Establishing and protecting the right to development of disabled persons is not only the important part of Xi Jinping’s thought on human rights, but also a reflection of Marxism’s idea of human rights and a requirem...Establishing and protecting the right to development of disabled persons is not only the important part of Xi Jinping’s thought on human rights, but also a reflection of Marxism’s idea of human rights and a requirement of the rule of law in China. It is necessary to promote the protection of the right to development of disabled persons in terms of affirmative action. The Chinese government’s affirmative action requires structural characteristics, including providing the institutional basis for the affirmative action by constructing legal and non-legal institutions, providing an environment conducive for the affirmative action by shaping a more aware social ecology and providing valid guarantees for affirmative action by increasing the responsibility of local governments.展开更多
Objectives:Competence motivates newly employed nurses to provide high-quality care,which leads to appropriate patient care and satisfaction.A nursing orientation program can have a positive impact on new nurses who ar...Objectives:Competence motivates newly employed nurses to provide high-quality care,which leads to appropriate patient care and satisfaction.A nursing orientation program can have a positive impact on new nurses who are joining healthcare organizations.The research examined the orientation program for new nurses in a multicultural setting to redesign the program.Methods:The study was carried out in a multicultural tertiary setting.Action research was used as a research strategy with qualitative content analysis and quantitative evaluation.Seventy nurses were part of the orientation program.The competence of the nurses was assessed using the Nurse Competence Scale.Focus-group discussions were also conducted to find the views of the beneficiaries about the program.Results:The study revealed that the overall competence was high,and there was an overall gain in the competence score(5.48%)among the nurses.Among their competence in different dimensions,new nurses had a maximum gain in competence for the dimension of ensuring quality.However,they showed low competence gain in teaching coaching.The results show that the difference in the overall pre-and post-test scores was statistically significant(P<0.05)in all dimensions except teaching coaching and managing situations,and the program was effective.However,a few challenges were identified in the program.Conclusions:New nurses were found to be competent,and the orientation program had a significant impact on the competence of the nurses.The findings emphasized the need for modification of some content and strategy for future programs.The strategies developed from the findings were presented.This helps hospitals to consider examining specific aspects of the orientation program and redesigning it so it can enrich the experiences of new nurses.展开更多
Environment and development are important issues of common concern to societies of the contemporary world. They have a direct bearing on the destiny of mankind, as well as the future of the world. Their influence exte...Environment and development are important issues of common concern to societies of the contemporary world. They have a direct bearing on the destiny of mankind, as well as the future of the world. Their influence extends to every country, every people and every individual in this world. Forests are the key and bond to carry out the integration of environment and development. It has become a consensus in international society. Forestry shoulders two missions: optimization of the environment and promotion展开更多
The residential energy scheduling of solar energy is an important research area of smart grid. On the demand side, factors such as household loads, storage batteries, the outside public utility grid and renewable ener...The residential energy scheduling of solar energy is an important research area of smart grid. On the demand side, factors such as household loads, storage batteries, the outside public utility grid and renewable energy resources, are combined together as a nonlinear, time-varying, indefinite and complex system, which is difficult to manage or optimize. Many nations have already applied the residential real-time pricing to balance the burden on their grid. In order to enhance electricity efficiency of the residential micro grid, this paper presents an action dependent heuristic dynamic programming(ADHDP) method to solve the residential energy scheduling problem. The highlights of this paper are listed below. First,the weather-type classification is adopted to establish three types of programming models based on the features of the solar energy. In addition, the priorities of different energy resources are set to reduce the loss of electrical energy transmissions.Second, three ADHDP-based neural networks, which can update themselves during applications, are designed to manage the flows of electricity. Third, simulation results show that the proposed scheduling method has effectively reduced the total electricity cost and improved load balancing process. The comparison with the particle swarm optimization algorithm further proves that the present method has a promising effect on energy management to save cost.展开更多
触发执行编程(Trigger-Action Programming,TAP)为用户联动物联网(Internet of Things,IoT)设备提供了便捷的编程范式。利用机器学习对用户已编辑的TAP规则进行分析,实现TAP规则推荐和生成等功能可以提升用户体验。但TAP规则可能包含个...触发执行编程(Trigger-Action Programming,TAP)为用户联动物联网(Internet of Things,IoT)设备提供了便捷的编程范式。利用机器学习对用户已编辑的TAP规则进行分析,实现TAP规则推荐和生成等功能可以提升用户体验。但TAP规则可能包含个人隐私信息,用户对上传和分享TAP信息存在顾虑。文章提出了基于联邦学习和区块链技术的TAP规则处理系统,用户可在本地进行TAP模型训练,无需上传隐私数据。为解决集中式服务器单点故障和防范恶意模型参数上传的问题,文章利用区块链技术改进集中式TAP联邦学习架构。用户将本地模型更新的累积梯度传输给区块链中的矿工,进行异常识别和交叉验证。矿工委员会整合正常用户提供的累积梯度,得到的全局模型作为一个新区块的数据,链接到区块链上,供用户下载使用。文章采用轻量级无监督的非负矩阵分解方法验证了提出的基于联邦学习和区块链的分布式学习架构的有效性。实验证明该联邦学习架构能有效保护TAP数据中的隐私,并且区块链中的矿工能够很好地识别恶意模型参数,确保了模型的稳定性。展开更多
程序性死亡配体1(Programmed cell death ligand 1,PD-L1)是一种Ⅰ型跨膜蛋白,与程序性死亡受体1(Programmed cell death protein 1,PD-1)结合,诱导肿瘤免疫逃逸。靶向PD-1/PD-L1通路的临床免疫治疗逐渐开展,但在部分肿瘤治疗中未能取...程序性死亡配体1(Programmed cell death ligand 1,PD-L1)是一种Ⅰ型跨膜蛋白,与程序性死亡受体1(Programmed cell death protein 1,PD-1)结合,诱导肿瘤免疫逃逸。靶向PD-1/PD-L1通路的临床免疫治疗逐渐开展,但在部分肿瘤治疗中未能取得满意的效果。近年来研究发现PD-L1不仅定位于细胞膜,还定位在细胞质、细胞核或者细胞外,并且发挥相应的功能。本文结合近年来国内外的研究,从细胞核PD-L1(Nuclear PD-L1,nPD-L1)的表达、转运、功能、检测及临床意义等方面进行综述。文献复习结果表明,PD-L1在多种肿瘤细胞核中表达。在外界刺激因素作用下,PD-L1可通过核转运蛋白、信号转导及转录激活蛋白3、蛋白激酶B、细胞外调节蛋白激酶等多个信号通路转运至细胞核内,调控肿瘤增殖和死亡、免疫、血管及干细胞生成。通过免疫组化等方法检测nPD-L1的表达,对肿瘤诊断、治疗、预后、监测及随访均有重要意义,nPD-L1有可能成为新的治疗靶点并进入临床应用。展开更多
提出了一种意向驱动式面向agent程序设计语言——AOPLID(agent-oriented programming language with intention driver).该语言基于开放式情景演算OSC(open situation calculus),吸收了GOLOG的合理成分,加入对信念、意向、能力、策略等a...提出了一种意向驱动式面向agent程序设计语言——AOPLID(agent-oriented programming language with intention driver).该语言基于开放式情景演算OSC(open situation calculus),吸收了GOLOG的合理成分,加入对信念、意向、能力、策略等agent心智成分的处理,使用信念修正原语处理通信交互以及事件响应等外因行动,并采用了一种新颖的离线规划和在线执行相结合的运行方式,从而解决了GOLOG语言在应用于面向agent程序设计时不能有效地描述处理agent心智状态,无法处理外因行动等问题.给出了AOPLID语言语法结构,基于OSC的AOPLID程序语义以及AOPLID程序实例.展开更多
文摘Establishing and protecting the right to development of disabled persons is not only the important part of Xi Jinping’s thought on human rights, but also a reflection of Marxism’s idea of human rights and a requirement of the rule of law in China. It is necessary to promote the protection of the right to development of disabled persons in terms of affirmative action. The Chinese government’s affirmative action requires structural characteristics, including providing the institutional basis for the affirmative action by constructing legal and non-legal institutions, providing an environment conducive for the affirmative action by shaping a more aware social ecology and providing valid guarantees for affirmative action by increasing the responsibility of local governments.
基金The study was supported by a grant from the research center at King Fahad Medical City under RFA:018—049,and this did not influence the results of the study.
文摘Objectives:Competence motivates newly employed nurses to provide high-quality care,which leads to appropriate patient care and satisfaction.A nursing orientation program can have a positive impact on new nurses who are joining healthcare organizations.The research examined the orientation program for new nurses in a multicultural setting to redesign the program.Methods:The study was carried out in a multicultural tertiary setting.Action research was used as a research strategy with qualitative content analysis and quantitative evaluation.Seventy nurses were part of the orientation program.The competence of the nurses was assessed using the Nurse Competence Scale.Focus-group discussions were also conducted to find the views of the beneficiaries about the program.Results:The study revealed that the overall competence was high,and there was an overall gain in the competence score(5.48%)among the nurses.Among their competence in different dimensions,new nurses had a maximum gain in competence for the dimension of ensuring quality.However,they showed low competence gain in teaching coaching.The results show that the difference in the overall pre-and post-test scores was statistically significant(P<0.05)in all dimensions except teaching coaching and managing situations,and the program was effective.However,a few challenges were identified in the program.Conclusions:New nurses were found to be competent,and the orientation program had a significant impact on the competence of the nurses.The findings emphasized the need for modification of some content and strategy for future programs.The strategies developed from the findings were presented.This helps hospitals to consider examining specific aspects of the orientation program and redesigning it so it can enrich the experiences of new nurses.
文摘Environment and development are important issues of common concern to societies of the contemporary world. They have a direct bearing on the destiny of mankind, as well as the future of the world. Their influence extends to every country, every people and every individual in this world. Forests are the key and bond to carry out the integration of environment and development. It has become a consensus in international society. Forestry shoulders two missions: optimization of the environment and promotion
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61533017,U1501251,61374105,61722312)
文摘The residential energy scheduling of solar energy is an important research area of smart grid. On the demand side, factors such as household loads, storage batteries, the outside public utility grid and renewable energy resources, are combined together as a nonlinear, time-varying, indefinite and complex system, which is difficult to manage or optimize. Many nations have already applied the residential real-time pricing to balance the burden on their grid. In order to enhance electricity efficiency of the residential micro grid, this paper presents an action dependent heuristic dynamic programming(ADHDP) method to solve the residential energy scheduling problem. The highlights of this paper are listed below. First,the weather-type classification is adopted to establish three types of programming models based on the features of the solar energy. In addition, the priorities of different energy resources are set to reduce the loss of electrical energy transmissions.Second, three ADHDP-based neural networks, which can update themselves during applications, are designed to manage the flows of electricity. Third, simulation results show that the proposed scheduling method has effectively reduced the total electricity cost and improved load balancing process. The comparison with the particle swarm optimization algorithm further proves that the present method has a promising effect on energy management to save cost.
文摘触发执行编程(Trigger-Action Programming,TAP)为用户联动物联网(Internet of Things,IoT)设备提供了便捷的编程范式。利用机器学习对用户已编辑的TAP规则进行分析,实现TAP规则推荐和生成等功能可以提升用户体验。但TAP规则可能包含个人隐私信息,用户对上传和分享TAP信息存在顾虑。文章提出了基于联邦学习和区块链技术的TAP规则处理系统,用户可在本地进行TAP模型训练,无需上传隐私数据。为解决集中式服务器单点故障和防范恶意模型参数上传的问题,文章利用区块链技术改进集中式TAP联邦学习架构。用户将本地模型更新的累积梯度传输给区块链中的矿工,进行异常识别和交叉验证。矿工委员会整合正常用户提供的累积梯度,得到的全局模型作为一个新区块的数据,链接到区块链上,供用户下载使用。文章采用轻量级无监督的非负矩阵分解方法验证了提出的基于联邦学习和区块链的分布式学习架构的有效性。实验证明该联邦学习架构能有效保护TAP数据中的隐私,并且区块链中的矿工能够很好地识别恶意模型参数,确保了模型的稳定性。
文摘程序性死亡配体1(Programmed cell death ligand 1,PD-L1)是一种Ⅰ型跨膜蛋白,与程序性死亡受体1(Programmed cell death protein 1,PD-1)结合,诱导肿瘤免疫逃逸。靶向PD-1/PD-L1通路的临床免疫治疗逐渐开展,但在部分肿瘤治疗中未能取得满意的效果。近年来研究发现PD-L1不仅定位于细胞膜,还定位在细胞质、细胞核或者细胞外,并且发挥相应的功能。本文结合近年来国内外的研究,从细胞核PD-L1(Nuclear PD-L1,nPD-L1)的表达、转运、功能、检测及临床意义等方面进行综述。文献复习结果表明,PD-L1在多种肿瘤细胞核中表达。在外界刺激因素作用下,PD-L1可通过核转运蛋白、信号转导及转录激活蛋白3、蛋白激酶B、细胞外调节蛋白激酶等多个信号通路转运至细胞核内,调控肿瘤增殖和死亡、免疫、血管及干细胞生成。通过免疫组化等方法检测nPD-L1的表达,对肿瘤诊断、治疗、预后、监测及随访均有重要意义,nPD-L1有可能成为新的治疗靶点并进入临床应用。
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.60003010 (国家自然科学基金) the National Research Foundation for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China under Grant No.97028428 (国家教育部博士点基金)
文摘提出了一种意向驱动式面向agent程序设计语言——AOPLID(agent-oriented programming language with intention driver).该语言基于开放式情景演算OSC(open situation calculus),吸收了GOLOG的合理成分,加入对信念、意向、能力、策略等agent心智成分的处理,使用信念修正原语处理通信交互以及事件响应等外因行动,并采用了一种新颖的离线规划和在线执行相结合的运行方式,从而解决了GOLOG语言在应用于面向agent程序设计时不能有效地描述处理agent心智状态,无法处理外因行动等问题.给出了AOPLID语言语法结构,基于OSC的AOPLID程序语义以及AOPLID程序实例.
