For thousands of years, mankind is observing the surrounding nature. Often, they found no obvious clues for inexplicable and complex facts, leading to the belief that their wisdom was limited. This is in the majority ...For thousands of years, mankind is observing the surrounding nature. Often, they found no obvious clues for inexplicable and complex facts, leading to the belief that their wisdom was limited. This is in the majority of cases still true today, but based on hundreds of years of (geo-) scientific work some older thoughts can now be readjusted by combining newer geological, environmental, historical and philosophical clues. Facts about the development of the North German Basin are used to demonstrate the variability of geological systems and how these can be described by taking dice as a metaphor for ruling geological parameters. This includes all kinds of plate tectonically controlled basin forming processes, especially metamorphism of the lower crust due to a fixed mantle plume, basin filling processes with their galactic and lunar overprints, basin modifying tectonics due to internal (halokinesis, inversion) or external forces (one-sided loads at the surface due to mighty Delta sediments or glacial ice sheets) and geochemical reactions as a result of pressure and temperature changes in course of subsidence. Especially, the Rotliegend (Lower Permian) Gas Play is one of the possible illustrations of the entity of the North German Basin with its more than 70 - 90 independent parameters belonging to a global set of very complex hydrocarbon systems. Processes on Earth like the formation of systems of hydrocarbon fields as well as environmental systems (e.g. river systems, lakes, islands, sedimentary basins) are subordinated to the dices of nature and are steered invisibly by a selection of rules of the game that one understands as natural laws. The facts and remaining uncertainties as well as problems with subsurface-related processes (e.g. manmade tectonics, subsidence and uplift) guide the thoughts of engaged individuals on how to proceed wisely with limited predictability of challenges and dangers of a subsurface system. This work will be a trial to associate once more the natural sciences (geology) and the humanities (philosophy) for the benefit of both.展开更多
目的研究线上实习带教时采用植入雨课堂智慧模式的教学法对产科实习教学效果的影响。方法回顾分析2022年5月—2023年2月在中山大学附属第三医院产科实习的五年制、八年制及内外全科医学士(bachelor of medicine and bachelor of surgery...目的研究线上实习带教时采用植入雨课堂智慧模式的教学法对产科实习教学效果的影响。方法回顾分析2022年5月—2023年2月在中山大学附属第三医院产科实习的五年制、八年制及内外全科医学士(bachelor of medicine and bachelor of surgery,MBBS)实习学生147名实习成绩,分为研究组65名,对照组82名。对照组开展正常的线下实习,研究组采用植入“雨课堂”智慧模式的新型教学方法开展线上实习。比较2组实习生的实习效果并对研究组实习生进行线上教学满意度调查。结果研究组实习生总成绩、平时成绩与对照组相比[五年制:(82.13±2.95)分vs.(83.03±3.44)分;八年制:(82.18±2.47)分vs.(83.52±3.13)分;MBBS:(81.82±2.41)分vs.(80.03±2.80)分],差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);研究组中五年制、八年制实习生理论考核成绩与对照组相比[五年制:(73.11±7.94)分vs.(73.82±8.50)分;八年制:(70.28±4.66)分vs.(69.03±6.56)分],差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而研究组MBBS实习生理论考核成绩高于对照组[(74.89±5.40)分vs.(65.25±7.81)分],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组中实习生技能考核成绩均低于对照组[五年制:(78.89±4.76)分vs.(81.27±4.77)分;八年制:(80.78±3.42)分vs.(84.29±6.12)分;MBBS:(76.78±3.93)分vs.(80.38±1.77)分],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组实习生对植入雨课堂智慧模式的教学法在产科线上实习带教中的满意度高,非常满意者占66.15%,无不满意者。结论植入雨课堂智慧模式的教学法在产科线上实习带教中的应用基本达到了产科实习的要求,虽然在临床技能培养上存在一定的局限性,但仍是一种可开展的线上实习教学法。展开更多
文摘For thousands of years, mankind is observing the surrounding nature. Often, they found no obvious clues for inexplicable and complex facts, leading to the belief that their wisdom was limited. This is in the majority of cases still true today, but based on hundreds of years of (geo-) scientific work some older thoughts can now be readjusted by combining newer geological, environmental, historical and philosophical clues. Facts about the development of the North German Basin are used to demonstrate the variability of geological systems and how these can be described by taking dice as a metaphor for ruling geological parameters. This includes all kinds of plate tectonically controlled basin forming processes, especially metamorphism of the lower crust due to a fixed mantle plume, basin filling processes with their galactic and lunar overprints, basin modifying tectonics due to internal (halokinesis, inversion) or external forces (one-sided loads at the surface due to mighty Delta sediments or glacial ice sheets) and geochemical reactions as a result of pressure and temperature changes in course of subsidence. Especially, the Rotliegend (Lower Permian) Gas Play is one of the possible illustrations of the entity of the North German Basin with its more than 70 - 90 independent parameters belonging to a global set of very complex hydrocarbon systems. Processes on Earth like the formation of systems of hydrocarbon fields as well as environmental systems (e.g. river systems, lakes, islands, sedimentary basins) are subordinated to the dices of nature and are steered invisibly by a selection of rules of the game that one understands as natural laws. The facts and remaining uncertainties as well as problems with subsurface-related processes (e.g. manmade tectonics, subsidence and uplift) guide the thoughts of engaged individuals on how to proceed wisely with limited predictability of challenges and dangers of a subsurface system. This work will be a trial to associate once more the natural sciences (geology) and the humanities (philosophy) for the benefit of both.
文摘目的研究线上实习带教时采用植入雨课堂智慧模式的教学法对产科实习教学效果的影响。方法回顾分析2022年5月—2023年2月在中山大学附属第三医院产科实习的五年制、八年制及内外全科医学士(bachelor of medicine and bachelor of surgery,MBBS)实习学生147名实习成绩,分为研究组65名,对照组82名。对照组开展正常的线下实习,研究组采用植入“雨课堂”智慧模式的新型教学方法开展线上实习。比较2组实习生的实习效果并对研究组实习生进行线上教学满意度调查。结果研究组实习生总成绩、平时成绩与对照组相比[五年制:(82.13±2.95)分vs.(83.03±3.44)分;八年制:(82.18±2.47)分vs.(83.52±3.13)分;MBBS:(81.82±2.41)分vs.(80.03±2.80)分],差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);研究组中五年制、八年制实习生理论考核成绩与对照组相比[五年制:(73.11±7.94)分vs.(73.82±8.50)分;八年制:(70.28±4.66)分vs.(69.03±6.56)分],差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而研究组MBBS实习生理论考核成绩高于对照组[(74.89±5.40)分vs.(65.25±7.81)分],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组中实习生技能考核成绩均低于对照组[五年制:(78.89±4.76)分vs.(81.27±4.77)分;八年制:(80.78±3.42)分vs.(84.29±6.12)分;MBBS:(76.78±3.93)分vs.(80.38±1.77)分],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组实习生对植入雨课堂智慧模式的教学法在产科线上实习带教中的满意度高,非常满意者占66.15%,无不满意者。结论植入雨课堂智慧模式的教学法在产科线上实习带教中的应用基本达到了产科实习的要求,虽然在临床技能培养上存在一定的局限性,但仍是一种可开展的线上实习教学法。