全氟-2,2-二甲基-1,3-二氧环戊烯-四氟乙烯共聚物平均分子量、分子量分布和流变特性

全氟-2,2-二甲基-1,3-二氧环戊烯-四氟乙烯(PDD-TFE)共聚物是高性能含氟聚合物,开展PDD-TFE共聚物平均分子量(MW)、分子量分布(MWD)和流变特性研究对拓展其加工应用有重要意义。鉴于溶液法测定PDD-TFE共聚物MW及MWD存在难度,建立了由动态流变法和动态黏弹法获得PDD-TFE共聚物MW及MWD的改进方法。根据Fox方程、共聚物结构和性能参数得到了PDD-TFE共聚物的零切黏度与MW之间的关系;通过Carreau-Yasuda方程拟合PDD-TFE共聚物的复数黏度与频率之间的关系,得到了零切黏度。在实验测定PDD-TFE共聚物的储能模量与频率关系基础上,应用动态黏弹法得到其MW及MWD,并进一步研究了220℃时PDD-TFE共聚物的MW及MWD对共聚物熔体流变特性的影响,发现共聚物的MWD越宽,共聚物熔体的“剪切变稀”行为越明显;随着共聚物MW增大,共聚物熔体的非牛顿性越强。

改进Sakai法合成1H-1,2,3-三氮唑

对Sakai法合成1H-1,2,3-三氮唑进行改进,以2,2-二甲氧基乙醛、对甲苯磺酰肼、氨为原料一锅法合成目标产品。优化了环合反应工艺条件,在最佳反应条件下,1H-1,2,3-三氮唑收率为92.7%,纯度为99.4%,产品质量符合市场需求。通过工艺改进,减少反应步骤,提高收率,后处理更加简单,利于工业化生产。

2,2′-联吡啶合成工艺研究

以NiAPO-34分子筛为催化剂,固定床为反应器,采用吡啶为原料偶联反应合成2,2′-联吡啶。系统考查了金属含量、催化剂用量、反应温度、反应压力以及空速的影响,筛选出合适的反应条件。在NiO∶Al_(2)O_(3)摩尔比为0.06∶1,催化剂用量70%,反应温度为400℃,反应压力为0.6 MPa,空速为0.6 h-1的最优条件下,2,2′-联吡啶收率和选择性最高,分别为83%和90.2%。该工艺操作简单,安全性高,收率高,适合工业化生产。

氟代溶剂2,2-二氟乙基乙酸酯和2,2,2-三氟乙基乙酸酯用于4.85 V LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(1.5)O_(4)|石墨电池

高性能的锂离子电池推进了电动汽车的发展,但传统材料限制了电池能量密度的进一步提升。LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(1.5)O_(4)(LNMO)作为正极材料可显著提高电池的能量密度,并降低成本,但高达4.7 V的电压平台难以匹配当前的电解液体系。因此,开发一种耐高电压的电解液体系是LNMO材料应用的关键。为了改善这个问题,本文分别以耐高电压的2,2-二氟乙基乙酸酯(DFEA)和2,2,2-三氟乙酸乙酯(TFEA)作为替代溶剂,部分替代传统电解液中常用的氟代碳酸甲乙酯(FEMC)溶剂,从而提升了LNMO/石墨锂离子电池的性能。实验结果表明,使用DFEA和TFEA替代FEMC后,电解液的电导率上升,粘度下降。与未替代溶剂电池相比,使用DFEA和TFEA替代电解液的电池在常温下循环的容量保持率分别由45.97%提升到75.45%和68.36%,表明这种溶剂替代策略具有可行性。

高效液相色谱联合2,2′-二硫二吡啶衍生反应测定人血清不同类型游离巯基及其与冠心病的关系分析

游离巯基对于心血管疾病的诊断和治疗具有潜在的临床预示价值,本研究建立了一种基于2,2′-二硫二吡啶衍生反应的高效液相色谱测定人血清游离巯基的分析方法,能够同时获得人血清中总游离巯基(Total-SH)、小分子化合物形态游离巯基(LMM-SH)、蛋白质形态游离巯基(P-SH)三者的含量。选用Agilent Eclipse XDB-C18色谱柱(150 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),以0.1%甲酸水溶液-0.1%甲酸乙腈溶液为流动相,在1 mL/min的流速下进行梯度洗脱,5 min内可实现良好的色谱峰基线分离,其中2-硫代吡啶酮色谱峰代表血清样本中总游离巯基含量,吡啶二硫衍生物色谱峰代表小分子化合物形态游离巯基含量,二者差值为蛋白质形态游离巯基含量。本研究对衍生反应条件进行了优化,并进行了方法学验证,结果表明,该方法线性关系良好,相关系数≥0.9994,线性范围为31.25~1000μmol/L,Total-SH和LMM-SH的检出限分别为2.61μmol/L和0.50μmol/L,定量限分别为8.71μmol/L和1.67μmol/L;加标回收率为91.1%~106.0%,日内精密度和日间精密度为0.4%~9.1%。使用本方法测定了714名志愿者的血清样本,总游离巯基浓度为376.60~781.12μmol/L,平均浓度为555.62μmol/L;小分子化合物形态游离巯基的浓度为36.37~231.65μmol/L,平均浓度为82.34μmol/L;蛋白质游离巯基浓度为288.36~687.74μmol/L,平均浓度为473.27μmol/L。Spearman相关性检验分析发现,血清游离巯基浓度与冠心病严重程度及常见临床生化指标存在密切关联。本研究提供了一种简便可靠的血清游离巯基分析方法,探索了其与冠心病的关系,为冠心病风险相关标志物的研究提供了新的参考指标。

2,2-二甲基乙烯基硼酸电解液添加剂对锂离子电池的影响

为了提高石墨负极与电解液之间的界面稳定性,构建更加均匀稳定的SEI膜,在碳酸酯类电解液中添加了1%(质量分数)的2,2-二甲基乙烯基硼酸(DEBA)。采用恒流充放电、循环伏安法(CV)、交流阻抗法(EIS)进行电化学性能测试,同时采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)对循环前后的石墨电极进行了表征。研究结果表明,添加DEBA能够提高锂离子电池的放电比容量和循环稳定性,同时能够降低界面阻抗,形成更加均匀稳定的SEI薄膜。0.2 C时添加DEBA的电池首次放电比容量为343.2 mAh/g,循环300次后,放电比容量为285.4 mAh/g,容量保持率为83.2%,表现出比不含添加剂的电池更好的循环性能。

2,2-联氮-二(3-乙基-苯并噻唑-6-磺酸)(ABTS)和N,N-二乙基对苯二胺(DPD)显色分光光度法测定水中微量高碘酸盐的对比

高碘酸盐(IO_(4)^(-),PI)因具有强氧化性和化学稳定性,被广泛应用于环境污染物的氧化降解,然而传统的PI分析方法具有操作复杂、费用高和检出限高等缺点,不适用于常规分析.因此如何快速、准确、低成本测定水中微量PI备受环境领域研究者的关注.本研究基于2,2-联氮-二(3-乙基-苯并噻唑-6-磺酸)(ABTS)和N,N-二乙基对苯二胺(DPD)与PI氧化显色的原理,建立了两种利用分光光度法测定水中低浓度PI的方法.结果表明,当pH=3.0时,ABTS与PI的反应化学计量系数接近1:2,最大吸光值在415 nm处,标准曲线线性范围为0—20μmol·L^(-1)(R^(2)>0.997),灵敏度为(6.45±0.03)×10^(4)L·mol^(-1)·cm^(-1),检出限和定量下限分别为1.1×10^(-8)mol·L^(-1)和3.3×10^(-8)mol·L^(-1);当pH=6.5时,DPD与PI的反应化学计量系数为1:2,最大吸光值在551 nm处,标准曲线线性范围为0—40μmol·L^(-1)(R^(2)>0.998),灵敏度为(2.11±0.08)×10^(4)L·mol^(-1)·cm^(-1),检出限和定量下限分别为3.7×10^(-7)mol·L^(-1)和1.23×10^(-6)mol·L^(-1).最后,研究了水中常见共存离子、腐殖酸、实际水质背景对PI测定的影响以及加标回收率,发现两种方法均具有良好的抗干扰性、稳定性和检测精度.本研究结果表明两种方法可准确、快速、低成本测定水中微量PI浓度并具有较好的应用前景.

2,2-双(4-羟基苯基)六氟丙烷制备研究进展

2,2-双(4-羟基苯基)六氟丙烷(BPAF)作为交联剂在氟橡胶领域具有重要的应用,是功能性聚合物及医药、农药行业的重要中间体。本文介绍了不同酸为催化剂时2,2-双(4-羟基苯基)六氟丙烷的制备方法。

Two New Cu(Ⅱ) Coordination Polymers Based on 2,5-Furandicarboxylic Acid and 2,2'-bipyridine:Synthesis and Crystal Structure

Two new Cu（II） coordination polymers, [Cu（FDA）（BPY）（H20）]n （1） and {[Cu（FDA）（BPY）（H2O）].2H2O}n （2） （H2FDA = 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid, BPY = 2,2＇-bipyridine）, have been synthesized and structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction as well as elemental analysis and IR. Compound 1 crystallizes in monoclinic, space group P21/c, with a = 7.5915（15）, b = 8.4050（17）, c = 24.204（6） A, β = 99.05（3）°, V= 1525.1（6） A3, Dc = 1.706 g/crn3, C16HI2CuN206, Mr = 391.82, F（000） = 796, μ（MoKa） = 1.470 mm-l, Z = 4, R = 0.0633 and wR = 0.1059 for 2389 observed reflections （1 〉 2a（I））, R = 0.0738, and wR = 0.1098 for all data. Complex 2 belongs to triclinic space group PI with a = 8.8660（18）, b = 8.9112（18）, c = 12.525（3） A, a = 88.41（3）, β = 69.38（3）, γ = 66.95（3）°, V = 845.2（3） A3, Dc = 1.681 g/cm3, CI6HI6CuN2Os, Mr. = 427.85, F（000） = 438, μ（MoKα） = 1.342 mm-1, Z = 2, R = 0.0290 and wR = 0.0690 for 2767 observed reflections （I 〉 2σ（I））, R = 0.0329 and wR = 0.0706 for all data. Complexes 1 and 2 are both coordination polymers with one-dimensional chain structures bridged by the protonated FDA ligands, which are assembled into three-dimensional supramolecular structures through hydrogen bonding interactions and π-π packing interactions between the chains.

气相色谱法测定黄芪中2,2-双(4-氯苯基)-1,1-二氯乙烯

建立一种气相色谱条件下有机氯农药残留2,2-双(4-氯苯基)-1,1-二氯乙烯(p,p′-DDE)的检测分析方法.收集8批黄芪样品,采用分析柱、验证柱和加标试验进行分析,通过质谱方法验证干扰物质,在GC-63Ni-ECD条件下成功实现干扰物质的分离和目标成分的测定.p,p′-DDE在1.06~106.09 ng/mL范围的线性关系良好(R=0.9996),阴性样品的回收率为81.31%~88.27%,阳性样品的回收率为75.81%~79.94%.阴性样品的加标溶液在24 h内稳定性良好(相对标准偏差≤3.21%).该方法的检出限为0.21μg/kg,定量限为0.71μg/kg.结果表明,黄芪中存在干扰p,p′-DDE测定的物质,检测过程中应予以高度关注.该检测方法准确、可靠、成本低,可用于黄芪中有机氯农药残留p,p′-DDE的测定.

一类零分次为w(2,2)李共形代数的分次李共形代数

分类了满足下列条件的Z-分次的二次(quadratic)李共形代数A=⊕^(∞)_(i=-1)A_(i):(C1)A_(0)是w(2,2)李共形代数;(C2)任何A_(i)都是秩为1的A_(0)-模,其中i∈Z^(*)_(≥-1);(C3)[A_(-1λ)A_(i)]≠0,其中i∈Z_(≥1)。

Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Catalytic Activity of a Bimetallic Rhodium Complex with 1,5-Cyclooctadiene and 2,2'-Bipyridine

A new complex [Rh（COD）（2,2＇-bipy）]·[Rh（COD）Cl2]（COD = 1,5-cyclooctadiene, 2,2＇-bipy = 2,2＇-bipyridine） has been synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, NMR and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The complex crystallizes in triclinic system, space group P1 with a = 7.4782（14）, b = 10.1400（11）, c = 16.6982（14） , α = 103.494（11）, β = 91.996（13）, γ = 103.829（12）o, C26H32Cl2N2Rh2, Mr = 649.26, V = 1190.0（3）3, Dc = 1.812 g/cm3, Z = 2, F（000） = 652, μ（Mo Kα） = 1.629 mm-1, R = 0.0286 and w R = 0.0463 for 3718 observed reflections（I 2σ（I））. The complex was linked to form 1D chains by hydrogen bonding interaction（C–H···Cl）, and further to construct a 2D layer structure by π···π stacking interactions between the pyridine rings of 2,2＇-bipy ligands. The hydroformylation catalyzed by the title complex was also studied.

(4S,4'S)-2,2'-(4,6-Dibenzofurandiyl)bis[4,5-dihydro-4-phenyloxazole]-Ni(Ⅱ)Complexes Catalyzed Highly Enantioselective Nitrile Imine Cycloaddition Reactions

The Ni(Ⅱ)-chiral(4S,4'S)-2,2'-(4,6-dibenzofurandiyl)bis[4,5-dihydro-4-phenyloxazole](DBFOX/Ph)-catalyzed asymmetric 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of nitrile imines to N-α,β-unsaturated acylpyrazoles was presented.This tactic rendered a facile and feasible route to prepare the optically active tetrasubstituted 5-3,5-dimethylpyrazole acyl dihydropyrazole cy-cloadducts bearing one or two contiguous stereocenters in good yields(up to 97%yield)with high regioselectivities(100%)and enantioselectivities(up to 97.5%ee).Following that,chiral cycloadducts could be obtained consistently in good chemical yields with excellent enantioselectivities within the gram scale process,additionally,toward five kinds of derivatization reac-tions like nucleophilic and reduction for further conversion of chiral cycloadducts to related chiral dihydropyrazole derivatives encompassing different substituents.

A Novel Method for Synthesizing 4,4′-Bis(hydroxymethyl)-2,2′-bipyridine

There are several paths for synthesizing 4,4′ bis(hydroxymethyl) 2,2′ bipyridine, but most of them need strict experimental conditions that are not easy to be overcome. We designed a simple way to prepare this product via the oxidation of 4,4′ bismethyl 2,2′ bipyridine, followed by esterification and reduction. The yield increases and the reaction conditions become genial in contrast to those of other methods. The molecular structure of the final product was confirmed by means of elemental analysis, IR, 1H NMR and MS spectra.

LC-MS法测定艾瑞昔布中基因毒性杂质2,2-二氯-N,N二甲基乙酰胺

目的:建立LC-MS方法测定艾瑞昔布中潜在基因毒性杂质2,2-二氯-N,N二甲基乙酰胺含量。方法:色谱柱为Atlantis^(TM)T3(150 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),以乙腈-0.01%甲酸水溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,质谱检测器的离子源采用ESI源,采集方式为多反应检测扫描(MRM)。结果:2,2-二氯-N,N二甲基乙酰胺在0.505~60.6 ng/ml(LOQ~200%)范围内浓度与峰面积线性关系良好(r=0.9991,n=5),定量限浓度为0.505 ng/ml,检测限浓度为0.201 ng/ml,精密度RSD为0.78%,平均回收率为100.6%,RSD为0.53%,溶液稳定性及方法耐用性良好。结论:该方法专属性强,灵敏度高,适用于艾瑞昔布中2,2-二氯-N,N二甲基乙酰胺含量的测定。

Investigation of Intermolecular C-H···Halogen Hydrogen Bonded Supramolecular Assemblies in Three Copper(Ⅰ) Complexes Formed by 3,3'-Dimethoxy-6,6'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine Ligand

Three new crystalline compounds 1-3 were successfully obtained by the reactions of 3,3＇-dimethoxy-6,6＇-dimethyl-2,2＇-bipyridine ligand（dmbp） with the corresponding Cu（Ⅰ） salts.Crystal data for 1：orthorhombic Pbca,a = 18.5858（12）,b = 8.1821（5）,c = 20.6066（13） ,V = 3133.7（3） 3,Z = 8,Dc = 1.843 g/cm3,F（000） = 1696,μ = 3.366 mm-1,the final R = 0.0223 and wR = 0.0542.Crystal data for 2：Orthorhombic Pbca,a = 18.7883（16）,b = 8.3249（7）,c = 19.0294（17） ,V = 2976.4（4） 3,Z = 8,Dc = 1.731 g/cm3,F（000） = 1552,μ = 4.154 mm-1,the final R = 0.0279 and wR = 0.0680.Crystal data for 3：monoclinic P21/c,a = 13.812（10）,b = 9.910（7）,c = 23.444（17） ,β = 104.3350（10）°,V = 3090（4） 3,Z = 4,Dc = 1.476 g/cm3,F（000） = 1408,μ = 1.588 mm-1,the final R = 0.0479 and wR = 0.1081.The results of X-ray crystallographic analysis revealed that C14H16ICuN2O2（1） and C14H16BrCuN2O2（2） are isostructural compounds with the dimers connected by C-H···halogen hydrogen bonds to generate a three-dimensional（3D） supramolecular network in 1 and a two-dimensional（2D） sheet structure in 2,respectively,while the mononuclear complex C28H32Cl2Cu2N4O4（3） is ionic.In 3,the [Cu（dmbp）2]＋ cations and [ClCuCl]-anions are connected by C-H···Cl hydrogen bonds to form a one-dimensional（1D） chain along the a axis.Therefore,in the three complexes,the C-H···halogen hydrogen bonds dominate their crystal structures.Additionally,The UV luminescent properties of complexes 1-3 were investigated.

Preparation and Spectroscopic Properties of Tris (2, 2′-bipyridine)ruthenium(Ⅱ)Loaded in Siliceous Mesoporous MCM-41

[Ru (bpy)_3]^(2+)/MCM-41 composite material obtained by loading tris(2, 2' - bipyridine)ruthenium(Ⅱ) ([Ru (bpy)_3]^(2+) ) in siliceous mesoporous MCM-41 was characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, UV-Vis absorption and emission spectroscopies. The absorption spectrum of [Ru(bpy)_3]^(2+) /MCM-41 is similar to that of [Ru (bpy)_3]^(2+) aqueous solution, whereas its emission spectrum exhibits hypsochromic shift compared to the solution spectrum. On the other hand, the peak position of the emission spectrum of [Ru(bpy)_3]^(2+)/MCM-41 shifts towards longer wavelength when the loading amount increases.

Bimetallic Pd-Cu/Al_(2)O_(3) Catalyst for the Green Catalytic Synthesis of 2,2'-bipyridine from Pyridine

Bimetallic Pd-Cu/Al_(2)O_(3) was prepared by wetness impregnation method and its catalytic activity on coupling reaction of pyridine to 2,2'-bipyridine was assessed in view of the effects of different molar ratios of Pd:Cu.It is found that Pd-Cu/Al_(2)O_(3) has the small particle size and good dispersion through the characterization.Compared with Pd/Al_(2)O_(3),Pd-Cu(1:2)/Al_(2)O_(3) is the preferable catalyst under the optimum conditions of 1 MPa N2 pressure,310℃and 16 h.The conversion of pyridine is 35.4%,and the selectivity for 2,2'-Bipyridine is up to 99%,which is much higher activity than Pd/Al_(2)O_(3).The directly coupled synthesis meets the requirements of the atomic economy better.The addition of Cu also reduces the dosage of Pd and lowers the cost.It is worth noting that the recycled Pd-Cu/Al_(2)O_(3) catalyst still shows high activity and stability after three times.

Synthesis and fluorescent properties in complexes of Eu( Ⅲ), Tb( Ⅲ), and Sm( Ⅲ) with β-diketone and 2,2′-bipyridine

Three new rare earth ternary complexes, RE(PB)_3bpy (RE=Sm^(3+) , Eu^(3+) , and Tb^(3+) ), were synthesized by the reaction of 1-(p-phenylethynyl- phenyl)-1,3-butanedione (HPB) and 2,2′-bipyridine (bpy) with rare earth chloride RECl_3 , respectively, in alcohol solution. The compositions were characterized by means of infrared (IR) spectra, chemical analysis, elemental analysis, and thermodynamic analysis. Luminescent properties of the three complexes were studied. At room temperature, under UV light excitation, the Sm^(3+) , Eu^(3+) , and Tb^(3+) complexes exhibit characteristic emission of the central ions. The fluorescence spectra show that the fluorescence emission intensity of Eu^(3+) complex is the strongest. The narrow strongest emission band of Eu^(3+) complex is considered to be a valuable material with bright red fluorescence.

Synthesis,Crystal Structure and Bioactivity of a Pd(Ⅱ) Complex with Demethylcantharate and 2,2′-Bipyridine

A novel crystal with the molecular formula [Pd（DCA）（bipy）]2 [Pd（bipy）Cl2 ]·6.75H2O was formed by PdCl2 with disodium demethylcantharate （Na2 （DCA）,DCA2= 7-oxa-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane-2,3-bicarboxylate） and 2,2-bipyidine （bipy） through the hydrothermal method.The complex was characterized by elemental analysis and infrared spectroscopy.The structure of the complex was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction,which is of triclinic system,space group P1 with a=13.6818（7）,b=14.8426（8）,c=15.0043（8）,α=97.319（3）,β=92.521（3）,γ=105.776（2）°,V=2898.4（3） 3,Dc=1.545 g·cm-3,Z=1,F（000）=1420,S=0.852,the final R=0.0525 and wR=0.1777 for 13634 observer reflections （I〉2σ（I））.The binding reaction of the complex with ct-DNA and bovine serum albumin （BSA） was studied by fluorescence spectroscopy.The results indicated that the complex binds to ct-DNA via the partial intercalation.The binding constant K A of the complex interaction with BSA was 3.98×10 5 L·mol-1 and one binding site would be formed.The antiproliferative activity of the complex against human hepatoma cells （SMMC7721） in vitro is much higher than that of Na 2 （DCA）.