Bovine tuberculosis(bTB)is a chronic zoonotic disease that is endemic in China.Current in-vitro tests for bTB are mainly based on blood assays.Collection of samples results in some stress to the sampled cattle and ass...Bovine tuberculosis(bTB)is a chronic zoonotic disease that is endemic in China.Current in-vitro tests for bTB are mainly based on blood assays.Collection of samples results in some stress to the sampled cattle and associated economic losses for the herd owner.This study was designed to investigate the relationship between milk and serum antibody tests for bTB in dairy cows using 85 cows with milk and corresponding blood samples.Totally 4,395 milk samples were used to assesse the apparent(test)prevalence and incidence of bTB using the milk antibody ELISA.The association between levels of bTB milk antibody and milk quality was also evaluated.Milk and serum antibody tests showed a good correlation with a 87.5%(95%CI:61.7%,98.4)positive agreement and 98.7%(95%CI:95.4,99.8)negative agreement.The animal level lactoprevalence ranged from 0.3%(95%CI:0,1.2)to 33.3%(95%CI:26.6,40.6)in different farms and the incidence rate ranged from 0 head/cow-month(95%CI:0,0.02)to 0.04 head/cow-month(95%CI:0.02,0.07).Twenty percent of sampled farms met the criteria for bTB control in China.The prevalence on large-scale farms was lower(p<0.001)than on small farms.The bTB milk antibody levels had a negative correlation with milk yield and a positive correlation with somatic cell count(SCC),milk protein percentage(MPP)and percentage of total solids(TS).According to this research,milk ELISA could be used as a supplement of blood samples to assist in the surveillance for bTB and for alerting control and eradication of bTB.展开更多
AIM: To further define variables associated with increased incidences of severe toxicities following administration of yttrium-90 (<sup>90</sup>Y) microspheres.METHODS: Fifty-eight patients undergoing 79 t...AIM: To further define variables associated with increased incidences of severe toxicities following administration of yttrium-90 (<sup>90</sup>Y) microspheres.METHODS: Fifty-eight patients undergoing 79 treatments were retrospectively assessed for development of clinical and laboratory toxicity incidence following <sup>90</sup>Y administration. Severe toxicity events were defined using Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 4.03 and defined as grade ≥ 3. Univariate logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the effect of different factors on the incidence of severe toxicity events. Multicollinearity was assessed for all factors with P < 0.1 using Pearson correlation matrices. All factors not excluded due to multicollinearity were included in a multivariate logistic regression model for each measurement of severe toxicity.RESULTS: Severe (grade ≥ 3) toxicities occurred following 21.5% of the 79 treatments included in our analysis. The most common severe laboratory toxicities were severe alkaline phosphatase (17.7%), albumin (12.7%), and total bilirubin (10.1%) toxicities. Decreased pre-treatment albumin (OR = 26.2, P = 0.010) and increased pre-treatment international normalized ratio (INR) (OR = 17.7, P = 0.048) were associated with development of severe hepatic toxicity. Increased pre-treatment aspartate aminotransferase (AST; OR = 7.4, P = 0.025) and decreased pre-treatment hemoglobin (OR = 12.5, P = 0.025) were associated with severe albumin toxicity. Increasing pre-treatment model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score (OR = 1.8, P = 0.033) was associated with severe total bilirubin toxicity. Colorectal adenocarcinoma histology was associated with severe alkaline phosphatase toxicity (OR = 5.4, P = 0.043).CONCLUSION: Clinicians should carefully consider pre-treatment albumin, INR, AST, hemoglobin, MELD, and colorectal histology when choosing appropriate candidates for <sup>90</sup>Y microsphere therapy.展开更多
One of the most commonly used non-invasive methods for assessing human exposure to pollution is the analysis of human milk.Human milk analyses help estimate the exposure of infants[1].This is why breast milk is receiv...One of the most commonly used non-invasive methods for assessing human exposure to pollution is the analysis of human milk.Human milk analyses help estimate the exposure of infants[1].This is why breast milk is receives scientific interest,and various methods for determining different pollutants from the environment are being developed[2,3].展开更多
One hundred and five raw cow milk samples were collected from cattle farms located in Fieri from 2007 to 2009 and have been analyzed for presence of coagulase positive Staphylococcus aureus. Nineteen samples were conf...One hundred and five raw cow milk samples were collected from cattle farms located in Fieri from 2007 to 2009 and have been analyzed for presence of coagulase positive Staphylococcus aureus. Nineteen samples were confirmed positive for the presence of this pathogen. Stapylococcus aureus isolates identified appeared typically and atypically characteristics of growth colonies in Baird Parker agar plates at 37°C for 24-48 h. 6 out of 19 strains showed typical characteristics and 13 out 19 （68%） isolates had atypical characteristics. Coagulase positive Staphylococcus aureus was found in 18% （1911 05） of fresh milk samples. Milk produced by cows with subclinical mastitis largely influences Staphylococcus aureus count of bulk tank milk than contamination of milking and milk handling equipment by this pathogen. All S. aureus isolates were coagulase positive. 5 （or about 25%） of isolates of S. aureus identified were resistant to penicillin, 7 out 19 isolates or 36% resistant to methicilin and 9 out 19 strains or 47% resistant to vancomycin. Another objective of this study was the evaluation of the number of S. aureus per mL raw milk. The results confirmed that II （57.8%） out of 19 positive cases had more than 100 cfu/mL, indicating a possible risk for intoxication caused by production of entertoxines of coagulase positive S. aureus.展开更多
The present study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation of xylooligosaecharides （XOS） and probiotics （PR） on performance, milk compo- sition and diarrhea incidence of sows or their offspring. From da...The present study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation of xylooligosaecharides （XOS） and probiotics （PR） on performance, milk compo- sition and diarrhea incidence of sows or their offspring. From day 90 of gestation until weaning, a total of 60 muhiparous sows were randomly assigned to three groups and given three different diets that included either the control diet （ sCON, n = 20 ）, the control diet containing 175 mg/kg XOS （ sXOS, n = 20 ） or 175 mg/kg XOS and 300 mg/kg probiotics （sXOS ＋ PR, n =20）. On day 21 of age, offspring were assigned within sow treatments to the piglet basal diet （pCON） or the piglet basal, diet supplemented with 175 mg/kg XOS （pXOS） for 28 d. Sow feed intake was recorded daily. Body weight and feed consumption of the pigs in each replicate were determined biweekly （on day 0, 14 and 28） to calculate the average daily gain （ADG） of body weight, average daily feed intake （ADFI） and the gain-to-feed ratio （ G： F）. The colostrum and milk samples were obtained on day 0 and 14 of lactation, respectively. Sow XOS or XOS ＋ PR dietary had no effect on the number of total piglets born and born alive and the piglet weight at birth. Milk composition in sow colostrum and milk were not affected by sow diet XOS or （ XOS ＋ PR） supplementation （ P 〉 0.05 ）. No maternal dietary effect was observed on the weaning weight and pre-weaning weight gains of piglets. However, there were interaction effects between sow and piglet dietary treatments on diarrhea rate and diarrhea index during day 35 -49 （P = 0.03 ） and day 21 -49 （P =0.02）. Although sow diet XOS and （XOS ＋ PR ） supplementation did not influence growth performance of weanling piglets, such as ADG and ADFI （ P 〉0.05 ）, piglets XOS supplementation significantly decreased ADFI during the whole experiment period and increased G： F during day 35 -49 and day 21 -49 （ P 〈0.05 ）. These results might suggest that combination of XOS and PR in sow diets had negative impact on the diarrhea incidence of offspring. XOS supplementation in weaned piglet diets decreased ADFI and feed conversion efficiency of weaning piglets.展开更多
基金the Natural Science Foundation of China(U21A20259)National Key Research and Development Program of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region(2021BEF02028)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(2021CFA016)China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA and Basic and technical innovation team for prevention and control of bovine disease.
文摘Bovine tuberculosis(bTB)is a chronic zoonotic disease that is endemic in China.Current in-vitro tests for bTB are mainly based on blood assays.Collection of samples results in some stress to the sampled cattle and associated economic losses for the herd owner.This study was designed to investigate the relationship between milk and serum antibody tests for bTB in dairy cows using 85 cows with milk and corresponding blood samples.Totally 4,395 milk samples were used to assesse the apparent(test)prevalence and incidence of bTB using the milk antibody ELISA.The association between levels of bTB milk antibody and milk quality was also evaluated.Milk and serum antibody tests showed a good correlation with a 87.5%(95%CI:61.7%,98.4)positive agreement and 98.7%(95%CI:95.4,99.8)negative agreement.The animal level lactoprevalence ranged from 0.3%(95%CI:0,1.2)to 33.3%(95%CI:26.6,40.6)in different farms and the incidence rate ranged from 0 head/cow-month(95%CI:0,0.02)to 0.04 head/cow-month(95%CI:0.02,0.07).Twenty percent of sampled farms met the criteria for bTB control in China.The prevalence on large-scale farms was lower(p<0.001)than on small farms.The bTB milk antibody levels had a negative correlation with milk yield and a positive correlation with somatic cell count(SCC),milk protein percentage(MPP)and percentage of total solids(TS).According to this research,milk ELISA could be used as a supplement of blood samples to assist in the surveillance for bTB and for alerting control and eradication of bTB.
基金Supported by the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences of the National Institutes of Health under award number UL1TR00165 through our institution’s Center for Clinical and Translational Science(in part)
文摘AIM: To further define variables associated with increased incidences of severe toxicities following administration of yttrium-90 (<sup>90</sup>Y) microspheres.METHODS: Fifty-eight patients undergoing 79 treatments were retrospectively assessed for development of clinical and laboratory toxicity incidence following <sup>90</sup>Y administration. Severe toxicity events were defined using Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 4.03 and defined as grade ≥ 3. Univariate logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the effect of different factors on the incidence of severe toxicity events. Multicollinearity was assessed for all factors with P < 0.1 using Pearson correlation matrices. All factors not excluded due to multicollinearity were included in a multivariate logistic regression model for each measurement of severe toxicity.RESULTS: Severe (grade ≥ 3) toxicities occurred following 21.5% of the 79 treatments included in our analysis. The most common severe laboratory toxicities were severe alkaline phosphatase (17.7%), albumin (12.7%), and total bilirubin (10.1%) toxicities. Decreased pre-treatment albumin (OR = 26.2, P = 0.010) and increased pre-treatment international normalized ratio (INR) (OR = 17.7, P = 0.048) were associated with development of severe hepatic toxicity. Increased pre-treatment aspartate aminotransferase (AST; OR = 7.4, P = 0.025) and decreased pre-treatment hemoglobin (OR = 12.5, P = 0.025) were associated with severe albumin toxicity. Increasing pre-treatment model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score (OR = 1.8, P = 0.033) was associated with severe total bilirubin toxicity. Colorectal adenocarcinoma histology was associated with severe alkaline phosphatase toxicity (OR = 5.4, P = 0.043).CONCLUSION: Clinicians should carefully consider pre-treatment albumin, INR, AST, hemoglobin, MELD, and colorectal histology when choosing appropriate candidates for <sup>90</sup>Y microsphere therapy.
基金supported by the Bilateral Scientific-research Project between the Republic of Croatia and Serbia 2019-2020[337-00-205/2019-09/22]Croatian Science Foundation[Project OPENTOX,No.8366]the Ministry of Education,Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia[Project No.III43007].
文摘One of the most commonly used non-invasive methods for assessing human exposure to pollution is the analysis of human milk.Human milk analyses help estimate the exposure of infants[1].This is why breast milk is receives scientific interest,and various methods for determining different pollutants from the environment are being developed[2,3].
文摘One hundred and five raw cow milk samples were collected from cattle farms located in Fieri from 2007 to 2009 and have been analyzed for presence of coagulase positive Staphylococcus aureus. Nineteen samples were confirmed positive for the presence of this pathogen. Stapylococcus aureus isolates identified appeared typically and atypically characteristics of growth colonies in Baird Parker agar plates at 37°C for 24-48 h. 6 out of 19 strains showed typical characteristics and 13 out 19 （68%） isolates had atypical characteristics. Coagulase positive Staphylococcus aureus was found in 18% （1911 05） of fresh milk samples. Milk produced by cows with subclinical mastitis largely influences Staphylococcus aureus count of bulk tank milk than contamination of milking and milk handling equipment by this pathogen. All S. aureus isolates were coagulase positive. 5 （or about 25%） of isolates of S. aureus identified were resistant to penicillin, 7 out 19 isolates or 36% resistant to methicilin and 9 out 19 strains or 47% resistant to vancomycin. Another objective of this study was the evaluation of the number of S. aureus per mL raw milk. The results confirmed that II （57.8%） out of 19 positive cases had more than 100 cfu/mL, indicating a possible risk for intoxication caused by production of entertoxines of coagulase positive S. aureus.
文摘The present study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation of xylooligosaecharides （XOS） and probiotics （PR） on performance, milk compo- sition and diarrhea incidence of sows or their offspring. From day 90 of gestation until weaning, a total of 60 muhiparous sows were randomly assigned to three groups and given three different diets that included either the control diet （ sCON, n = 20 ）, the control diet containing 175 mg/kg XOS （ sXOS, n = 20 ） or 175 mg/kg XOS and 300 mg/kg probiotics （sXOS ＋ PR, n =20）. On day 21 of age, offspring were assigned within sow treatments to the piglet basal diet （pCON） or the piglet basal, diet supplemented with 175 mg/kg XOS （pXOS） for 28 d. Sow feed intake was recorded daily. Body weight and feed consumption of the pigs in each replicate were determined biweekly （on day 0, 14 and 28） to calculate the average daily gain （ADG） of body weight, average daily feed intake （ADFI） and the gain-to-feed ratio （ G： F）. The colostrum and milk samples were obtained on day 0 and 14 of lactation, respectively. Sow XOS or XOS ＋ PR dietary had no effect on the number of total piglets born and born alive and the piglet weight at birth. Milk composition in sow colostrum and milk were not affected by sow diet XOS or （ XOS ＋ PR） supplementation （ P 〉 0.05 ）. No maternal dietary effect was observed on the weaning weight and pre-weaning weight gains of piglets. However, there were interaction effects between sow and piglet dietary treatments on diarrhea rate and diarrhea index during day 35 -49 （P = 0.03 ） and day 21 -49 （P =0.02）. Although sow diet XOS and （XOS ＋ PR ） supplementation did not influence growth performance of weanling piglets, such as ADG and ADFI （ P 〉0.05 ）, piglets XOS supplementation significantly decreased ADFI during the whole experiment period and increased G： F during day 35 -49 and day 21 -49 （ P 〈0.05 ）. These results might suggest that combination of XOS and PR in sow diets had negative impact on the diarrhea incidence of offspring. XOS supplementation in weaned piglet diets decreased ADFI and feed conversion efficiency of weaning piglets.
