城乡能源消费格局是应对气候变化的重要议题,也是低碳治理的关键对象。市域尺度城乡能耗空间定量化研究对区域可持续发展及规划决策具有重要支撑作用。基于山东省潍坊市行业部门综合能源消耗量,结合兴趣点(point of interest,POI)大数...城乡能源消费格局是应对气候变化的重要议题,也是低碳治理的关键对象。市域尺度城乡能耗空间定量化研究对区域可持续发展及规划决策具有重要支撑作用。基于山东省潍坊市行业部门综合能源消耗量,结合兴趣点(point of interest,POI)大数据和土地利用等多源空间数据,统筹考虑企业数量、人口密度、车流量及耕地面积等关键因素,量化分析工业、生活、交通及农业部门的能耗格网空间分布。研究发现:工业、交通及生活用能的空间分布具有相似性;能源总消费量在各区域间具有差异性,呈现不同的热点分布特征,以团簇热点式分布为主;核心城区的能耗需求强烈,高强度用能区覆盖率显著高于其他地区。通过分析市域尺度上的能源消费格网格局特征,探索公里格网尺度下融合多源数据的空间可视化比较分析方法,可为区域低碳规划、国土空间规划以及可持续发展提供理论支持。展开更多
本文利用中尺度模式WRF V4.0.2(Weather Research and Forecasting Model,Version 4.0.2)对浙江省两次梅雨锋暴雨过程进行数值模拟,分别选用WSM6和Thompson云微物理方案、YSU和MYJ边界层方案、以及11种对流参数化方案进行试验,探究不同...本文利用中尺度模式WRF V4.0.2(Weather Research and Forecasting Model,Version 4.0.2)对浙江省两次梅雨锋暴雨过程进行数值模拟,分别选用WSM6和Thompson云微物理方案、YSU和MYJ边界层方案、以及11种对流参数化方案进行试验,探究不同积云对流参数化方案对梅雨锋暴雨的1 km高分辨率预报的影响,结果表明:(1)在对各试验的降水预报评估过程中,使用传统点对点方法和邻域法都能客观表现出各试验的预报水平,而邻域检验法能更客观地评估模式对小范围强降水的预报水平。(2)三类积云对流方案(包括:无积云对流方案、传统积云对流方案和尺度自适应积云对流方案)都能较好地模拟出小雨降水的发生情况,但随着降水强度增强至暴雨、大暴雨量级时,尺度自适应的积云对流方案对降水的预报结果有明显改善。(3)在不同微物理和边界层组合方案下,尺度自适应积云对流方案的模拟结果差异更显著,而传统积云对流方案的模拟结果的效果差异不明显。(4)在1~10 km的“灰色区域”范围内,当网格分辨率逐渐提高到1 km时,尺度自适应积云对流方案较传统积云对流方案对模式的预报结果有明显的改善。本研究的结果在一定程度上可为高精度业务预报工作中对尺度自适应积云对流参数化方案的应用提供参考。展开更多
A real-time,long-term surface meteorological blended forcing dataset(SMBFD)has been developed based on station observations,satellite retrievals,and reanalysis products in China.The observations are collected at natio...A real-time,long-term surface meteorological blended forcing dataset(SMBFD)has been developed based on station observations,satellite retrievals,and reanalysis products in China.The observations are collected at national and regional automatic weather stations,satellite data are obtained from the Fengyun(FY)series satellites retrievals,and the reanalysis products are obtained from the ECMWF.The 90-m resolution digital terrain elevation data in China are obtained from the Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission(SRTM)for temperature and humidity elevation adjustment.The dataset includes 2-m air temperature and humidity,10-m zonal and meridional winds,downward shortwave radiation,surface pressure,and precipitation.The spatial resolution is 1 km,and the temporal resolution is 1 h.During the data processing procedure,various data fusion techniques including the space–time multiscale variational analysis,the discrete ordinates radiative transfer(DISORT)model,the hybrid radiation estimation model,and a terrain correction algorithm are employed.Dependent and independent evaluations of the dataset are performed against observations.The SMBFD dataset is also compared with similar datasets produced in other major meteorological operational centers in the world.The results are as follows.(1)All variables show reasonable geographic distribution features and realistic spatial and temporal variations.(2)Dependent and independent evaluations both indicate that the gridded SMBFD dataset is close to the observations,while the dependent evaluation yields better results than the independent evaluation.(3)Compared with similar datasets produced in other meteorological operational centers,the real-time and retrospective surface meteorological fusion data obviously have higher quality.The dataset introduced in the present study is in general stable and accurate,and can be applied in various practice such as meteorology,agriculture,ecology,environmental protection,etc.Meanwhile,this dataset has been used as the atmospheric forcing data to drive the operational High-resolution Land Data Assimilation System of China Meteorological Administration.The dataset with the network Common Data Form(NETCDF)can be decoded by various programming languages,and it is freely available to non-commercial users.展开更多
文摘城乡能源消费格局是应对气候变化的重要议题,也是低碳治理的关键对象。市域尺度城乡能耗空间定量化研究对区域可持续发展及规划决策具有重要支撑作用。基于山东省潍坊市行业部门综合能源消耗量,结合兴趣点(point of interest,POI)大数据和土地利用等多源空间数据,统筹考虑企业数量、人口密度、车流量及耕地面积等关键因素,量化分析工业、生活、交通及农业部门的能耗格网空间分布。研究发现:工业、交通及生活用能的空间分布具有相似性;能源总消费量在各区域间具有差异性,呈现不同的热点分布特征,以团簇热点式分布为主;核心城区的能耗需求强烈,高强度用能区覆盖率显著高于其他地区。通过分析市域尺度上的能源消费格网格局特征,探索公里格网尺度下融合多源数据的空间可视化比较分析方法,可为区域低碳规划、国土空间规划以及可持续发展提供理论支持。
文摘本文利用中尺度模式WRF V4.0.2(Weather Research and Forecasting Model,Version 4.0.2)对浙江省两次梅雨锋暴雨过程进行数值模拟,分别选用WSM6和Thompson云微物理方案、YSU和MYJ边界层方案、以及11种对流参数化方案进行试验,探究不同积云对流参数化方案对梅雨锋暴雨的1 km高分辨率预报的影响,结果表明:(1)在对各试验的降水预报评估过程中,使用传统点对点方法和邻域法都能客观表现出各试验的预报水平,而邻域检验法能更客观地评估模式对小范围强降水的预报水平。(2)三类积云对流方案(包括:无积云对流方案、传统积云对流方案和尺度自适应积云对流方案)都能较好地模拟出小雨降水的发生情况,但随着降水强度增强至暴雨、大暴雨量级时,尺度自适应的积云对流方案对降水的预报结果有明显改善。(3)在不同微物理和边界层组合方案下,尺度自适应积云对流方案的模拟结果差异更显著,而传统积云对流方案的模拟结果的效果差异不明显。(4)在1~10 km的“灰色区域”范围内,当网格分辨率逐渐提高到1 km时,尺度自适应积云对流方案较传统积云对流方案对模式的预报结果有明显的改善。本研究的结果在一定程度上可为高精度业务预报工作中对尺度自适应积云对流参数化方案的应用提供参考。
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFC1506601)National Natural Science Foundation of China(91437220)China Meteorological Administration Special Public Welfare Research Fund(GYHY201306045 and GYHY201506002).
文摘A real-time,long-term surface meteorological blended forcing dataset(SMBFD)has been developed based on station observations,satellite retrievals,and reanalysis products in China.The observations are collected at national and regional automatic weather stations,satellite data are obtained from the Fengyun(FY)series satellites retrievals,and the reanalysis products are obtained from the ECMWF.The 90-m resolution digital terrain elevation data in China are obtained from the Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission(SRTM)for temperature and humidity elevation adjustment.The dataset includes 2-m air temperature and humidity,10-m zonal and meridional winds,downward shortwave radiation,surface pressure,and precipitation.The spatial resolution is 1 km,and the temporal resolution is 1 h.During the data processing procedure,various data fusion techniques including the space–time multiscale variational analysis,the discrete ordinates radiative transfer(DISORT)model,the hybrid radiation estimation model,and a terrain correction algorithm are employed.Dependent and independent evaluations of the dataset are performed against observations.The SMBFD dataset is also compared with similar datasets produced in other major meteorological operational centers in the world.The results are as follows.(1)All variables show reasonable geographic distribution features and realistic spatial and temporal variations.(2)Dependent and independent evaluations both indicate that the gridded SMBFD dataset is close to the observations,while the dependent evaluation yields better results than the independent evaluation.(3)Compared with similar datasets produced in other meteorological operational centers,the real-time and retrospective surface meteorological fusion data obviously have higher quality.The dataset introduced in the present study is in general stable and accurate,and can be applied in various practice such as meteorology,agriculture,ecology,environmental protection,etc.Meanwhile,this dataset has been used as the atmospheric forcing data to drive the operational High-resolution Land Data Assimilation System of China Meteorological Administration.The dataset with the network Common Data Form(NETCDF)can be decoded by various programming languages,and it is freely available to non-commercial users.
