Co_(3)S_(4)-pyrolysis lotus fiber flexible textile as a hybrid electrocatalyst for overall water splitting

Electrocatalytic overall water splitting(OWS),a pivotal approach in addressing the global energy crisis,aims to produce hydrogen and oxygen.However,most of the catalysts in powder form are adhesively bounding to the electrodes,resulting in catalyst detachment by bubble generation and other uncertain interference,and eventually reducing the OWS performance.To surmount this challenge,we synthesized a hybrid material of Co_(3)S_(4)-pyrolysis lotus fiber(labeled as Co_(3)S_(4)-p LF)textile by hydrothermal and hightemperature pyrolysis processes for electrocatalytic OWS.Owing to the natural LF textile exposing the uniformly distributed functional groups(AOH,ANH_(2),etc.)to anchor Co_(3)S_(4)nanoparticles with hierarchical porous structure and outstanding hydrophily,the hybrid Co_(3)S_(4)-p LF catalyst shows low overpotentials at 10 m A cm^(-2)(η_(10,HER)=100 m Vη_(10,OER)=240 mV)alongside prolonged operational stability during electrocatalytic reactions.Theoretical calculations reveal that the electron transfer from p LF to Co_(3)S_(4)in the hybrid Co_(3)S_(4)-p LF is beneficial to the electrocatalytic process.This work will shed light on the development of nature-inspired carbon-based materials in hybrid electrocatalysts for OWS.

Types of Irrigation Water and Soil Amendment Affect the Growth and Flowering of Petunia x alkinsiana ‘Bravo Pinc’

Water insufficiency is the hampering feature of crop sustainability,especially in arid and semi-arid regions.So,the effectual usage of all water resources especially underground brackish water represents the core priority in Saudi Arabia.The present study aimed to recognize the influence of different types of water irrigation(tap water as a control,salinized well water,and magnetized salinized well water)with or without soil amendments(soil without any amendment as a control,peat-moss,ferrous sulfate,and peat-moss plus ferrous sulfate)on petunia plant growth and flowering as well as ion content.Irrigating Petunia plants with saline well water adversely affected growth and flowering as compared to tap water and magnetized saline well water.Additionally,plants irrigated with magnetized water showed a significant enhancement in all the studied vegetative and flowering growth parameters as compared to those irrigated with salinized well water.Furthermore,mineral contents and survival of Petunia plants irrigated with magnetized well water were higher than those irrigated with tap water.Irrigation with magnetized well water significantly reduced levels of Na+and Cl−ions in leaves of Petunia plants indicating the role of magnetization in alleviating harmful effects of salinity.In conclusion,we recommend the utilization of magnetized saline well water for irrigating Petunia plants either alone or in combination with soil amendments(peat moss plus ferrous sulfate).

Lotus Flower Pond Song and Dance

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The Effect of Photon Flux Density and Lighting Period on Growth,Flowering,Powdery Mildew and Water Relations of Miniature Roses

Miniature roses (Rosa sp.) were grown at 100 and 150 μmol m-2·s-1 photon flux densities (PFD) with 16, 20 and 24 h·day-1 lighting periods (LP) in a greenhouse compartment in midwinter at latitude 59° north. The study included 10 different treatments and six rose cultivars, altogether 900 plants. The 16 and 20 h LP were applied with or without a dark period of 8 and 4 h·day-1, respectively, by timing the LP in relation to daylight that lasted for 7 - 8 h. Number of days until flowering decreased with an increase in PFD and in LP up to 24 day-1 and was unaffected by the timing of the 16 and 20 h·day-1 LP. Number of flowers and plant dry weight increased 20% to 30% by increasing the PFD. Plant dry weight increased by increasing the LP from 16 to 20 h·day-1 (about 25%), but no effect was found with a further increase to 24 h·day-1. Mean growth rate until flowering increased 30% to 40% by increasing the PFD or by increasing the LP from 16 to 20 h day-1, while little effect was found by a further increase to 24 h·day-1. Increasing the photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) by increasing the LP from 16 to 20 h·day-1 increased the growth rate more than increasing the PFD did. Three of the cultivars were tested for water loss after the detachment of some leaves. Leaves that had developed without a dark period showed a considerably higher water loss than the treatments that included a dark period of 4 or 8 h·day-1. The keeping quality at indoor conditions, however, was unaffected by the treatment due to sufficient watering. Powdery mildew developed significantly more on plants grown with a dark period of 8 h as compared with the other treatments. It was concluded that 20 h·day-1 LP including a dark period of 4 h·day-1 and a PFD of at least 150 μmol·m-2·s-1 should be applied to miniature roses during the winter months in order to effectively produce miniature pot roses with a high quality.

Genetic resources of lotus (Nelumbo) and their improvement

Lotus(Nelumbo)is one of the top ten flowers in China,which has high ornamental,edible and medicinal value.Lotus has a been cultivated for thousands of years.Through discovery and cultivation,more than 4,000 cultivars have been recorded.However,the information related to lotus breeding is quite scattered,and the related genetic rules and trait formation mechanisms are still poorly understood,which has caused a greater impact on lotus genetic breeding.This article systematically introduces lotus germplasm resources,including wild species and cultivated species,summarizes lotus breeding methods and breeding directions,and focuses on the latest progress in the isolation and functional identification of structural and regulatory genes related to important horticultural traits.Prospects for the protection and utilization of lotus resources,breeding and industrialization are reported.

《聊斋志异·莲花公主》的叙事功能探析

《聊斋志异》对唐人小说多有借鉴,有学者认为《莲花公主》是唐传奇《南柯太守传》的派生文本。而越南汉文小说《花国奇缘》的叙事与中国梦境小说多有关联,与《莲花公主》也有传承关系。从文本比对中可以发现,《花国奇缘》和《南柯太守传》《莲花公主》三者间有相同的叙事情节要素,《莲花公主》一方面对《南柯太守传》借鉴吸收,另一方面又影响《花国奇缘》。同时,三者之间的文本内容与深层内涵也是不断递进发展的过程。

蘸水处理对月季切花保鲜效果的影响

为分析蘸水处理对月季切花的保鲜效果,以‘卡罗拉’月季切花为试材,分别进行蘸水处理和不蘸水处理,于4℃下贮藏,并测定其腐烂指数、萎蔫指数、花朵直径、失重率、呼吸强度、丙二醛(MDA)含量。冷藏试验结果表明,蘸水处理能够降低鲜切花在冷藏过程中膜脂过氧化产物MDA含量和鲜切花呼吸代谢的速率,从而延缓衰老,延长鲜切花的贮藏时间。瓶插试验结果表明,蘸水处理在冷藏15 d后瓶插期间最大花径达6.90 cm,大于不蘸水处理组的6.09 cm,蘸水处理可有效延缓鲜切花腐烂指数、萎蔫指数和失重率的上升,抑制月季切花贮藏和瓶插期间品质的下降。综上,蘸水处理对月季切花具有较好的保鲜效果。本研究结果可为延长‘卡罗拉’月季切花的瓶插寿命及保鲜剂研究提供理论依据。

电生理快速定量菜心杂种优势

本研究以温室培养的14个品种的菜心为材料,测定了饱水与不饱水状态下菜心的基本电生理参数,并基于能斯特(Nernst)方程计算得到叶片相对持水量(LIWHC)、叶片胞内水分转移速率(LIWTR)、叶片胞内持水时间(LIWHT)、叶片营养主动传输能力(NAT)、叶片营养被动传输能力(NPT)、耐低营养能力(RLN)、营养利用效率(NUE)和植物相对代谢活力(MA)等电生理指标,探究其与杂种优势的关系。结果表明,杂交50的胞内水分传输效率均显著低于其他品种的菜心,其RLN和NUE值则显著高于其他品种,但MA则显著高于其他品种。采用隶属函数法对供试品种水分及养分代谢进行综合评价,结果表明,参试的4个品种中,菜心杂交50的综合评价优于其他3个品种。因此,可以通过测定植物的电生理信息来计算水分、养分代谢状况以及植物的相对代谢活力等来鉴定植物的杂种优势。

基于EDEM-Fluent耦合仿真的射流式挖藕机设计与优化

为解决大面积的浅水藕田地区的莲藕采收机执行部件高压喷头的个数较多,容易出现各喷头间流速差过大的现象,导致莲藕采收率的下降和莲藕品质的参差不齐的问题,对莲藕采收机射流系统执行部件进行优化。喷头作为执行机构的重要组件,其射流的稳定性对莲藕采收的效率以及冲刷效果有着重大的影响。为揭示高压喷头的连接工艺和喷头形状、口径对射流稳定性的影响,基于EDEM-Fluent软件对内部流场进行环境建模以及对执行部件的喷头进行耦合仿真模拟。试验发现:改变喷头的形状增加倒角,调整各喷头出水口直径到恰当的差值对喷头出水稳定性有明显的改观,流速波动标准差由0.164 m/s改变为0.020 m/s;平均挖掘深度由33.50 cm改变为36.07 cm,挖掘深度标准差由1.71 cm改为0.69 cm。

圆周往复水射流式挖藕试验装置设计与试验

为满足莲藕采挖作业多样化的试验要求,提高试验装置的互换性、通用性与测量精度,设计了圆周往复水射流式挖藕试验装置。介绍了试验装置中试验台的结构设计、工作原理和关键部件设计,分析了圆周往复水射流结构在不同条件的挖掘深度及莲藕浮出率等,确定了试验指标,并进行了台架验证试验。结果表明:圆周往复水射流式挖藕试验装置能够有效反映喷头直径、喷射角度和喷头与泥土表面距离对莲藕采挖效果和挖掘深度的影响。当喷头直径不变时,喷射角度越小挖掘深度越深,喷头与泥土表面距离越小挖掘深度越深,喷射角度越大冲刷面积越大,成正比例关系;喷头与泥土表面距离越近、喷射角度越小情况下莲藕的浮出率越高,满足圆周往复水射流式挖藕试验要求。

莲花湖湿地公园水质现状调查及其治理研究

莲花湖湿地公园是达州城区的后花园,对达州市社会有着非常重要的生态、环境、经济和社会价值,由于前期缺乏管理,湖水污染严重,近年来达州市政府对莲花湖做出了一系列保护和治理措施,水质情况有所好转,但仍需要进一步完善治理和保护对策,有待进一步恢复生态环境。因此,研究莲花湖水域水质现状及其污染源的调查分析有着重要意义。本文以莲花湖水域为研究对象,开展了水域水质现状监测以及治理措施研究,在水域内共布置16个水质监测垂线,进行了实际水质检测,从而得出莲花湖水域水质现状并进行了污染源分析,根据《国务院水污染防治计划》《水污染防治行动计划达州市实施方案》等相关法规要求,提出了莲花湖水域水环境的治理对策。

荷花品种“西湖秋韵”和“湘湖秋韵”的培育与扩繁应用

“西湖秋韵”和“湘湖秋韵”是以荷花品种“西湖红莲”为父本,“秋艳”和“秋星”为母本,通过授粉杂交方法选育出的具有一定耐寒性且花期较长的荷花品种。本文总结分析了2个荷花品种的选育过程、品种形态特征、生物学特性及其扩繁应用,为耐寒且花期长荷花品种的繁育与应用提供参考。“西湖秋韵”和“湘湖秋韵”2个品种均为大株型,展花期分别能持续到10月中旬和11月中旬。二次栽植后,“湘湖秋韵”品种展花期可延长至12月10日。“西湖秋韵”和“湘湖秋韵”的群体花期分别达154和133 d,具有花色鲜艳、花瓣大及对环境适应性强等优点,可广泛应用于湿地公园建设、河道和湖滨水景绿化改造及小区水体美化等场域。

国画作品《云汀荷》创作说明

从古至今,以枯荷作为创作题材的作品有很多,无论是泼墨飘逸的写意枯荷,还是工整细致的工笔枯荷,都表现了人们对于枯荷的喜爱之情,从不同的作品感受到作者对于枯荷的不同感受与见解。《云汀荷》这幅作品是采用工笔设色的技法进行绘画,通过工笔画的绘画语言表现出枯荷的形象。枯即是荣,荣也是枯,枯萎的荷花不仅仅代表了生命的终结,也代表全新的开始。此次创作是通过重彩的表现形式,将内心深处对于枯荷的赞赏与喜爱之情表现出来,同时带给观赏者不同的视觉感受。本文还详细讲述了作品的创作构思、创作过程以及创作感想。同时对绘画的构图形式、色彩的运用也进行了探讨与说明。

石榴花水提物调节AHR/BNIP3改善糖尿病小鼠肝脏胰岛素信号

目的:探讨石榴花水提物(pomegranate flower water extract,PFW)对2型糖尿病小鼠肝脏胰岛素信号传导的影响及机制。方法:将C57BL/6J随机分为正常组、模型组、二甲双胍组(Met)、石榴花水提物低剂量组(PFWL)和石榴花水提物高剂量组(PFWH)。连续给药11周后,称小鼠体质量,检测空腹血糖(FBG)、胰岛素(INS)、甘油三酯(TG)和总胆固醇(TC)的含量,计算胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR);苏木素-伊红(HE)染色观察肝组织病理变化;Western blot法检测肝组织中胰岛素受体底物1(IRS1)、p-IRS1(Ser307)、蛋白激酶B(AKT)、p-AKT(Ser473)、糖原合成酶激酶-3β(Gsk3β)、p-Gsk3β(S9)、芳香烃受体(AhR)、磷脂酰乙醇胺N-甲基转移酶(PEMT)、Bcl-2/腺病毒E1B-19kDa相互作用蛋白3(BNIP3)蛋白表达。结果:与模型组比较,PFWH组FBG、INS、HOMA-IR、TG和TC含量极显著降低(P<0.01);PFWH组小鼠肝细胞内脂肪滴明显减少;PFWH组极显著升高肝脏中IRS1、p-AKT(Ser473)/AKT、p-Gsk3β(S9)/Gsk3β、BNIP3蛋白表达(P<0.01),极显著降低p-IRS1(Ser307)/IRS1、AHR、PEMT蛋白表达(P<0.01)。结论:PFW可能通过调节AHR/BNIP3抑制肝脏脂质沉积,改善p-IRS1(Ser307)/p-AKT(Ser473)/p-GSK3β(S9)胰岛素信号通路转导。

建筑屋面雨水资源化利用措施及适用性分析

【目的】建筑屋面雨水是城市雨水径流的重要来源之一,对其资源化利用及适用性进行分析,有利于城市健康水循环的恢复和构建、城市生态系统的保护和修复。【方法】研究改进现有的建筑雨水排水系统,对屋面雨水进行截留、滞蓄,降低城市雨水排水系统的压力,使其与雨水资源化利用的目的相适应。【结果】与传统雨水排水系统相比,种植屋面、雨水花箱和垂直绿化等形式不仅可以有效排除屋面雨水,增加绿化面积,保温隔热,提高人们生活舒适性,还能对屋面雨水收集利用,降低市政雨水管网负荷。【结论】建筑屋面雨水资源化利用,对于缓解城市内涝危害风险,提高雨水资源利用率,都具有重要的现实意义。

苹果丰产栽培管理技术

苹果作为一种经济型水果作物而被广泛种植,但在栽培管理过程中存在一些技术问题。介绍肥水管理、果树修剪、疏花疏果、病虫害防控等环节的技术要点,以期为保障苹果稳产丰产、实现果农增产增收提供技术指导。

大豆玉米带状复合种植高产栽培技术

为推进大豆玉米带状复合种植技术应用,探索大豆玉米复合种植高产栽培技术,本文总结分析了大豆玉米生育期特点、种植前准备、播期管理、田间管理及采收等方面高产栽培技术要点。其中大豆玉米复合种植技术需配合适宜的大豆、玉米生育期。大豆、玉米品种应选择共生适应性强、耐密耐阴、抗倒伏、抗病虫害能力强和产量潜力高的优质品种,根据种植区实际情况采用2~4行玉米结合2~6行大豆的种植模式;加强大豆、玉米共生期田间管理,苗期以促进苗匀、苗壮和苗齐为原则进行肥水管理,大豆开花结荚期和玉米穗期注重追肥,保证籽粒生长所需营养,生长全过程采用物理、化学和生物等防治技术进行病虫草害防治;适期采收以减少籽粒产量损失、提高品种性能。研究结果为推广应用大豆和玉米带状复合种植技术提供参考,对实现粮油增产增收提质增效具有重要意义。

落花流水纹在针织成形服装中的应用

当前,针织成形服装在国内外市场上具有较好的发展前景与潜力。在探究针织成形服装与传统纹样相结合的设计中,文章以传统纹样落花流水纹为研究对象,主要概述了落花流水纹的文化内涵与审美特征。并通过分析针织成形服装关于图案设计的加工工艺及设计案例,总结了落花流水纹在针织成形服装中应用的创新设计思路,为传统纹样在针织成形服装上的图案、色彩、工艺设计提供理论与方法。研究表明,落花流水纹在针织成形服装设计中具有文化与美学意义,可以为促进符合现代生活方式与审美的文创类针织服装设计提供参考。

Alterations of Panicle Antioxidant Metabolism and Carbohydrate Content and Pistil Water Potential Involved in Spikelet Sterility in Rice under Water-Deficit Stress

Two rice genotypes with different drought tolerance, namely Jin 23B （drought tolerant） and Zhenshan 97B （drought sensitive）, were used to study the antioxidant enzyme activities, soluble sugar and starch contents in spikelets, pistil water potential and pollen number on a stigma under water-deficit stress at the flowering stage, which were involved in the spikelet sterility. Compared with respective controls, drought stress induced more serious decreases of superoxide dismutase （SOD）, peroxidase （POD） and catalase （CAT） activities and more significant increase of malonaldehyde （MDA） content in spikekets of Zhenshan 97B than in Jin 23B on 9 and 12 days after water stress （DAWS）. The soluble sugar and starch contents increased significantly in spikelets of Jin 23B, but decreased significantly in spikelets of Zhenshan 97B during 9-12 DAWS. The pistil maintained higher water potential in Jin 23B than in Zhenshan 97B during 3-6 DAWS and 9-12 DAWS. In addition, water stress induced more significant decrease in the pollen number on a stigma as well as the percentage of unfilled grains in Zhenshan 97B than in Jin 23B. Thus, it is suggested that water stress induced spikelet sterility by damaging antioxidant enzyme activities, reducing carbohydrate content in spikelets and decreasing pistil water potential at the flowering stage in rice.

Individual Leaf Area of Early Flowering Arabidopsis Genotypes Is More Affected by Drought than Late Flowering Ones: A Multi-Scale Analysis in 35 Genetically Modified Lines

Plants acclimate to drought optimizing the trade-off between biomass production and water loss while ensuring their survival and reproduction. Plants also modify their growth or phenology as complementary strategies in response to stress. Despite evidence of an interaction between flowering time and plant growth response to environmental stresses, this interaction in response to drought is under debate. To contribute to the analysis of this interaction, leaf growth of 35 genetically modified lines of Arabidopsis thaliana and their common wild-type, Col-0 was analyzed by a quantitative multi-scale phenotyping approach from cellular to whole plant scale both in well-watered and soil moderate water deficit conditions. These genotypes were selected for the various physiological functions potentially altered by their genetic modification and that could interact with plant growth and/or their drought responses. In all genotypes, leaf expansion decreased in response to drought both at the whole rosette and the individual leaf levels. Additionally, epidermal cell area and/or epidermal cell number decreased in response to the drought treatment. In contrast, the number of rosette leaves was reduced in only half of the genotypes and leaf growth duration was only modified in 4 of them. Despite long photoperiod conditions, the duration of the vegetative phase, i.e. the time elapsed between germination and flowering stage, varied from 12 to 27 days among genotypes under well watered conditions. Our analyses revealed that the differences of flowering time observed in well-watered condition impacted the leaf area response to drought. Early-flowering genotypes slightly decreased their final leaf number, but strongly reduced their individual leaf area compared with the late-flowering ones. This result underlines the difficulty to analyze plant response to environmental stresses when genotypes with different flowering dates are compared.