Enriching Iodine and Regulating Grain Aroma,Appearance Quality,and Yield in Aromatic Rice by Foliar Application of Sodium Iodide

Applying iodine fertilizers to cultivate iodine-rich crops for daily intake is an effective approach for iodine supplementation,especially for aromatic rice.Field experiments were conducted during the early growing seasons of 2021 and 2022 to evaluate the impacts of foliar application of iodine fertilizer on aromatic rice and to explore the optimal iodine fertilizer concentration.At the full heading stage,six different concentrations of sodium iodide solutions of 0%(CK),0.010%(T1),0.025%(T2),0.050%(T3),0.075%(T4),and 0.100%(T5)were applied to indica aromatic rice cultivars Meixiangzhan 2 and Xiangyaxiangzhan.The results showed that sodium iodide treatments significantly increased the iodine and sodium contents in both leaves and grains.Compared with the CK,the T1 and T2 treatments increased the 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline(2-AP)content in mature grains by 8.41%-101.66%and 13.58%-74.60%,respectively.Improvements in the contents of 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid,proline,1-pyrroline,and methylglyoxal,as well as the activity of proline dehydrogenase were also detected.Additionally,sodium iodide treatments remarkably decreased the chalky grain rate,chalkiness area,and chalkiness degree of aromatic rice,with the T2 treatment exhibiting a 17.79%-47.42%decrease in chalkiness degree compared with the CK.Meanwhile,T1 and T2 treatments showed beneficial impacts on chlorophyll content,photosynthetic characteristics,and yield components,while T3,T4,and T5 treatments exhibited adverse effects on leaf and grain yields.The linear discriminant analysis revealed significant differences between treatments.The correlation analysis and piecewise structural equation modeling showed that the iodine and sodium influenced the photosynthetic characteristics and chlorophyll content of the leaves,thereby regulating the 2-AP biosynthesis and yield components,ultimately affecting the 2-AP content and yield.Overall,this study suggests that foliar application of 0.025%sodium iodide is an effective method to enrich the iodine content in rice grains,improve the grain aroma and appearance quality of aromatic rice,without detrimental effects on grain yield.

借助DIS实验突破教学难点——以“磁场对通电导线的作用力”为例

教材中直接得出安培力的公式,该知识点难度较大,传统实验现象不够明显且只能定性探究,学生无法真正理解该物理规律和公式。传统实验加DIS实验可对物理规律进行定性和定量的探究,有利于学生物理学科核心素养的培养。

用DIS电磁定位魔板探究平抛运动的教学设计

随着数字化信息系统在中学物理教学中的逐步融入,我国中学物理实验呈现智能化、现代化的发展趋势.以DIS电磁定位魔板为实验装置,通过科学探究的关键环节,设计探究平抛运动的教学流程.实践发现传感器实验也适合做科学探究,能够充分提升学生科学探究和推理论证的能力.

First results of CO_(2) dispersion interferometer on EAST tokamak

A dispersion interferometer(DI)has been installed and operates on the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak(EAST).This DI system utilizes a continuous-wave 9.3μm CO_(2)laser source to measure line-averaged electron densities accurately.In contrast to conventional interferometers,the DI does not require substantial vibration isolations or compensating systems to reduce the impact of vibrations in the optical path.It also employs a ratio of modulation amplitudes,ensuring it remains immune to the variations in detected intensities.Without a variation compensation system,the DI system on EAST reaches a density resolution of less than1.8×10^(-2)πrad and a temporal resolution of 20μs.The measurements made by the POlarimeterINTerferometer(POINT)system and the far-infrared hydrogen cyanide(HCN)interferometer are remarkably consistent with the DI’s results.The possibility of fringe jumps and the impact of refraction in high-density discharge can be significantly decreased using a shorter wavelength laser source.A rapid density change of 3×10^(19)m^(-3)during 0.15 s has been measured accurately in shot No.114755 of EAST.Additionally,the DI system demonstrates dependability and stability under 305 s long-pulse discharges in shot No.122054.

基于学程包和DIS实验提升教学有效性——以“再探NaOH溶液与CO_(2)的反应”为例

随着时代发展,信息技术与教学的深度融合趋势越来越明显。以“再探NaOH溶液与CO_(2)反应”为例,利用学程包软件模拟装置搭建,推送习题并反馈答题数据,利用DIS实验精准测出压强的变化数据,帮助学生更好地理解实验原理,从反应物消耗和生成物增加两个角度证明发生了反应。

借助DIS传感器验证实验系统误差的理论分析结果--以“伏安法测量电源电动势和内阻”为例

基于“伏安法测量电源电动势和内阻”实验教学中系统误差问题,运用“等效替代”和“微量放大”两种物理思想设计验证性实验,利用DIS传感器与传统实验器材的优化组合,通过数据采集、图像拟合、对比分析,对用伏安法测量产生实验系统误差的理论分析结果进行实验验证。

高中物理DIS定量创新实验教学与传统实验教学的比较研究——以“电磁感应定律”为例

以“电磁感应定律”为例,开发了DIS定量创新实验,以该实验为基础设计了对应的教案,并与传统定性探究实验教学进行对比,发现相比传统定性探究实验教学而言,DIS定量创新实验教学在一定程度上更有利于科学探究的培养。

巧用DIS,创新小学科学实验教学——以《比较相同距离内运动的快慢》为例

传统科学实验受到实验本身的特性和学生能力的制约,导致学生的探究活动无法全面、合理地进行。教师可以依托数字信息系统,利用实验数据直观呈现实验结果,创新小学科学实验教学,有效提升学生的科学素养。

基于DIS验证变力作用下的动量定理实验

通过DIS可以回避数学知识不足,直观地给出变力作用一段时间的冲量以及物体在此变力作用下动量的变化量,直接比较二者数值,验证了变力作用下的动量定理。

DIS技术与科学类实验项目化再设计的融合

DIS技术凭借良好的兼容性及其在实验数据精度、效度与灵活度方面的优势,有助于深化课程内容的学习、推进教师的日常教学、关注学生的素养培育,是教育数字化转型在实验教学上的重要体现。DIS技术融合实验的项目化再设计,要以尊重课程标准、侧重技术融合、看重情境引导、注重思维发展为原则,从而更好地助力实现实验教学变革。

以DIS实验促进高中物理教学的探究

实验是物理这门学科的主要特征,教师在开展工作时,不仅要注重基础理论知识的传授,同时要重视实验教学的开展。而传统的物理实验,不论是在测量的精度、速度,以及数据处理方面,都存在一定局限,影响了物理教学的实效性。DIS实验作为一种运用先进技术进行实验教学的方式,对于培养学生的学科综合能力,促进高效课堂的构建均有重要帮助。基于此,文章从多方面概述了以DIS实验促进高中物理教学的路径。

基于核心素养的高中物理DIS实验 校本课程开发的实践研究 ——以“探究平抛运动的特点”为例

运用传感器和计算机技术的DIS实验,兼具精确测量数据和快速直观展示结果的特点,在教育信息化的大背景下,逐渐在高中物理教学中普及。文章以探究平抛运动的特点为例,借助DIS实验的优点进行校本课程的开发,实现对学生核心素养的补充培养。通过教学过程中的实践和反思提出了基于学科核心素养应用DIS实验开发校本课程应注意的一些问题。

DIS数字化信息系统在高中物理实验教学中的应用研究

高中物理教学中,DIS数字化信息系统的运用不仅可以丰富物理实验教学方法,还可以补充实验教学内容,调动学生的主观能动性,为学生创新思维能力提升提供支持。所以高中物理教师在物理实验教学中需要结合教材内容,找准DIS数字化信息系统引入点,转变传统物理教学模式,为学生提供实践操作机会,确保学生能够真正理解物理知识,提升实践操作能力。

YOLO-Banana:An Effective Grading Method for Banana Appearance Quality

The increasing trend towards independent fruit packaging demands a high appearance quality of individually packed fruits.In this paper,we propose an improved YOLOv5-based model,YOLO-Banana,to effectively grade banana appearance quality based on the number of banana defect points.Due to the minor and dense defects on the surface of bananas,existing detection algorithms have poor detection results and high missing rates.To address this,we propose a densitybased spatial clustering of applications with noise(DBSCAN)and K-means fusion clustering method that utilizes refined anchor points to obtain better initial anchor values,thereby enhancing the network’s recognition accuracy.Moreover,the optimized progressive aggregated network(PANet)enables better multi-level feature fusion.Additionally,the non-maximum suppression function is replaced with a weighted non-maximum suppression(weighted NMS)function based on distance intersection over union(DIoU).Experimental results show that the model’s accuracy is improved by 2.3%compared to the original YOLOv5 network model,thereby effectively grading the banana appearance quality.

Genetic dissection of rice appearance quality and cooked rice elongation by genome-wide association study

Appearance and cooked rice elongation are key quality traits of rice. Although some QTL for these traits have been identified, understanding of the genetic relationship between them remains limited. In the present study, large phenotypic variation was observed in 760 accessions from the 3 K Rice Genomes Project for both appearance quality and cooked rice elongation. Most component traits of appearance quality and cooked rice elongation showed significant pairwise correlations, but a low correlation was found between appearance quality and cooked rice elongation. A genome-wide association study identified 74 QTL distributed on all 12 chromosomes for grain length, grain width, length to width ratio, degree of endosperm with chalkiness, rice elongation difference, and elongation index. Thirteen regions containing QTL stably expressed in multiple environments and/or exerting pleiotropic effects on multiple traits were detected. By gene-based association analysis and haplotype analysis, 46 candidate genes, including five cloned genes, and 49 favorable alleles were identified for these 13 QTL. The effect of the candidate gene Wx on rice elongation difference was validated by a transgenic strategy. These results shed light on the genetic bases of appearance quality and cooked rice elongation and provide gene resources for improving rice quality by molecular breeding.

How Do You See Social Appearance Anxiety?—— The Double Take column looks at a single topic from an African and Chinese perspective. This month we discuss people's anxiety about how they look.

The Double Take column looks at a single topic from an African and Chinese perspective.This month we discuss people’s anxiety about how they look.More Liberty Is Needed Chiedza Mavis Chakawanei A 30-year-old Zimbabwean student in Henan Province.

罕见抗-Di^(b)致严重胎儿新生儿溶血病的实验室检测与相关研究

目的对1例高频抗体导致的胎儿新生儿溶血病(hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn,HDFN)进行检测、鉴定及配血。方法对患儿进行新生儿溶血试验,对母亲进行血清学意外抗体鉴定,并对母亲红细胞进行常见高频抗原鉴定;对检出抗体进行IgG分型检测,并用流式细胞术进行单核细胞体外吞噬致敏红细胞试验,以检测抗体相关的吞噬率;对患儿母亲、父亲及舅舅进行相关红细胞血型基因测序;利用稀释的母亲血浆和抗人球卡法,在献血者中进行大规模相合血液的筛选。结果产妇鉴定为Di(b-)稀有血型,产生了抗-Di b(效价512)并导致了严重的HDFN;抗-Di b亚型分型为IgG1和IgG2型,单核细胞体外吞噬效率为88.83%(74.7/84.09);产妇亲属中没有相合献血者,后续从5520名献血者中筛选到2例Di(b-)相合血液,患儿接收输血治疗后康复出院。后续在51334名献血者中筛查到17名Di(b-)献血者,该数据表明Di(b-)在广州地区献血者中的分布频率约为三千分之一(0.033%,17/51334)。结论综合利用血型血清学及分子生物学方法诊断了抗-Di b所致的严重HDFN,建立了1种有效大规模筛查Di(b-)稀有血型的方法并找到相合血液,为建立Di(b-)稀有血型库奠定了基础。

自制DIS探究电容器电压与电荷量的关系——基于ESP32与Phyphox的DIS实验

设计制作了集成高速ADC芯片的DIS实验主板,通过写入程序制作了电压、电流传感器和恒流源。并通过这套基于ESP32与Phyphox的DIS实验设备,观察了电容器充、放电过程,定量探究了电容器电压跟所带电荷量的关系。

4DI110型空压机的技术改造与操作优化

文章通过介绍新引进的4DI110型离心式空压机(以下简称“空压机”)试运行阶段开始以来的运行情况和气温变化对空压机出口流量造成的影响,分析空压机出口流量随气温变化而变化的规律,指出空压机防喘阀V3004阀不能自动调节出口压力,影响空分装置工况的稳定。为实现空压机出口压力的稳定,对其防喘阀V3004阀采取增设自动旁路阀V3008阀的技术改造,同时优化和完善相关逻辑控制并阐述了空压机经技术改造后的操作优化和取得的实际效果。

DIS3基因在肿瘤中的研究进展

随着医学诊治技术的发展,较多的肿瘤将从基因层面进行分析。DIS3蛋白是一种保守的核糖核酸酶,作为外泌体的催化亚基在细胞核与细胞质RNA加工降解过程中起重要作用。研究显示DIS3基因的异常表达与多种肿瘤发生发展相关,在多发性骨髓瘤患者中检出DIS3基因突变的频率较高。DIS3基因及其功能蛋白的结构和生理作用相对清晰,但是DIS3基因突变与肿瘤的相关性还未探究清楚。本文将对DIS3的结构、分型、同系物DIS3L2和DIS3的部分生理功能,以及DIS3在肿瘤中的研究进展作一综述。