Synthesis and Characterization of Poly [2,2-( m-phenylene) -5,5-bibenzimidazole] in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium Chloride

Poly[ 2, 2-（m.phenylene） -5, 5-bibenzimidazole] （mPBI） were synthesized by mixing 3, 3＇, 4, 4＇-tetraaminobiphenyl and isophthallc acid in 1 -butyl-3 -methyUmidazolinm chloride （ E BMIM] CI）. Intrinsic viscosity of mPBI polymers was 0.67 dL/g which was measured in 96% sulfuric acid. The polymer was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR）, nuclear magnetic resonance （ 1H-NMR ）, and thermogravimetric analysis （TGA）. The effects of polymerization conditions on the intrinsic viscosity of mPBI were investigated. It showed that the molecular weight of polymer mainly depended on pre-reaction time and reaction temperature. Comparison of structure and properties of mPBI synthesized in ionic liquids（ILs） and polyphosphoric acid was also reported. It indicates that the ionic liquids are a kind of good solvents in synthesis process of m_PBI and ionic liquids mainly affect molecular weight of mPBL

DFT Studies on the Isomerization of Butene Double Bond Catalyzed by 1-Butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium in Ionic Liquid

The geometries of reactant, product and transition state of the title reaction have been optimized by using density functional theory (DFT) at the B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) and B3LYP/6- 311++G(d,p) levels. The variations of the bond parameters in the course of reaction were analyzed. The zero point energy corrections were performed by vibrational analysis. The equilibrium states and the transition state were verified according to the number of virtue frequency of geometry. The intrinsic reaction coordinates (IRC) were calculated from the transition state. The calculated results show that the double bond rearrangement of butene catalyzed by 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium cation is a one-step reaction. The forward energy barrier of isomerization from 1-butene to 2- butene is about 193 kJ·mol-1 and the reverse energy barrier about 209 kJ·mol-1 at the B3LYP/6- 31G(d,p) level, which means that the reaction is easy to proceed at or above room temperature.

Preparation and Properties of Regenerated Cellulose/Amylopectin Blend Fibers from 1-Butyl-3-Methylimidazolium Chloride with Controlled Biodegradation

Regenerated cellulose/amylopectin blend fibers with controlled biodegradation were produced using dry-jet wet-spinning technology from cellulose/amylopectin/1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride blends.Morphological,structural and chemical analyses revealed that dense,homogeneous and void-free blend fibers were prepared in a two-stage dissolution process.The blend fibers were regenerated from water and treated with water or 95%(volume fraction)ethanol.However,cellulose-amylopectin interactions caused crystalline rearrangements in the blend fibers,resulting in a general decrease in crystallinity.Generally,tensile properties decreased with increasing amylopectin content,except that the blend fibers with 10%(mass fraction)amylopectin exhibited higher tensile strength than the regenerated cellulose control fibers.Ethanol treatment reduced the hydrophilicity of the blend fibers,increasing the crystallinity of the blend fibers.The blend fibers exhibited remarkable degradation,directly proportional to the amylopectin content.Despite higher crystallinity,ethanol-treated blend fibers degraded faster than water-treated fibers,indicating amylopectin and ethanol regulated the degradation.

Anodic behavior of neodymium in acidic AlCl_3-1-ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride ionic liquid

The anodic behavior of neodymium in acidic AlCl3-1-ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium chloride （AIC13-EMIC） ionic liquid was investigated by conducting linear sweep voltammeter and chonopotentiometry. The viscosity of Nd dissolved ionic liquid and the surface morphologies of Nd were characterized using an Ostwald viscometer and a scanning electron microscope, respectively. The chemical composition of Nd surface was indentified by Raman spectra. The results showed that dissolution of Nd under anodic polarization occurred after the breakdown of oxide films. A viscous layer formed at the interface of Nd/ionic liquid during the galvanostatic process of 5 and 20 mA/cm^2. The formation of viscous layer was attributed to the accumulation of Nd dissolved AlCl3-EMIC ionic liquid, which had high viscosity. The oxide films could be removed thoroughly and the surface of Nd was homogeneous without etching pits, when viscous layer formed in the anodic process. Otherwise, the surface showed a pitting morphology.

Nano-porous Composites Based on Liquid： Synthesis, Characterization, Esterification Heteropolyacid Functionalized Ionic and Catalytic Performance in

Fhnctionalized ionic liquid samples （bmim-PW12） were synthesized by 1-butyl-3-methyl- imidazolium bromide （bmimBr） and 12-phosphotungstic heteropolyacid （PW12）. The samples were annealed at 100-450 ℃ and were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, thermal gravity-DTG, brunauer emmett teller, and NHa-temperature programmed desorption. The results showed that the bmim-PW12 samples were crystal and maintained intact Keggin structure. The organic parts of those samples were partly decomposed at a temperature more than 350 ℃. The sample annealed at 400 ℃ exhibited nano-porous structure, strong acidity, and excellent catalytic activity on the esterification of n-butanol with acetic acid. The higher ester yield was obtained when the mass ratio of catalyst over the reactants amount was 5% for bmim-PW12 catalyst annealed at 400 ℃.

Ionic Liquid-salt Aqueous Two-phase System, a Novel System for theExtraction of Abused Drugs

A 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride-salt aqueous two-phase system was studied on extraction of abused drugs. The effects of sorts of salts, temperature, concentration of salt and drugs on system were investigated systematically. A satisfactory extraction efficiency of 93% was obtained for papaverine while that of morphine was 65%. The extraction mechanism was primarily discussed.