“十七年”时期《中国文学》(Chinese Literature)“计划翻译模式”研究

“十七年”时期以《中国文学》(Chinese Literature)和外文出版社为代表的国家翻译机构翻译实践形成了一种特殊的翻译模式,即“计划翻译模式”。首先,作为中国文学对外翻译的组织者与业务负责人,叶君健经过“下乡”完成知识分子身份认同和思想认识的改造。其次,作为冷战时期中国国家对外文化交流的窗口,《中国文学》精心设计翻译策略,开展国家文学翻译实践。再次,作为国家翻译机构和国家文化单位,外文出版社服务于国家对外宣传的翻译目的。最后,翻译界经过组织化、计划化的整合,成为社会主义文化建设的工具,中国文学对外翻译是冷战时期重要的国家文化工程。

A Case Study of Periodical Terminologies’Mis-translations in History of Chinese Journalism by Ko Kung-chen under Analysis-Synthesis Translation Mode

From the perspective of analysis-synthesis translation mode,this paper discusses the translator’s responsibility and the translator’s role in the translation of historiography,based on the case of Ko Kung-chen’s History of Chinese Journalism.Missionary J.S.Roberts believed that translation is the logical combination of two processes of analysis and synthesis.The analysis process is characterized by understanding,emphasizing accurate understanding and professional analysis of the source text,while the synthesis process focuses on the transformation of language and culture.The two processes are dependent,forming the whole process of translation altogether.As the indisputable subject of translation,the translator should assume his own subjective responsibility in the two processes.The translator should be responsible for the fact and professional academics in the analysis process,and language and culture and translation itself in the synthesis process,playing the role of a reviewer,disseminator and translator to ensure that the translation text would be correct,accurate and professional so as to realize the value of himself and translation.

Analysis of the Teaching of Ancient Chinese History in the Heritage Conservation Technology Major

Ancient Chinese history is an important part of the curriculum of the Heritage Conservation Technology major.Students can better understand the history of cultural relics and improve their humanistic literacy,which will help them in restoring cultural relics.At present,there are numerous challenges in teaching ancient Chinese history in the Heritage Conservation Technology major.These challenges necessitate the development of effective teaching reform strategies.This paper outlines these challenges and explores effective teaching reform strategies to provide a reference for educators.

Discourse Analysis in Translation of Chinese Literature: The Case Study of Yang Xianyi and Gladys Yang’s Translation of Kong Yiji

Since the early 1970s,discourse analysis has garnered significant attention across various academic disciplines,marked by the proliferation of numerous theoretical frameworks.Then the profound impact of discourse analysis on the field of translation research has become increasingly apparent,with a substantial body of translation studies embracing the discourse analysis approach.The disciplinary significance of discourse analysis has become undeniable.Contemporary China is in a relatively weak position in global cultural communication.To advance Chinese culture on the global stage,Chinese literary works serve as a precious channel.To effectively showcase the unique qualities of Chinese literature,translators must consider a multitude of influencing factors and address them judiciously to enable target language readers to fully immerse themselves in the essence of Chinese literary artistry.This paper takes Yang Xianyi and Gladys Yang’s translation of Kong Yiji as an example to elucidate the function of discourse analysis in translation of Chinese literature.

Research on the Foreign Communication of Chinese Science Fiction Literature in the Perspective of Public Diplomacy

In recent years,China’s public diplomacy has flourished,with literary exchanges and external communication undoubtedly becoming an essential part.Particularly with the progress of Chinese technology,science fiction literature has become a focal point both domestically and internationally.This paper investigates the background of the Chinese science fiction literature’s national characteristics,the manifestation of these characteristics in works,and the advantages of communication from three aspects.It also explores new ideas for the external communication of Chinese science fiction literature from the perspective of public diplomacy,inspiring new pathways for the integration of Chinese culture with the world,and telling Chinese stories to the world.

History of recurrent miscarriage in traditional Chinese medicine literature

早在1500多年前,中医古籍对复发性流产就有相应的记载.最早把复发性流产当成生殖异常的记载出现在南北朝时期的古籍《产经》上（420A.D.–589A.D.）,许多治疗复发性流产的经典方剂沿用至今.本文回顾了历代医家对复发性流产的病因病机及治疗的认识,列出了中医治疗复发性流产的经典方,以及现代医学中关于复发性流产的药理学研究和临床研究.

The Transmission,Establishment and Cross-cultural Integration of Chinese Medicine in the Mainstream Healthcare,through the Eyes of a Generation of Visionaries and Pioneers

It has historically been very difficult to trace the history of the westward transmission of Chinese medicine through the accounts of its protagonists. Many of the early scholars such as Jack Worsley, Dick Van Buren, and Joe Goodman were reluctant to divulge information about the source of their knowledge, or their professional qualifications. Others, such as John Shen and Hong Yuan-bain were early 20th century immigrants who transmitted highly personalized versions of acupuncture and Chinese medicine to select disciples. Eventually, a new class of scholars appeared, including names such as Ted Kaptchuk, Peter Deadman, Nigel Wiseman, William Morris, Peter Eckman, John Mc Donald, Charles Buck, and the late Giovanni Maciocia who looked for answers back in China, developed translation methodologies and terminology, compiled the main textbooks currently in use at TCM colleges, overcame enormous scholastic adversity, developed courses and pursued the regulation and accreditation of TCM in various countries. This special issue synopsizes the path towards the global acculturation of TCM over the last 50 years, the main protagonists, the enormous accomplishments they have achieved for the profession, their philosophy, their clinical perspectives and visions for the future.

Analysis of the Differences between Chinese and Western Culture from Love Literature

Love is an eternal theme of world literature.Both the ancient and the modern literature tend to take marriage and love as their paramount theme;however,there is rarely any research sorting out these themes from the perspective of cultural difference.Being engaged in exploring the love literature,this paper intends to make a comparison with Chinese and western perspectives of love and analyzes the embodied culture essences and differences from the comparative researches on their literary status,attitudes towards love,and the choice of themes.

Renovation and Involution — Paradox of Chinese Literature in Modernity

With a special matter, Chinese literature has differences with traditional theories from western countries in essence, so that Chinese literature demonstrates its renovation and involution. The main reason is its trends of modernity. The transformation from oversea exchange is very important. This paper mainly explains the specific content of paradox of Chinese literature in mo dernity, and explores the reasons for differences between China and western countries.

Globalization and Glocalization in the History of Chinese Medicine

The globalization of Chinese medicine, forged through successive waves of migration, cultural exchanges, and economic imperatives, constitutes a nuanced and intricate process with historical roots extending over millennia. It stands as the culmination of interconnected historical events that reverberated beyond the confines of China, emerging as a phenomenon characterized by the adjustment of Chinese medical theories, clinical practices, and materia medica to indigenous customs and healthcare traditions prevalent in both proximate and distant regions. In these glocalized processes, the global and the local intersect and mix. The frameworks of globalization and glocalization allow a critical interpretation of the many hybridizations that have shaped overseas Chinese medicine's history and present.

Research on the Chinese Path to Modernization in History,Key Topics,and Outlook:A Cite Space-based Bibliometric Analysis

In the speech delivered at the centenary celebration of the Communist Party of China(CPC),Xi Jinping,general secretary of the Communist Party of China(CPC)Central Committee,made important remarks on the“Chinese path to modernization.”This term represents the latest achievement China has scored in adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times.It has set the course as China embarks on a new journey of building a strong socialist country with Chinese characteristics and achieving national rejuvenation.Drawing on CiteSpace,we conducted a visualized bibliometric analysis of literature on the Chinese path to modernization by searching the CNKI database using subject terms such as“Chinese modernization,Chinese path to modernization,and Chinese-style modernization.”The findings reveal that:(a)Research on the Chinese path to modernization has gone through three stages:initial establishment,pioneering exploration,and comprehensive in-depth development.(b)Existing literature has covered the four key topics associated with the Chinese path to modernization,namely its essence,goal,methodology,and pioneering achievements.(c)Future research may focus on building up China’s strength in agriculture,developing the digital economy,modernizing China’s system and capacity for governance,and establishing a unique socialist discourse system for Chinese modernization.

Chinese Herbal Medicine for Lung Cancer——A Critical Literature Review(Continued)

CLINICAL STUDIES Clinical studies on Chinese herbal medicine(CHM)in lung cancer(LC)have largely been on anumber of basic formulae selected by syndrome(Zheng)differentiation,or specific formula basedon clinical experience.There have also been anumber of studies comparing combination ofCHMs with either chemotherapy or radiotherapywith chemotherapy or radiotherapy alone,to as-sess any additional benefits or synergistic outcomesof the combination.

Discussion on the Translation of Chinese Ancient Literatures

The Chinese ancient literature has a long history.More and more foreign friends give strong interest into reading and learning it.However,not all the foreign people are proficient at classical Chinese,the metre and rhyme of Chinese poems,thus,translators have to translate these words into English or other languages,which brought a discussion about whether the Chinese ancient poems can be translated or not.This paper starts from this very point,to analyze current situation of the research on Chinese ancient literatures translation,taking Chinese ancient poems as examples,to discuss this topic,and to give opinions and possible solutions.

On the Strategic Paths of the Going Global Strategy of Chinese Literature

The going global strategy of Chinese literature is a vital part of the going global strategy of Chinese culture. In recent years,the Chinese government has launched and strongly supported a series of activities and projects to promote this strategy,but little effect has been produced. Starting from analyzing the predicament and reasons of the current strategy,the essay suggests four strategic paths: enhancing the overall strength of the country to promote the international influence of Chinese culture,strengthening cultural awareness and cultural introspection,integrating the nationality and cosmopolitan of literature and establishing a market-oriented literary translation mechanism.

Chinese Language Teacher Competency: A Literature Review for a Study Series

Teaching is a special profession with complex pedagogical procedures. It prepares qualified workers and citizens who are expected to yield values and bring benefits to the society, the nation, and the whole world (Nessipbayeva, 2012). This makes the profession require well-qualified teachers. In light of this, teachers must have (and be able to exercise) a broad range of competency array every day in an especially complex environment so that students can realize their full academic potential with the help of teachers (Jackson, 1990). The more competent a teacher is, the better students' achievements will be (Johansson, Myrberg,& Rosen, 2015). It is urgent for us to know how to prepare competent teachers.

Treatment of cholecystitis with Chinese herbal medicines:A systematic review of the literature

AIM:To analyze the literature on the use of Chinese herbal medicines for the treatment of cholecystitis.METHODS:The literature on treatment of cholecystitis with traditional Chinese medicines(TCM) was analyzed based on the principles and methods described by evidence-based medicine(EBM).Eight databases including MEDLINE,EMbase,Cochrane Central(CCTR),four Chinese databases(China Biological MedicineDatabase,Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure Database,Database of Chinese Science and Technology Periodicals,Database of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology) and Chinese Clinical Registry Center,were searched.Full text articles or abstracts concerning TCM treatment of cholecystitis were selected,categorized according to study design,the strength of evidence,the first author's hospital type,and analyzed statistically.RESULTS:A search of the literature published from 1977 through 2009 yielded 1468 articles in Chinese and 9 in other languages;and 93.92% of the articles focused on clinical studies.No article was of levelⅠevidence,and 9.26% were of level Ⅱ evidence.The literature cited by Science Citation Index(SCI),MEDLINE and core Chinese medical journals accounted for 0.41%,0.68% and 7.29%,respectively.Typically,the articles featured in case reports of illness,examined from the perspective of EBM,were weak in both quality and evidence level,which inconsistently conflicted with the fact that most of the papers were by authors from Level-3 hospitals,the highest possible level evaluated based on their comprehensive quality and academic authenticity in China.CONCLUSION:The published literature on TCM treatment of cholecystitis is of low quality and based on low evidence,and cognitive medicine may functions as a useful supplementary framework for the evaluation.

What Are the Determinants of China’s Export Growth?―A Systematic Review of Chinese Literature (1997-2016)

The purpose of this review is to communicate the research results of Chinese academia in this field to interested scholars in Western academia.Our review question is:What were the factors that positively or negatively influenced China’s export?We designed a systematic review protocol and then conducted a seven-round in-depth search.After the searching and checking process,a database of 620 academic journal articles was created.Altogether,we find 269 factors have boosted or hindered China’s export.Majority of researches focused on macro level factors.Very few papers studied the firm level or individual level factors.Based on our database,several most frequently studied factors that affect China’s export are identified.In the end,a future research direction is proposed.

For Foreign-Oriented Chinese Literature Translation,What Inspirations Can Be Derived from the Carrying out of the Translation Project of the King James Version of The Bible?

Inspired by the“One Belt,One Road”initiative and the“Going Global”strategy,China has become more deeply involved in foreign exchange.The introduction of Chinese literature to the outside world has been part of China’s soft-power strategy.However,it must be acknowledged that the quality of Chinese literature translation is not satisfactory for several reasons:essentially,issues relating to project management,translators’qualifications,and translation quality control.This essay reviews the translation practice that gave rise to the King James Bible(KJB),with a focus on its project management,translators’qualifications and quality control.It is hoped that this will serve to enlighten professionals in the field of Chinese literature translation.

The Renditions Series and Modern Chinese Literature’s “Going-out”: Its Model and Enlightenment of Translation, Communication and Dissemination

In the process of Chinese Literature’s “Going-out” project, it istypical of the dilemma faced by the external translation and dissemination of modernChinese literature. The Renditions Series serves as a classical case of providing aneffective model of “literature’s overseas distribution”. The successful experience of itstranslating-cum-disseminating model can be concluded as follows: all the translatorsare from China and overseas with cross-cultural background; the selection oftranslation is stylistically far-ranging among the Mainland, Taiwan and Hong Kong,and feminine literature in modern China is highly valued; translating method aims atconvoying the original literary aesthetics, and disseminating channels are manifold;the foreign recipients are common and professional readers; the eminent effects canbe proved by its considerable sales, library collections and acceptance in the targetcountries and regions. From the successful model of translation of Renditions Series,five implications can be made out for the modern Chinese literature’s “Going-global”:domestic and overseas translators cooperate well with all-round cultural identities; theselection holds onto diversification and literary character; various spreading channelsshould be broadened; target readers should be accurately located and continuouslywidened; translating and disseminating effects can be focused on and analyzed, so asto adjust and improve the corresponding sections in the model.

Western Theory and the Study of Classical Chinese Literature in North America

In the second half of the 20th century,humanistic studies in the West witnessed a“theory explosion”.Unlike traditional European Sinology,American Sinology borrowed the latest Western theoretical approaches and formed a unique feature.The emerging Western theory also influenced the study of classical Chinese literature in the USA,with each Sinologist exhibiting a different tendency.In the context of the development of American Sinology and Western theory,this paper examines the Sinologists’change of attitudes in different development stages to unveil the characteristics and tendencies of the study of classical Chinese literature in North America.