一个地实验被进行在冬小麦(Triticum aestivum L.) 和夏天玉米(Zea mays L.) 下面调查 15N 标签脲和它的剩余效果的命运诺思中国平原上的旋转系统。比作 360 kg N 的常规申请率哈 ? 1 (N360 ) ， 120 kg N 的减少的率哈 ?(N120 ) 1 导...一个地实验被进行在冬小麦(Triticum aestivum L.) 和夏天玉米(Zea mays L.) 下面调查 15N 标签脲和它的剩余效果的命运诺思中国平原上的旋转系统。比作 360 kg N 的常规申请率哈 ? 1 (N360 ) ， 120 kg N 的减少的率哈 ?(N120 ) 1 导致了重要增加(P 【
0.05 ) 在小麦，产量和没有重要差别被作出对有利的裁决玉米。在在收获的 0 100 厘米土剖面，与 N360 相比， N120 不管多么导致了重要减少(P 【
0.05 ) 百分比剩余 N 和百分比未予说明的 N，它可能从管理系统反映了损失。在土剖面的剩余化肥 N 25.6%44.7%和20.7%分别地，，38.2%为 N120 和 N360 在器官的 N 水池0.3%3.0%和11.2%相应地，24.4%在硝酸盐水池，显示一个更高的潜力因为沥滤的损失以常规率与申请联系了。在由接替庄稼的土剖面的剩余 N 的恢复是不到 7.5% 应用 N。为 N120，全部的土壤 N 平衡是否定的；然而，仍然有可观的矿物质 N (NH+4-N 并且没有 ? 3-N ) 在在收获以后的土剖面。因此， N120 能在短期内被认为农学的联盟者可接受，要不是长期的可持续性， N 率应该基于土壤矿物 N 测试和植物组织硝酸盐测试被推荐维持土壤肥力。展开更多
Ammonia volatilization loss and ^15N balance were studied in a rice field at three different stages after urea application in Taihu Lake area with a micrometeorological technique. Factors such as climate and the NH4^...Ammonia volatilization loss and ^15N balance were studied in a rice field at three different stages after urea application in Taihu Lake area with a micrometeorological technique. Factors such as climate and the NH4^＋-N concentration in the field floodwater affecting ammonia loss were also investigated. Results show that the ammonia loss by volatilization accounted for 18.6%-38.7% of urea applied at different stages, the greatest loss took place when urea was applied at the tillering stage, the smallest at the ear bearing stage, and the intermediate loss at the basal stage. The greatest loss took place within 7 d following the fertilizer application. Ammonia volatilization losses at three fertilization stages were significantly correlated with the ammonium concentration in the field floodwater after the fertilizer was applied. ^15N balance experiment indicated that the use efficiency of urea by rice plants ranged between 24.4% and 28.1%. At the early stage of rice growth, the fertilizer nitrogen use efficiency was rather low, only about 12%. The total amount of nitrogen lost from different fertilization stages in the rice field was 44.1%-54.4%, and the ammonia volatilization loss was 25.4%-33.3%. Reducing ammonia loss is an important treatment for improving N use efficiency.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 40571071, 30390080 and 30370287)the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University (No. IRT0511).
文摘一个地实验被进行在冬小麦(Triticum aestivum L.) 和夏天玉米(Zea mays L.) 下面调查 15N 标签脲和它的剩余效果的命运诺思中国平原上的旋转系统。比作 360 kg N 的常规申请率哈 ? 1 (N360 ) ， 120 kg N 的减少的率哈 ?(N120 ) 1 导致了重要增加(P 【
0.05 ) 在小麦，产量和没有重要差别被作出对有利的裁决玉米。在在收获的 0 100 厘米土剖面，与 N360 相比， N120 不管多么导致了重要减少(P 【
0.05 ) 百分比剩余 N 和百分比未予说明的 N，它可能从管理系统反映了损失。在土剖面的剩余化肥 N 25.6%44.7%和20.7%分别地，，38.2%为 N120 和 N360 在器官的 N 水池0.3%3.0%和11.2%相应地，24.4%在硝酸盐水池，显示一个更高的潜力因为沥滤的损失以常规率与申请联系了。在由接替庄稼的土剖面的剩余 N 的恢复是不到 7.5% 应用 N。为 N120，全部的土壤 N 平衡是否定的；然而，仍然有可观的矿物质 N (NH+4-N 并且没有 ? 3-N ) 在在收获以后的土剖面。因此， N120 能在短期内被认为农学的联盟者可接受，要不是长期的可持续性， N 率应该基于土壤矿物 N 测试和植物组织硝酸盐测试被推荐维持土壤肥力。
基金Supported by the Financial Breeding Fund for Young Scholars in Sichuan Province(2008QNJJ-016)Financial Fund for Excellent Gene Engineering Papers in Sichuan Province (2010LWJJ-008)~~
文摘Ammonia volatilization loss and ^15N balance were studied in a rice field at three different stages after urea application in Taihu Lake area with a micrometeorological technique. Factors such as climate and the NH4^＋-N concentration in the field floodwater affecting ammonia loss were also investigated. Results show that the ammonia loss by volatilization accounted for 18.6%-38.7% of urea applied at different stages, the greatest loss took place when urea was applied at the tillering stage, the smallest at the ear bearing stage, and the intermediate loss at the basal stage. The greatest loss took place within 7 d following the fertilizer application. Ammonia volatilization losses at three fertilization stages were significantly correlated with the ammonium concentration in the field floodwater after the fertilizer was applied. ^15N balance experiment indicated that the use efficiency of urea by rice plants ranged between 24.4% and 28.1%. At the early stage of rice growth, the fertilizer nitrogen use efficiency was rather low, only about 12%. The total amount of nitrogen lost from different fertilization stages in the rice field was 44.1%-54.4%, and the ammonia volatilization loss was 25.4%-33.3%. Reducing ammonia loss is an important treatment for improving N use efficiency.
