The wheat sucrose synthase gene TaSus1 is a determinant of grain number per spike

Some haplotypes of the sucrose synthase gene TaSus1 are associated with thousand-grain weight(TGW)in wheat(Triticum aestivum L.).However,no mutations have been identified within the gene to test this association.The effects of TaSus1 on grain number per spike(GNS)also are largely unknown.Our previous genome-wide association study identified TaSus-A1 as a candidate gene controlling fertile spikelet number per spike(FSN).In the present study,we generated two independent mutants for the three TaSus1 homoeologs by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing.The triple mutants displayed lower FSN,GNS,grain number per spikelet(GNST),and TGW than wild-type plants.In 306 hexaploid wheat accessions,two single-nucleotide polymorphisms in TaSus-A1 contributed differently to GNS.Introgression of the two alleles into a wheat genetic background confirmed their effects.The alleles differed in geographical distribution among the accessions.

Copy number variation of B1 controls awn length in wheat

Wheat awns contribute to photosynthesis and grain production.In this study,an F2population and F2:3families from a cross between the awned line 7D12 and the Chinese awnless variety Shiyou 20(SY20)were used to identify loci associated with awn length.Bulked-segregant RNA sequencing and linkage mapping identified a single dominant locus in a 0.3 cM interval on chromosome 5AL.Five genes were in the interval,including the recently cloned awn inhibitor B1.Although a single copy of the B1 gene was detected in 7D12,SY20 carried five copies of the gene.Increased copy number of B1 in SY20enhanced gene expression.Based on sequence variation among the promoter regions of five B1 gene copies in SY20,two dominant markers were developed and found to cosegregate with B1 in a population of 931 wheat accessions.All 77 awnless accessions harbored sequence variations in the B1 promoter regions similar to those of SY20 and thus carried multiple copies of the gene,whereas 15 randomly selected awned wheats carried only one copy.These results suggest that an increase in copy number of the B1 gene is associated with inhibition of awn length.

不同雷诺数下4∶1圆角矩形柱气动力特性及流场数值模拟研究

圆角化处理的矩形柱绕流具有复杂的气动力和流场特性。为深入了解圆角矩形柱的雷诺数(Reynolds number, Re)效应,采用基于计算流体力学(Computational fluid dynamics, CFD)的大涡模拟(Large eddy simulation,LES)方法,开展了不同Re下宽高比4∶1圆角矩形柱绕流数值模拟,研究了不同Re下圆角矩形柱的气动力系数、斯特劳哈尔数(Strouhal number, St)、风压系数和流场等变化规律。结果表明:表面风压和时均流场在Re≤4×10^(3)时,Re效应显著,但当Re>4×10^(3)时,Re效应较弱。当Re≤4×10^(3)时,升力系数均方根和平均阻力系数随着Re先增大后减小,在Re=1×10^(3)时达到最大;而St先增大后减小再增大,分别在Re=2×10^(3)时达到最大,在Re=4×10^(3)时达到最小。回流长度随着Re先减小后增大,尾流旋涡中心逐渐后移。

打顶期和留叶数对茄衣品种云雪1号产质量的影响

采用云南茄衣品种云雪1号为试验材料,设置9种封顶期和留叶数处理,研究打顶期和留叶数对雪茄烟叶农艺性状和经济性状的影响。结果表明,云南省保山市隆阳区潞江镇和芒市遮放镇两地种植的云雪1号在打顶时间相同时整体上均为留叶数18片处理的经济性状表现更佳。在留叶数相同时,芒市遮放镇在选择中心花开放50%打顶表现出的经济性状更佳,潞江镇则为中心花开放10%打顶表现出的经济性状更佳。互作分析显示,留叶数对茄衣的产量、产值影响最大,其次是打顶期。打顶期与留叶数的互作影响最小。

<i>L</i>(2,1)-Labeling of the Brick Product Graphs

A k-L(2,1)-labeling for a graph G is a function such that whenever and whenever u and v are at distance two apart. The λ-number for G, denoted by λ(G), is the minimum k over all k-L(2,1)-labelings of G. In this paper, we show that for or 11, which confirms Conjecture 6.1 stated in [X. Li, V. Mak-Hau, S. Zhou, The L(2,1)-labelling problem for cubic Cayley graphs on dihedral groups, J. Comb. Optim. (2013) 25: 716-736] in the case when or 11. Moreover, we show that? if 1) either (mod 6), m is odd, r = 3, or 2) (mod 3), m is even (mod 2), r = 0.

北京黑猪GREB1L和MIB1基因多态性与肋骨数及胴体性状的关联分析

旨在开展GREB 1L和MIB 1基因多态性与肋骨数和胴体性状(胴体长、胴体直长、胴体斜长及胴体重)关联分析,筛选关键功能位点。本研究选取屠宰日龄为215天的317头健康北京黑猪,并提取耳组织DNA,对GREB 1L和MIB 1基因进行引物设计、并利用聚合酶链式反应(PCR)技术和Sanger测序技术等对SNPs进行基因分型,计算变异位点基因型频率以及等位基因频率分布,并与肋骨数和胴体性状进行关联分析。试验共筛选到6个SNPs,包括GREB 1L基因的3个同义突变、MIB 1基因的2个同义突变和1个内含子区的可变剪切突变。将6个SNPs分别对肋骨数和胴体性状使用Duncan’s多重检验统计分析发现,GREB 1L基因上的3个同义突变6:106574972 G>A、6:106648540 C>T、6:106648558 A>G与性状关联均不显著(P>0.05);MIB 1基因上的1个同义突变6:106936590 C>T与胴体长显著相关(P<0.05);而内含子15~16的6:107016475 A>G可变剪切突变与肋骨数显著相关(P<0.05);第三个同义突变6:107028660 G>A与肋骨数和胴体性状均无显著差异(P>0.05)。结果显示,显著的2个位点可作为北京黑猪肋骨数及胴体长变异的候选基因功能位点。

Relationship Between Gene-Phenotype and Clinical Manifestations of Chromosomal Copy Number Variations Indicated by Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing

Objective:To analyze the clinical value of non-invasive prenatal testing(NIPT)in detecting chromosomal copy number variations(CNVs)and to explore the relationship between gene expression and clinical manifestations of chromosomal copy number variations.Methods:3551 naturally conceived singleton pregnant women who underwent NIPT were included in this study.The NIPT revealed abnormalities other than sex chromosome abnormalities and trisomy 13,18,and 21.Pregnant women with chromosome copy number variations underwent genetic counseling and prenatal ultrasound examination.Interventional prenatal diagnosis and chromosome microarray analysis(CMA)were performed.The clinical phenotypes and pregnancy outcomes of different prenatal diagnoses were analyzed.Additionally,a follow-up was conducted by telephone to track fetal development after birth,at six months,and one year post-birth.Results:A total of 53 cases among 3551 cases showed chromosomal copy number variation.Interventional prenatal diagnosis was performed in 36 cases:27 cases were negative and 8 were consistent with the NIPT test results.This indicates that NIPT’s positive predictive value(PPV)in CNVs is 22.22%.Conclusion:NIPT has certain clinical significance in screening chromosome copy number variations and is expected to become a routine screening for chromosomal microdeletions and microduplications.However,further interventional prenatal diagnosis is still needed to identify fetal CNVs.

双圈连通图的L(2，1)-labelling(英文)

给定图G,G的一个L(2,1)-labelling是指一个映射f:V(G)→{0,1,2,…},满足:当dG(u,v)=1时,|f(u)-f(v)|≥2;当dG(u,v)=2时,|f(u)-f(v)|≥1。如果G的一个L(2,1)-labelling的像集合中没有元素超过k,则称之为一个k-L(2,1)- labelling.G的L(2,1)-labelling数记作l(G),是指使得G存在k-L(2,1)-labelling的最小整数k.如果G的一个L(2,1)-labelling中的像元素是连续的,则称之为一个no-hole L(2,1)-labelling.本文证明了对每个双圈连通图G,l(G)=△+1或△+2.这个工作推广了[1]中的一个结果.此外,我们还给出了双圈连通图的no-hole L(2,1)-labelling的存在性.

Prediction model of interval grey number based on DGM(1,1)

In grey system theory,the studies in the field of grey prediction model are focused on real number sequences,rather than grey number ones.Hereby,a prediction model based on interval grey number sequences is proposed.By mining the geometric features of interval grey number sequences on a two-dimensional surface,all the interval grey numbers are converted into real numbers by means of certain algorithm,and then the prediction model is established based on those real number sequences.The entire process avoids the algebraic operations of grey number,and the prediction problem of interval grey number is usefully solved.Ultimately,through an example＇s program simulation,the validity and practicability of this novel model are verified.

Identification of QTL for kernel number-related traits in a rice chromosome segment substitution line and fine mapping of qSP1

A chromosome segment substitution line (CSSL) is a powerful tool for combining quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping with the pyramiding of desirable alleles. The rice CSSL Z1364 with increased kernel number was identified in a BC3F8 population derived from a cross of Nipponbare as the recipient with Xihui 18 as the donor parent. Z1364 carried three substitution segments distributed on chromosomes 1, 6, and 8. The mean substitution length was 1.19 Mb. Of 17 QTL identified on the substitution segments, qSP1 for spikelets per panicle, qSSD1 for seed-set density, and qNSB1 for number of secondary branches explained respectively 57.34%, 87.7%, and 49.44% of the corresponding phenotypic variance and were all linked to RM6777. Chi-square analysis showed that the increased kernel number in Z1364 was inherited recessively by a single gene. By fine mapping, qSP1 was delimited to a 50-kb region on the short arm of chromosome 1. Based on DNA sequence, a previously uncharacterized rice homolog of Arabidopsis thaliana AT4G32551 was identified as a candidate gene for qSP1 in which mutation increases the number of spikelets and kernels in Z1364. qSP1 was expressed in all tissues, but particularly in 1-cm panicles. The expression levels of OsMADS22, GN1A, and DST were upregulated and those of LAX2, GNP1, and GHD7 were downregulated in Nipponbare. These results provide a foundation for functional research on qSP1.

Bondage Number of 1-Planar Graph

The bondage number of a nonempty graph G is the cardinality of a smallest set of edges whose removal from G results in a graph a domination number greater than the domination number of G. In this paper, we prove that for a 1-planar graph G.

A natural allele of TAW1 contributes to high grain number and grain yield in rice

Grain number per panicle (GNP) is a complex trait controlled by quantitative trait loci (QTL),directly determining grain yield in rice.Identifying GNP-associated QTL is desirable for increasing rice yield.A rice chromosome segment substitution line (CSSL),F771,which showed increased panicle length and GNP,was identified in a set of CSSLs derived from a cross between two indica cultivars,R498 (recipient) and WY11327 (donor).Genetic analysis showed that the panicle traits in F771 were semidominant and controlled by multiple QTL.Six QTL were consistently identified by QTL-seq analysis.Among them,the major QTL q PLN10 for panicle length and GNP was localized to a 121-kb interval between markers N802 and N909 on chromosome 10.Based on quantitative real-time PCR and sequence analysis,TAWAWA1(TAW1),a known regulator of rice inflorescence architecture,was identified as the candidate gene for q PLN10.A near-isogenic line,NIL-TAW1,was developed to evaluate its effects.In comparison with the recurrent parent R498,NIL-TAW1 showed increased panicle length (14.0%),number of secondary branches (20.9%) and GNP (22.0%),and the final grain yield per plant of NIL-TAW1 was increased by18.6%.Transgenic experiments showed that an appropriate expression level of TAW1 was necessary for panicle development.Haplotype analysis suggested that the favorable F771-type (Hap 13) of TAW1was introduced from aus accessions and had great potential value in high-yield breeding both in indica and japonica varieties.Our results provide a promising genetic resource for rice grain yield improvement.

Prognostic value of MET, cyclin D1 and MET gene copy number in non-small cell lung cancer

The aim of this study was to analyze the correlation of the expression of MET and cyclin D1 and MET gene copy number in non-small cell lung cancer （NSCLC） tissues and patient clinicopathologic characteristics and sur- vival. Sixty-one NSCLC tissue specimens were included in the study. The expression of MET and cyclin D1 was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and MET gene copy number was assessed by quantitative real-time polymer- ase chain reaction （Q-PCR）. Positive expression of MET and cyclin D1 protein and increased MET gene copy number occurred in 59.0%, 59.0% and 18.0% of 61 NSCLC tissues, respectively. MET-positivity correlated with poor differentiation （P = 0.009）. Increased MET gene copy number was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis （P = 0.004） and advanced tumor stage （P = 0.048）, while the expression of cyclin D1 was not associ- ated with any clinicopathologic parameters. There was a significant correlation between the expression of MET and MET gene copy number （P = 0.002）. Additionally, the expression of cyclin D1 had a significant association with the expression of MET as well as MET gene copy number （P = 0.002 and P = 0.017, respectively）. MET- positivity and increased MET gene copy number were significantly associated with poor overall survival （P = 0.003 and P 〈 0.001, respectively） in univariate analysis. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard analysis confirmed that the expression of MET and MET gene copy number were prognostic indicators of NSCLC （P = 0.003 and P = 0.001, respectively）. The overexpression of MET and the increased MET gene copy number might be adverse prognostic factors for NSCLC patients. The activation of the MET/cyclin D1 signaling pathway may contribute to carcino- genesis and the development of NSCLC, and may represent a target for therapy.

<i>L</i>(0, 1)-Labelling of Cactus Graphs

An L(0,1)-labelling of a graph G is an assignment of nonnegative integers to the vertices of G such that the difference between the labels assigned to any two adjacent vertices is at least zero and the difference between the labels assigned to any two vertices which are at distance two is at least one. The span of an L(0,1)-labelling is the maximum label number assigned to any vertex of G. The L(0,1)-labelling number of a graph G, denoted by λ0.1(G) is the least integer k such that G has an L(0,1)-labelling of span k. This labelling has an application to a computer code assignment problem. The task is to assign integer control codes to a network of computer stations with distance restrictions. A cactus graph is a connected graph in which every block is either an edge or a cycle. In this paper, we label the vertices of a cactus graph by L(0,1)-labelling and have shown that, △-1≤λ0.1(G)≤△ for a cactus graph, where △ is the degree of the graph G.

2型糖尿病患者血清胰高血糖素样肽-1水平与认知功能障碍的相关性研究

目的分析2型糖尿病患者血清胰高血糖素样肽-1(GLP-1)水平与认知功能障碍的相关性。方法 选择新疆医科大学第二附属医院2020年2月~2022年2月接诊的148例2型糖尿病患者,根据简易精神状态评价量表(MMSE)评分进行分组,其中认知功能正常组(81例,MMSE评分≥27分)和认知功能障碍组(67例,MMSE评分<27分)。检测两组血清GLP-1水平,同时测定血脂、血糖代谢指标。比较两组一般资料、生化指标及血清GLP-1水平,使用Pearson相关性、多因素logistic回归和受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)分析GLP-1与认知功能障碍的关系。结果 认知功能障碍组体质量指数、胰岛素抵抗数(HOMA-IR)均大于认知功能正常组,空腹血糖(FBG)、空腹胰岛素(FINS)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)水平、MMSE评分均高于认知功能正常组,血清GLP-1水平低于认知功能正常组,差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05);经Pearson相关性分析,2型糖尿病患者血清GLP-1水平与HbA1c、HOMA-IR呈负相关(r=-0.561、-0.571,P=0.000),与MMSE评分呈正相关(r=0.429,P=0.000);经多因素Logistic回归分析,HbA1c、HOMA-IR和血清GLP-1均是2型糖尿病患者发生认知功能障碍的独立影响因素(P <0.05);经受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)分析,血清GLP-1诊断2型糖尿病患者合并认知功能障碍的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)为0.910。结论 2型糖尿病患者合并认知功能障碍可能与血清GLP-1水平降低有关,值得临床予以重视。

Mapping of the lunar surface by average atomic number based on positron annihilation radiation from Chang'e-1

A map of the average atomic number of lunar rock and soil can be used to differentiate lithology and soil type on the lunar surface.This paper establishes a linear relationship between the average atomic number of lunar rock or soil and the flux of position annihilation radiation(0.512-Me V gamma-ray) from the lunar surface.The relationship is confirmed by Monte Carlo simulation with data from lunar rock or soil samples collected by Luna(Russia) and Apollo(USA) missions.A map of the average atomic number of the lunar rock and soil on the lunar surface has been derived from the Gamma-Ray Spectrometer data collected by Chang'e-1,an unmanned Chinese lunar-orbiting spacecraft.In the map,the higher average atomic numbers(ZA > 12.5),which are related to different types of basalt,are in the maria region;the highest ZA(13.2) readings are associated with Sinus Aestuum.The middle ZA(~12.1) regions,in the shape of irregular oval rings,are in West Oceanus Procellarum and Mare Frigoris,which seems to be consistent with the distribution of potassium,rare earth elements,and phosphorus as a unique feature on the lunar surface.The lower average atomic numbers(ZA < 11.5)are found to be correlated with the anorthosite on the far side of the Moon.

Effect of Asparagus polysaccharide on the number and activity of erythrocyte complement receptor 1 (CD35) of S_(180) mice

Objective To study the effect of Asparagus officinalis polysaccharide on the number and activity of erythrocyte complement receptor 1 in S180 mice.Methods Red blood cells from mice venous blood were labeled by rat anti-mouse CD35 monoclonal antibody and FITC-conjugated goat anti-mouse antibody.Using flow cytometry,we determined the number of ECR1.Using microscope,we studied the adherence between erythrocyte immunity and C3b receptor or tumor-cell by RBC-C3bRR and DTER.Results Comparing the mean value of the number of CR1 on each RBC of high and middle groups with control groups,the mean value of the number of CR1,RBC-C3bRR and DTER of Asparagus officinalis polysaccharide groups are increased significantly.Conclusions Asparagus officinalis polysaccharide can improve the erythrocyte function of S180 mice,which may be one of its most important antitumor mechanisms.