Oligomerization of 1-Decene: Catalyzation by Immobilized AlCl_3/γ-Al_2O_3 Catalyst in Fixed-bed Reactor

1-Decene was oligomerized over the supported AlCl3/γ-Al2O3 catalyst in a fixed-bed reactor. The effects of temperature and LHSV on oligomerization of 1-decene were investigated and the synthetic PAO was characterized with GC technique. Furthermore, the life of immobilized catalyst was tested and the mechanism of catalyst deactivation was discussed. The results showed that with an increasing temperature, the PAO yield increased and the kinematic viscosity of oil decreased. The GC results indicated that the synthesized PAO was a mixture consisting of dimers, trimers, tetramers and pentamers. The results of chloride content measurements and BET tests showed that catalyst deactivation could be mainly attributed to the loss of active components.

Apparent Kinetics of 1-Decene Polymerization Catalyzed Using the Ionic Liquid[Bmim]_(x)[C_(2)H_(5)NH_(3)]_(1-x)[Al_(2)Cl_(7)]

Poly-α-olefin(PAO)synthetic oil,a regular long-chain alkane produced from the catalytic polymerization ofα-olefin,is a high-quality lubricating base oil with huge market potential.In this study,PAO synthesis based on the catalytic polymerization of 1-decene using the ionic liquid(IL)[Bmim]_(x)[C_(2)H_(5)NH_(3)]_(1-x)[Al_(2)Cl_(7)]as the catalyst was studied.Compared with the conventional catalyst[Bmim][Al_(2)Cl_(7)],the obtained PAO product incorporates more trimers and tetramers of 1-decene and contains few double-bond end groups,demonstrating a better catalytic system for PAO-10 production.The apparent polymerization kinetics of 1-decene in this catalytic system were studied based on the 1-decene concentration,catalyst concentration,and reaction temperature.An apparent kinetic equation for PAO formation was determined,providing a promising strategy for PAO production using 1-decene polymerization.

抑制lncRNA TUG1下调核苷酸结合寡聚结构域样受体蛋白1炎症小体在延缓阿尔茨海默病进展的作用

目的探讨敲低长链非编码RNA(lncRNA)牛磺酸上调基因1(TUG1)抑制核苷酸结合寡聚结构域样受体蛋白1(NLRP1)炎症小体在缓解阿尔茨海默病进展中的作用。方法选取9~10周龄遗传背景为C57/BL6的野生型小鼠(WT组,10只)或淀粉样前体蛋白(APP)/早老素1(PS1)转基因小鼠(30只)。APP/PS1转基因小鼠随机分为模型(model)组,模型+敲低lncRNA TUG1组[model+lncRNA TUG1短发夹RNA(shRNA)组]和model+shRNA非靶标(NT)组,每组10只。分别采集12周龄第1天(3月龄)和32周龄第1天(8月龄)小鼠外周血和脑皮质组织,并分离皮质中的原代小胶质细胞和原代星形胶质细胞,每个时间点每组5只小鼠。Real-time PCR分别测定3月龄和8月龄上述4个分组小鼠脑皮质组织和原代小胶质细胞中lncRNA TUG1和巨噬细胞移动抑制因子(MIF)mRNA的水平,以及原代星形胶质细胞中补体蛋白C1r和C1s mRNA的水平。ELISA法测定其外周血浆中MIF含量。对3月龄和8月龄小鼠脑皮质原代小胶质细胞和原代星形胶质细胞共培养。CCK-8法测定上述2种细胞的增殖能力。Western blotting分别测定3月龄和8月龄上述4个分组小鼠脑皮质组织中MIF、白细胞介素1β前体(pro-IL-1β)、凋亡相关斑点样蛋白(ASC)、Caspase-1(p20)、Caspase-1(full)、NLRP1及NLRP3蛋白的表达水平。采用免疫荧光染色法测定8月龄各分组小鼠脑皮质组织中β淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)表达。结果3月龄和8月龄时,与WT组小鼠相比,model组小鼠脑皮质组织和原代小胶质细胞中lncRNA TUG1和MIF相对表达水平显著上调,原代小胶质细胞和原代星形胶质细胞增殖能力增强(P<0.05)。与model组相比,model+lncRNA TUG1 shRNA组小鼠脑皮质组织和原代小胶质细胞中lncRNA TUG1和MIF的相对表达水平显著降低,原代小胶质细胞和原代星形胶质细胞增殖能力降低(P<0.05)。与WT组相比,model组小鼠外周血浆中MIF含量显著升高;小鼠脑皮质组织中pro-IL-1β、ASC、Caspase-1(p20)、Caspase-1(full)、NLRP1以及NLRP3的蛋白表达水平显著升高;Aβ免疫荧光强度明显增强(P<0.05)。与model组相比,model+lncRNA TUG1 shRNA组小鼠外周血浆中MIF含量显著降低;小鼠脑皮质组织中pro-IL-1β、ASC、Caspase-1(p20)、Caspase-1(full)和NLRP1的蛋白表达水平显著降低,Aβ免疫荧光强度明显降低(P<0.05),而NLRP3蛋白质的表达水平无明显变化(P>0.05)。与model组相比,model+shRNA NT组小鼠上述所有检测指标差异均无显著性(P>0.05)。结论APP/PS1转基因小鼠脑皮质组织和原代小胶质细胞中lncRNA TUG1和MIF因子表达上调与脑皮质内NLRP1炎症小体激活成正相关,敲低lncRNA TUG1可缓解阿尔茨海默病的进展。

黄芪甲苷经由miR-125a-5p/NLRP1轴减轻椎间盘突出髓核细胞损伤

目的在白介素-1β(IL-1β)诱导退变的人髓核细胞中,探究黄芪甲苷对miR-125a-5p及其靶基因介导的信号通路的作用,揭示黄芪甲苷(astragaloside IV,AS-IV)对髓核细胞增殖、凋亡以及炎症反应的影响。方法实时荧光定量PCR(RT-qPCR)检测miR-125a-5p和核苷酸寡聚化结构域(NOD)样受体蛋白1(nucleotide oligomerization domain(NOD)-like receptor protein 1,NLRP1)在椎间盘突出患者髓核组织中的表达,用IL-1β诱导髓核细胞退变,在20、50和80μg·mL^(-1)黄芪甲苷干预浓度下检测miR-125a-5p和NLRP1的表达,在IL-1β和80μg·mL^(-1)黄芪甲苷处理的髓核细胞中单独或共同转染miR-125a-5p模拟物和NLRP1过表达质粒,然后分别检测细胞增殖、凋亡和炎症因子分泌情况,蛋白质免疫印迹(Western blot)检测细胞中信号通路相关蛋白p56和p38的磷酸化水平。结果椎间盘突出(lumbar disc herniation,LDH)患者的髓核组织中miR-125a-5p表达下调,NLRP1表达上调。黄芪甲苷促进IL-1β处理的髓核细胞中miR-125a-5p表达,减少NLRP1表达以及p56和p38蛋白的磷酸化水平。黄芪甲苷促进髓核细胞增殖,减少凋亡和炎症反应。结论黄芪甲苷通过上调miR-125a-5p表达,抑制NLRP1的表达和NF-κB/MAPK信号通路,减少IL-1β诱导的髓核细胞损伤。

Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 1 and Helicobacter pylori infection: A review

Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 1(NOD1) is an intracellular innate immune sensor for small molecules derived from bacterial cell components. NOD1 activation by its ligands leads to robust production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines by innate immune cells, thereby mediating mucosal host defense systems against microbes. Chronic gastric infection due to Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) causes various upper gastrointestinal diseases, including atrophic gastritis, peptic ulcers, and gastric cancer. It is now generally accepted that detection of H. pylori by NOD1 expressed in gastric epithelial cells plays an indispensable role in mucosal host defense systems against this organism. Recent studies have revealed the molecular mechanism by which NOD1 activation caused by H. pylori infection is involved in the development of chronic gastritis and gastric cancer. In this review, we have discussed and summarized how sensing of H. pylori by NOD1 mediates the prevention of chronic gastritis and gastric cancer.

Characterization and Apparent Kinetics of Polymerization of 1-Decene Catalyzed by Boron Trifluoride/Alcohol System

Poly-α-olefin(PAO) synthetic oil is the base oil of high-quality lubricants, and has a huge market potential.We illustrate PAO synthesis by catalytic polymerization of 1-decene with a boron trifluoride(BF_3)/alcohol system. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, proton nuclear magnetic resonance and ^(13) C nuclear magnetic resonance analysis confirmed dimer, trimer and tetramer structures of PAO. Each component contained branched chains with a 1,2 insertion of a head-to-tail link; a 2,1 insertion of a tail-to-tail link and a methyl-containing linked structure. At a low conversion rate, the reaction rate was related directly with the reaction temperature and the catalyst/1-decene concentration. An apparent kinetic equation for PAO formation was determined during 1-decene polymerization.

Mitotic phosphorylation of PRC1 at Thr470 is required for PRC1 oligomerization and proper central spindle organization

During cell division, chromosome segregation is orchestrated by the interaction of spindle microtubules with the centromere. A dramatic remodeling of interpolar microtubules into an organized central spindle between the separating chromatids is required for the initiation and execution ofcytokinesis. Central spindle organization requires mitotic kinesins, the chromosomal passenger protein complex, and microtubule bundling protein PRC 1. PRC 1 is phosphorylated by Cdc2 at Thr470 and Thr481 during mitosis. However, the functional relevance of PRC 1 phosphorylation at Thr470 has remained elusive. Here we show that expression of the non-phosphorylatable mutant PRC 1T470A but not the phospho-mimicking mutant PRC 1^T470E causes aberrant organization of the central spindle. Immunoprecipitation experiment indicates that both PRC 1^T470A and PRC 1^T470E mutant proteins associate with wild-type PRC 1, suggesting that phosphorylation of Thr470 does not alter PRC 1 self-association. In addition, in vitro co-sedimentation experiment showed that PRC 1 binds to microtubule independent of the phosphorylation state of Thr470. Gel-filtration experiment suggested that phosphorylation of Thr470 promotes oligomerization of PRC 1. Given the fact that prevention of the Thr470 phosphorylation inhibits PRC 1 oligomerization in vitro and causes an aberrant organization of central spindle in vivo, we propose that this phosphorylation-dependent PRC 1 oligomerization ensures that central spindle assembly occurs at the appropriate time in the cell cycle.

The Solvent Effect on the Chemoselectivity of Palladium-catalyzed Oligomerization of 3,3-Dimethyl-1-butyne

The chemoselectivities of PdCl2 and CuCl2-catalyzed oligomerization of 3, 3-dimethyl-butyne: 1, 3, 5-tri-tert-butylbenzene, 2, 2, 7, 7-tetramethyl-3, 6-dichloro-3, 5-octadiene and 2, 2, 7, 7- tetramethyl-3, 5-octadiyne were obtained, respectively, by regulating the polarity of the solvent.

Influence of a nucleotide oligomerization domain 1 (NOD1) polymorphism and NOD2 mutant alleles on Crohn's disease phenotype

AIM： To examine genetic variation of nucleotide oligomerization domain 1 （NOD/） and NOD2, their respective influences on Crohn＇s disease phenotype and gene-gene interactions. METHODS： （ND1＋32656＊1） NOD1 polymorphism and SNPS, SNP12 and SNP13 of NOD2 were analyzed in 97 patients and 50 controls. NOD2 variants were determined by reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. NOD1 genotyping and NOD2 variant confirmation were performed by specific amplification and sequencing. RESULTS： The distribution of NOD1 polymorphism in patients was different from controls （P = 0.045） and not altered by existence of NOD2 mutations. In this cohort, 30.92% patients and 6% controls carried at least one NOD2 variant （P 〈 0.001） with R702W being the most frequent variant. Presence of at least one NOD2 mutation was inversely associated with colon involvement （9.09% with colon vs 36.4% with ileal or ileocolonic involvement, P = 0.04） and indicative of risk of penetrating disease （52.63% with penetrating vs 25.64% with non-penetrating or stricturing behavior, P = 0.02）. L1007finsC and double NOD2 mutation conferred the highest risk for severity of disease （26.3% with penetrating disease vs 3.8% with non-penetrating or stricturing behavior presented L1007finsC, P = 0.01 and 21.0% with penetrating disease vs 2.5% with non-penentrating or stricturing behavior carried double NOD2 mutation, P = 0.007）. Exclusion of patients with NOD2 mutations from phenotype/NODl-genotype analysis revealed higher prevalence of ＊1＊1 genotype in groups of younger age at onset and colonic location.CONCLUSION： This study suggests population differences in the inheritance of risk NOD1 polymorphism and NOD2 mutations. Although no interaction between NOD1-NOD2 was noticed, a relationship between disease location and Nod-like receptor molecules was established.

Nucleotide-binding Oligomerization Domain-1 Ligand Induces Inflammation and Attenuates Glucose Uptake in Human Adipocytes

Objective To investigate the effects of stimulant for nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 1 （NOD1） on secretion of proinflammatory chemokine/cytokines and insulin-dependent glucose uptake in human differentiated adipocytes. Methods Adipose tissues were obtained from patients undergoing liposuction. Stromal vascular cells were extracted and differentiated into adipocytes. A specific ligand for NOD1, was administered to human adipocytes in culture. Nuclear factor-κB transcriptional activity and proinflammatory chemokine/cytokines production were determined by reporter plasmid assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. Insulin-stimulated glucose uptake was measured by 2-deoxy-D-[ 3 H] glucose uptake assay. Furthermore, chemokine/cytokine secretion and glucose uptake in adipocytes transfected with small interfering RNA （siRNA） targeting NOD1 upon stimulation of NOD1 ligand were analyzed. Results Nuclear factor-κB transcriptional activity and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 （MCP-1）, interleukin （IL）-6, and IL-8 secretion in human adipocytes were markedly increased stimulated with NOD1 ligand （all P〈0.01）. Insulin-induced glucose uptake was decreased upon the activation of NOD1 （P〈0.05）. NOD1 gene silencing by siRNA reduced NOD1 ligand-induced MCP-1, IL-6, and IL-8 release and increased insulin-induced glucose uptake （all P〈0.05）. Conclusion NOD1 activation in adipocytes might be implicated in the onset of insulin resistance.

X-pert联合NOD2、ATG16L1在活动性肺结核患者疾病转归评估中的应用价值

目的 分析X-pert联合核苷酸结合寡聚化结构域蛋白2(NOD2)、自噬相关蛋白16样蛋白1(ATG16L1)在活动性肺结核患者疾病转归评估中的应用价值。方法 前瞻性选取2023年4月至2024年4月池州市人民医院收治的110例活动性肺结核患者为研究对象。所有患者均行抗结核治疗、疾病转归评估,将转归患者60例作为转归组,未转归患者50例作为未转归组。收集两组患者的临床资料(年龄、体重指数、性别、吸烟史、贫血、累及肺野数、肺部空洞病变、利福平耐药)。治疗前行X-pert、NOD2、ATG16L1检测,比较两组X-pert阳性率及NOD2、ATG16L1表达水平。采用多因素Logistics回归分析分析活动性肺结核患者疾病转归的影响因素,采用受试者操作特征(ROC)曲线分析X-pert、NOD2、ATG16L1对活动性肺结核患者疾病转归的预测价值。结果 两组体重指数、吸烟史、贫血、累及肺野数、利福平耐药比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);与转归组相比,未转归组患者年龄较大[(56.15±19.34)vs.(63.18±12.84)岁],男性(71.67 vs. 90.00)%、肺部空洞病变(11.67 vs. 32.00)%比例较高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与转归组相比,未转归组患者X-pert阳性率(75.00 vs. 90.00)%、NOD2[(164.31±15.55)vs.(199.29±24.63)ng/L]、ATG16L1[(8.95±1.1.74)vs.(12.15±2.26)ng/L]表达水平均较高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistics回归分析结果显示,年龄、性别、肺部空洞病变、X-pert、NOD2、ATG16L1为活动性肺结核患者疾病转归的危险因素(P<0.05)。与X-pert、NOD2、ATG16L1单项诊断相比,X-pert、NOD2、ATG16L1联合检测对活动性肺结核患者疾病转归的预测价值较高(P<0.05)。结论 疾病未转归活动性肺结核患者X-pert阳性率、NOD2、ATG16L1表达水平均高于转归患者,X-pert、NOD2、ATG16L1为活动性肺结核患者疾病转归的危险因素,X-pert联合NOD2、ATG16L1对活动性肺结核患者疾病转归的预测价值较高,为活动性肺结核患者疾病转归评估提供了有效依据。

血清NLRP3、Caspase-1对脓毒症患者疾病转归的评估价值

目的分析血清核苷酸寡聚化结构域样受体蛋白3(NLRP3)、半胱氨酸蛋白酶-1(Caspase-1)对脓毒症患者疾病转归的评估价值。方法选择2021年8月至2023年8月承德医学院附属医院重症监护病房收治的106例脓毒症患者,并根据入院后疾病转归情况分为生存组(n=65)与死亡组(n=41)。所有研究对象入院24 h内检测血清NLRP3、Caspase-1水平。采用受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)评估血清NLRP3、Caspase-1对脓毒症患者疾病转归的评估价值。结果死亡组脓毒症患者血清NLRP3、Caspase-1均高于存活组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。血清NLRP3、Caspase-1评估脓毒症患者疾病转归的AUC为0.844(95%CI:0.794~0.894)、0.858(95%CI:0.808~0.908),血清NLRP3联合Caspase-1评估脓毒症患者疾病转归的AUC为0.903(95%CI:0.853~0.953)。多因素回归分析显示,血清C-反应蛋白≥136.65 mg/L[OR(95%CI)=3.047(1.852~5.012)]、N末端脑利钠肽原≥986.39 ng/L[OR(95%CI)=2.591(1.703~3.941)]、NLRP3≥425.63 ng/mL[OR(95%CI)=4.536(2.263~9.096)]、Caspase-1≥7.84 ng/mL[OR(95%CI)=4.055(2.162~7.608)]及APACHEⅡ评分≥32.17分[OR(95%CI)=2.872(1.773~4.651)]、SOFA评分≥7.84分[OR(95%CI)=3.459(1.918~6.240)]均为影响脓毒症患者疾病转归的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论血清NLRP3、Caspase-1水平与脓毒症患者疾病转归密切相关,二者有望作为评估脓毒症患者疾病转归的有效指标,且联合评估价值更高。

PREPARATION AND PERVAPORATION PROPERTIES OF PROPENE/1-DECENE COPOLYMER MEMBRANES

Propene/1-decene copolymers （P-co-D） were synthesized by means of slurry polymerization process under atmospheric pressure using Ziegler-Natta catalyst （MgCl2/TiCl4/AlEt3）. The random P-co-Ds were elastic, low-crystalline, thermally stable and therefore suitable to be used as membrane materials in organophilic pervaporation with chloroform/water mixture. Its mechanical strength is better than polydimethylsiloxane （PDMS）. The correlation between structural parameters （glass transition temperature and crystallinity） and properties of organophilic pervaporation were investigated.

Saturated Fatty Acid Induces Insulin Resistance Partially Through Nucleotide-binding Oligomerization Domain 1 Signaling Pathway in Adipocytes

Objective To investigate the potential role of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 1 （NOD1）, a component of the innate immune system, in mediating lipid-induced insulin resistance in adipocytes. Methods Adipocytes from Toll-like receptor 4 deficiency mice were used for stimulation experiments. The effect of oleate/palmitate mixture on nuclear factor-κB （NF-κB） activation was analyzed by reporter plasmid assay. The release of proinflammatory chemokine/cytokines production was determined by using real-time PCR. Insulin-stimulated glucose uptake was measured by 2-deoxy-D-[SH] glucose uptake assay. Chemokine/cytokine expression and glucose uptake in adipocytes transfected with small interfering RNA （siRNA） targeting NOD 1 upon fatty acids treatment were analyzed. Results Oleate/palmitate mixture activated the NF-κB pathway and induced interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-R, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 mRNA expressions in adipocytes from mice deficient in Toll-like receptor 4, and these effects were blocked by siRNA targeting NOD1. Furthermore, saturated fatty acids decreased the ability of insulin-stimulated glucose uptake. Importantly, siRNA targeting NOD 1 partially reversed saturated fatty acid-induced suppression of insulin-induced glucose uptake. Conclusion NOD1 might play an important role in saturated fatty acid-induced insulin resistance in adipocytes, suggesting a mechanism by which reduced NOD1 activity confers beneficial effects on insulin action.

血清TRX-1、NLRP3表达水平与儿童功能性消化不良的相关性研究

目的探讨血清硫氧还蛋白1(TRX-1)、核苷酸结合寡聚化结构域样受体蛋白3(NLRP3)表达水平与儿童功能性消化不良(FD)的相关性。方法选取2022年5月至2023年6月就诊于石家庄市妇幼保健院的FD患儿45例为FD组;另选取健康儿童40例为对照组。采用实时荧光定量PCR测定血清TRX-1、NLRP3 mRNA表达水平,Spearman相关分析血清TRX-1 mRNA、NLRP3 mRNA表达水平与FD相关评分的相关性,多因素Logistic回归分析FD发生的影响因素。结果FD组血清TRX-1 mRNA、NLRP3 mRNA表达水平均高于对照组(P<0.05)。轻度组、中度组FD患儿血清TRX-1 mRNA、NLRP3 mRNA表达水平均低于重度组,轻度组TRX-1 mRNA、NLRP3 mRNA水平均低于中度组(P<0.05)。血清TRX-1 mRNA、NLRP3 mRNA表达水平与上腹痛、腹胀或上腹不适、恶心呕吐均呈正相关(P<0.05),与早饱、食欲不振或食量减少、嗳气均无相关性(P>0.05)。血清NLRP3 mRNA表达水平与总分呈正相关(P<0.05),血清TRX-1 mRNA表达水平与总分无相关性(P>0.05)。血清TRX-1 mRNA、NLRP3 mRNA水平升高是FD发生的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论血清TRX-1、NLRP3表达水平可能在FD的发病过程中发挥着重要作用。

射血分数保留心力衰竭患者血清WWP1和NLRP3的表达水平及其临床价值研究

目的 探讨WW结构域E3泛素蛋白连接酶1(WW domain-containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1,WWP1)和核苷酸结合寡聚化结构域样受体蛋白3(nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3,NLRP3)在射血分数保留心力衰竭(heart failure with preserved ejection fraction,HFpEF)患者血清中的表达水平及临床意义。方法选取华北医疗健康集团峰峰总医院2021年1月~2022年9月收治的153例HFpEF患者为观察组,并根据患者纽约心脏病协会(New York Heart Association,NYHA)心功能分级分为心功能分级Ⅰ~Ⅱ级组(n=64)和心功能分级Ⅲ~Ⅳ级组(n=89),另选取同期体检健康的148例志愿者为对照组。血清WWP1,NLRP3水平与患者心功能指标的相关性采用Pearson分析;受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线分析血清WWP1和NLRP3水平对HFpEF患者心衰严重程度的诊断价值。结果 与对照组比较,观察组血清WWP1(1.68±0.35 vs 1.04±0.19)和NLRP3(6.72±1.26 ng/ml vs 4.57±0.84 ng/ml)表达水平明显升高,差异具有统计学意义(t=19.623,17.359,均P <0.05);与心功能分级Ⅰ~Ⅱ级组比较,心功能分级Ⅲ~Ⅳ级组血清WWP1(1.87±0.39 vs 1.42±0.32)和NLRP3(7.53±1.40 ng/ml vs 5.59±1.18 ng/ml)表达水平明显升高,差异具有统计学意义(t=7.744,9.017,均P<0.05);心功能分级Ⅰ~Ⅱ级组与心功能分级Ⅲ~Ⅳ级组心率、左心房内径(left atrial diameter,LAD)、左心室舒张末期内径(left ventricular end-diastolic diameter,LVEDD)、左室舒张末期后壁厚度(left ventricular end-diastolic posterior wall thickness,LVPWT)、左心室射血分数(left ventricular ejection fraction,LVEF)、二尖瓣舒张早期流速峰值(peak mitral early diastolic velocity,E)/舒张晚期流速峰值(peak late diastolic velocity,A)以及心房颤动发生率比较差异均具有统计学意义(t/χ^(2)=2.757~7.069,均P <0.05);HFpEF患者血清WWP1水平与LAD,LVEDD,LVPWT呈正相关(r=0.547,0.471,0.536,均P <0.05),与LVEF和E/A呈负相关(r=-0.485,-0.417,均P <0.05);血清NLRP3水平与LAD,LVEDD,LVPWT呈正相关(r=0.534,0.494,0.520,均P <0.05),与LVEF和E/A呈负相关(r=-0.462,-0.523,均P <0.05)。ROC结果显示,血清WWP1和NLRP3水平单独诊断HFpEF患者心衰严重程度的曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)分别为0.825和0.855,两者联合诊断的AUC(0.924)显著大于血清WWP1和NLRP3水平单独诊断的AUC(Z=3.600,P<0.001;Z=3.053,P=0.002)。结论 血清WWP1和NLRP3水平在HFpEF患者中明显升高,且与患者心功能密切相关,血清WWP1和NLRP3对HFpEF患者心衰严重程度具有一定的诊断价值。

基于NF-κB/NLRP3/caspase-1通路研究白及多糖对溃疡性结肠炎大鼠肠黏膜炎症损伤的保护作用

目的:探究白及多糖对溃疡性结肠炎(UC)大鼠核因子κB(NF-κB)/核苷酸结合寡聚化结构域样受体蛋白3(NLRP3)/半胱天冬酶-1(caspase-1)通路蛋白表达及对肠道屏障损伤的影响。方法:采用三硝基苯磺酸(TNBS)+乙醇法建立UC模型,并将SD大鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、白及多糖低(100 mg/kg)、中(200 mg/kg)、高(400 mg/kg)剂量组、柳氮磺胺吡啶阳性组(0.67 g/kg),除空白组外,其余各组均建立UC模型。白及多糖低、中、高剂量组和阳性组分别灌胃给予相应剂量白及多糖和柳氮磺胺吡啶,空白组和模型组灌胃给予10 ml/kg生理盐水,各组大鼠连续给药2周,1次/d。末次给药12 h后,观察大鼠一般行为并对大鼠进行疾病活动指数(DAI)评分;取大鼠结肠组织,苏木精-伊红染色观察组织病理形态;ELISA检测结肠组织髓过氧化物酶(MPO)、炎症因子IL-1β、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平及肠道屏障功能受损指标二胺氧化酶(DAO)和肠型脂肪酸结合蛋白(i-FABP)水平;Western blot检测结肠组织通路蛋白NF-κB p65、磷酸化NF-κB p65(p-NF-κB p65)、NLRP3、caspase-1、cleaved caspase-1蛋白表达。结果:与空白组比较,模型组大鼠形体消瘦、大便稀溏、结肠组织可见黏膜溃疡、充血、扩张及炎症细胞浸润等病理损伤,DAI评分、结肠组织MPO、IL-1β及TNF-α含量、p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65、NLRP3、caspase-1、cleaved caspase-1蛋白表达均升高(P<0.05),DAO和i-FABP含量均降低(P<0.05)。与模型组比较,白及多糖各剂量组及柳氮磺胺吡啶组大鼠DAI评分、结肠组织病理损伤程度、MPO、IL-1β及TNF-α含量、p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65、NLRP3、caspase-1、cleaved caspase-1蛋白表达均降低(P<0.05),DAO和i-FABP含量均升高(P<0.05),且呈剂量依赖性,高剂量白及多糖改善效果与柳氮磺胺吡啶相近(P>0.05)。结论:白及多糖可抑制NF-κB/NLRP3/caspase-1通路激活,降低炎症反应和肠屏障损伤,改善UC症状和肠黏膜损伤。

真菌性角膜炎角膜组织NOD1、NF-κBp65表达的变化以及炎症细胞浸润情况

目的探讨真菌性角膜炎角膜组织NOD1、NF-κBp65的表达变化以及炎症细胞浸润情况。方法取清洁级树鼩25只分成3组,实验组10只,空白对照组10只,正常对照组5只,均取右眼为实验眼。将茄病镰刀菌接种到沙氏葡萄糖琼脂培养基中培养,收集真菌孢子混悬液。实验组用胰岛素针头(29G)在实验眼角膜上皮细胞层做“#”形划痕,结膜囊滴真菌孢子混悬液5μL;空白对照组实验眼结膜囊滴生理盐水5μL,其余步骤同实验组;正常对照组不做任何处理。采用Western blot检测蛋白表达,HE染色观察炎症细胞浸润情况,免疫组织化学染色检测蛋白阳性表达情况。结果Western blot检测结果显示:实验组角膜组织中NOD1及NF-κBp65的蛋白相对表达量均明显升高,与正常对照组及空白对照组相比,差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05);正常对照组角膜组织中NOD1及NF-κBp65的蛋白相对表达量与空白对照组相比,差异均无统计学意义(均为P>0.05)。免疫组织化学染色结果显示:正常对照组及空白对照组角膜上皮细胞胞浆均未见NOD1蛋白表达,实验组NOD1蛋白表达于角膜上皮细胞胞浆,表达强度与时间呈正相关;正常对照组及空白对照组角膜基质层及角膜内皮细胞层均未见NF-κBp65蛋白表达,实验组NF-κBp65蛋白表达于角膜基质层的中性粒细胞及角膜内皮细胞,表达强度与时间呈正相关。HE染色结果显示:正常对照组角膜各层组织结构正常,未见炎症细胞浸润;实验组造模后第1天,角膜水肿,上皮细胞层缺失,基质层见大量炎症细胞浸润,以中性粒细胞为主;造模后第3天,角膜高度水肿,组织形态消失,炎症细胞浸润数量明显多于第1天,同样以中性粒细胞为主。结论NOD1与NF-κBp65在树鼩镰刀菌性角膜炎角膜组织表达升高,NOD1/NF-κB信号通路在真菌性角膜炎促炎反应中发挥重要作用。

Synthesis of 1-Octene Oligomer by Rare Earth Coordination Catalyst

The polymerization of 1-octene with Nd(P_(204))_3-AlEt_3 catalyst has been successfully carried out for the first time.Some features of polymerization of 1-octene are described.The 1-octene oligomer prepared has an average molecular weight of about 10~3 with molecular weight distribution of about 2.It has a terminal double bond,which can be transferred into terminal carboxy group by direct oxidation with KMnO_4 in acidic solution, and then can be esterified with polyglycol.

lncRNA MALAT1调节miR-22-3p/NLRP3轴对LPS诱导的急性肺损伤的影响

目的探究长链非编码RNA MALAT1通过miR-22-3p/NLRP3信号轴促进脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide,LPS)诱导的急性肺损伤(acute lung injury,ALI)的分子机制。方法将SD大鼠随机分为假手术组、ALI组、sh-NC组、sh-MALAT1组,每组9只。通过气管内灌注LPS法建立ALI大鼠模型,假手术组气管内灌注等量的PBS作为阴性对照,sh-NC组、sh-MALAT1组在LPS诱导前48 h,通过静脉分别注射2×10^(7) TU/mL的sh-NC慢病毒或相同剂量的sh-MALAT1慢病毒。通过HE染色法观察肺组织的组织病理学改变;通过TUNEL染色法观察肺组织的细胞凋亡情况。通过双荧光素酶报告基因系统验证MALAT1与miR-22-3p、NLRP3与miR-22-3p的调控关系;通过实时荧光定量PCR技术和免疫印记技术检测肺组织和细胞中MALAT1、miR-22-3p、NLRP3、ASC、caspase-1的表达水平;通过酶联免疫吸附试验检测支气管肺泡灌洗液和细胞培养基中白细胞介素(IL)-1β、IL-18、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)的分泌情况;通过CCK-8技术检测A549细胞增殖情况;通过流式细胞术检测A549细胞凋亡情况。结果与假手术组相比,LPS诱导的ALI大鼠肺组织和A549细胞中MALAT1、NLRP3、ASC、caspase-1的mRNA水平显著升高,miR-22-3p水平显著降低(P<0.05)。此外,与假手术组相比,LPS诱导的ALI大鼠肺组织的组织病理损伤水平、炎症反应和细胞凋亡率升高(P<0.05)。与ALI组、sh-NC组相比,抑制MALAT1表达可改善LPS诱导的ALI大鼠肺组织和细胞中的炎症反应和细胞凋亡(P<0.05)。双荧光素酶实验结果显示,MALAT1与miR-22-3p、NLRP3与miR-22-3p存在相互调控关系。与ALI组、sh-NC组相比,sh-MALAT1组肺组织中MALAT1、NLRP3、ASC、caspase-1 mRNA水平降低(P<0.05),miR-22-3p水平升高(P<0.05)。同时,BALF上清液中IL-1β、IL-18、TNF-α水平降低(P<0.05)。此外,下调MALAT1的同时抑制miR-22-3p表达后,细胞中miR-22-3p和Bcl-2表达水平显著降低,细胞增殖水平亦显著降低(P<0.05)。结论降低MALAT1的表达可通过促进miR-22-3p的表达,从而抑制NLRP3的蛋白水平,并最终抑制LPS诱导的ALI模型中的炎症反应和细胞凋亡。