Practice Exploration of Green Building Design in Prefabricated Residential Building Design

Prefabricated residential building design fully embodies the concept of green building and aligns with China’s strategic plan for sustainable development.However,there is a need to further optimize green building design methods,enhance the design quality of prefabricated residential buildings,and improve energy and resource utilization.Compared to traditional construction methods,prefabricated residential building design still faces several challenges during the actual construction process.These challenges include difficulties in design,material selection and processing,and the high demands for construction coordination.To strengthen the application of green building concepts in prefabricated residential design and effectively promote the sustainable development of the construction industry,this paper discusses practical measures for implementing green building design in prefabricated residential projects for reference.

Mountain Highway Design Based on New Green Design Concepts

This article analyzes the implementation of new environmentally friendly design practices in the construction of mountain highways.It covers topics such as green highway design concepts,alignment principles,and green practices specifically for mountainous highway design.This analysis aims to provide useful insights for creating green mountain highways that meet the demands of modern times.

Integration Mechanism of Ideological and Political Education with Specialized Knowledge in the Course of Green Building Design

This paper aims to explore the integration of ideological and political education with specialized knowledge in the course of green building design.Through an analysis of the green building design course,combined with the current social development background and the need for ecological and environmental protection,the study investigates how to effectively integrate ideological and political education elements into course instruction to enhance the comprehensive quality and green design capabilities of architecture students.The paper analyzes the content and characteristics of the green building design course and proposes an integration mechanism for ideological and political education in green building design teaching,aiming to cultivate architecture talents with green design concepts and good ideological and political qualities.

鸭IL-2 mRNA SYBR Green Ⅰ real-time PCR检测方法的建立

鸭是一种与人类关系十分密切的水禽，对其相关基因表达水平的定量分析，为进一步了解各基因功能及其与生产、抗病能力的关系具有十分重戛的应用价值。细胞因子与某些疾病的发生发展密切相关，故对细胞因子及其受体的检测越来越受到重视。

Designing Urban Roadside Green Area

The main functions and features of roadside green area are outlined in this paper, and some points about the correlative design are summarized.

猪脑心肌炎病毒SYBR GreenⅠ real-time PCR检测方法的建立

针对猪脑心肌炎病毒(EMCV)VP1基因序列设计并合成了1对引物,以构建的含有该引物扩增序列的重组质粒作为阳性标准品,建立了检测EMCV核酸的SYBR GreenⅠreal-time PCR方法。检测结果显示,该方法线性关系好,标准曲线的相关系数达到0.991;对初始模板的检出下限为1×101copies/μL,比常规PCR方法高100倍;与其他猪源病毒,如口蹄疫病毒(FMDV)、猪生殖与呼吸综合征病毒(PRRSV)、猪瘟病毒(CSFV)、伪狂犬病病毒(PRV)均不发生交叉反应;组内与组间的变异系数均小于3%。应用建立的方法检测了17份临床可疑病例的心、脑组织样本,结果1份为阳性。表明,建立的real-time PCR检测方法灵敏度高、特异性强、重复性好,可以用于EMCV的病原检测及定量分析。

猪凋亡细胞因子Fas、FasL、TNFR1和TNF-α SYBR GreenⅠ real-time PCR检测方法的建立

分别针对猪凋亡细胞因子Fas、FasL、TNFR1、TNF-α基因以及看家基因β-actin的序列设计了1对特异性引物,构建含有各自引物扩增序列的重组质粒作为阳性标准品,建立了检测Fas、FasL、TNFR1、TNF-α及β-actin的SYBR GreenⅠreal-ti me PCR方法。该方法线性关系好(r2≥0.995),敏感性高,初始模板的检出下限除TNFR1为1×102copies/μL外,其他均为1×101copies/μL;特异性强,扩增产物形成单一的特异性熔解峰;重复性好,组内与组间的变异系数均小于3%。应用所建立的方法对猪生殖与呼吸综合征病毒感染仔猪外周血单个核细胞中Fas、FasL、TNFR1和TNF-αmRNA的表达水平进行了检测。结果表明,建立的real-ti me PCR检测方法灵敏度高、特异性强、重复性好。

利用SYBR Green检测衣原体Real-Time PCR方法的建立

利用SYBR Green建立了检测种特异性衣原体的Real-Time PCR方法。本方法应用衣原体种特异性的高度保守特异引物，能够扩增627bp特异片段；使用定量标准基因组DNA，本方法能准确检测最少250fg衣原体DNA。Real-TimePCR方法与免疫荧光方法的检测结果表明：检测4种衣原体临床样本，Real-TimePCR敏感性均在96％～98%；特异性均为100％；这两种方法符合率达97％以上（n=60）；批内和批间重复性试验结果表明，本方法具有良好的准确性。本方法的建立对于快速、准确检测临床样本种特异性衣原体提供了一种切实有效的方法。

高致病性PRRSV Nsp2变异株Power SYBR Green real time RT-PCR检测方法的建立

根据高致病性猪生殖与呼吸综合征病毒（PRRSV）Nsp2变异株Nsp2基因保守区的核苷酸序列设计合成了1对引物,建立了Power SYBR Green模式的实时荧光定量RT-PCR方法,用于检测高致病性PRRSV Nsp2变异株。以pMD-Nsp2质粒为阳性对照制作标准曲线,并对该方法的特异性、敏感性、重复性进行评价。结果显示,该方法只能检测到高致病性PRRSV Nsp2变异株的特异性扩增信号;检测线性范围广,在模板浓度为3.15×10^9-3.15×10^0copies/μL具有良好的线性关系,相关系数（r^2）为0.998;最低检测限为3.15copies/μL。对25份疑似高致病性PRRS猪病料的检测结果显示,该方法与病毒分离的符合率为100%。表明,建立的Nsp2-Power SYBR Green RT-PCR方法具有良好的特异性、敏感性和重复性。

微小隐孢子虫和安氏隐孢子虫SYBR Green real time PCR检测方法的建立

根据GenBank中登录的隐孢子虫小亚基rRNA基因序列设计1对引物,并以标准基因组DNA为模板,初步建立了检测乳牛微小隐孢子虫和安氏隐孢子虫的SYBR Green real time PCR方法,并对乳牛微小隐孢子虫和安氏隐孢子虫阳性样品和上海40份乳牛粪便进行了检测。结果表明,此次建立的real timePCR对微小隐孢子虫和安氏隐孢子虫均能扩增出曲线,且其他寄生虫(鸡贝氏隐孢子虫、刚地弓形虫、犬新孢子虫)和大肠杆菌均未检测到;标准基因组DNA的检测阈值达到5个拷贝,牛粪中卵囊的最低检测量为每克粪便5个卵囊,乳牛粪便阳性率为15%(6/40)。表明,建立的荧光定量PCR快速、特异、敏感,可用于乳牛隐孢子虫病的流行病学调查。

猪IL-2、IL-12p40和IFN-γ SYBR Green Ⅰ real-time PCR检测方法的建立

针对猪Th1型细胞因子IL-2、IL-12p40、IFN-γ以及管家基因β-actin的基因序列分别设计一对特异性引物,构建含有各自引物扩增序列的重组质粒作为阳性标准品,建立了检测IL-2、IL-12p40、IFN-γ及β-actin的SYBR Green Ⅰ real-ti mePCR方法。该方法线性关系好,标准曲线的相关系数均达到0.997以上;敏感性高,初始模板的检出下限均达到100拷贝/μL;特异性强,扩增产物形成单一的特异性熔解峰;重复性好,组内与组间的变异系数均小于3.5%。应用所建立的方法对猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒感染仔猪外周血单个核细胞中IL-2、IL-12p40和IFN-γ mRNA的表达水平进行了检测。结果表明,所建立的real-time PCR检测方法灵敏度高、特异性强、重复性好。

Grey-theory based algorithm for impact assessment of green design

Life cycle assessment (LCA) is an important content of green design;the major phase of LCA is impact assessment. After classifying the impact factors, with grey-system theory, the evaluating grey-groups and their whitening weighing functions are defined;the grey-cluster analysis of each classified impact is performed;based on analyzing results, the calculating method of classified impact index is given. By range of action, the impact classes are grouped to three groups - global impact, regional impact, and local impact;the calculating methods of grouped and overall impact index are presented. Finally, an application example of comparative choice of a category of products - three materials, steel, aluminum and engineering plastics is given.

Status of and Strategies for the Planning and Design, Maintenance and Management of Chinese Urban Green Land——Application of Ecological Concepts in This Field

The sustainability of the planning and design goals of urban green land and that of its maintenance and management are mutually related and act as an organic whole. For a long time, the independence of the two is more prominent than their organic connection. This research has made preliminary considerations from three aspects. First, it concerns infusing the concept of ecology, contemplating and demonstrating space, as well as reducing the incidence of plant diseases and insect pests of urban green land. Second, the arrangement of flowers and trees for the planning and design of urban green land should comply with the biological attributes of flowers and trees to realize the organic unification of biological and scenic attributes of flowers and trees. Third, the planning and design of urban green land should attach importance to the organic unification of biological and scenic attributes of lawn grass seeds and reduce the difficulty of maintaining lawn. This research attempts to reduce the pressure of maintaining urban green land from the beginning, i.e. the planning and design of urban green land. It also tries to reduce the cost of maintenance and management to the realize planning and design goals of urban green land and the sustainability concerning its maintenance and management and arrive at the mutual unification of the planning and design as well as maintenance and management of urban green land.

Road Greenbelt Design of Zhangye City

Road greenbelt design is one of the important parts in urban road system.Zhangye City's road greenbelt design,relying on the general planning concept,namely,'water leads to green space,green space blends the city',emphasizes the harmonious relation between the greenbelt and ecological environment.The concept is adopted to guide the green design of the major roads,subsidiary roads,and trunk roads.It will offer some references for the similar engineering design.

Application of CITYgreen5.0 model to tender appraisement of small-scale green-space designs

Developed by the American Forests, CITYgreen5.0 model has been widely applied to urban forestry research and has played an important role in analyzing quantitatively the ecological benefits produced by varied green-space ecosystems. One of the functions of this model is to evaluate quickly and objectively on parts of the ecological benefits possibly produced by different design schemes for the same small-scale green-space project before the establishment. A comparative analysis was conducted by modeling partial ecological benefits potentially produced by green-spaces of two different design schemes for the same roof garden of Chuangfushidai-Junjingyuan in Shenzhen, given the growth status of plants both immediately after the establishment and 20 years later. Meanwhile, the project costs for each design scheme were also taken into consideration. The results showed that scheme II, mainly designed with a natural style of plant disposition, had a better greenery structure than that of scheme I, which was basically designed with a regular style of plant disposition. The estimated value of the partial ecological benefits produced by scheme II was larger than that of scheme I and the benefit-cost ratio of scheme II was more rational. It was suggested that scheme II be put into practice.

Optimal Design of Street-side Green Spaces: A Case Study of Tiaoshan Cultural Park in Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province

Street-side green spaces are located by urban roads, serving neighboring residents and business population, they are public spaces for citizens working, relaxing and communicating with each other. Landscape design of street-side green spaces is the manifestation of city culture, history and development. Through investigating actual conditions, cultural and historical context, and neighboring traffic of Tiaoshan Cultural Park, this study summarizes deficiencies of the original plant and landscape setting designs, and proposes optimal designs of the park according to the design principles of street-side green spaces.

Ecological Planning and Design of Urban Green Space System of Sanya City

The construction of International Tourism Island has accelerated the development of Sanya City. The population aggregation and the external extension of urban area have brought a lot of negative effects, such as discontinuities of green space matrix, dysfunction of green wedge permeation, deficiency of eco-corridor, structural imbalance of green space system and so on. The overall layout of Green space system known as "One Belt & Three Bays, One Core & Six Towns, Two Axes & Three Wedges, Two Net Synchronous-construction" strengthens the eco-connection among different groups and green space in central area of the city, and realizes the collaborative construction of both resource corridor and landscape corridor. The eco-layout of green core, green corridor and green patch helps keep the integrity of large vegetation patches, enhances the eco-connection of different types of green space and improves finger-shaped network of urban green space. The most efficient way to promote the circulation of urban ecosystem and the positive development of Sanya City is to plan multilevel and three-dimensional eco-space structure and maximize ecological benefits of green space system.

Problems and Solutions to Planning and Design of Green Building

Green building is one of the important issues for human beings to face ecological and environmental crisis and to examine its own behaviors. To realize sustainable development of architectural industry,main problems in planning and design of green building are analyzed,ideas and suggestions for planning and design of domestic green building are put forward,under the guidance of green building evaluation standards,and on the following two aspects,including urban planning and design driven by shortterm benefits and different design emphases due to unilateral understanding of green building.

SYBR Green Ⅰ Real-time PCR检测IFN-CSP对HepG2.2.15细胞内HBV-DNA影响

目的建立SYBR GreenⅠReal-time PCR检测HBV-DNA方法,并检测IFN-CSP对HepG2.2.15细胞内HBV-DNA影响。方法提取HepG2.2.15细胞DNA,PCR扩增后纯化,PCR纯化产物梯度稀释作为标准品,采用SYBR GreenⅠReal-time PCR检测,建立标准曲线,并分析方法的特异性、灵敏度、重复性和稳定性。运用建立的SYBR GreenⅠ方法检测IFN-CSP对HepG2.2.15细胞内HBV-DNA影响,并与Taqman方法进行比较。结果 SYBR GreenⅠReal-time PCR方法特异性、重复性及稳定性均较好,线性范围为107~102copies,检测灵敏度可达102copies。IFN-CSP对HepG2.2.15细胞内HBV-DNA具有抑制效果,且呈剂量依赖性。SYBR GreenⅠ方法与Taqman商业试剂盒检测结果差异无统计学意义。结论 SYBR GreenⅠReal-time PCR方法简便快速、结果准确、价格低廉,可以满足HBV-DNA拷贝数检测的需要。

Research in Green Modularity Design Methodology

Green design and manufacturing is a proactive approach to minimize wastes during a product’s design stage, thus preventing future environmental impacts. Current modular design method mainly focuses on product functional and manufacturing issues. In this paper, a theoretical scheme of multi-objective modularity analysis for discrete electromechanical product design was proposed. Product physical architecture was represented by a fuzzy graph, where fuzzy relationships contain environmental objectives and influence module formulation. Finally the optimal product modules combining all objectives can be searched by clustering algorithm.