Theatre Arts as Social Marketing Application Tool： Sustainable Development Approach to Diffuse the Environmental Message to Teenagers in Chiang Mai, Thailand

Often, the word ＂community＂ and ＂sustainability＂ are interlinked in 21st century development approaches. Most development communicators have focused on top-down communication strategies and used various means to diffuse the message to the target community. However, with the change in media landscape today, the challenge is how to select the ＂right＂ communication application to foster the behavioral and cognitive sustainable changes in their own community. This research aims to investigate theatrical performance as sustainable communicative means demonstrating environmental issues and the concepts of sustainable development among high school students and Chiang Mai University students. With the application of ＂Devised Theatre＂, the process provides a space to investigate the attributes, characteristics and development of community theatre on how it reflects the concept of communication for social change. The research, therefore, examines the outcome of this creative social application tool and utilizes Practice as Research （PAR） a research methodology. The result will reveal the following： （1） how dramatic arts can be an effective means of social marketing to raise ＂awareness＂ on environmental issues; （2） how the performance raises environmental awareness in not only physical and psychological phases, but also spiritual dimension as a learning process among the participants, and （3） the sustainability of theatrical social application tool in which the participants of devised theatre project （devisees） can become the devisors in order to form new generation of the devisees--the teenage audience.

Utopian Theatre and Subjectivity Reconstruction Rethinking on the Artistic Spirit of Minjian Theatre

Minjian has become an important concept in recent scholarly research. It is widely used by scholars to indicate specific social and cultural spaces existing beyond the control of state power, therefore, minjian social-cultural spaces are more often than not marginal and peripheral. In the field of performing arts, minjian theatre refers to performances produced by private theatre companies as opposed to state-run groups. These private companies or grass-root groups, without the interference of the government, produce artistic expressions that reflect current social reality to a certain extent. For a long time, the study of minjian theatre has been framed as forms of resistance against the ideology propagated by state-run theatres. Based on this paradigm, this paper, through the case analysis of Shanghai minjian theatre companies, attempts to illuminate the production mechanism and developmental process of minjian theatres. In so dong, this paper will explore the aesthetic and social-political values of minjian theatres.

Novel operating theatre scheduling method based on estimation of distribution algorithm

In order to improve the efficiency of operating rooms,reduce the costs for hospitals and improve the level of service qualities, a scheduling method was developed based on an estimation of distribution algorithm（ EDA）. First, a scheduling problem domain is described. Based on assignment constraints and resource capacity constraints, the mathematical programming models are set up with an objective function to minimize the system makespan. On the basis of the descriptions mentioned above, a solution policy of generating feasible scheduling solutions is established. Combined with the specific constraints of operating theatres, the EDA-based algorithm is put forward to solve scheduling problems. Finally, simulation experiments are designed to evaluate the scheduling method. The orthogonal table is chosen to determine the parameters in the proposed method. Then the genetic algorithm and the particle swarm optimization algorithm are chosen for comparison with the EDA-based algorithm, and the results indicate that the proposed method can decrease the makespan of the surgical system regardless of the size of operations. Moreover, the computation time of the EDA-based algorithm is only approximately 5 s when solving the large scale problems, which means that the proposed algorithm is suitable for carrying out an on-line scheduling optimization of the patients.

“liberal arts”的源与流——古今之变中的审视

“古今之变”是审视liberal arts流变的中心线索。古典liberal arts是具有内在统一性并指向完满品格的整全性知识体系。欧洲三次文艺复兴对liberal arts的再造展现了其历史流变中的不变逻辑,即为特定时代的受教育者提供共同价值。德国古典大学赋予了liberal arts在古典意义上的完美形态,而新人文主义的自我塑造观念孕育了博雅教育的现代转向。科学革命终结了古典学术的内在统一性与道德理想,瓦解了古典liberal arts。美国现代大学则借助古典资源,经由三次改革浪潮重建了liberal arts。然而,古典教育凝聚文明精华的共同价值、塑造意义与学术整合力量,同现代科学的智识自由、价值分殊与学科分化特性相冲突,这是古今之变为现代大学再造liberal arts所深植的困境,liberal arts只能在钟摆的两端之间不断权衡。

Large carotid body tumor successfully resected in hybrid operating theatre: A case report

BACKGROUND Surgical treatment for large carotid body tumor (CBT),particularly the Shamblin III type,is challenging and rarely reported.CASE SUMMARY In July 2014,a 63-year-old woman presented to our hospital with a large CBT (130 mm × 60 mm × 70 mm).The lesion was hypervascular,spanned from the first to the seventh cervical vertebra,and adhered to the right common carotid artery (CCA),internal carotid artery (ICA) and external carotid artery (ECA).The resection was carried out in a hybrid operating theatre.First,we used Onyx gel to embolize the feeding artery.An ICA balloon was used to prevent gel entry into the ICA.After shrinkage and hardening of the CBT,we quickly resected the CBT as well as a part of the ECA that adhered to the CBT.A vascular shunt was inserted between CCA and ICA,and the part where the ICA was cut off from the CCA was directly sutured.A follow-up at four years later showed no neurological damage.CONCLUSION For large hypervascular CBT,embolization of the feeding artery prior to resection is helpful.The hybrid operating theatre is the ideal platform to carry out such operations.

Indoor Air Quality in a Real Operating Theatre under Effective Use Conditions

The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of surgical staff on the indoor air quality in a uni-directional ventilation Operating Theatre (OT). Experimental measurements of particles and microclimate were acquired at rest and in operational conditions. The real OT (operational) use was simulated by a sham hip arthroplasty. CFD simulations were carried out outlining the studied environment used for experimental measurement campaign. A standard k-ε closure scheme based on RANS equations was implemented to solve the velocity and pressure field using an eddy viscosity approach. Temperature and relative humidity distributions were also computed keeping into account sensible and latent heat sources inside the OT. An Euler-based approach was applied to solve the concentration fields of gaseous contaminant and small particles (up to 5 μm in diameter) in the indoor air. An innovative strategy is proposed to estimate, by an iterative comparison between experimental data and numerical results, the emission rate of particles (differentiated by diameters) released by the occupants to be considered as source terms in the numerical model. Compliance with literature evidence concerning thermal and velocity fields and CO2 concentration was confirmed. From our analyses, some IAQ indexes were deduced, allowing monitoring of the local and overall OT air quality level supplied by the ventilating system during real operational conditions. The highest values of microbial air contamination were recorded during surgical activity;nevertheless, results showed the suitability of the ventilation system in providing the expected air quality.

医护-社会组织一体化模式对HIV/AIDS患者ART及自我管理能力的影响

探究接受高效抗反转录病毒治疗确诊HIV/AIDS患者接受医护-社会组织一体化模式干预价值。方法 从2022年1月至2022年12月南昌市某定点医院接受抗病毒治疗及随访管理的新确诊HIV/AIDS患者100例,50例接受传统医护合作模式对照组、50例接受医护-社会组织一体化模式观察组,两组各项临床指标差异进行分析对比(从HIV抗体初筛阳性到启动ART治疗时间、抗病毒治疗一年后HIV病毒载量的指标及病毒抑制率、抗病毒治疗一年后自我管理能力)。结果 干预后与对照组比较,观察组HIV抗体初筛阳性到启动ART治疗时间显著偏低,HIV病毒载量指标水平显著偏低,病毒抑制率显著偏高,一年后自我管理能力评分显著偏高,用药依从性显著偏高(P<0.05)。结论 接受抗病毒治疗及随访管理的确诊HIV/AIDS患者接受医护-社会组织一体化模式干预后,可显著提高患者自我管理能力。此外,还能保障高病毒抑制率,缩短患者治疗时间,提升患者用药依从性。

Aesthetic Processing for Theatre Translation

Theatre translation is one of the most neglected areas in the field of translation.Theatre is a special member of the literature family in that it doubles as a branch of the performing art.It follows that the aesthetic constitutions of a dramatic creation is a complex problem. It is the translator's duty to grasp the artistic features of the literary creation and reproduce them in the version since the most important thing in a piece of literature is its artistic features.

Patients' preferred mode of travel to the orthopaedic theatre

AIM: To determine the preferred mode of travel to the operating theatre for elective orthopaedic patients. METHODS: Data was collected prospectively over a 2-wk period at an elective Orthopaedic Treatment Centre. Patients were asked to complete a patient satisfaction questionnaire following their surgery on their experience and subsequent preferred mode of transport to theatre. The data was then recorded in a tabulated format and analysed with percentages. Fisher's exact test was used to determine if there was any statistical association between patients' preference to walk and various groups; in-patient or day case procedures, and whether patients were < 60 years or > 60 years of age.RESULTS: Seventy patients(40 females and 30 males) fully completed the questionnaire. In total there were 33 d-cases and 37 in-patients. The spectrum of orthopaedic sub-specialties included was knee(41%), hip(17%), foot and ankle(24%), spine(13%) and upper limb(4%). Patient satisfaction for overall experience of travelling to theatre was either excellent(77%) or good(23%). Following their experience of travelling to theatre, 87%(95%CI: 79%-95%) of the total cohort would have preferred to walk to the operating theatre. There was a statistically significant association(P = 0.003) between patients' preference to walk and whether they were daycase or in-patients. Similarly, there was a statistically significance association(P = 0.028) between patients' preference to walk and whether they were < 60 years or > 60 years of age.CONCLUSION: This study confirms the majority of Orthopaedic elective patients would prefer to walk to theatre, when given the choice and if practically possible.

New Perspective of Architectural Design Based on Immersive Theatre Thinking: A Case Study of Rural Living Room Design in Majia Marsh

The new urbanization provides opportunities for the ecological protection of traditional regional culture. In the context of the integrated development of agriculture, tourism, and cultural industries, this paper integrates the thinking of "immersive theatre" and adopts the design method of multithread dramatic narrative mode to create a number of interactive flow lines in the architecture and focus on the sensory experiences of environment, enabling the traditional regional culture to really touch the audience.

Numerical Investigation of Different Airflow Schemes in a Real Operating Theatre

A study on performances of different ventilation schemes provided by vertical and horizontal uni-directional air flow was carried out in a standard orthopaedic operating theatre (OT). Starting from our previous studies of a real OT under operating use conditions, in this research different air flow configurations, considering some air curtain solutions on the ceiling and at the sliding door always assumed to be open as a basic boundary condition, were investigated by numerical simulations. Indoor air quality (IAQ) indexes and thermal comfort parameters, deduced from simulation results were calculated and discussed referring to the best performance and efficacy between the air flow schemes to contrast the incorrect use conditions of the OT. Referring to the studied schemes, the reciprocal comparison emphasizes that a successful outcome in preventing surgical site infection can depend as much on resolving human factors (i.e. operational use conditions, door opening/closing), as on overcoming physical and technical obstacles.

Operating room black box:Scrutinizer of theatre practices

Objective:Adverse surgical events are a major cause of morbidity,mortality,and disability worldw ide.The cause of many such events can be attributed to interruptions in the operating room(OR),muli-tasking by surgeons,etc.The objective of this study was to observe the types and frequency of intra-operative wor kflow interruptions in our ORs.Method:This ccoss-sectional study was conducted from March Do April of 2023.An observational approach using an audio-video recording device was employed to record OR flow disr uptions.One elective OR and one emergency OR under the Department of General Surgery were selected for the study.All open and laparoscopic surger ies conducted in the selected ORs were included.An Internet Protocol camera'was installed in the selec ted ORS with a view of the entire room,including the anesthesia station.Audio-video recording was started after the first indsion and stopped after closure of the surgical site.Result:Of the 51 cases that were studied,45(88.2%)were elective,and 18(35.3%)were laparoscopic cases.They could be classified into 8 types of open procedures and 4 types of lapar oscopic procedures.The mean maximum headcount inside the OR was 15.5土3.6 and doors opened on average of 15.8土6.0 times during a procedure.Other interruptions were surgeons attending phone calls(24,47.1%),leaving the sterile area(21,41.2%),technical disturbances(32,62.7%),anesthetic interruptions(18,35.3%),and faulty instruments(29,56.9%)Elective procedures had a signifcandy higher average number of in-terruptions per operating hour than emergency procedures(175±8.6vs.7.1±2.9,p<0.01).Condusion:Preventable factors such as faulty instruments,anesthetic interruption,and attending phone calls by the surgeon are commonly observed in ORs.They need to be addressed by timely surgical audits or the adoption of continued sureillance methods that can help take measures to minimize their occurrence.

Filtered-beam-search-based approach for operating theatre scheduling

To improve the efficiency of operating rooms, reduce the hospital＇ s costs and improve the level of service qualities, a scheduling method is presented based on a filtered-beam-search-based algo- rithm. Firstly, a scheduling problem domain is described. Mathematical programming models are al- so set up with an objective function of minimizing related costs of the system. On the basis of the de= scriptions mentioned above, a solving policy of generating feasible scheduling solutions is estab- lished. Combining with the speeific constraints of operation theatres, a filtered-beam-search-based algorithm is put forward to solve scheduling problems. Finally, simulation experiments are designed. The performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated and compared with that of other approaches through simulations. Results indicate that the proposed algorithm can reduce costs, and are of prac- ticality and effectiveness.

Analysis of the Concept and the Drama Psychology of Immersive Theatre

Immersive theatre means put audience into the space where the story take place.Actors and actresses perform in the authentic environment and audience also in this environment,watching the peoceeding of the story closely.With the success of Sleep No More,more and more people pay attention to immersive theatre.Some Chinese theatre directors also launch out into doing similar things.It is no doubt that immersive theatre is popular now at home and abroad.However,as a new form of theatre,immersive theatre theoretical study is really inadequate.This text aims explain the connotation and concepts of immersive theatre or what is immersive theatre,the feature of immersive theatre in addition to its present situation in China,though Sleep No More,one of the most famous immersive theatres.I hope to offer reference for Chinese theatre people,make contributions for their study and creations,then again filling in gaps in immersive theatre theory.Only in this way,can immersive theatre develop healthily and can its ecology be constructed well.

Headaches Associated with N95 Mask Usage amongst Healthcare Workers in Operating Theatres during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study

Introduction: N95 respirator masks are a cornerstone in the fight against the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. However, its use has side effects such as headaches. The primary aim of this study is to identify factors that may contribute to higher occurrences of headaches with wearing N95 masks. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted across healthcare providers in operating theatres of a tertiary hospital based in Singapore involved in the care of COVID-19 patients. The study involved a self-administered online questionnaire completed by all participants. Results: 176 participants were included into the study, of which 65 (36.9%) reported headaches associated with wearing N95 masks. Out of the 65 participants who experienced headaches, 28 (43.1%) reported experiencing “mild” headache, 30 (46.2%) reported experiencing “moderate” headache, and 7 (10.7%) reported experiencing “severe” headache. 44 participants (67.7%) reported that the headache has affected their work, and 20 participants (30.8%) required analgesia to relieve the headaches. Other symptoms associated with N95 mask usage include skin damage (12.3%), breathlessness (15.4%), giddiness (6.2%), nausea (6.2%) and ear pain (3.1%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that participants younger than 32 years old (p = 0.001) and history of pre-existing headache disorders (p = 0.001) were associated with higher occurrences of headaches with wearing N95 masks. Conclusion: Our study showed that younger age and history of pre-existing headache disorders contribute to higher occurrences of headaches with N95 mask usage. These associations could be useful in identifying at-risk individuals so that precautions may be taken to reduce the occurrence of headaches when wearing N95 masks.

The Redemptive Power of Theatre and the Pursuit of Justice in Our Country’s Good

This paper aims to understand Timberlake Wertenbaker’s Our Country’s Good in the context of theatre in crisis in the 1980s Britain and attempts to find the contemporary resonance of this history play. Through exploring the adaptation and workshop of the play, discussing the transformative influence of rehearsals on the convicts in the Australian penal colony, and expounding on theatre as an important venue for rehabilitation and justice in contemporary society, the paper intends to disclose the playwright’s commitment to theatre, her reassertion of the social role of theatre in contemporary Britain and her critique of Mrs. Thatcher’s philistinism which impaired art, particularly theatre, to a great degree.

Humour in Surrealist Theatre

Surrealist playwrights of the twentieth century use black humour in order to express their discontent towards the society in which they live.Parody of everyday life is a way of reaction against the extensive lifestyle.The actions,the choices and the situations,in which the characters of the surrealist dramas are involved,are comic and grotesque.Surrealist dramas reject the rules of the Western theatre;the lack of plot,the absurd,the misunderstanding,the use of poetic symbols,the parody of bourgeois life,the unexpected reactions and the unreasonable behaviour of the characters are some of the factors that cause laughter and surprise the audience.In this paper we will try to reveal the humour that emerges through the surrealist plays of AndréBreton,Philippe Soupault,Louis Aragon and Roger Vitrac.We will also attempt to highlight the key points through which surrealism in theatre uses black humour in an effort to cover the deep melancholy and pessimistic mood of surrealist dramatists.The questions arising are;in which ways is humour a way of revolution?How can humour include dreams,ingenuity and fantasy?

Vision and Imagination in the Renaissance Theatre

To see what lacks representation on stage is a fully creative act that the spectator performs thanks to his or her imagination, as （s）he is called to retrieve via memory what is objectively absent from the scene. The Renaissance audience accomplished such a creative act by making use of rhetoric and figurative arts. However, it is pre-eminently words that trigger and support the imagination, as Shakespeare＇s drama best exemplifies. Both in the Elizabethan drama and in the Italian Renaissance theatre, with its perspectival vision, the spectator＇s creative act takes place in an ideal space where the stage space turns into the locus of stereoscopic vision. Consequently, the creation and consumption of the vision originates first and foremost in drama （comedy and tragedy）. The psychological, aesthetic, and anthropological mechanisms at the heart of vision, and the fruition of the images deriving from words, can be found as operating within the dramatic text, from the point of view of both the playwright and of the spectator/listener, in a direct relationship of cause and effect. Religious and especially Jesuitical drama, whose theatrical experience aims at discovering a correspondence between words and images, testifies to the visual power of the theatre.