From (2,3-dihydro-1<i>H</i>-perimidin-2-yl)-phenyl, the substitution of OH group in <i>ortho</i> or <i>para</i> position on the phenyl ring, allows us to synthesize the studied comp...From (2,3-dihydro-1<i>H</i>-perimidin-2-yl)-phenyl, the substitution of OH group in <i>ortho</i> or <i>para</i> position on the phenyl ring, allows us to synthesize the studied compounds. These three compounds have been characterized by conventional spectroscopic methods (NMR and MS). The interest of this work is to review the antioxidant activity of our compounds. The antioxidant activity screening carried out according to FRAP and DPPH methods revealed significant anti-free radical properties for compounds 1 and 2 even at low concentrations. In contrast to the compound 2, compound 3 for which the OH group is substituted in <i>para</i> position has the lowest activity in both cases. Therefore the <i>para</i> position seems to be the least sensitive position to increase the antioxidant activity of this pharmacophore.展开更多
Background:The prime objective of the current research was to evaluate the whole plant hydroalcoholic extract of Ludwigia octovalvis(HLO)against hyperglycemia,and oxidative stress biomarkers in rats induced with diabe...Background:The prime objective of the current research was to evaluate the whole plant hydroalcoholic extract of Ludwigia octovalvis(HLO)against hyperglycemia,and oxidative stress biomarkers in rats induced with diabetes comorbid depression,diabetes comorbid depression(streptozotocin-nicotinamide+electric footshocks).Methods:2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay of HLO versus ascorbic acid was done.Effects of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight/day HLO doses versus 25 mg/kg body weight/day metformin was studied through insulin,glucose,superoxide dismutase,lipid peroxidation,catalase,and behavioral assessment(forced swim and open field tests).Results:IC50 values of HLO and ascorbic acid were 33.52 and 27.86μg/mL respectively.Both the HLO doses showed intended results with respect to oxidative stress biomarkers in diabetes comorbid depression rats in comparison to metformin.Open field test showed better results for HLO in diabetes comorbid depression rats.However,hypoglycemic effects,and forced swim test performance of metformin was slightly higher than the 400 mg dose,followed by the 200 mg dose of HLO.Ethyl gallate,gallic acid,β-sitosterol,and quercetin in HLO might resulted in attenuating diabetic as well as depression biomarkers.Conclusion:Inhibition of glucosidase and lipase activity,and AMP-activated protein kinase phosphorylation might be the possible biochemical changes occurred in HLO treated rats.展开更多
The complexes of biogenic metals (Zn2+,Cu2+,Co2+,Mn3+,Fe3+) based on meso-tetra(3,5-diisobor- nyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)porphyrin 1 were synthesized. The electrochemical behavior of these com-pounds was studied using cyclic...The complexes of biogenic metals (Zn2+,Cu2+,Co2+,Mn3+,Fe3+) based on meso-tetra(3,5-diisobor- nyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)porphyrin 1 were synthesized. The electrochemical behavior of these com-pounds was studied using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and rotating disk electrode (RDE) techniques. The antioxidant activity of complexes was estimated by means of the electrochemical assay based on the hydrogen atom transfer reaction to the stable radical 2,2’-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). The RDE method was applied for this process monitoring. It was shown that the efficiency of the metal complexes (Cu2+,Co2+,Mn2+,Ni2+,Fe3+) is practically the same order as that of free base porphyrin 1. However the Zn2+ complex demonstrates significantly higher antioxidant activity, and the stoichiometry of the reaction was determined as σ = 4. The results demonstrate that porphyrin macrocycle can directly affect the antioxidant properties of 2,6-diisobornylphenol.展开更多
建立了以分光光度法测定天然抗氧化剂清除2,2-二苯基-1-苦肼基(DPPH)自由基能力的方法。通过测定芦丁、檞皮素、抗坏血酸、没食子酸的DPPH自由基清除率曲线,提出以IC50值作为评价试样清除DPPH自由基能力的指标,并将此应用于测定香椿叶...建立了以分光光度法测定天然抗氧化剂清除2,2-二苯基-1-苦肼基(DPPH)自由基能力的方法。通过测定芦丁、檞皮素、抗坏血酸、没食子酸的DPPH自由基清除率曲线,提出以IC50值作为评价试样清除DPPH自由基能力的指标,并将此应用于测定香椿叶提取物清除DPPH自由基的能力。通过测定香椿叶提取物与DPPH溶液反应后,DPPH溶液在517 nm处的吸光度的变化,确定了测定香椿叶提取物清除DPPH自由基能力的条件。即:测定波长517 nm,反应时间50 m in。在此条件下测得的以总黄酮计的香椿叶提取物清除DPPH自由基的IC50值为22.026。展开更多
Objective:To search for new sources of safe and inexpensive antioxidants,the leaf,root and rhizome of Enhalus acoroides(E.acoroides) were screened for the first time for their antioxidant activities.Methods:Samples of...Objective:To search for new sources of safe and inexpensive antioxidants,the leaf,root and rhizome of Enhalus acoroides(E.acoroides) were screened for the first time for their antioxidant activities.Methods:Samples of leaf,root and rhizome from E.acoroides were tested for total phenolic content,proanthocyanidins and in vitro antioxidant activity in terms of total antioxidant assay,DPPH assay and FRAP assay.Results:The leaf sample was found to have high levels of phenolic(0.323±0.028 mg TAE/g) and proanthocyanidins(0.570 0±0.000 3 mg TAE/g) when compared to root and rhizome.The leaf samples exhibited higher total antioxidant activity (11.770±0.026 mg Ascorbic acid equivalent/g),higher percentage of DPPH radical scavenging activity(25.76±0.04) and higher reducing power(18.060±0.073) in terms of mg GAE/g.In addition, there was a significant correlation between total phenolic content and total antioxidant activity (R^2=0.923),DPPH assay(R^2=0.509).FRAP assay(R^2=0.994).Similarly,significant correlation was found between the proanthocyanidin and total antioxidant activity(R^2=0.977),DPPH assay (R^2=0.464) and the FRAP assay(R^2=0.998).Conclusions:These results suggested that E.acoroides have strong antioxidant potential.Further study is necessary for isolation and characterization of the active antioxidant agents,which can be used to treat various oxidative stress-related diseases.展开更多
Objective:To ensure the safety and evaluate the anti oxidant activity of Terminalia paniculata(T.paniculata)ethanolic extract in Sprague Dawley rats.Methods:The solvent extracts(hexane,ethyl acetate and ethanol)of T.p...Objective:To ensure the safety and evaluate the anti oxidant activity of Terminalia paniculata(T.paniculata)ethanolic extract in Sprague Dawley rats.Methods:The solvent extracts(hexane,ethyl acetate and ethanol)of T.paniculata were subjected to phytochemical analysis and their DPPH radical scavenging activity was assayed.The oral acute toxicity was evaluated using ethanolic extract of T.paniculata.Results:Ethyl acetate and elhanolic extracts showed more phytochemicals,whereas highest DPPH scavenging activity was found in ethanolic extract.In an acute toxicity study,T.paniculata ethanolic extract was orally administered(1000 mg/kg body weight)to rats and observed for72 h for any toxic symptoms and the dose was continued up to 14 d.On the 15th day rats were sacrificed and blood samples were collected from control and test animals and analyzed for some biochemical parameters.We did not observe any behavioral changes in test groups in comparison with their controls.Also,there were no significant alterations in biochemical,hematological(hemoglobin content and blood cells count)and liver function parameters such as serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase,serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase,alkaline phosphatase,total proteins,albumin and bilirubin levels between T.paniculata ethanolic extract treated and normal control groups.Conclusions:Together our results demonstrated that T.paniculala ethanolic possessed potent antioxidant activity and it was safer and non toxic to rats even at higher doses and therefore could be well considered for further investigation for its medicinal and therapeutic efficacy.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the antioxidant activity,total phenolic and total tannin content of the pericarp and the seed of Coffea benghalensis(C.benghalensis) and Coffea liberica compared to Coffea arabica(C.arabica).M...Objective:To investigate the antioxidant activity,total phenolic and total tannin content of the pericarp and the seed of Coffea benghalensis(C.benghalensis) and Coffea liberica compared to Coffea arabica(C.arabica).Methods:The antioxidant potential,total tannin and polyphenol contents of the immature and mature seed and pericarp of C.benghalensis and Coffea liberica were quantified and compared to C.arabica.Enhanced chemiluminescence(ECL).2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydruzyl(DPPH).oxygen radical absorbance capacity,Folin-Ciocaltcau method and total tannin content assays were used.Results:Trolox equivalent(TE/g plant material) values obtained by ECL and DPPH methods showed loose correlation(r^2=0.587)while those measured by oxygen radical absorbance capacity assay were higher without correlation in each plant.A closer correlation was detected between the ECL method and the percentage antioxidant activity of the DPPH technique(r^2=0.610 7) in each species,however the immature pericarp of C.benghalensis showed much higher DPPH scavenging potential than was seen in the ECL assay.The immature pericarp of C.benghalensis expressed the highest tannin and polyphenol content,and a high polyphenol level was also detected in the immature seed of C.arabica.The immature pericarp of Bengal and Liberian coffees showed the largest amount of phenolic contents.Conclusions:The obtained data highlight the potential role of C.benghalensis as a new source of natural antioxidants and polyphenols compared to C.arabica.展开更多
文摘From (2,3-dihydro-1<i>H</i>-perimidin-2-yl)-phenyl, the substitution of OH group in <i>ortho</i> or <i>para</i> position on the phenyl ring, allows us to synthesize the studied compounds. These three compounds have been characterized by conventional spectroscopic methods (NMR and MS). The interest of this work is to review the antioxidant activity of our compounds. The antioxidant activity screening carried out according to FRAP and DPPH methods revealed significant anti-free radical properties for compounds 1 and 2 even at low concentrations. In contrast to the compound 2, compound 3 for which the OH group is substituted in <i>para</i> position has the lowest activity in both cases. Therefore the <i>para</i> position seems to be the least sensitive position to increase the antioxidant activity of this pharmacophore.
文摘Background:The prime objective of the current research was to evaluate the whole plant hydroalcoholic extract of Ludwigia octovalvis(HLO)against hyperglycemia,and oxidative stress biomarkers in rats induced with diabetes comorbid depression,diabetes comorbid depression(streptozotocin-nicotinamide+electric footshocks).Methods:2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay of HLO versus ascorbic acid was done.Effects of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight/day HLO doses versus 25 mg/kg body weight/day metformin was studied through insulin,glucose,superoxide dismutase,lipid peroxidation,catalase,and behavioral assessment(forced swim and open field tests).Results:IC50 values of HLO and ascorbic acid were 33.52 and 27.86μg/mL respectively.Both the HLO doses showed intended results with respect to oxidative stress biomarkers in diabetes comorbid depression rats in comparison to metformin.Open field test showed better results for HLO in diabetes comorbid depression rats.However,hypoglycemic effects,and forced swim test performance of metformin was slightly higher than the 400 mg dose,followed by the 200 mg dose of HLO.Ethyl gallate,gallic acid,β-sitosterol,and quercetin in HLO might resulted in attenuating diabetic as well as depression biomarkers.Conclusion:Inhibition of glucosidase and lipase activity,and AMP-activated protein kinase phosphorylation might be the possible biochemical changes occurred in HLO treated rats.
文摘The complexes of biogenic metals (Zn2+,Cu2+,Co2+,Mn3+,Fe3+) based on meso-tetra(3,5-diisobor- nyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)porphyrin 1 were synthesized. The electrochemical behavior of these com-pounds was studied using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and rotating disk electrode (RDE) techniques. The antioxidant activity of complexes was estimated by means of the electrochemical assay based on the hydrogen atom transfer reaction to the stable radical 2,2’-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). The RDE method was applied for this process monitoring. It was shown that the efficiency of the metal complexes (Cu2+,Co2+,Mn2+,Ni2+,Fe3+) is practically the same order as that of free base porphyrin 1. However the Zn2+ complex demonstrates significantly higher antioxidant activity, and the stoichiometry of the reaction was determined as σ = 4. The results demonstrate that porphyrin macrocycle can directly affect the antioxidant properties of 2,6-diisobornylphenol.
文摘建立了以分光光度法测定天然抗氧化剂清除2,2-二苯基-1-苦肼基(DPPH)自由基能力的方法。通过测定芦丁、檞皮素、抗坏血酸、没食子酸的DPPH自由基清除率曲线,提出以IC50值作为评价试样清除DPPH自由基能力的指标,并将此应用于测定香椿叶提取物清除DPPH自由基的能力。通过测定香椿叶提取物与DPPH溶液反应后,DPPH溶液在517 nm处的吸光度的变化,确定了测定香椿叶提取物清除DPPH自由基能力的条件。即:测定波长517 nm,反应时间50 m in。在此条件下测得的以总黄酮计的香椿叶提取物清除DPPH自由基的IC50值为22.026。
文摘Objective:To search for new sources of safe and inexpensive antioxidants,the leaf,root and rhizome of Enhalus acoroides(E.acoroides) were screened for the first time for their antioxidant activities.Methods:Samples of leaf,root and rhizome from E.acoroides were tested for total phenolic content,proanthocyanidins and in vitro antioxidant activity in terms of total antioxidant assay,DPPH assay and FRAP assay.Results:The leaf sample was found to have high levels of phenolic(0.323±0.028 mg TAE/g) and proanthocyanidins(0.570 0±0.000 3 mg TAE/g) when compared to root and rhizome.The leaf samples exhibited higher total antioxidant activity (11.770±0.026 mg Ascorbic acid equivalent/g),higher percentage of DPPH radical scavenging activity(25.76±0.04) and higher reducing power(18.060±0.073) in terms of mg GAE/g.In addition, there was a significant correlation between total phenolic content and total antioxidant activity (R^2=0.923),DPPH assay(R^2=0.509).FRAP assay(R^2=0.994).Similarly,significant correlation was found between the proanthocyanidin and total antioxidant activity(R^2=0.977),DPPH assay (R^2=0.464) and the FRAP assay(R^2=0.998).Conclusions:These results suggested that E.acoroides have strong antioxidant potential.Further study is necessary for isolation and characterization of the active antioxidant agents,which can be used to treat various oxidative stress-related diseases.
基金Supported by University Grants Commission(F.No.42-666/2013)Council of Scientific and Industrial Research(09/152(292)/2013,EMR-Ⅰ),New Delhi,India
文摘Objective:To ensure the safety and evaluate the anti oxidant activity of Terminalia paniculata(T.paniculata)ethanolic extract in Sprague Dawley rats.Methods:The solvent extracts(hexane,ethyl acetate and ethanol)of T.paniculata were subjected to phytochemical analysis and their DPPH radical scavenging activity was assayed.The oral acute toxicity was evaluated using ethanolic extract of T.paniculata.Results:Ethyl acetate and elhanolic extracts showed more phytochemicals,whereas highest DPPH scavenging activity was found in ethanolic extract.In an acute toxicity study,T.paniculata ethanolic extract was orally administered(1000 mg/kg body weight)to rats and observed for72 h for any toxic symptoms and the dose was continued up to 14 d.On the 15th day rats were sacrificed and blood samples were collected from control and test animals and analyzed for some biochemical parameters.We did not observe any behavioral changes in test groups in comparison with their controls.Also,there were no significant alterations in biochemical,hematological(hemoglobin content and blood cells count)and liver function parameters such as serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase,serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase,alkaline phosphatase,total proteins,albumin and bilirubin levels between T.paniculata ethanolic extract treated and normal control groups.Conclusions:Together our results demonstrated that T.paniculala ethanolic possessed potent antioxidant activity and it was safer and non toxic to rats even at higher doses and therefore could be well considered for further investigation for its medicinal and therapeutic efficacy.
文摘Objective:To investigate the antioxidant activity,total phenolic and total tannin content of the pericarp and the seed of Coffea benghalensis(C.benghalensis) and Coffea liberica compared to Coffea arabica(C.arabica).Methods:The antioxidant potential,total tannin and polyphenol contents of the immature and mature seed and pericarp of C.benghalensis and Coffea liberica were quantified and compared to C.arabica.Enhanced chemiluminescence(ECL).2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydruzyl(DPPH).oxygen radical absorbance capacity,Folin-Ciocaltcau method and total tannin content assays were used.Results:Trolox equivalent(TE/g plant material) values obtained by ECL and DPPH methods showed loose correlation(r^2=0.587)while those measured by oxygen radical absorbance capacity assay were higher without correlation in each plant.A closer correlation was detected between the ECL method and the percentage antioxidant activity of the DPPH technique(r^2=0.610 7) in each species,however the immature pericarp of C.benghalensis showed much higher DPPH scavenging potential than was seen in the ECL assay.The immature pericarp of C.benghalensis expressed the highest tannin and polyphenol content,and a high polyphenol level was also detected in the immature seed of C.arabica.The immature pericarp of Bengal and Liberian coffees showed the largest amount of phenolic contents.Conclusions:The obtained data highlight the potential role of C.benghalensis as a new source of natural antioxidants and polyphenols compared to C.arabica.
