Improved Ant Colony Algorithm for Vehicle Scheduling Problem in Airport Ground Service Support

Support vehicles are part of the main body of airport ground operations,and their scheduling efficiency directly impacts flight delays.A mathematical model is constructed and the responsiveness of support vehicles for current operational demands is proposed to study optimization algorithms for vehicle scheduling.The model is based on the constraint relationship of the initial operation time,time window,and gate position distribution,which gives an improvement to the ant colony algorithm(ACO).The impacts of the improved ACO as used for support vehicle optimization are compared and analyzed.The results show that the scheduling scheme of refueling trucks based on the improved ACO can reduce flight delays caused by refueling operations by 56.87%,indicating the improved ACO can improve support vehicle scheduling.Besides,the improved ACO can jump out of local optima,which can balance the working time of refueling trucks.This research optimizes the scheduling scheme of support vehicles under the existing conditions of airports,which has practical significance to fully utilize ground service resources,improve the efficiency of airport ground operations,and effectively reduce flight delays caused by ground service support.

Series-parallel Hybrid Vehicle Control Strategy Design and Optimization Using Real-valued Genetic Algorithm

Despite the series-parallel hybrid electric vehicle inherits the performance advantages from both series and parallel hybrid electric vehicle, few researches about the series-parallel hybrid electric vehicle have been revealed because of its complex co nstruction and control strategy. In this paper, a series-parallel hybrid electric bus as well as its control strategy is revealed, and a control parameter optimization approach using the real-valued genetic algorithm is proposed. The optimization objective is to minimize the fuel consumption while sustain the battery state of charge, a tangent penalty function of state of charge（SOC） is embodied in the objective function to recast this multi-objective nonlinear optimization problem as a single linear optimization problem. For this strategy, the vehicle operating mode is switched based on the vehicle speed, and an ＂optimal line＂ typed strategy is designed for the parallel control. The optimization parameters include the speed threshold for mode switching, the highest state of charge allowed, the lowest state of charge allowed and the scale factor of the engine optimal torque to the engine maximum torque at a rotational speed. They are optimized through numerical experiments based on real-value genes, arithmetic crossover and mutation operators. The hybrid bus has been evaluated at the Chinese Transit Bus City Driving Cycle via road test, in which a control area network-based monitor system was used to trace the driving schedule. The test result shows that this approach is feasible for the control parameter optimization. This approach can be applied to not only the novel construction presented in this paper, but also other types of hybrid electric vehicles.

Autonomous Vehicle Design in Lean Product Development Processes for Value Stream Map

The global automotive industry is giving a difficult and common test in order to create advanced life models in the near future plans or scenarios that include current autonomous vehicle technologies. Therefore, the main purpose of the research is to comparatively evaluate the impact of autonomous vehicle technologies, which are newly included in the automotive manufacturing industry under sustainable competition, on lean product development processes, value acquisition and preservation, in different organizational structures in the approach. Although mergers or brand acquisitions in the global automotive industry create joint R & D (Research Development) or joint new P & D (Product Development) process structures for the development of autonomous vehicle technologies, heavy competition continues in the market. These new processes create different needs for the merger and partnership of the renewed traffic infrastructures under national and international regulations, and for the implementation of the new autonomous life model. Firm and brand marriages, mergers or acquisitions in today’s automotive industry have ensured the high diffusion of lean product development processes under the stream of value creation or preservation carried out specific to the company under competition. Brand mergers in automotive industry companies struggling to survive under high competition create new work disciplines, professions, and engineering flow steps in lean product development processes. However, lean product development processes driven by technological innovation under simplification have resulted in the integration of parts and systems within the autonomous vehicle design structure, as well as creating new interdisciplinary value streams or different stakeholders. Therefore, the research revealed the significant effects of lean product development processes on the value stream in the automotive industry, on the mixed and lean product development process structure formed by new or existing vehicle systems (conventional vehicle) under the penetration of each existing and new discipline. This research compares the efficient operation steps of the process stakeholders in the autonomous vehicle design parts or systems containing innovation and new technology together with the value stream in the lean product development process, and the new process stakeholder’s business-oriented global and local automotive industry companies. New autonomous vehicle technologies, together with their unique software, hardware and development analysis, have been involved in the lean product development process with their interdisciplinary studies or expertise. Therefore, the study firstly focused on the technologies in environmental use together with the new basic features of autonomous vehicles, and then examined in depth the new or existing disciplines and interdisciplinary basic structure that these innovations affect under the value stream in the lean product development process. In addition, micro-level results and recommendations were shared, shedding light on how autonomous vehicle levels will create changes in the new product development process.

Noise and vibration measurements in a Viking military vehicle

Noise and whole-body vibration measurements were made in a Viking military vehicle to determine the variation that should be expected during repeat measures,the effect of speed(up to 60 km/h in 5 km/h increments),and during travel over different types of terrain(comprising concrete road,gravel track and rough cross-country).Measurements were made at various crew positions(including the driver and commander)in both the front and the rear cabs in the vehicles.Three translational axes of vibration were measured in each seat.Two speeds were investigated over road(35 km/h and 55e60 km/h)and gravel(20 km/h and 35 km/h)surfaces.The effect of varying speed of the vehicle on the measured noise and vibration magnitudes was also investigated.The highest sound pressure level(LAeq)of 104 dB(A)was measured at the commander’s standing position during travel over concrete road at 55 km/h.Higher noise levels occurred for a standing commander compared with when sitting on the seat.A maximum single axis frequency-weighted vibration magnitude of 1.0 m/s^(2) r.m.s.was measured on the driver’s seat during travel over track at 35 km/h.Higher vibration magnitudes occurred during travel over track compared with travel over road.Both noise and vibration exposure of crew within the Viking vehicle increased with increasing speed of the vehicle.

HOSVD-based LPV modeling and mixed robust H_2/H_∞ control design for air-breathing hypersonic vehicle

This paper focuses on synthesizing a mixed robust H_2/H_∞ linear parameter varying（LPV） controller for the longitudinal motion of an air-breathing hypersonic vehicle via a high order singular value decomposition（HOSVD） approach.The design of hypersonic flight control systems is highly challenging due to the enormous complexity of the vehicle dynamics and the presence of significant uncertainties.Motivated by recent results on both LPV control and tensor-product（TP） model transformation approach,the velocity and altitude tracking control problems for the air-breathing hypersonic vehicle is reduced to that of a state feedback stabilizing controller design for a polytopic LPV system with guaranteed performances.The controller implementation is converted into a convex optimization problem with parameterdependent linear matrix inequalities（LMIs） constraints,which is intuitively tractable using LMI control toolbox.Finally,numerical simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

RFHUI:an RFID based human-unmanned aerial vehicle interaction system in an indoor environment

In this paper,we present an RFID based human and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV)Interaction system,termed RFHUI,to provide an intuitive and easy-to-operate method to navigate a UAV in an indoor environment.It relies on the passive Radio-Frequency IDentification(RFID)technology to precisely track the pose of a handheld controller,and then transfer the pose information to navigate the UAV.A prototype of the handheld controller is created by attaching three or more Ultra High Frequency(UHF)RFID tags to a board.A Commercial Off-The-Shelf(COTS)RFID reader with multiple antennas is deployed to collect the observations of the tags.First,the precise positions of all the tags can be obtained by our proposed method,which leverages a Bayesian filter and Channel State Information(CSI)phase measurements collected from the RFID reader.Second,we introduce a Singular Value Decomposition(SVD)based approach to obtain a 6-DoF(Degrees of Freedom)pose of the controller from estimated positions of the tags.Furthermore,the pose of the controller can be precisely tracked in a real-time manner,while the user moves the controller.Finally,control commands will be generated from the controller's pose and sent to the UAV for navigation.The performance of the RFHUI is evaluated by several experiments.The results show that it provides precise poses with 0.045m mean error in position and 2.5∘mean error in orientation for the controller,and enables the controller to precisely and intuitively navigate the UAV in an indoor environment.

Review of the Effectiveness of Vehicle Activated Signs

This paper reviews the effectiveness of vehicle activated signs. Vehicle activated signs are being reportedly used in recent years to display dynamic information to road users on an individual basis in order to give a warning or inform about a specific event. Vehicle activated signs are triggered individually by vehicles when a certain criteria is met. An example of such criteria is to trigger a speed limit sign when the driver exceeds a pre-set threshold speed. The preset threshold is usually set to a constant value which is often equal, or relative, to the speed limit on a particular road segment. This review examines in detail the basis for the configuration of the existing sign types in previous studies and explores the relation between the configuration of the sign and their impact on driver behavior and sign efficiency. Most of previous studies show that these signs have significant impact on driver behavior, traffic safety and traffic efficincy. In most cases the signs deployed have yielded reductions in mean speeds, in speed variation and in longer head-ways. However most experiments reported within the area were performed with the signs set to a certain static configuration within applicable conditions. Since some of the aforementioned factors are dynamic in nature, it is felt that the configurations of these signs were thus not carefully considered by previous researchers and there is no clear statement in the previous studies describing the relationship between the trigger value and its consequences under different conditions. Bearing in mind that different designs of vehicle activated signs can give a different impact under certain conditions of road, traffic and weather conditions the current work suggests that variable speed thresholds should be considered instead.

直写成型用碳化硅浆料及其流变性能研究

碳化硅(SiC)凭借高强度、轻质性以及耐高温性能等优势已成为时下应用最广泛的陶瓷材料之一。传统的制备方法生产周期长、成本高且难以制造相对复杂结构的陶瓷。本文利用直写成型方法制备三维复杂结构的SiC陶瓷,研究分散剂含量、pH值、固相体积分数和增稠剂等因素对SiC浆料流变性能的影响,制备可打印的SiC浆料并直写成型,获得SiC的三维点阵结构。结果表明:调节分散剂含量能使浆料黏度获得最低值;pH值影响分散剂的解离度进而改变浆料的黏度;固相体积分数越高,打印结构完整性越好;添加甲基纤维素(MC)可增加浆料的黏度和剪切弹性模量,使其可打印。优化的SiC浆料配方为:分散剂聚丙烯酸(PAA)质量分数为0.01%,固相体积分数为63%和MC质量分数为0.04%,pH>10。

语文写作增值评价的内在理路及其价值实现

随着新时代教育评价改革的推进,增值评价已成重要探索方向。将增值评价运用于中小学语文写作教学领域,其内在理路表现为发展性的写作效益、综合性的写作素养、真实性的写作体验以及混合性的写作测评。其核心价值在于引领传统语文写作教学在素养时代实现深度变革:以增值评价撬动写作课程改革,重塑育人为本的写作课程理念、重构素养取向的写作课程内容、靶向循证为要的写作课程实施;以增值评价推动写作教学改进,改善功利学习收益的浅表化,转变传统写作过程的机械化,促进内隐能力结构的可视化,驱动无序写作行为的导向化。

日记的教育价值——朱永新与剑桥大学社会人类学系艾伦•麦克法兰教授的对话

作为人们日常生活的重要组成部分,日记不仅是教育生活的记录方式,它也在历史研究和文化塑造中扮演至关重要的角色,但是,有关日记在个人成长、家庭传承、历史研究等方面的教育价值还没有得到充分挖掘。本文通过朱永新与剑桥大学社会人类学系教授艾伦·麦克法兰进行的对话,重申了日记在作为教育生活的记录方式、作为历史人类学的研究方法、作为促进师生成长的行动路径等方面所具有的重要教育价值,并解释了撰写日记的主要原因以及介绍了周记、月记、书信等日记的其他补充形式,最后结合新教育实验共读共写共同生活的理念提出了共同体写作的日记写作形式。

新文科建设与中国美术史书写的“破”与“立”

新文科建设背景下的中国美术史书写维度,应该是在充分尊重中国文化传统生成的语境下,通过学科交叉和跨界融通,在原有学科体系基础上不断升华与拓展,从学科交叉的边界拓展新的研究领域与新的知识领域,以包容的姿态和学科新理念,进一步激活中国美术历史写作范式的多种可能和可行性,构筑更加完备的美术学科体系、学术体系和话语体系。与此同时,新文科建设所倡导的中国美术史研究如其他人文学科研究一样,在发挥自身学科优势的同时,强化民族文化自信心和自豪感,为提高国家文化软实力和影响力发挥积极作用,提升新文科教育以文化人等方面的新动能,进而对塑造新时代人的精神品格、美育素养和价值观念产生深远影响。

考虑负荷空间均衡和充电站合作博弈的快速充电定价机制

为了平衡快速充电负荷空间分布,提高电动汽车用户充电满意度,提出考虑负荷空间均衡和充电站合作博弈的快速充电动态定价机制。首先,通过实际订单数据逆地理编码得到出行概率转移矩阵,结合路网模型和速度-流量模型建立电动汽车充电负荷时空分布模型;然后,考虑用户主观意愿,建立计及用户偏好的充电站选择决策模型,模拟用户对于充电站选择的理性决策行为;最后,以充电站节点负荷均衡性为目标,建立区域内快速充电站合作模式下的动态定价博弈模型,通过迭代算法求解均衡值,并利用Shapley值法对合作联盟所得剩余收益进行分配。仿真实例表明,所提快速充电站动态定价策略能有效降低充电站节点的负荷方差,提高充电桩利用率和充电站收益,并减小用户排队时间,提高用户满意度。

课程思政视域下疾病书写的教学设计——以《十四级台阶》为例

高校英语专业的《综合英语》教材融入了大量的文学作品,如何从教材中的疾病书写中挖掘出个体的意志、情感以及社会责任意识,是一个值得探索的问题。教学设计以《十四级台阶》为例,以学生为中心的理念,通过线上线下混合教学模式,在课前、课中和课后设计内容丰富且形式多样的活动,将英语第一课堂和第二课堂相结合,引导学生在学习基本语言技能的同时进行批判性思考、创造性写作、文学素养提升和研究性学习,担当积极价值观的传播者和践行者。

技术密集型产业区域产业链建构路径研究

签署《区域全面经济伙伴关系协定》(RCEP)等自由贸易协定,不仅能够提高成员国间货物、技术、投资、人员往来频率,也可为域内国家技术密集型产业自主发展提供重要机会。然而,构建区域自主产业链存在技术创新资源、全产业链资源、大市场资源开发利用不足,政策及市场资源组织调配能力发挥不充分,各环节价值累积减少等问题。为此,针对技术密集型产业区域产业链建构的关键要素与实现路径,采取案例研究方法,对我国新能源汽车产业东亚地区产业链建构过程进行研究,从创新链、产业链、价值链、企业培育及市场拓展角度分析其形成机制。研究发现,我国新能源汽车区域产业链建构经历基础技术攻关、国内市场及产业链培育、国内外区域产业链及产业集群建立3个阶段;政策、创新链及产业链协同发展,形成政策主导到市场主导、国内创新链到区域协同创新体系、传统产业到区域产业链的全路径。研究可为具有特定产业结构和产品特性的技术密集型产业实现区域产业链建构提供理论框架和实践启示。

奇异值分解五阶容积卡尔曼滤波汽车状态估计

针对三阶滤波对高维汽车非线性模型估计精度有限的问题,以电动汽车为研究对象,提出了一种基于奇异值分解的五阶容积卡尔曼滤波(SVD-FCKF)车辆状态估计器。首先基于Dugoff轮胎模型,构建高维非线性7自由度车辆动力学模型。然后根据三阶球面-径向容积规则将CKF拓展到五阶,使其具有五阶泰勒级数展开精度,同时利用奇异值分解代替传统Cholesky分解,提高估计器的鲁棒性。最后利用Carsim和Matlab/Simulink联合仿真平台对SVD-FCKF进行验证,结果表明:改进的SVD-FCKF估计器能够有效提高电动汽车纵向速度、侧向速度、质心侧偏角和四轮转速的估计精度和稳定性,多工况适应能力强,整体估计效果优于CKF估计器。研究结果为电动汽车主动安全研究提供了理论支撑,具有实际应用价值。

成都市汽油车尾气遥感检测数据排放限值研究

为加强成都市移动源排放管控,采用2021年成都市4个遥感检测点位检测的汽油车尾气排放数据,根据检测环境条件、车辆行驶状态筛选出有效遥感检测数据集,采用广义Pareto分布(GPD)函数对筛选后的数据集进行拟合,使用Kolmogorov-Smirnov检验(简称K-S检验)确定拟合最优的阈值,将最终确定的阈值作为污染物排放限值。结果表明:(1)GPD函数对遥感检测数据集的超阈值样本拟合效果较好,理论GPD函数与实际GPD函数线性拟合的R 2大于0.999;(2)使用K-S检验定量确定CO、碳氢化合物(HC)、NO的排放限值(以体积分数计)分别为2.9%、430×10^(-6)、1400×10^(-6);(3)确定的污染物排放限值处于国内其他地方标准限值的中间水平,表明GPD函数设定的遥感检测数据排放限值比较合理,研究结果为成都市本地标准的制定提供了参考。

西部丝路文学书写及其当代精神价值

丝路文学的形成与丝绸之路密不可分。我国陆上丝绸之路主要经过现在的西部五省,这也使得西部丝路文学成为丝路文学最重要的一部分。文学的载体具有多样性,可以是文化产品也可以是文学作品或艺术品,而我们所熟知的也是便于我们了解丝路文学的主要是文学作品。通过梳理我国丝路文学作品,探究西部丝路文学的书写方式,即文学作品对于风俗民情、民族信仰和游牧文化的展现,管窥各民族文化的相互浸透与交融,并从凝聚爱国情怀和民族文化认同意识、激发群众的创造精神以及传达西部人文精神之美等方面挖掘当代精神价值。

横风作用下地铁车辆运行平稳性及安全性分析

[目的]城市轨道交通列车在高架线路上运行时,横风对车辆运行的平稳性和安全性有较大影响,需要对横风作用下地铁车辆的动力学性能进行更为深入的研究。[方法]在MATLAB软件中分别采用3种经典的横风风载模型(定常稳态风载模型、瞬态中国帽风载模型及非定常随机风载模型)模拟动态风场,在SIMPACK软件中建立单节编组车辆的精细化刚体动力学模型,将3种风载模型作为外部激励分别施加到车辆上;对比分析了车辆在直线上运行时不同风载模型、不同风速、不同车速对地铁车辆运行平稳性的影响;从安全设计角度出发,选取非定常随机风载模型,对车辆在曲线上运行时的平稳性及安全性进行分析,探究了不同风速下车辆运行速度的安全域。[结果及结论]在横风作用下,地铁车辆车速、风速均对车辆的运行平稳性及安全性有显著影响。车辆高速运行时,风速对车辆的横向振动影响更为突出。3种横风风载模型中,非定常随机风载模型对车辆的平稳性影响最明显;基于对车辆平稳性及安全性的分析,给出了不同线路形态(直线或曲线)、不同风速下的车辆限速值。

基于自适应平方根容积卡尔曼滤波算法的分布式驱动车辆状态估计

为了解决分布式驱动电动汽车在实时车辆行驶状态难以获取、估计精度较低的问题,提出了基于奇异值分解(SVD)的平方根容积卡尔曼滤波(SCKF)的分布式驱动车辆状态估计方法。SCKF算法通过奇异值分解优化误差协方差矩阵,以改善CKF在强非线性车辆系统或协方差矩阵非正定时状态估计精度降低甚至发散的问题,利用7自由度车辆动力学模型和Dugoff轮胎模型求得的参数信息准确估计车辆行驶状态。在Matlab/Simulink仿真平台上进行试验验证,并与基于CarSim数据的虚拟值进行了对比分析。结果表明:基于该算法的估计结果更接近真实值,并且响应速度快、实时性强。