Single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)is a novel technology that allows transcriptomic analyses of individual cells.During the past decade,scRNA-seq sensitivity,accuracy,and efficiency have improved due to innovations ...Single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)is a novel technology that allows transcriptomic analyses of individual cells.During the past decade,scRNA-seq sensitivity,accuracy,and efficiency have improved due to innovations including more sensitive,automated,and cost-effective single-cell isolation methods with higher throughput as well as ongoing technological development of scRNA-seq protocols.Among the variety of current approaches with distinct features,researchers can choose the most suitable method to carry out their research.By profiling single cells in a complex population mix,scRNA-seq presents great advantages over traditional sequencing methods in dissecting heterogeneity in cell populations hidden in bulk analysis and exploring rare cell types associated with tumorigenesis and metastasis.scRNA-seq studies in recent years in the field of breast cancer research have clustered breast cancer cell populations with different molecular subtypes to identify distinct populations that may correlate with poor prognosis and drug resistance.The technology has also been used to explain tumor microenvironment heterogeneity by identifying distinct immune cell subsets that may be associated with immunosurveillance and are potential immunotherapy targets.Moreover,scRNA-seq has diverse applications in breast cancer research besides exploring heterogeneity,including the analysis of cell-cell communications,regulatory single-cell states,immune cell distributions,and more.scRNA-seq is also a promising tool that can facilitate individualized therapy due to its ability to define cell subsets with potential treatment targets.Although scRNA-seq studies of therapeutic selection in breast cancer are currently limited,the application of this technology in this field is prospective.Joint efforts and original ideas are needed to better implement scRNA-seq technologies in breast cancer research to pave the way for individualized treatment management.This review provides a brief introduction on the currently available scRNA-seq approaches along with their corresponding strengths and weaknesses and may act as a reference for the selection of suitable methods for research.We also discuss the current applications of scRNA-seq in breast cancer research for tumor heterogeneity analysis,individualized therapy,and the other research directions mentioned above by reviewing corresponding published studies.Finally,we discuss the limitations of current scRNA-seq technologies and technical problems that remain to be overcome.展开更多
Results from UBVRI optical photometric observations of the pre-main se- quence star V350 Cep during the period 2004-2014 are presented. The star was dis- covered in 1977 due to its remarkable increase in brightness by...Results from UBVRI optical photometric observations of the pre-main se- quence star V350 Cep during the period 2004-2014 are presented. The star was dis- covered in 1977 due to its remarkable increase in brightness by more than 5 mag （R）. In previous studies, V350 Cep was considered to be a potential FUor or EXor eruptive variable. Our data suggest that during the period of observations the star maintains its maximum brightness with low amplitude photometric variations. Our conclusion is that V350 Cep was probably an intermediate object between FUors and EXors, similar to V1647 Ori.展开更多
Results from optical CCD photometric observations of 13 pre-main-sequence stars collected during the period from February 2007 to November 2020 are presented.These stars are located in the association Cepheus OB3,in t...Results from optical CCD photometric observations of 13 pre-main-sequence stars collected during the period from February 2007 to November 2020 are presented.These stars are located in the association Cepheus OB3,in the field of the young star V733 Cephei.Photometric observations,especially concerning the long-term variability of the stars,are missing in the literature.We present the first longterm V(RI)c monitoring for them,that cover 13 years.Results from our study indicate that all of the investigated stars manifest strong photometric variability.The presented paper is a part of our program for the photometric study of pre-main-sequence stars located in active star-forming regions.展开更多
Post-translational modification (PTM) increases the functional diversity of proteins by introducing new functional groups to the side chain of amino acid of a protein. Among all amino acid residues, the side chain of ...Post-translational modification (PTM) increases the functional diversity of proteins by introducing new functional groups to the side chain of amino acid of a protein. Among all amino acid residues, the side chain of lysine (K) can undergo many types of PTM, called K-PTM, such as “acetylation”, “crotonylation”, “methylation” and “succinylation” and also responsible for occurring multiple PTM in the same lysine of a protein which leads to the requirement of multi-label PTM site identification. However, most of the existing computational methods have been established to predict various single-label PTM sites and a very few have been developed to solve multi-label issue which needs further improvement. Here, we have developed a computational tool termed mLysPTMpred to predict multi-label lysine PTM sites by 1) incorporating the sequence-coupled information into the general pseudo amino acid composition, 2) balancing the effect of skewed training dataset by Different Error Cost method, and 3) constructing a multi-label predictor using a combination of support vector machine (SVM). This predictor achieved 83.73% accuracy in predicting the multi-label PTM site of K-PTM types. Moreover, all the experimental results along with accuracy outperformed than the existing predictor iPTM-mLys. A user-friendly web server of mLysPTMpred is available at http://research.ru.ac.bd/mLysPTMpred/.展开更多
基金The authors received financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Number:81772797)Shanghai Municipal Education Commission—Gaofeng Clinical Medicine Grant Support(20172007)Ruijin Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine“Guangci Excellent Youth Training Program”(GCQN-2017-A18)。
文摘Single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)is a novel technology that allows transcriptomic analyses of individual cells.During the past decade,scRNA-seq sensitivity,accuracy,and efficiency have improved due to innovations including more sensitive,automated,and cost-effective single-cell isolation methods with higher throughput as well as ongoing technological development of scRNA-seq protocols.Among the variety of current approaches with distinct features,researchers can choose the most suitable method to carry out their research.By profiling single cells in a complex population mix,scRNA-seq presents great advantages over traditional sequencing methods in dissecting heterogeneity in cell populations hidden in bulk analysis and exploring rare cell types associated with tumorigenesis and metastasis.scRNA-seq studies in recent years in the field of breast cancer research have clustered breast cancer cell populations with different molecular subtypes to identify distinct populations that may correlate with poor prognosis and drug resistance.The technology has also been used to explain tumor microenvironment heterogeneity by identifying distinct immune cell subsets that may be associated with immunosurveillance and are potential immunotherapy targets.Moreover,scRNA-seq has diverse applications in breast cancer research besides exploring heterogeneity,including the analysis of cell-cell communications,regulatory single-cell states,immune cell distributions,and more.scRNA-seq is also a promising tool that can facilitate individualized therapy due to its ability to define cell subsets with potential treatment targets.Although scRNA-seq studies of therapeutic selection in breast cancer are currently limited,the application of this technology in this field is prospective.Joint efforts and original ideas are needed to better implement scRNA-seq technologies in breast cancer research to pave the way for individualized treatment management.This review provides a brief introduction on the currently available scRNA-seq approaches along with their corresponding strengths and weaknesses and may act as a reference for the selection of suitable methods for research.We also discuss the current applications of scRNA-seq in breast cancer research for tumor heterogeneity analysis,individualized therapy,and the other research directions mentioned above by reviewing corresponding published studies.Finally,we discuss the limitations of current scRNA-seq technologies and technical problems that remain to be overcome.
基金supported by ESF and the Bulgarian Ministry of Education and Science under the contract BG051PO001-3.3.06-0047
文摘Results from UBVRI optical photometric observations of the pre-main se- quence star V350 Cep during the period 2004-2014 are presented. The star was dis- covered in 1977 due to its remarkable increase in brightness by more than 5 mag （R）. In previous studies, V350 Cep was considered to be a potential FUor or EXor eruptive variable. Our data suggest that during the period of observations the star maintains its maximum brightness with low amplitude photometric variations. Our conclusion is that V350 Cep was probably an intermediate object between FUors and EXors, similar to V1647 Ori.
基金partly supported by the National Science Fund of the Ministry of Education and Science of Bulgaria under grant DN 18-10/2017funds of the project RD-08-125/2021 of the University of Shumen。
文摘Results from optical CCD photometric observations of 13 pre-main-sequence stars collected during the period from February 2007 to November 2020 are presented.These stars are located in the association Cepheus OB3,in the field of the young star V733 Cephei.Photometric observations,especially concerning the long-term variability of the stars,are missing in the literature.We present the first longterm V(RI)c monitoring for them,that cover 13 years.Results from our study indicate that all of the investigated stars manifest strong photometric variability.The presented paper is a part of our program for the photometric study of pre-main-sequence stars located in active star-forming regions.
文摘Post-translational modification (PTM) increases the functional diversity of proteins by introducing new functional groups to the side chain of amino acid of a protein. Among all amino acid residues, the side chain of lysine (K) can undergo many types of PTM, called K-PTM, such as “acetylation”, “crotonylation”, “methylation” and “succinylation” and also responsible for occurring multiple PTM in the same lysine of a protein which leads to the requirement of multi-label PTM site identification. However, most of the existing computational methods have been established to predict various single-label PTM sites and a very few have been developed to solve multi-label issue which needs further improvement. Here, we have developed a computational tool termed mLysPTMpred to predict multi-label lysine PTM sites by 1) incorporating the sequence-coupled information into the general pseudo amino acid composition, 2) balancing the effect of skewed training dataset by Different Error Cost method, and 3) constructing a multi-label predictor using a combination of support vector machine (SVM). This predictor achieved 83.73% accuracy in predicting the multi-label PTM site of K-PTM types. Moreover, all the experimental results along with accuracy outperformed than the existing predictor iPTM-mLys. A user-friendly web server of mLysPTMpred is available at http://research.ru.ac.bd/mLysPTMpred/.
