的主要形式,其管理是世界公共卫生的重大负担。近年,对慢性HBV感染的进一步探索,使得CHB的管理更加精确。欧洲肝病学会提出将...e抗原阴性慢性乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV)感染是世界范围内慢性乙型肝炎(chronic hepatitis B,CHB)的主要形式,其管理是世界公共卫生的重大负担。近年,对慢性HBV感染的进一步探索,使得CHB的管理更加精确。欧洲肝病学会提出将CHB自然史分为以下5个阶段:HBeAg阳性HBV感染、HBeAg阳性慢性肝炎、HBeAg阴性HBV感染、HBeAg阴性慢性肝炎、HBeAg阴性HBV感染(隐匿性HBV感染),有相当比例的患者不属于以上任何一个分期,即不确定期。本文总结了关于e抗原阴性HBV感染的文献和指南,旨在帮助临床医师使用无创性工具(如乙肝表面抗原定量和弹性成像)评估HBeAg阴性非活动期与不确定期患者,并及时开始抗病毒治疗。展开更多
目的:评价γ-干扰素诱导蛋白10(IP-10)鉴别结核分枝杆菌不同感染状态的诊断效能.方法:检索Cochrane Library、PubMed、Web of Science、中国知网、维普、万方等数据库,检索自建库至2023年1月的相关文献,进行数据提取和质量评价,采用RevM...目的:评价γ-干扰素诱导蛋白10(IP-10)鉴别结核分枝杆菌不同感染状态的诊断效能.方法:检索Cochrane Library、PubMed、Web of Science、中国知网、维普、万方等数据库,检索自建库至2023年1月的相关文献,进行数据提取和质量评价,采用RevMan 5.3和Stata 17.0软件进行统计分析.结果:共纳入75篇文献,96项研究,共11116例患者.Meta分析结果为IP-10用于鉴别结核感染和非结核感染的合并敏感度为0.82(95%CI:0.79~0.84),特异度为0.87(95%CI:0.84~0.90),阳性似然比为6.40(95%CI:5.20~8.00),阴性似然比为0.21(95%CI:0.18~0.24),诊断比数比为31(95%CI:23~420),受试者工作曲线的曲线下面积为0.91(95%CI:0.88~0.93).结论:IP-10有助于鉴别结核不同感染状态,但最终确诊需要结合病史、症状等进行综合诊断.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China, Grant No. 2021YFB2401800
文摘Lithium metal is considered as the ultimate anode material for the next generation of high-energy density batteries.However,non-uniform lithium dendrite growth,serious electrolyte consumption,and significant volume changes during lithium deposition/stripping processes lead to sustained accumulation of inactive lithium and poor cycling reversibility.Quantifying the formation and evolution of inactive lithium under different conditions and fully evaluating the complex failure modes are the key issues in this challenging field.This article comprehensively reviews recent research progress on the quantification of formation and evolution of inactive lithium detected by different quantitative techniques in rechargeable lithium metal batteries.The key research challenges such as failure mechanism,modification strategies and operando characterization of lithium metal anodes are systematically summarized and prospected.This review provides a new angle of view to understand failure mechanism of lithium metal anodes and inspiration and guidance for the future development of rechargeable lithium metal batteries.
文摘Background: Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common rheumatic disease in children. Both the humoral and cell mediated immunities are involved in the pathogenesis of JIA. It is reported that overall immunoglobulin levels in JIA patients are significantly higher than their control during the active state of disease. Methodology: This prospective observational study was conducted over a period of 18 months All the newly diagnosed oligo-articular and poly-articular JIA patients having active disease were included by purposive sampling. Data were collected by a semi-structured predesigned questionnaire. Result: Most of the study subjects (57.6%) belonged to age group > 3 - 9 years. Oligo JIA was diagnosed in 66.7% and poly JIA in 33.3% of JIA children. The difference in mean (±SD) ESR (33.52 ± 21.29 and 15.09 ± 7.71 mm in 1st hour) at active and inactive states was highly significant. Mean (±SD) difference of IgG, IgM and IgA in active and inactive states of disease were highly significant. Conclusion: Higher and abnormal levels of immunoglobulin (IgG, IgM, and IgA) were present among JIA patients in active disease state which became normal during inactive disease state after treatment.
文摘e抗原阴性慢性乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV)感染是世界范围内慢性乙型肝炎(chronic hepatitis B,CHB)的主要形式,其管理是世界公共卫生的重大负担。近年,对慢性HBV感染的进一步探索,使得CHB的管理更加精确。欧洲肝病学会提出将CHB自然史分为以下5个阶段:HBeAg阳性HBV感染、HBeAg阳性慢性肝炎、HBeAg阴性HBV感染、HBeAg阴性慢性肝炎、HBeAg阴性HBV感染(隐匿性HBV感染),有相当比例的患者不属于以上任何一个分期,即不确定期。本文总结了关于e抗原阴性HBV感染的文献和指南,旨在帮助临床医师使用无创性工具(如乙肝表面抗原定量和弹性成像)评估HBeAg阴性非活动期与不确定期患者,并及时开始抗病毒治疗。
