Achieving Common Development in Step with the Times

As long as China and the EU adhere to strategic consensuses,keep in step with the times,and maintain mutual trust,they will be able to ensure the prosperity and stability of both sides.

Picturing the Times

A man with his face painted to appear like a spirit,participates in the He Neak Ta ritual in Phum Boeung village,northwest of Phnom Penh,Cambodia,on June 11.Cambodian villagers took part in a rare traditional guardian spirit ceremony praying for good fortune,rain,and prosperity as part of efforts to preserve this ancient tradition.

Picturing the Times

Girls with flowers on their heads at a celebration for the traditional Ngarot festival in West Java,Indonesia,on December 13,2023.The festival is a traditional ceremony to welcome the rice planting season.

Picturing the Times

Cherry blossoms at Qingchuan Pavilion in Wuhan,capital of central China’s Hubei Province,attract throngs of visitors on March 23.Illuminated by night lights,the cherry blossoms shone brightly,creating fantastic scenes of light and shadow with neon-clad bridges and landmark buildings along the Yangtze River.

RL and AHP-Based Multi-Timescale Multi-Clock Source Time Synchronization for Distribution Power Internet of Things

Time synchronization(TS)is crucial for ensuring the secure and reliable functioning of the distribution power Internet of Things(IoT).Multi-clock source time synchronization(MTS)has significant advantages of high reliability and accuracy but still faces challenges such as optimization of the multi-clock source selection and the clock source weight calculation at different timescales,and the coupling of synchronization latency jitter and pulse phase difference.In this paper,the multi-timescale MTS model is conducted,and the reinforcement learning(RL)and analytic hierarchy process(AHP)-based multi-timescale MTS algorithm is designed to improve the weighted summation of synchronization latency jitter standard deviation and average pulse phase difference.Specifically,the multi-clock source selection is optimized based on Softmax in the large timescale,and the clock source weight calculation is optimized based on lower confidence bound-assisted AHP in the small timescale.Simulation shows that the proposed algorithm can effectively reduce time synchronization delay standard deviation and average pulse phase difference.

Times管理方案在心内科护士多参数心电监护仪警报疲劳中的应用

探讨Times管理方案在心内科护士多参数心电监护仪警报疲劳中的应用效果,以提高护士临床警报知识水平,改善警报管理态度和行为,减轻护士的警报疲劳,降低心电监护仪错误警报发生率。

改进YOLOv7-tiny的手语识别算法研究

在与听障人士进行交流时,常常会面临交流不便的困难,文中提出一种手语识别的改进模型来解决这个困难。该模型基于YOLOv7-tiny网络模型,并对其进行了多项改进,旨在提高模型的精度和速度。首先,通过对CBAM注意力机制的通道域进行改进,解决了因降维而造成的通道信息缺失问题,并将改进后的CBAM加入到YOLOv7-tiny的Neck层中,从而使模型更加精准地定位和识别到关键的目标;其次,将传统的CIoU边界框损失函数替换为SIoU边界框损失函数,以加速边界框回归的同时提高定位准确度;此外,为了减少计算量并加快检测速度,还将颈部层中的普通卷积模块替换为Ghost卷积模块。经过实验测试,改进后网络模型的平均精度均值(mAP)、精准率和召回率分别提升了5.31%、6.53%、2.73%,有效地提高了手语识别网络的检测精确度。

基于改进YOLOv7-tiny的高空作业人员安防装备检测算法

针对现有高空作业人员安防装备检测算法参数量较大且检测目标相对单一,难以适应复杂的高空作业场景等问题,提出一种基于改进YOLOv7-tiny的高空作业人员安防装备检测算法。首先,将主干网络重新设计为更轻量的YOLOv7-FasterNet,并调整空间金字塔池化结构,实现模型参数量的压缩;其次,在ELAN-L模块中扩展梯度传输路径的分支,解决了模型压缩造成的通道信息缺失问题,提升了特征信息的提取能力;最后,将网络中下采样部分替换为Involution模块,降低参数冗余,增强网络对全局的捕获能力。实验结果表明,改进的YOLOv7-tiny算法能够更好地适应复杂高空作业场景,在开源数据集上具备良好的性能。该算法的平均检测精度达到94.7%,较原模型提升1.5%,参数量较原模型下降11.6%,实验结果验证了算法改进措施的有效性。

基于改进YOLOv7⁃Tiny的高速公路入口两轮车辆闯入检测

近年来,浙江、福建等省区相继出台相关地方性法规,禁止两轮车辆(摩托车、电动车等)通行高速公路。针对高速公路入口工作人员难以实时检测到两轮车辆闯入的问题,提出一种改进YOLOv7⁃Tiny的两轮车辆闯入检测算法。首先,从VOC2005中提取摩托车图片并增补了带有入口背景的图片后形成新数据集;其次基于YOLOv7⁃tiny,引入ECA注意力机制,使模型更加聚焦训练摩托车相关目标特征。使用ssFPN网络,对小目标特征信息进行增强;采用基于动态非单调机制的WIoU损失函数,提高对于小物体检测的准确性;使用Adam优化器,提升回归过程的收敛速度和准确性。改进后的算法,mAP、Precision、Recall分别提高了2.63、4.01、13.92个百分点,F1提高0.10,表明该方法具有显著的有效性。

基于YOLOv7-tiny改进的口罩佩戴检测算法YOLOv7-DSC

针对密集人群下口罩佩戴检测实时性差、难以部署到移动端的问题,提出基于YOLOv7-tiny改进的口罩佩戴检测算法YOLOv7-DSC。该算法结合深度可分离卷积改进的SE注意力机制设计了一种轻量化特征提取模块,并结合BiFPN设计了一种加权特征融合模块。经实验验证,YOLOv7-DSC算法在口罩数据集上mAP为96.9%,与YOLOv7-tiny算法相比仅降低了0.5%;相比于YOLOv3-tiny、YOLOv4-tiny、YOLOv5s、MobileNetV3、ShuffleNetV2、GhostNet和Swin-Transformer算法在mAP上分别高出13.4%、11.2%、4.5%、5.7%、5.8%、4.2%和5.1%;在检测精度与YOLOv7-tiny算法相当的情况下,参数量和计算量分别减少了60%和55%,仅为2.4 M和6.0 G,极大地降低了硬件成本。

Zr添加及冷轧形变对TiNi合金微观结构及力学性能的影响

采用真空电弧熔炼+吸铸制备Ti_(50-0.5x)Ni_(50-0.5x)Zr_(x)系列合金。金相观察和拉伸力学性能测试表明,添加微量的Zr可有效减小晶粒尺寸而呈现更高的抗拉强度和断后伸长率,过高的Zr含量易导致脆性金属间化合物Zr_(2)Ni的生成而降低力学性能。对Ti_(49.9)Ni_(49.9)Zr_(0.2)合金进行多道次冷轧形变和退火处理,结果表明:Ti_(49.9)Ni_(49.9)Zr_(0.2)合金的抗拉强度σb及断后伸长率δ均随冷轧退火道次的增加而提高,经过四道次的冷轧变形后,二者分别由未经轧制的561 MPa,11.14%提高到768 MPa,35.1%。SEM和TEM微观观察表明,冷轧过程中沿晶分布的硬质Ti_(2)Ni颗粒被剪切、破碎、细化,呈不连续分布。700℃退火处理后,形变组织发生回复再结晶,出现纳米晶和非晶区,且随冷轧形变的增加,基体中可见大量的板条状纳米孪晶组织和高密度位错。

4种植物源性成分多重real-time PCR检测方法的建立及其在食用淀粉中的应用

建立一种可同时快速检测红薯、木薯、马铃薯、玉米源性成分的多重实时聚合酶链式反应(real-time polymerase chain reaction,real-time PCR)方法。分别以红薯g3pdh基因、木薯g3pdh基因、马铃薯UGPase基因、玉米zSSIIb基因为靶基因设计特异性引物和TaqMan探针,以18S rRNA基因为内参基因,建立多重real-time PCR方法,开展方法学验证,并对不同掺入比例模拟样品和实际淀粉样品进行检测。结果显示,该方法具有高通量、特异性强、灵敏度高等优点。与15种非目标源性均无交叉反应;对目标DNA的检测灵敏度可达到3×10^(-3) ng/μL,且具有良好的线性关系和扩增效率;对淀粉样品的检出限可达0.1%,对50份实际样品进行检测,结果与参比方法一致,说明建立的多重real-time PCR法可用于食用淀粉种类掺假鉴别检测。

基于改进YOLOv7⁃tiny的画钟测验识别

画钟测验是筛查认知障碍人群的一种重要医学手段。针对目前画钟测验中存在目标尺度不同和类别不平衡的问题,提出一种基于改进YOLOv7⁃tiny的画钟测验识别算法。为改善尺度变化和小尺度目标检测带来的错检漏检问题,引入BiFPN双向特征金字塔结构,双向信息传递机制可有效融合不同层级特征,捕捉不同尺度特征中更丰富的上下文和细节信息。为提升类别不平衡指标的识别准确度,采用WDLoss损失函数计算损失提高小目标识别敏感性。此外还创建了一个基于认知障碍群体的画钟测验数据集,在此数据集上实验表明,改进后YOLOv7⁃tiny算法对画钟测验数据集所有类别的mAP为94.28%,相比于原YOLOv7⁃tiny模型提高了1.13%,不均衡类别中指针的AP提高了12.2%。

TimeGAN-Informer长时机场能见度预测

能见度的预测对机场的业务决策、保障飞机的安全起降具有重要的意义。针对现有能见度预测模型预测时间较短的问题,提出一种基于TimeGAN Informer(Time Generative Adversarial Network-Informer)的机场能见度预测方法。利用2018—2022年气象和污染物数据,通过相关系数法和递归特征消除法提取出能见度的主要影响因素,使用TimeGAN时间序列生成对抗网络对数据进行扩充,并将Informer长时间序列预测模型应用于能见度预测。结果显示:当预测步长为1 d、2 d、3 d时,TimeGAN Informer的绝对误差(Mean Absolute Error,MAE)分别为2.42、3.13、3.57,比Informer分别降低了0.29、0.27、0.28,比长短时记忆网络(Long Short-Term Memory,LSTM)分别降低了0.28、0.49、0.63;均方根误差(Root Mean Square Error,RMSE)分别为3.03、3.7、4.09,比Informer分别降低了0.38、0.22、0.24,比长短时记忆网络(LSTM)分别降低了0.3、0.5、1.04;百分误差小于30%的分别占测试样本集的78.07%、70.68%、63.84%。尽管随着步长的增加预测效果变差,但在预测步长为3 d时,多数样本的预测误差仍小于30%,实现了对机场区域较为准确的长时能见度预测。

改进YOLOv4-Tiny的面向售货柜损害行为人体检测

无人货柜的安全检测一直是零售领域的热点话题。针对现有人工监控无法及时且有效地捕捉到部分消费者对自助售货柜及其内部商品的损坏行为这一问题,提出了一种改进YOLOv4-Tiny的面向售货柜损害行为人体检测方法。将真实场景采集到的监控视频进行预处理,完成对数据集DMGE-Act的制作,解决场景图像数据源不足的问题。提出了基于YOLOv4-Tiny的改进模型——YOLOv4-TinyX,通过修改神经网络的激活函数进行平滑逼近,分别在主干特征提取网络的最大特征提取层后引入CBAM,在加强特征提取网络中的上采样操作层后引入CA两种不同的注意力机制模块,并且进行了数据不平衡的修正,有效提升了算法的特征提取与检测能力。通过对比实验分析,改进后的模型参数量仅增加2×10^(4)的同时,平均精度均值mAP提升了10.29个百分点,结果表明该算法保持轻量化且对损害行为的检测精度有显著提升。

Brain Time Stack图像融合技术在CT中的应用

目的:分析Brain Time Stack图像融合技术在CT中的应用。方法:选取2021年3月—2022年9月衡水市第四人民医院收治的50例CT检查患者作为研究对象。所有患者进行CT检查并进行Brain Time Stack后处理。比较四组不同部位CT值、标准差(SD)、信噪比(SNR)。比较四组图像主观质量评分。分析不同部位CT值、SD、SNR与图像主观质量评分的相关性。结果:B组的延髓、额叶灰质、额叶白质、小脑内侧、小脑外侧、颞肌肌肉CT值明显低于A组;C组的延髓、脑室、额叶白质、小脑内侧、小脑外侧、颞肌肌肉CT值高于A组;D组延髓、额叶灰质、颞肌肌肉CT值明显低于A组,脑室、额叶白质、小脑外侧CT值明显高于A组;C组延髓、额叶灰质、额叶白质、小脑内侧、小脑外侧、颞肌肌肉CT值明显高于B组;D组延髓、脑室、额叶白质、小脑内侧、小脑外侧、颞肌肌肉CT值明显高于B组;D组延髓、额叶灰质、额叶白质、小脑内侧、小脑外侧、颞肌肌肉CT值明显低于C组;D组脑室CT值明显高于C组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。B组、C组、D组延髓、脑室、额叶灰质、额叶白质、小脑内侧、小脑外侧、颞肌肌肉SD值明显低于A组;C组延髓、脑室、额叶白质、小脑内侧、小脑外侧、颞肌肌肉SD值均明显高于B组;C组额叶灰质SD明显低于B组;D组延髓、脑室、额叶灰质、额叶白质、小脑内侧、小脑外侧、肌肉SD均明显低于B组、C组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。B组、C组、D组延髓、脑室、额叶灰质、额叶白质、小脑内侧、小脑外侧、颞肌肌肉SNR均明显高于A组;C组、D组延髓、额叶灰质、额叶白质、小脑内侧、小脑外侧、颞肌肌肉SNR值明显高于B组;C组、D组脑室SNR明显低于B组;D组延髓、脑室、额叶灰质、额叶白质、小脑内侧、小脑外侧、颞肌肌肉SNR明显高于C组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。D组图像主观质量评分最高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。延髓、脑室、额叶灰质、额叶白质、小脑内侧、小脑外侧及颞肌肌肉SD与主观质量评分呈明显负相关,SNR与主观质量评分间呈明显正相关,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:利用Brain Time Stack图像融合技术对头部CT扫描检查图像处理,动脉期结合前一期及后一期的图像数据在处理后具有更好的质量和更少的噪音。

Association of daily sitting time and leisure-time physical activity with body fat among U.S.adults

Background:Prolonged sitting and reduced physical activity lead to low energy expenditures.However,little is known about the joint impact of daily sitting time and physical activity on body fat distribution.We investigated the independent and joint associations of daily sitting time and physical activity with body fat among adults.Methods:This was a cross-sectional analysis of U.S.nationally representative data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey2011-2018 among adults aged 20 years or older.Daily sitting time and leisure-time physical activity(LTPA)were self-reported using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire.Body fat(total and trunk fat percentage)was determined via dual X-ray absorptiometry.Results:Among 10,808 adults,about 54.6%spent 6 h/day or more sitting;more than one-half reported no LTPA(inactive)or less than 150 min/week LTPA(insufficiently active)with only 43.3%reported 150 min/week or more LTPA(active)in the past week.After fully adjusting for sociodemographic data,lifestyle behaviors,and chronic conditions,prolonged sitting time and low levels of LTPA were associated with higher total and trunk fat percentages in both sexes.When stratifying by LTPA,the association between daily sitting time and body fat appeared to be stronger in those who were inactive/insuufficiently active.In the joint analyses,inactive/insuufficiently active adults who reported sitting more than 8 h/day had the highest total(female:3.99%(95%confidence interval(95%CI):3.09%-4.88%);male:3.79%(95%CI:2.75%-4.82%))and trunk body fat percentages(female:4.21%(95%CI:3.09%-5.32%);male:4.07%(95%CI:2.95%-5.19%))when compared with those who were active and sitting less than 4 h/day.Conclusion:Prolonged daily sitting time was associated with increased body fat among U.S.adults.The higher body fat associated with 6 h/day sitting may not be offset by achieving recommended levels of physical activity.

改进Tiny-YOLOv3的工业钢材瑕疵检测算法

深度学习网络模型参数量大,不适用于嵌入式或移动设备上。针对工业钢材生产过程中的实时检测问题,提出了一种改进的R-Tiny-YOLOv3工业钢材瑕疵检测算法。首先,在Tiny-YOLOv3结构中加入残差网络结构,提高检测的精度。增加了空间金字塔SPP网络模块,提高网络特征提取能力。结合不同网络层的特征信息,将检测提高到三个尺度。然后,选取CIOU作为损失函数,使目标检测框的回归更加稳定。最后对数据集进行数据增强,并在Cambricon 1H8嵌入式平台进行测试。实验结果表明改进的R-Tiny-YOLOv3算法能够实时地检测出瑕疵目标,平均准确率提高了10.8%,运算速度可达39.8帧/s,为工业钢材瑕疵检测的嵌入式应用提供了参考。

Prescribed Performance Tracking Control of Time-Delay Nonlinear Systems With Output Constraints

The problem of prescribed performance tracking control for unknown time-delay nonlinear systems subject to output constraints is dealt with in this paper. In contrast with related works, only the most fundamental requirements, i.e., boundedness and the local Lipschitz condition, are assumed for the allowable time delays. Moreover, we focus on the case where the reference is unknown beforehand, which renders the standard prescribed performance control designs under output constraints infeasible. To conquer these challenges, a novel robust prescribed performance control approach is put forward in this paper.Herein, a reverse tuning function is skillfully constructed and automatically generates a performance envelop for the tracking error. In addition, a unified performance analysis framework based on proof by contradiction and the barrier function is established to reveal the inherent robustness of the control system against the time delays. It turns out that the system output tracks the reference with a preassigned settling time and good accuracy,without constraint violations. A comparative simulation on a two-stage chemical reactor is carried out to illustrate the above theoretical findings.

基于改进YOLOv4-tiny的节肢动物目标检测模型

针对自然环境下节肢动物背景复杂、形态万千、遮挡目标和目标尺度多样等因素,导致模型检测效率不高、边界框定位不准确的情况,提出一种基于改进YOLOv4-tiny的节肢动物目标检测模型。首先,结合空间、通道卷积注意力机制(CBAM),抑制背景噪声;其次,引入可变形卷积(DCN)以及改进的加权双向特征金字塔,重塑卷积和特征融合方式进行多尺度预测;最后,在FPN网络中引出一层Feat@3,嵌入空间金字塔池化结构,有效提取节肢动物的各种显著特征,使模型泛化能力更强,将改进后的模型命名为YOLOv4-tiny-ATO。实验结果表明,该模型在大小仅为54.6 Mb的前提下,很好地平衡了检测速度和检测精度,检测精度为0.725,检测速度达到89.6帧·s-1,召回率为0.585,较改进前相比YOLOv4-tiny模型,检测精度提高0.426,模型在模型大小、检测速度上更适用于移动端部署,模型检测精度也能达到应用标准,满足对节肢动物的检测需求。