This review provides a comprehensive analysis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, or impulsivity. The global prevalence of the...This review provides a comprehensive analysis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, or impulsivity. The global prevalence of the disorder ranges from 2% to 7%, with an average of around 5%. ADHD affects individuals of all ages, with symptoms typically becoming visible as early as 3 years. The symptoms range from mild to severe and may persist into adulthood. The disorder affects a variety of demographic groups, including differences in age, gender, race, and ethnicity, with varying effects, prevalence, and treatment options among these groups. Treatment options for ADHD range from behavioral interventions to prescription medication, with a number of medications available on the market for treating ADHD. The review also highlights the issues of relapse and safety concerns associated with the use of medication, as well as the challenges associated with diversity and socioeconomic barriers in the diagnosis and treatment of the disorder.展开更多
目的了解伴注意缺陷多动障碍(A D H D)的对立违抗性障碍(O D D)患儿的行为特征。方法:以ICD-10作为诊断标准对门诊就诊儿童进行诊断,得到O D D伴A D H D者40例(64.52%),O D D不伴A D H D者22例(35.48%)。自编家庭情况调查表调查患儿的...目的了解伴注意缺陷多动障碍(A D H D)的对立违抗性障碍(O D D)患儿的行为特征。方法:以ICD-10作为诊断标准对门诊就诊儿童进行诊断,得到O D D伴A D H D者40例(64.52%),O D D不伴A D H D者22例(35.48%)。自编家庭情况调查表调查患儿的基本情况。用家长填A chenbach儿童行为量表评定儿童行为。结果:与O D D组相比,合并A D H D组的家长更多对患儿经常打骂和严厉管教;对儿童的不良行为更多地采取打骂的方式。合并组父亲急燥易怒者比O D D组多;合并组起病年龄及就诊年龄比O D D组早;合并组在CB CL思维、注意问题,违纪、攻击行为,外化性问题,行为总分均高于O D D组。结论:O D D合并A D H D的患儿在思维、注意问题,违纪、攻击行为,外化性问题方面表现更突出,家长对儿童管教方式及不良行为处理方式影响O D D的发生。提示要注重O D D、A D H D的早期干预。展开更多
文摘This review provides a comprehensive analysis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, or impulsivity. The global prevalence of the disorder ranges from 2% to 7%, with an average of around 5%. ADHD affects individuals of all ages, with symptoms typically becoming visible as early as 3 years. The symptoms range from mild to severe and may persist into adulthood. The disorder affects a variety of demographic groups, including differences in age, gender, race, and ethnicity, with varying effects, prevalence, and treatment options among these groups. Treatment options for ADHD range from behavioral interventions to prescription medication, with a number of medications available on the market for treating ADHD. The review also highlights the issues of relapse and safety concerns associated with the use of medication, as well as the challenges associated with diversity and socioeconomic barriers in the diagnosis and treatment of the disorder.
文摘目的了解伴注意缺陷多动障碍(A D H D)的对立违抗性障碍(O D D)患儿的行为特征。方法:以ICD-10作为诊断标准对门诊就诊儿童进行诊断,得到O D D伴A D H D者40例(64.52%),O D D不伴A D H D者22例(35.48%)。自编家庭情况调查表调查患儿的基本情况。用家长填A chenbach儿童行为量表评定儿童行为。结果:与O D D组相比,合并A D H D组的家长更多对患儿经常打骂和严厉管教;对儿童的不良行为更多地采取打骂的方式。合并组父亲急燥易怒者比O D D组多;合并组起病年龄及就诊年龄比O D D组早;合并组在CB CL思维、注意问题,违纪、攻击行为,外化性问题,行为总分均高于O D D组。结论:O D D合并A D H D的患儿在思维、注意问题,违纪、攻击行为,外化性问题方面表现更突出,家长对儿童管教方式及不良行为处理方式影响O D D的发生。提示要注重O D D、A D H D的早期干预。
