To determine the genetic differences between high molecular weigh glutenin subunits （HMW-GS） null and 1. HMW-GS 1 was introduced into Longfumai 3 （N, 7＋8, 5＋10） by 5 consecutive backcrosses with biochemical mark...To determine the genetic differences between high molecular weigh glutenin subunits （HMW-GS） null and 1. HMW-GS 1 was introduced into Longfumai 3 （N, 7＋8, 5＋10） by 5 consecutive backcrosses with biochemical marker assisted selection. The near isogenic lines （NILs） of HMW-GS null and 1 were obtained and planted in the experimental field of Crop Breeding Institute of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Science in 2004 and 2005. The field experiments were designed using the method of two-line contrast arrangement with four replicates. The result of two years experiment showed that the statistic differences of quality parameters between Longfumai 3 with subunit 1 and with null were not significant in flour protein content, dry gluten content, and water absorption. However the gluten index,＇ Zeleny sedimentation, the ratio of sedimentation/dry gluten, the development time, stability, and the breakdown time in the NIL with 1 subunit were increased by 5.8% （P〈0.01）, 9.3% （P〈0.01）, 8.6% （P=0.01）, 127.3% （P〈0.01）, 79.2% （P〈0.01）, and 53.6% （P〈0.01）, and the ratio of wet gluten/dry gluten and the degree of softening were decreased by 1.7% （P = 0.05） and 16.5% （P = 0.13）, respectively. The impact of the HMW-GS 1 on the gluten strength was highly positive in NILs containing HMW-GS 5 ＋ 10, suggesting that HMW-GS 1 can be an indispensable subunit for breeding strong gluten wheat.展开更多
Landscape segmentation and classification is fundamental to landscape research because it provides an important frame of reference for researchers to communicate and compare their work. Anthropogenic human activities ...Landscape segmentation and classification is fundamental to landscape research because it provides an important frame of reference for researchers to communicate and compare their work. Anthropogenic human activities mainly lead to landscape changes. The present study aims to assess the impact of anthropogenic activities on landscape classification of the Nile Delta using remote sensing and GIS techniques. Field survey, digital databases and GIS capabilities are applied for landscapes classification. Vector data using a lot of maps and raster data using satellite image have the ability to give obvious classification about landscape. Results showed that the anthropogenic impacts affect negatively on the landscape classification. Using GF2, landscapes are classified into major eight classes: cultivated land, garden land, woodland, grassland, bare land, urban land, water bodies and mining land. It was showed that the urban occupies the highest percentage of the study area. Urban construction and development areas centered on the capital Cairo city and the city of Giza are dumbbell-shaped to the east. Bare lands occupy the second percentage of the study area, and it may be distributed on around the Nile Delta, southeast of Cairo City and southwest of Giza City. According to vegetation cover, three classes were applied as the sequence: Cultivated land > Garden land > Grass land. These classes depend mainly on the River Nile. Vegetation cover may be based mainly on the water from the Nile River. In addition, mining land occupies the least percentage of the study area. The main distribution of mines and mineral exploration is also very small, but it is distributed on the edge of the city. Landscape metric as Fractal Dimension (Frac) and the Square Pixel (SqP) was applied to validate the segmentation and classification. These metrics indicated that the landscape classification is related to natural and human changes. These changes were related to unplanned management of new projects and some anthropogenic activities.展开更多
基金The study is financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(39770461).
文摘To determine the genetic differences between high molecular weigh glutenin subunits （HMW-GS） null and 1. HMW-GS 1 was introduced into Longfumai 3 （N, 7＋8, 5＋10） by 5 consecutive backcrosses with biochemical marker assisted selection. The near isogenic lines （NILs） of HMW-GS null and 1 were obtained and planted in the experimental field of Crop Breeding Institute of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Science in 2004 and 2005. The field experiments were designed using the method of two-line contrast arrangement with four replicates. The result of two years experiment showed that the statistic differences of quality parameters between Longfumai 3 with subunit 1 and with null were not significant in flour protein content, dry gluten content, and water absorption. However the gluten index,＇ Zeleny sedimentation, the ratio of sedimentation/dry gluten, the development time, stability, and the breakdown time in the NIL with 1 subunit were increased by 5.8% （P〈0.01）, 9.3% （P〈0.01）, 8.6% （P=0.01）, 127.3% （P〈0.01）, 79.2% （P〈0.01）, and 53.6% （P〈0.01）, and the ratio of wet gluten/dry gluten and the degree of softening were decreased by 1.7% （P = 0.05） and 16.5% （P = 0.13）, respectively. The impact of the HMW-GS 1 on the gluten strength was highly positive in NILs containing HMW-GS 5 ＋ 10, suggesting that HMW-GS 1 can be an indispensable subunit for breeding strong gluten wheat.
文摘Landscape segmentation and classification is fundamental to landscape research because it provides an important frame of reference for researchers to communicate and compare their work. Anthropogenic human activities mainly lead to landscape changes. The present study aims to assess the impact of anthropogenic activities on landscape classification of the Nile Delta using remote sensing and GIS techniques. Field survey, digital databases and GIS capabilities are applied for landscapes classification. Vector data using a lot of maps and raster data using satellite image have the ability to give obvious classification about landscape. Results showed that the anthropogenic impacts affect negatively on the landscape classification. Using GF2, landscapes are classified into major eight classes: cultivated land, garden land, woodland, grassland, bare land, urban land, water bodies and mining land. It was showed that the urban occupies the highest percentage of the study area. Urban construction and development areas centered on the capital Cairo city and the city of Giza are dumbbell-shaped to the east. Bare lands occupy the second percentage of the study area, and it may be distributed on around the Nile Delta, southeast of Cairo City and southwest of Giza City. According to vegetation cover, three classes were applied as the sequence: Cultivated land > Garden land > Grass land. These classes depend mainly on the River Nile. Vegetation cover may be based mainly on the water from the Nile River. In addition, mining land occupies the least percentage of the study area. The main distribution of mines and mineral exploration is also very small, but it is distributed on the edge of the city. Landscape metric as Fractal Dimension (Frac) and the Square Pixel (SqP) was applied to validate the segmentation and classification. These metrics indicated that the landscape classification is related to natural and human changes. These changes were related to unplanned management of new projects and some anthropogenic activities.
