Protecting Protectors:Smartphone-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Mental Health in the Chinese Police

Background:The mental health challenges faced by police officers due to high-stress work environments necessitate effective interventions.Cognitive-behavioral therapy(CBT)has shown promise in addressing mental health issues,and this study aims to evaluate the efficacy of smartphone-based cognitive-behavioral therapy(SCBT)in improving mental health outcomes among police officers.This intervention could provide a reference for enhancing mental health literacy and resilience in this population.Methods:A randomized controlled trial(RCT)design was employed,involving 291 police officers who were randomly assigned to either the SCBT intervention group(n=145)or the control group(n=146).Participants completed pre-and post-intervention assessments using the Symptom Checklist-90(SCL-90),which measures multiple psychological symptoms including somatization,obsessive-compulsiveness,interpersonal sensitivity,depression,anxiety,hostility,phobic anxiety,paranoid ideation,and psychoticism.Statistical analyses were conducted to examine group differences in symptom severity and effect sizes.Results:Post-intervention results indicated significant reductions in somatization,obsessivecompulsiveness,interpersonal sensitivity,depression,anxiety,hostility,phobic anxiety,paranoid ideation,and psychoticism,with large effect sizes observed in the intervention group.Notably,the intervention group showed significantly greater improvements compared to the control group,particularly in overall psychological distress as measured by the total SCL-90 score.However,significant reductions in interpersonal sensitivity and paranoid ideation were also observed in the control group,suggesting external factors may have influenced these dimensions.Conclusion:SCBT demonstrated efficacy in reducing psychological distress among police officers,offering a flexible and accessible mental health intervention.However,challenges such as high dropout rates and the complex,dynamic nature of mental health warrant further investigation.Future studies should explore targeted interventions for specific behavioral issues and consider SCBT as a supplementary tool alongside traditional psychotherapy.

An Evaluation of Suicidality and Its Predictors in Police Officers in Lagos, Nigeria

Background: The many dangers and stressors associated with police work often place police officers at a great risk of a variety of mental health morbidity, including suicidality. The causation of suicidality is multi-dimensional, however, there are insufficient studies which have examined the burden and risk factors of suicidality in Nigerian police officers. Objective: To determine the prevalence and predictors of suicidality among police officers in Lagos, Nigeria. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 600 police officers who were selected using a non-probability sampling method. Questionnaires used were: Suicide Behaviour Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and a Socio-Demographic Questionnaire. Results: Prevalence of suicidality was 14%, and the predictors of suicidality were: state anxiety (p 0.001), trait anxiety (p 0.001), substance use (p = 0.03), being unmarried (p = 0.03), and female gender (p = 0.02). Conclusion: Suicidality is prevalent among Nigerian police officers, with a higher risk in those who are vulnerable. The creation of government policies and infrastructure which promote mental health in police officers is necessary.

Enhancing Police Officers’ Cybercrime Investigation Skills Using a Checklist Tool

This paper addressed the current state of police officers’ capabilities, skills, and their readiness to deal with the developments of cybercrime. This study discussed definition of cybercrime, cybercrime categories as well as comparison between traditional criminal techniques and cybercrime. As the abilities and skills required for detectives to investigate cybercrime have been discussed. Additionally, literature review and related work, was addressed challenges role of the police in combating cybercrime and facing cybercrime policing. We proposed the main tool in the study which is “Checklist of essential skills for a cybercrime investigator”. Thus, to gain the ability to Identify technical and practical requirements in terms of skills, programs, and equipment to achieve effective and professional results in fight cybercrimes.

Initiative on Global Civilisation Praised

President's proposal critical for pursuit of peace,development,experts say The Global Civilisation Initiative proposed by President Xi Jinping is regarded as not only highly relevant in this world fraught with challenges and uncertainties,but also critical for the pursuit of common peace and development,according to Asia-Pacific experts.

Effect of Specific Verbal Instructions on the Identification of Pain Location during a Passive Straight Leg Raise Test

Musculoskeletal pain is common. Because pain is subjective, objectively describing it is crucial. However, pain assessment may cause distress in patients;therefore, physical therapists (PTs) should conduct these tests quickly and accurately. Simple and clear instructions are recommended for pain assessment. However, few studies have provided evidence to support this hypothesis. Correspondingly, this study aimed to confirm the effectiveness of specific verbal instructions for pain location during five consecutive Passive Straight Leg Raise (PSLR) tests. The 28 asymptomatic participants (age 27.4 ± 9.6 years) who provided informed consent received five consecutive PSLR tests: three without and two with specific verbal instructions to ascertain pain intensity, quality, and location. The participants drew pain locations on a body chart and described the pain intensity and quality after each test. All participants were interviewed regarding the differences they noted in the presence and absence of specific verbal instructions. Each pain location was classified into one of ten areas for statistical analysis. The proportion of participants who changed the pain location was compared between the tests using McNemar’s test, and the kappa coefficient was confirmed for consistency of pain location. There was a significant difference in the proportion of participants who changed their pain location between the second and third tests and from the third to the fourth test (McNemar’s test: p = 0.003). Kappa coefficients had low consistency (κ = 0.28) just after receiving the specific verbal instructions in the fourth test compared to the third test. Consistency improved in the fifth test (κ = 0.57);93% of the participants answered that the pain location had become clearer. This study revealed the effects of specific verbal instructions in identifying pain locations. This detailed information may help PTs provide appropriate treatment and contribute to reducing pain in clinical settings.

Strategies for Countering Freezing in Police Operational Activities

The term“freezing”refers to an innate defensive reaction characterized by the sudden cessation of all movements(Stote&Fanselow,2004;Eilam,2005).The freezing effect involving a police officer exposes him to a risk to himself and others.Materials and Methods:400 anonymous questionnaires administered to law enforcement personnel in Switzerland were evaluated with the aim of testing their knowledge about the freezing phenomenon.In addition,semi-structured interviews involving police personnel were conducted.The authors also analyzed two cases of police officers who had experienced freezing.Results and Conclusions:From the results obtained,it emerges that freezing is not known to most of the police officers interviewed.Therefore,specific and innovative training seems to be necessary.The authors described the brain mechanisms that are involved in freezing.Innovative integrated training modules have been proposed by applying some neuroscientific knowledge,particularly using the potential of mirror neurons.The authors propose a strategy for supporting police officers who have experienced an episode of freezing.The ultimate goal is to provide more scientific tools to protect police officers and civilians.

Effect of Health Management in Raising Awareness Rate of Disease Prevention and Treatment in Patients with Prehypertension

Objective: To analyze the effect of health management on improving the awareness rate of disease prevention and treatment in patients with prehypertension, so as to provide guidance for clinical management of patients with prehypertension. Methods: 108 patients diagnosed with prehypertension in our hospital were divided into a control group and an experimental group. The control group was not given management measures, while the experimental group was given health management. The incidence of hypertension and cognition level of hypertension knowledge were compared between the two groups after management. Results: The incidence of hypertension in the experimental group was 7.41% lower than that in the control group 29.63%. The cognitive level of hypertension in the patients (66.54 ± 1.25) was significantly higher than that in the patients without health management (41.45 ± 2.45), and P < 0.05;Conclusion: For patients with prehypertension, the implementation of health management is helpful to improve their cognition of hypertension, master related prevention knowledge, and reduce the incidence of hypertension.

Further Extending the Opening Policy,Striving to Raise the Use of Foreign Capital

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POLICE原则结合微波治疗踝关节扭伤的临床疗效观察

目的探讨POLICE原则结合微波治疗踝关节扭伤的临床疗效。方法将符合条件的72例踝关节扭伤患者随机分为观察组与对照组,每组各36例患者。观察组采用POLICE原则结合微波治疗,对照组采用POLICE原则治疗。分别于治疗前、治疗5周后对患者进行Kofoed评分标准评分,从疼痛、功能和活动度3个方面进行评价和比较。结果治疗5周后,治疗组患者的Koford评分高于对照组[(89.17±8.73)分vs.(63.28±4.80)分],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 POLICE原则结合微波治疗踝关节扭伤能有效缓解疼痛、恢复活动度、提高功能。

结合UML和RAISE的软件开发方法研究

面向对象方法形象、直观、使用方便，但难以消除二义性。形式化方法严密、可靠、可验证，但软件规约不直观，不符合开发人员的使用习惯。探讨一种结合面向对象方法UML和形式化方法RAISE的软件开发方法。

POLICE原则治疗急性踝关节扭伤的疗效分析

目的：探讨应用POLICE原则治疗急性踝关节扭伤的临床疗效.方法：2013年7月-2014年1月间我院急诊外科共收治一、二级急性踝关节扭伤患者132例.随机分为A、B两组.A组的治疗基于RICE原则,B组应用POLICE原则.分别于接受治疗后1周、2周、3周、4周、6周、8周进行随访.治疗前、后的踝关节功能按Kofoed评分标准进行评价.治疗前后结果以t检验进行组内比较,治疗后结果以t检验进行组间比较,P﹤0.05时结果有统计学意义.结果：两组患者于末次随访时Kofoed评分均优于治疗前（P﹤0.05）.B组经治疗后第1、2、3、4周Kofoed评分优于A组患者（P﹤0.05）,而第6、8周时,两组结果无明显差异（P﹥0.05）.结论：应用POLICE原则治疗急性踝关节扭伤的早期临床结果优于传统的RICE原则.

RAISE规范语言及其语义特征

本文简要介绍了RAISE规范语言的基本概念,并描述了其语义特征。从而为准确地理解RAISE规范语言、正确地描述其形式语义奠定良好的基础。

A Systemic Functional Study of the English Police Caution——An Analysis of the “Miranda Warnings”

Based on the interpersonal function in Halliday’s systemic functional grammar,"Miranda Warnings",the typical English Police Caution,is analyzed from the aspects of Mood system,Modality system and Appraisal system,with the aim of exploring its interpersonal meanings.Results show that:first,the declarative mood and interrogative mood used in the police caution protect the legitimate rights of the interrogated;second,the widely use of Low value modal verbs demonstrates a more humane and democratic legislation principle;and third,the absence of Affect resources and the frequent application of Capacity resources narrow the interpersonal distance between policeman and the interrogated,reflecting the transformation in policeman’s interrogation practices.

“Police”词后的文化含义

哲学上讲的"语言的转向"是通过谈论语言来谈论世界。通过对"police"的词源和跨语言交流历程的梳理、分析,揭示其所载承的文化,即它所记录下来的一段法国与英国的警察史实,可以看出,"police"来自法语,法国警察的创建深远地影响了西方现代警察的发展,法国警察文化当时代表了世界最先进的警察文化。

RAISE技术改组转录因子RpoD调控大肠杆菌的低pH值耐受性

在生物炼制生产过程中,微生物由于自身对酸的抗逆性差,其代谢生产过程会受到严重的影响。为解决该问题,本实验采用PCR方法从E.coli DH5α中扩增分离得到分子量为2 075bp的RpoD完整序列(包含天然启动子区域和终止子区域),并利用RAISE方法,通过突变全局调控因子RpoD来提高大肠杆菌的耐酸能力。通过对104随机突变文库的多轮筛选,获得最佳突变菌株MutantⅦ。在pH值为3.0、3.5、4.0、5.0、6.0和7.0的条件下,对MutantⅦ和对照菌株的生长情况进行比较分析,结果表明,在酸性条件下MutantⅦ较对照菌株具有明显的生长优势,尤其在pH值为3.0时,相比对照菌株0.015h-1的生长速率,MutantⅦ的生长速率达到0.022h-1,具有较高应用价值。

Timed RAISE方法在列控系统等级转换场景中的应用研究

高速铁路列车运行控制系统是一个复杂的实时性系统,结合其实际特点,将域方法作为系统描述的切入。通过对模型检验和定理证明两种验证方法的分析比较,提出使用基于定理证明的时间化工业软件工程的严格方法Timed RAISE形式化方法对等级转换(CTCS-2级至CTCS-3级)场景进行描述,并对其场景交互一致性和实时性进行验证,结果表明该场景不会出现场景交互一致性错误,也不会违反时间的约束。

基于I Raise模式的大学英语听说课程思政教学研究

课程思政强调把“立德树人”作为教育的根本任务,将各类课程与思想政治理论课的相关知识理念和教育元素有机结合,引导学习者在学习课程知识的同时树立正确的价值观。课程思政教学目标的实施与实现对教师及教师角色提出了很大的挑战,本文结合大学英语听说课程,以课程中具体的一个单元的教学设计为例,积极探索创新的I Raise教学模式,重点探讨该模式下“课程思政”如何得以实现。

A preliminary study of the effects of plastic film-mulched raised beds on soil temperature and crop performance of early-sown short-season spring maize(Zea mays L.) in the North China Plain

To identify a strategy for earlier sowing and harvesting of spring maize(Zea mays L.) in an alternative maize–maize double cropping system, a 2-year field experiment was performed at Quzhou experimental station of China Agricultural University in 2014 and 2015. A short-season cultivar, Demeiya number 1(KX7349), was used in the experiment. Soil temperature to 5 cm depth in the early crop growth stage, crop growth, crop yield, and water use of different treatments(plastic film-mulched raised bed(RF) and flat field without plastic film mulching(CK) in 2014; RF, plastic film-mulched flat field(FF), and CK in 2015)were measured or calculated and compared. Soil temperature in the film-mulched treatments was consistently higher than that in CK(1.6–3.5 °C in average) during the early growth stage. Crops in plastic film-mulched treatments used 214 fewer growing-degree days(GDDs) in 2014 and 262 fewer GDDs in 2015. In 2014, the RF treatment yielded 32.7%higher biomass than CK, although its 9.4% higher grain yield was not statistically significant. Also, RF used 17.9% less water and showed 33.1% higher water use efficiency(WUE) than CK. In 2015, RF and FF showed 56.2% and 49.5% higher yield, 15.0% and 4.5%lower water use(ET), and 63.4% and 75.7% higher WUE, respectively, than CK. RF markedly increased soil temperature in the early crop season, accelerated crop growth, reduced ET,and greatly increased crop yield and WUE. Compared with FF, RF had no obvious effect on crop growth rate, although soil temperature during the period between sowing and stem elongation was slightly increased. However, RF resulted in lower ET and higher WUE than FF. Effects of RF on soil water dynamics as well as its cost-effectiveness remain topics for further study.

基于Web服务的E-Police系统架构

传统电子警察系统由于过分依赖单一服务器,在系统运算、网络传输以及存储容量上难以满足海量数据的需求.将Web Service技术应用到电子警察系统,设计了各前端节点对等的集群式服务器加单一后端客户处理机模式的E-Police电子警察系统架构,提出了计算服务、存储服务和查询服务;松散耦合的E-Police系统以3种服务的实现为核心,系统依靠大量前端节点承担主要工作,提高了资源利用率;通过Web服务的准备、发布和建立3步流程,实现了一套完整的任务、资源和数据流管理方案,解决了传统系统计算性能、存储容量与图像质量三者难以平衡的问题.

Seed Zone Properties and Crop Performance as Affected by Three No-Till Seeders for Permanent Raised Beds in Arid Northwest China

The no-till seeders of various soil opener configurations have been shown to produce various soil physical responses in relation to soil and climate conditions, thus affecting crop performance in permanent raised beds （PRB） systems. This is particularly important in arid Northwest China where large volumes of residue are retained on the soil surface after harvest. In Zhangye, Gansu Province, China, a field trial assessed the effects of three typical （powered-chopper, powered-cutter and powered-disc） PRB no-till seeders and one traditional seeder on soil disturbance, residue cover index, bulk density, fuel consumption, plant growth, and subsequent yield. In general, seedbed conditions and crop performance for PRB no- till seeders seeded plots were better than for traditional seeded plots. In PRB cropping system, the powered-chopper seeder decreased mean soil disturbance and increased residue cover index compared to powered-disc and -cutter seeders. However, the results indicated that soil bulk density was 2.3-4.8% higher, soil temperature was 0.2-0.6℃ lower, and spring wheat emergence was 3.2-4.7% less. This was attributed to greater levels of residue cover and firmer seedbeds. Spring maize and wheat performance in the powered-cutter and -disc treatments was better （non-significant） than powered- chopper treatment. So powered disc no-till seeder, which generally provided the best planting condition and the highest yield, appeared to be the suitable seeder in heavy residue cover conditions. Considering the precision requirements for soil disturbance and residue cover, the powered strip-chopping no-till seeder could be a suitable option for PRB cropping system in Northwest China. Although these results are preliminary, they are still valuable for the design and selection of no-till seeders for PRB cropping systems in arid Northwest China.