With the help of the asymptotic expansion for the classic Li formula and based on the L1-type compact difference scheme,we propose a temporal Richardson extrapolation method for the fractional sub-diffusion equation.T...With the help of the asymptotic expansion for the classic Li formula and based on the L1-type compact difference scheme,we propose a temporal Richardson extrapolation method for the fractional sub-diffusion equation.Three extrapolation formulas are presented,whose temporal convergence orders in L_(∞)-norm are proved to be 2,3-α,and 4-2α,respectively,where 0<α<1.Similarly,by the method of order reduction,an extrapola-tion method is constructed for the fractional wave equation including two extrapolation formulas,which achieve temporal 4-γ and 6-2γ order in L_(∞)-norm,respectively,where1<γ<2.Combining the derived extrapolation methods with the fast algorithm for Caputo fractional derivative based on the sum-of-exponential approximation,the fast extrapolation methods are obtained which reduce the computational complexity significantly while keep-ing the accuracy.Several numerical experiments confirm the theoretical results.展开更多
In July, construction began on the Shanghai International Motorcycle Race Field. Main construction should be completed in March 2004 and Fl Formula China Championships could be held that year.Located in the suburban J...In July, construction began on the Shanghai International Motorcycle Race Field. Main construction should be completed in March 2004 and Fl Formula China Championships could be held that year.Located in the suburban Jiading District of Shanghai, the International Motorcycle Race Field will occupy an area of 5.3 square kilometers. It consists of a race area, a business and exhibition area, an entertainment area and a reserved area.展开更多
OBJECTIVE Despite the status of cisplatin(DDP) as a classical chemotherapeutic agent in the treatment of cancer,the development of multidrug resistance often leads to a failure of DDP therapy.Traditional Chinese medic...OBJECTIVE Despite the status of cisplatin(DDP) as a classical chemotherapeutic agent in the treatment of cancer,the development of multidrug resistance often leads to a failure of DDP therapy.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) as adjuvant chemotherapy of cancer drugs in China has been widely used in cancer treatment.ZuoJin WAN(ZJW),a TCM formula,was proved reversing drug resistance in gastric cancer,but its exact mechanism was still unclear.METHODS CCK-8 assay was used to detect the cell viability.The levels of proteins and mRNA were evaluated using Western blot and q-PCR.Mitochondrial membrane potential was measured by flow cytometry.Depolymerisa.tion of F-actin and translocation of G-actin(gamma-actin) from the cytoplasm to the mitochondria was detected using an immuno fl uorescence assay.RESULTS phosphorylated coflin-1(p-coflin-1) was overexpressed in the DDP-resistant human gastric cancer cell lines SGC7901/DDP and BGC823/DDP,relative to the respective parent cell lines(SGC7901 and BGC823),and DDP induced the dephosphory.lation of p-coflin-1 in both parent lines but not in the DDP-resistant lines.However,ZJW could induce the dephosphorylation of pcoflin-1 and promote coflin-1 translocation from the cytoplasm into the mito.chondria in both SGC7901/DDP and BGC823/DDP cells.This mitochondrial translocation of coflin-1 was found to induce the conversion of flamentous actin to globular-actin,activate mitochondrial dam.age and calcium overloading,and induce the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway.These effects of ZJW on DDP-resistant human gastric cancer cell lines could be reversed via transfection with coflin-1-specifc siRNA,or treatment with a PP1 and PP2A inhibitor.CONCLUSION ZJW can be used as an inhibitor of chemoresistance in gastric cancer,which may partly be due to dephosphorylation of p-coflin-1 via the activation of PP1 and PP2A.展开更多
目的探究解郁止痛方(JYZT)对偏头痛-抑郁共病模型大鼠行为学及脑组织中Nod样受体蛋白3(Nod-like receptor protein 3,NLRP3)/胱天蛋白酶-1(Caspase-1)蛋白表达水平的影响。方法48只大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、阳性药物组、JYZT低剂量...目的探究解郁止痛方(JYZT)对偏头痛-抑郁共病模型大鼠行为学及脑组织中Nod样受体蛋白3(Nod-like receptor protein 3,NLRP3)/胱天蛋白酶-1(Caspase-1)蛋白表达水平的影响。方法48只大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、阳性药物组、JYZT低剂量组、JYZT中剂量组、JYZT高剂量组,每组8只,除正常组外,其余各组均采用间歇性颈部皮下注射硝酸甘油注射液及7种不同的慢性不可预知性温和刺激方法诱导偏头痛-抑郁共病大鼠模型。造模开始同时予以药物干预治疗。诱导偏头痛模型前进行热痛阈值测定,造模前、造模治疗中(第10天)、造模治疗后对各组大鼠进行行为学测试。Western blot检测大鼠杏仁核组织中NLRP3及Caspase-1蛋白的表达。结果第7、第14、第21天,与正常组相比,模型组热痛阈值显著降低(P<0.01);与模型组相比,阳性药物组及解郁止痛方各剂量组热痛阈值显著升高(P<0.05,P<0.01)。造模治疗第10天、第21天,与正常组相比,模型组旷场实验水平和垂直运动得分、糖水偏好率均显著降低(P<0.01),新奇抑制摄食-潜伏时间及强迫游泳不动时间均显著延长(P<0.01);与模型组比较,阳性药物组及JYZT各剂量组旷场实验水平和垂直运动得分、糖水偏好率均显著升高(P<0.05,P<0.01),新奇抑制摄食-潜伏时间及强迫游泳不动时间显著缩短(P<0.05,P<0.01)。造模治疗结束后,与正常组比较,模型组NLRP3及Caspase-1蛋白表达显著升高(P<0.01);与模型组比较,阳性药物组及JYZT中剂量组、JYZT高剂量组NLRP3及Caspase-1蛋白表达显著降低(P<0.01)。结论解郁止痛方可以改善偏头痛-抑郁共病大鼠的行为学得分,降低大鼠脑组织杏仁核中NLRP3及Caspase-1蛋白表达,从而抑制炎症反应的发生。展开更多
In this article, we study the (2+1)-extension of Burgers equation and the KP equation. At first, based on a known Backlund transformation and corresponding Lax pair, an invariance which depends on two arbitrary functi...In this article, we study the (2+1)-extension of Burgers equation and the KP equation. At first, based on a known Backlund transformation and corresponding Lax pair, an invariance which depends on two arbitrary functions for (2+1)-extension of Burgers equation is worked out. Given a known solution and using the invariance, we can find solutions of the (2+1)-extension of Burgers equation repeatedly. Secondly, we put forward an invariance of Burgers equation which cannot be directly obtained by constraining the invariance of the (2+ 1)-extension of Burgers equation.Furthermore, we reveal that the invariance for finding the solutions of Burgers equation can help us find the solutions of KP equation. At last, based on the invariance of Burgers equation, the corresponding recursion formulae for finding solutions of KP equation are digged out. As the application of our theory, some examples have been put forward in this article and some solutions of the (2+ 1)-extension of Burgers equation, Burgers equation and KP equation are obtained.展开更多
We deal with the (2 + 1)-extension of classical Boussinesq system,which can reduce to several meaningful(1 + 1)-dimensional systems.By studying its Lax pair,we put forward invariances of Lax pair at first,then a recur...We deal with the (2 + 1)-extension of classical Boussinesq system,which can reduce to several meaningful(1 + 1)-dimensional systems.By studying its Lax pair,we put forward invariances of Lax pair at first,then a recursionformula depending on an arbitrary function is derived.At last,some solutions of the (2 + 1)-extension of classicalBoussinesq system are digged out by using the formula.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant number 11671081).
文摘With the help of the asymptotic expansion for the classic Li formula and based on the L1-type compact difference scheme,we propose a temporal Richardson extrapolation method for the fractional sub-diffusion equation.Three extrapolation formulas are presented,whose temporal convergence orders in L_(∞)-norm are proved to be 2,3-α,and 4-2α,respectively,where 0<α<1.Similarly,by the method of order reduction,an extrapola-tion method is constructed for the fractional wave equation including two extrapolation formulas,which achieve temporal 4-γ and 6-2γ order in L_(∞)-norm,respectively,where1<γ<2.Combining the derived extrapolation methods with the fast algorithm for Caputo fractional derivative based on the sum-of-exponential approximation,the fast extrapolation methods are obtained which reduce the computational complexity significantly while keep-ing the accuracy.Several numerical experiments confirm the theoretical results.
文摘In July, construction began on the Shanghai International Motorcycle Race Field. Main construction should be completed in March 2004 and Fl Formula China Championships could be held that year.Located in the suburban Jiading District of Shanghai, the International Motorcycle Race Field will occupy an area of 5.3 square kilometers. It consists of a race area, a business and exhibition area, an entertainment area and a reserved area.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(81473481) Construct Program of the Key Discipline of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of People′s Republic of China the Science Foundation for Shanghai Municipal Health and Fa
文摘OBJECTIVE Despite the status of cisplatin(DDP) as a classical chemotherapeutic agent in the treatment of cancer,the development of multidrug resistance often leads to a failure of DDP therapy.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) as adjuvant chemotherapy of cancer drugs in China has been widely used in cancer treatment.ZuoJin WAN(ZJW),a TCM formula,was proved reversing drug resistance in gastric cancer,but its exact mechanism was still unclear.METHODS CCK-8 assay was used to detect the cell viability.The levels of proteins and mRNA were evaluated using Western blot and q-PCR.Mitochondrial membrane potential was measured by flow cytometry.Depolymerisa.tion of F-actin and translocation of G-actin(gamma-actin) from the cytoplasm to the mitochondria was detected using an immuno fl uorescence assay.RESULTS phosphorylated coflin-1(p-coflin-1) was overexpressed in the DDP-resistant human gastric cancer cell lines SGC7901/DDP and BGC823/DDP,relative to the respective parent cell lines(SGC7901 and BGC823),and DDP induced the dephosphory.lation of p-coflin-1 in both parent lines but not in the DDP-resistant lines.However,ZJW could induce the dephosphorylation of pcoflin-1 and promote coflin-1 translocation from the cytoplasm into the mito.chondria in both SGC7901/DDP and BGC823/DDP cells.This mitochondrial translocation of coflin-1 was found to induce the conversion of flamentous actin to globular-actin,activate mitochondrial dam.age and calcium overloading,and induce the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway.These effects of ZJW on DDP-resistant human gastric cancer cell lines could be reversed via transfection with coflin-1-specifc siRNA,or treatment with a PP1 and PP2A inhibitor.CONCLUSION ZJW can be used as an inhibitor of chemoresistance in gastric cancer,which may partly be due to dephosphorylation of p-coflin-1 via the activation of PP1 and PP2A.
文摘目的探究解郁止痛方(JYZT)对偏头痛-抑郁共病模型大鼠行为学及脑组织中Nod样受体蛋白3(Nod-like receptor protein 3,NLRP3)/胱天蛋白酶-1(Caspase-1)蛋白表达水平的影响。方法48只大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、阳性药物组、JYZT低剂量组、JYZT中剂量组、JYZT高剂量组,每组8只,除正常组外,其余各组均采用间歇性颈部皮下注射硝酸甘油注射液及7种不同的慢性不可预知性温和刺激方法诱导偏头痛-抑郁共病大鼠模型。造模开始同时予以药物干预治疗。诱导偏头痛模型前进行热痛阈值测定,造模前、造模治疗中(第10天)、造模治疗后对各组大鼠进行行为学测试。Western blot检测大鼠杏仁核组织中NLRP3及Caspase-1蛋白的表达。结果第7、第14、第21天,与正常组相比,模型组热痛阈值显著降低(P<0.01);与模型组相比,阳性药物组及解郁止痛方各剂量组热痛阈值显著升高(P<0.05,P<0.01)。造模治疗第10天、第21天,与正常组相比,模型组旷场实验水平和垂直运动得分、糖水偏好率均显著降低(P<0.01),新奇抑制摄食-潜伏时间及强迫游泳不动时间均显著延长(P<0.01);与模型组比较,阳性药物组及JYZT各剂量组旷场实验水平和垂直运动得分、糖水偏好率均显著升高(P<0.05,P<0.01),新奇抑制摄食-潜伏时间及强迫游泳不动时间显著缩短(P<0.05,P<0.01)。造模治疗结束后,与正常组比较,模型组NLRP3及Caspase-1蛋白表达显著升高(P<0.01);与模型组比较,阳性药物组及JYZT中剂量组、JYZT高剂量组NLRP3及Caspase-1蛋白表达显著降低(P<0.01)。结论解郁止痛方可以改善偏头痛-抑郁共病大鼠的行为学得分,降低大鼠脑组织杏仁核中NLRP3及Caspase-1蛋白表达,从而抑制炎症反应的发生。
文摘In this article, we study the (2+1)-extension of Burgers equation and the KP equation. At first, based on a known Backlund transformation and corresponding Lax pair, an invariance which depends on two arbitrary functions for (2+1)-extension of Burgers equation is worked out. Given a known solution and using the invariance, we can find solutions of the (2+1)-extension of Burgers equation repeatedly. Secondly, we put forward an invariance of Burgers equation which cannot be directly obtained by constraining the invariance of the (2+ 1)-extension of Burgers equation.Furthermore, we reveal that the invariance for finding the solutions of Burgers equation can help us find the solutions of KP equation. At last, based on the invariance of Burgers equation, the corresponding recursion formulae for finding solutions of KP equation are digged out. As the application of our theory, some examples have been put forward in this article and some solutions of the (2+ 1)-extension of Burgers equation, Burgers equation and KP equation are obtained.
文摘We deal with the (2 + 1)-extension of classical Boussinesq system,which can reduce to several meaningful(1 + 1)-dimensional systems.By studying its Lax pair,we put forward invariances of Lax pair at first,then a recursionformula depending on an arbitrary function is derived.At last,some solutions of the (2 + 1)-extension of classicalBoussinesq system are digged out by using the formula.
