Echinacoside attenuates glandular fibrosis in benign prostatic hyperplasia via inhibiting MKK6/MK2 signaling pathway

Background:Lower urinary tract symptoms commonly occur in the elderly population and seriously constrain the quality of life.Glandular fibrosis is an important pathobiological process in benign prostatic hyperplasia and is also a main inducing factor for benign prostatic hyperplasia-associated lower urinary tract symptoms.Cistanches species is an important herbal medicine resource and is traditionally used in ameliorating renal and prostatic defects.Methods:This study was to investigate the potential protective function of echinacoside(a bioactive compound from Cistanches)against prostatic fibrosis in mice and human benign prostatic hyperplasia epithelial-1 cell models.Results:It was found that echinacoside attenuated testosterone-induced prostatic hyperplasia and collagen deposition in mice,relieved prostate local inflammation and oxidative damage,and ameliorated prostatic epithelial-mesenchymal transition.Additionally,echinacoside inhibited the activation of the MKK6/MK2 signaling pathway both in vivo and in vitro.Conclusion:This study added new evidence for the anti-fibrotic function of echinacoside on the prostate and provided new insights for understanding its possible pharmacological mechanisms.

A Clinical and Histopathological Analysis of 147 Cases of Dermatofibroma (Benign Fibrous Histiocytoma)

Background: Dermatofibroma usually occurs on the extremities or trunk as a common and benign skin tumor. The identification of typical dermatofibroma is uncomplicated, although it can be challenge due to its wide range of presentations and histological variations. Objective: This study was undertaken to evaluate the clinical and histopathological characteristics of 147 Cases of Dermatofibroma. Methods: This is a retrospective study of 147 biopsy specimens of 124 patients who were diagnosed with dermatofibroma in the Department of Dermatology and the Department of Pathology at the Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University between January 2009 and April 2024. All case were retrieved from the saved medical records. Results: Ages of the 124 Dermatofibroma-affected individuals ranged from 11 to 61 years with a male-to-female ratio of 1:1.7. Over 80% of the case occurred between the ages of 20 and 49 years, 61.9% of the lesions were found on the extremities. The duration of the cases varied from 17 days to 30 years and half of lesions (58.2%) persisted for less than two years. Over 60% of the lesions were found on the extremities. The diameter of the tumors ranged between 0.3 cm and 5 cm, with most tumors measuring less than or equal to 2 cm (85.00%). Cutaneous masses or dermatofibroma was the most common clinical diagnosis. Most tumors (79.6%) were asymptomatic. Cutaneous masses or dermatofibroma was the most common clinical diagnosis. Prior to the surgical procedure, 57 cases were suspected to be “DF”, 55 cases were suspected to be “cutaneous masses”. Immunohistochemical staining revealed positive expression of SMA, while the negative rate of CD34 was found to be 66.67%. No diffuse CD34 positivity was observed in all tumors. Conclusion: Variations in clinical features, pathological manifestations, and immunohistochemical results of DF pose challenges for accurate diagnosis. A comprehensive understanding of its clinical and pathological characteristics is crucial for precise identification. Incorporating immunohistochemical analysis can help prevent misdiagnosis.

Automatic Finding of Brain-Tumour Group Using CNN Segmentation and Moth-Flame-Algorithm,Selected Deep and Handcrafted Features

Augmentation of abnormal cells in the brain causes brain tumor(BT),and early screening and treatmentwill reduce its harshness in patients.BT’s clinical level screening is usually performed with Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI)due to its multi-modality nature.The overall aims of the study is to introduce,test and verify an advanced image processing technique with algorithms to automatically extract tumour sections from brain MRI scans,facilitating improved accuracy.The research intends to devise a reliable framework for detecting the BT region in the twodimensional(2D)MRI slice,and identifying its class with improved accuracy.The methodology for the devised framework comprises the phases of:(i)Collection and resizing of images,(ii)Implementation and Segmentation of Convolutional Neural Network(CNN),(iii)Deep feature extraction,(iv)Handcrafted feature extraction,(v)Moth-Flame-Algorithm(MFA)supported feature reduction,and(vi)Performance evaluation.This study utilized clinical-grade brain MRI of BRATS and TCIA datasets for the investigation.This framework segments detected the glioma(low/high grade)and glioblastoma class BT.This work helped to get a segmentation accuracy of over 98%with VGG-UNet and a classification accuracy of over 98%with the VGG16 scheme.This study has confirmed that the implemented framework is very efficient in detecting the BT in MRI slices with/without the skull section.

Clinical features and prognostic factors of duodenal neuroendocrine tumours:A comparative study of ampullary and nonampullary regions

BACKGROUND Duodenal neuroendocrine tumours(DNETs)are rare neoplasms.However,the incidence of DNETs has been increasing in recent years,especially as an incidental finding during endoscopic studies.Regrettably,there is no consensus regarding the ideal treatment of DNETs.Even there are few studies on the clinical features and survival analysis of DNETs.AIM To analyze the clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of patients with duodenal neuroendocrine tumours.METHODS The clinical data of DNETs diagnosed in the First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University from June 2011 to July 2022 were collected.Neuroen-docrine tumours located in the ampulla area of the duodenum were divided into the ampullary region group;neuroendocrine tumours in any part of the duo-denum outside the ampullary area were divided into the nonampullary region group.Using a retrospective study,the clinical characteristics of the two groups and risk factors affecting the survival of DNET patients were analysed.RESULTS Twenty-nine DNET patients were screened.The male to female ratio was 1:1.9,and females comprised the majority.The ampullary region group accounted for 24.1%(7/29),while the nonampullary region group accounted for 75.9%(22/29).When diagnosed,the clinical symptoms of the ampullary region group were mainly abdominal pain(85.7%),while those of the nonampullary region groups were mainly abdominal distension(59.1%).There were differences in the composition of staging of tumours between the two groups(Fisher's exact probability method,P=0.001),with nonampullary stage II tumours(68.2%)being the main stage(P<0.05).After the diagnosis of DNETs,the survival rate of the ampullary region group was 14.3%(1/7),which was lower than that of 72.7%(16/22)in the nonampullary region group(Fisher's exact probability method,P=0.011).The survival time of the ampullary region group was shorter than that of the nonampullary region group(P<0.000).The median survival time of the ampullary region group was 10.0 months and that of the nonampullary region group was 451.0 months.Multivariate analysis showed that tumours in the ampulla region and no surgical treatment after diagnosis were independent risk factors for the survival of DNET patients(HR=0.029,95%CI 0.004-0.199,P<0.000;HR=12.609,95%CI:2.889-55.037,P=0.001).Further analysis of nonampullary DNET patients showed that the survival time of patients with a tumour diameter<2 cm was longer than that of patients with a tumour diameter≥2 cm(t=7.243,P=0.048).As of follow-up,6 patients who died of nonampullary DNETs had a tumour diameter that was≥2 cm,and 3 patients in stage IV had liver metastasis.Patients with a tumour diameter<2 cm underwent surgical treatment,and all survived after surgery.CONCLUSION Surgical treatment is a protective factor for prolonging the survival of DNET patients.Compared to DNETs in the ampullary region,patients in the nonampullary region group had a longer survival period.The liver is the organ most susceptible to distant metastasis of nonampullary DNETs.

Hepatic perivascular epithelioid cell tumors:Benign,malignant,and uncertain malignant potential

In 2013,the World Health Organization defined perivascular epithelioid cell tumor(PEComa)as“a mesenchymal tumor which shows a local association with vessel walls and usually expresses melanocyte and smooth muscle markers.”This generic definition seems to better fit the PEComa family,which includes angiomyolipoma,clear cell sugar tumor of the lung,lymphangioleiomyomatosis,and a group of histologically and immunophenotypically similar tumors that include primary extrapulmonary sugar tumor and clear cell myomelanocytic tumor.Clear cell tumors with this immunophenotypic pattern have also had their malignant variants described.When localizing to the liver,preoperative radiological diagnosis has proven to be very difficult,and most patients have been diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma,focal nodular hyperplasia,hemangioma,or hepatic adenoma based on imaging findings.Examples of a malignant variant of the liver have been described.Finally,reports of malignant variants of these lesions have increased in recent years.Therefore,we support the use of the Folpe criteria,which in 2005 established the criteria for categorizing a PEComa as benign,malignant,or of uncertain malignant potential.Although they are not considered ideal,they currently seem to be the best approach and could be used for the categorization of liver tumors.

A deep learning fusion model for accurate classification of brain tumours in Magnetic Resonance images

Detecting brain tumours is complex due to the natural variation in their location, shape, and intensity in images. While having accurate detection and segmentation of brain tumours would be beneficial, current methods still need to solve this problem despite the numerous available approaches. Precise analysis of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is crucial for detecting, segmenting, and classifying brain tumours in medical diagnostics. Magnetic Resonance Imaging is a vital component in medical diagnosis, and it requires precise, efficient, careful, efficient, and reliable image analysis techniques. The authors developed a Deep Learning (DL) fusion model to classify brain tumours reliably. Deep Learning models require large amounts of training data to achieve good results, so the researchers utilised data augmentation techniques to increase the dataset size for training models. VGG16, ResNet50, and convolutional deep belief networks networks extracted deep features from MRI images. Softmax was used as the classifier, and the training set was supplemented with intentionally created MRI images of brain tumours in addition to the genuine ones. The features of two DL models were combined in the proposed model to generate a fusion model, which significantly increased classification accuracy. An openly accessible dataset from the internet was used to test the model's performance, and the experimental results showed that the proposed fusion model achieved a classification accuracy of 98.98%. Finally, the results were compared with existing methods, and the proposed model outperformed them significantly.

Association of KRAS Gene and microRNA-124-3p in Sporadic Colorectal Tumours

Aim: To reveal the exonic and 3’UTR sequences of KRAS, TP53, APC, BRAF, PIK3CA genes in sporadic colorectal tumors and to investigate the clinical relevance of 3’UTR variations in miRNA profiles. Methods: In the study, the exonic and 3’UTR sequences of five genes in 12 sporadic colorectal tumors were extracted by next generation sequencing. In tumors with variation in the 3’UTR region, the changes caused by the variation in the miRNA binding profile were detected. The expression profile of these miRNAs in colorectal and other solid tumors compared to normal tissue was determined. Pathway analysis was performed to determine which signaling pathways miRNAs affect. Results: Case-10 in our study was wild type KRAS and received cetuximab treatment and developed drug resistance. In this case, it was concluded that the expression of KRAS increased and tumorigenesis progressed due to miRNAs that do not bind to this region due to variations in the 3’UTR region. Among these miRNAs, hsa-miR-124-3p was found to have decreased expression in colorectal tumors and to be associated with the ECM-receptor interaction pathway. Conclusion: Variations in the 3’UTR regions of genes critical in the process of carsinogenesis are associated with drug resistance and the process of tumorigenesis.

Tongue image feature correlation analysis in benign lung nodules and lung cancer

Objective To analyze the differences in the correlation of tongue image indicators among patients with benign lung nodules and lung cancer.Methods From July 1;2020 to March 31;2022;clinical information of lung cancer patients and benign lung nodules patients was collected at the Oncology Department of Longhua Hos-pital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine and the Physical Ex-amination Center of Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chi-nese Medicine;respectively.We obtained tongue images from patients with benign lung nod-ules and lung cancer using the TFDA-1 digital tongue diagnosis instrument;and analyzed these images with the TDAS V2.0 software.The extracted indicators included color space pa-rameters in the Lab system for both the tongue body(TB)and tongue coating(TC)(TB/TC-L;TB/TC-a;and TB/TC-b);textural parameters[TB/TC-contrast(CON);TB/TC-angular second moment(ASM);TB/TC-entropy(ENT);and TB/TC-MEAN];as well as TC parameters(perAll and perPart).The bivariate correlation of TB and TC features was analyzed using Pearson’s or Spearman’s correlation analysis;and the overall correlation was analyzed using canonical correlation analysis(CCA).Results Samples from 307 patients with benign lung nodules and 276 lung cancer patients were included after excluding outliers and extreme values.Simple correlation analysis indi-cated that the correlation of TB-L with TC-L;TB-b with TC-b;and TB-b with perAll in lung cancer group was higher than that in benign nodules group.Moreover;the correlation of TB-a with TC-a;TB-a with perAll;and the texture parameters of the TB(TB-CON;TB-ASM;TB-ENT;and TB-MEAN)with the texture parameters of the TC(TC-CON;TC-ASM;TC-ENT;and TC-MEAN)in benign nodules group was higher than lung cancer group.CCA further demon-strated a strong correlation between the TB and TC parameters in lung cancer group;with the first and second pairs of typical variables in benign nodules and lung cancer groups indicat-ing correlation coefficients of 0.918 and 0.817(P<0.05);and 0.940 and 0.822(P<0.05);re-spectively.Conclusion Benign lung nodules and lung cancer patients exhibited differences in correla-tion in the L;a;and b values of the TB and TC;as well as the perAll value of the TC;and the texture parameters(TB/TC-CON;TB/TC-ASM;TB/TC-ENT;and TB/TC-MEAN)between the TB and TC.Additionally;there were differences in the overall correlation of the TB and TC be-tween the two groups.Objective tongue diagnosis indicators can effectively assist in the diag-nosis of benign lung nodules and lung cancer;thereby providing a scientific basis for the ear-ly detection;diagnosis;and treatment of lung cancer.

User-friendly prognostic model for rectal neuroendocrine tumours: In the era of precision management

In this letter,we explore into the potential role of the recent study by Zeng et al.Rectal neuroendocrine tumours(rNETs)are rare,originate from peptidergic neurons and neuroendocrine cells,and express corresponding markers.Although most rNETs patients have a favourable prognosis,the median survival period significantly decreases when high-risk factors,such as larger tumours,poorer differentiation,and lymph node metastasis exist,are present.Clinical prediction models play a vital role in guiding diagnosis and prognosis in health care,but their complex calculation formulae limit clinical use.Moreover,the prognostic models that have been developed for rNETs to date still have several limitations,such as insufficient sample sizes and the lack of external validation.A high-quality prognostic model for rNETs would guide treatment and follow-up,enabling the precise formulation of individual patient treatment and follow-up plans.The future development of models for rNETs should involve closer collab-oration with statistical experts,which would allow the construction of clinical prediction models to be standardized and robust,accurate,and highly general-izable prediction models to be created,ultimately achieving the goal of precision medicine.

Tumour response following preoperative chemotherapy is affected by body mass index in patients with colorectal liver metastases

BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer is the third most prevalent malignancy globally and ranks second in cancer-related mortality,with the liver being the primary organ of metastasis.Preoperative chemotherapy is widely recommended for initially or potentially resectable colorectal liver metastases(CRLMs).Tumour pathological response serves as the most important and intuitive indicator for assessing the efficacy of chemotherapy.However,the postoperative pathological results reveal that a considerable number of patients exhibit a poor response to preoperative chemotherapy.Body mass index(BMI)is one of the factors affecting the tumori-genesis and progression of colorectal cancer as well as prognosis after various antitumour therapies.Several studies have indicated that overweight and obese patients with metastatic colorectal cancer experience worse prognoses than those with normal weight,particularly when receiving first-line chemotherapy regimens in combination with bevacizumab.AIM To explore the predictive value of BMI regarding the pathologic response following preoperative chemotherapy for CRLMs.METHODS A retrospective analysis was performed in 126 consecutive patients with CRLM who underwent hepatectomy following preoperative chemotherapy at four different hospitals from October 2019 to July 2023.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were applied to analyse potential predictors of tumour pathological response.The Kaplan-Meier method with log rank test was used to compare progression-free survival(PFS)between patients with high and low BMI.BMI<24.0 kg/m^(2) was defined as low BMI,and tumour regression grade 1-2 was defined as complete tumour response.RESULTS Low BMI was observed in 74(58.7%)patients and complete tumour response was found in 27(21.4%)patients.The rate of complete tumour response was significantly higher in patients with low BMI(29.7%vs 9.6%,P=0.007).Multivariate analysis revealed that low BMI[odds ratio(OR)=4.56,95%confidence interval(CI):1.42-14.63,P=0.011],targeted therapy with bevacizumab(OR=3.02,95%CI:1.10-8.33,P=0.033),preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen level<10 ng/mL(OR=3.84,95%CI:1.19-12.44,P=0.025)and severe sinusoidal dilatation(OR=0.17,95%CI:0.03-0.90,P=0.037)were independent predictive factors for complete tumour response.The low BMI group exhibited a significantly longer median PFS than the high BMI group(10.7 mo vs 4.7 mo,P=0.011).CONCLUSION In CRLM patients receiving preoperative chemotherapy,a low BMI may be associated with better tumour response and longer PFS.

Sporadic gastrinoma with refractory benign esophageal stricture:A case report

BACKGROUND Gastrinoma is characterized by an excessive release of gastrin,leading to hypersecretion of gastric acid,subsequently resulting in recurrent peptic ulcers,chronic diarrhea,and even esophageal strictures.This case report aims to improve awareness and facilitate early diagnosis and treatment of gastrinoma by presenting a rare case of gastrinoma with refractory benign esophageal stricture(RBES).Additionally,it highlights the persistent challenges that gastroenterologists encounter in managing RBES.CASE SUMMARY This case demonstrates a patient with gastrinoma who developed RBES and complete esophageal obstruction despite management with maximal acid suppressive therapy,multiple endoscopic bougie dilations and endoscopic incisional therapy(EIT).CONCLUSION It is essential to diagnose gastrinoma as early as possible,as inadequately controlled acid secretion over an extended period increases the risk of developing severe esophageal strictures.In patients with esophageal strictures causing complete luminal obstruction,blind reopening EIT presents challenges and carries a high risk of perforation.

New rabbit model for benign biliary stricture formation with repeatable administration

BACKGROUND The treatment of benign biliary strictures(BBS)is a challenging clinical problem.At present,there is a lack of ideal models for the study of BBS treatment.AIM To develop a novel animal model of BBS to simulate studies on the processes and mechanisms in the human condition.METHODS A rabbit model of benign bile duct stricture was established by surgical injury of the bile duct.After removal of the gallbladder,a drainage tube was placed th-rough the cystic duct at the stump,and a BBS model was induced by surgical injury at the lower end of the common bile duct.RESULTS Compared with the control group,the model rabbits showed gross jaundice,increased serum bilirubin,and decreased liver function.Cholangiography showed segmental bile duct stenosis in the model rabbits.Pathological staining showed inflammatory cell infiltration and fibrosis in the biliary tract of rabbits in the model group.This was consistent with the clinical manifestations of BBS.This model provided serology,imaging,pathology,and other aspects of BBS.CONCLUSION We have successfully established an animal model of benign stricture of the lower bile duct with repeatable administration,which is consistent with the clinical manifestations of BBS.

Atypical presentation of a posterior fossa tumour:A case report

BACKGROUND We described a case of a patient with a meningioma in the posterior fossa presenting atypically with an isolated unilateral vocal cord palsy causing severe respiratory distress.This is of interest as the patient had no other symptomatology,especially given the size of the mass,which would typically cause a pressure effect leading to neurological and auditory symptoms.CASE SUMMARY This case report described a 48-year-old male who was married with two children and employed as a car guard.He had a medical history of asthma for the past 10 years controlled with an as-needed beta 2 agonist metered dose inhaler.He initially presented to our facility with severe respiratory distress.He reported a 1-wk history of shortness of breath and wheezing that was not relieved by his bronchodilator.He had no constitutional symptoms or impairment of hearing.On clinical examination,the patient’s chest was“silent.”Our initial assessment was status asthmaticus with type 2 respiratory failure,based on the history of asthma,a“silent chest,”and the arterial blood gas results.CONCLUSION A posterior fossa meningioma of such a large size and with extensive infiltration rarely presents with an isolated unilateral vocal cord palsy.The patient’s chief presenting feature was severe respiratory distress,which combined with his background medical history of asthma,was misleading.Clinicians should thus consider meningioma as a differential diagnosis for a unilateral vocal cord palsy even without audiology involvement.

Alleviatory effect of isoquercetin on benign prostatic hyperplasia via IGF-1/PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway

We evaluated the effect of isoquercetin(quercetin-O-3-glucoside-quercetin,IQ)as a functional component of Abeliophyllum disistichum Nakai ethanol extract(ADLE)on prostate cell proliferation and apoptosis and its effects on the IGF-1/PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH).Metabolites in ADLE were analyzed using UHPLC-qTOF-MS and HPLC.IQ was orally administered(1 or 10 mg/kg)to a testosterone propionate-induced BPH rat model,and its effects on the prostate weight were evaluated.The effect of IQ on androgen receptor(AR)signaling was analyzed in LNCaP cells.Whether IGF-1 and IQ affect the IGF-1/PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in BPH-1 cells was also examined.The metabolites in ADLE were identified and quantified,which confirmed that ADLE contained abundant IQ(20.88 mg/g).IQ significantly reduced the prostate size in a concentration-dependent manner in a BPH rat model,and significantly decreased the expression of AR signaling factors in the rat prostate tissue and LNCaP cells in a concentration-dependent manner.IQ also inhibited the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway activated by IGF-1 treatment in BPH-1 cells.In BPH-1 cells,IQ led to G0/G1 arrest and suppressed the expression of proliferation factors while inducing apoptosis.Thus,IQ shows potential for use as a pharmaceutical and nutraceutical for BPH.

Diagnosis and management of benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis and psychosocial stressors in an adolescent:A case report

BACKGROUND Benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis(BRIC)is a rare autosomal recessive disorder,characterized by episodes of intense pruritus,elevated serum levels of alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin,and near-normal-glutamyl transferase.These episodes may persist for weeks to months before spontaneously resolving,with patients typically remaining asymptomatic between occurrences.Diagnosis entails the evaluation of clinical symptoms and targeted genetic testing.Although BRIC is recognized as a benign genetic disorder,the triggers,particularly psychosocial factors,remain poorly understood.CASE SUMMARY An 18-year-old Chinese man presented with recurrent jaundice and pruritus after a cold,which was exacerbated by self-medication involving vitamin B and paracetamol.Clinical and laboratory evaluations revealed elevated levels of bilirubin and liver enzymes,in the absence of viral or autoimmune liver disease.Imaging excluded biliary and pancreatic abnormalities,and liver biopsy demonstrated centrilobular cholestasis,culminating in a BRIC diagnosis confirmed by the identification of a novel ATP8B1 gene mutation.Psychological assessment of the patient unveiled stress attributable to academic and familial pressures,regarded as potential triggers for BRIC.Initial relief was observed with ursodeoxycholic acid and cetirizine,followed by an adjustment of the treatment regimen in response to elevated liver enzymes.The patient's condition significantly improved following a stress-related episode,thanks to a comprehensive management approach that included psychosocial support and medical treatment.CONCLUSION Our research highlights genetic and psychosocial influences on BRIC,emphasizing integrated diagnostic and management strategies.

Treatment of benign rectal stricture caused by repeated anal insertion by endoscopy and balloon dilation:A case report

BACKGROUND Benign rectal strictures can be categorized as primary(disease-related)and secondary(surgical anastomosis-related).Secondary strictures arise from surgical complications,whereas primary strictures have diverse etiologies,including various inflammatory conditions.Benign strictures are usually managed by surgery and endoscopy.We present an unusual etiology of benign rectal stricture caused by the repeated insertion of foreign objects into the rectum for sexual purposes,resulting in rectal injury and subsequent chronic inflammation.CASE SUMMARY A 53-year-old man presented to the outpatient clinic of the Colorectal Surgery Department with symptoms of chronic constipation and bloody stools.The patient previously experienced rectal injury due to foreign object insertion for sexual purposes.Colonoscopy revealed benign circumferential narrowing of the rectum.He underwent treatment by endoscopic argon plasma coagulation and balloon dilation and follow-up as an outpatient for 4 months.A colonoscopy at the end of the follow-up period revealed no evidence of rectal stricture relapse.CONCLUSION A history of rectal injury,followed by chronic inflammation,should be considered in patients with benign rectal strictures.Management with endoscopic argon plasma coagulation and balloon dilation can prevent the need for surgical resection of benign rectal strictures.

The Value of MRI and CT in the Diagnosis of Retroperitoneal Tumours

Objective:This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness and value of MRI and CT in the diagnosis of retroperitoneal tumours.Methods:60 patients with retroperitoneal tumours admitted to our hospital between July 2022 and March 2023 were selected as the study subjects.All of them received MRI and CT examinations.The detection of the two examination methods was compared and analyzed using the pathological findings as the standard.Results:The detection rate of MRI(58/60,96.67%)was significantly higher than that of CT(50/60,83.33%),and the difference was significant(P=0.015<0.05).Conclusion:Both MRI and CT have important application values in the diagnosis of retroperitoneal tumours.MRI has advantages in observing soft tissue structures,nerve tissues,etc.,and can provide more detailed anatomical structure information,which can help differentiate the retroperitoneal tumours and locate them accurately.CT,on the other hand,has unique advantages in observing the skeletal structure and the density of certain tumours,etc.It can quickly obtain comprehensive imaging information,which helps to determine the extent and invasion of the tumour.

Evaluation of the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for intermediate and advanced breast cancer by 3.0T MR and ultrasound combined with tumour markers

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for intermediate and advanced breast cancer using 3.0T MR and ultrasound in combination with tumour markers(CEA,CA-153,CA125),and to provide therapeutic references for the clinicians,so as to better satisfy the needs of treatment for intermediate and advanced breast cancer patients.Methods:The team collected 30 patients who were diagnosed with intermediate and advanced breast cancer by biopsy and received neoadjuvant chemotherapy,and divided them into sensitive and insensitive groups according to the MP grading of postoperative pathological results.The team retrospectively analysed the changes in the values of serum CEA,CA-153,and CA 125 before and after the neoadjuvant chemotherapy,the changes in the average ADC of the lesions before and after the observation by MRI,and the changes in the volume and size of lesions before and after the observation by ultrasonography to assess the effects of neoadjuvant chemotherapy individually,and the results of neoadjuvant chemotherapy were evaluated individually.The effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy was assessed independently.Each of the above was evaluated independently,and the accuracy of each item was calculated by comparing the evaluation results with the pathological examination results,and the accuracy of the single item was compared with the accuracy of the three combined tests to determine whether the combined evaluation was more consistent.Results:All three examination and testing methods can achieve high accuracy,and the combined evaluation of the three is more accurate than the evaluation of the single way,and the difference is statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:In neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer patients,the combined assessment of MR,CDFI and tumour markers can more comprehensively and accurately assess the effect of ADC,and more accurately guide the clinical treatment and determine the prognosis.

Benign Multicystic Peritoneal Mesothelioma: A Case Report

Benign multicystic peritoneal mesothelioma(BMPM)is a rare tumor originating from peritoneal mesothelial cells.Here,we present a case of an 18-year-old male with right lower abdominal pain.Physical examination revealed a palpable mass with unclear boundaries.Laboratory tests showed elevated levels of monocytes and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein.CT scan revealed a cystic mass in the ileocecal region with multiple septations.Laparoscopic surgery confirmed a cystic solid mass resembling beads on the colon’s right side.Immunohistochemistry confirmed BMPM diagnosis.BMPM,especially in the ileocecal region,is uncommon and presents diagnostic challenges.Differential diagnosis includes lymphangioma,peritoneal metastasis,and malignant mesothelioma.CT findings,such as thin cyst walls and septations,aid in diagnosis.Recognition of BMPM’s imaging features improves diagnostic accuracy.Surgical resection remains the primary treatment.This case underscores the importance of considering BMPM in young male patients with abdominal pain and emphasizes the value of imaging modalities in accurate diagnosis and management.

Surgical treatment of left-sided renal carcinoma with grade II inferior vena cava tumour thrombus: a report and review of the literature

The surgical removal of renal cancer,along with the thrombectomy of the inferior vena cava tumour thrombus,represents a remarkable milestone in urological surgery.This procedure is not only technically demanding but also requires a high level of surgical expertise.Managing renal cancer combined with a vena cava tumour thrombus poses significant challenges,especially when dealing with combined grade Ⅱ-Ⅳ inferior vena cava tumour thrombus.The complexity of these cases is further exacerbated by the delicate anatomical structures involved and the need to preserve critical vessels while effectively removing the tumour.The Upper Urethral Tumour Treatment Centre of Weifang People's Hospital successfully treated a challenging case of left renal tumour combined with grade II inferior vena cava tumour thrombus.The surgical team,led by experienced urological surgeons,meticulously planned and executed the procedure,ensuring minimal trauma to the patient and complete removal of the tumour.This achievement not only demonstrates the hospital's commitment to providing state-of-the-art surgical care but also highlights the importance of continued research and training in urological oncology.The successful outcome of this case is a testament to the expertise and dedication of the medical team and offers hope to patients facing similar complex surgical challenges.