Recent progress in ternary mixed matrix membranes for CO_(2) separation

Mixed matrix membranes(MMMs)could combine the advantages of both polymeric membranes and porousfillers,making them an effective alternative to conventional polymer membranes.However,interfacial incompatibility issues,such as the presence of interfacial voids,hardening of polymer chains,and blockage of micropores by polymers between common MMMsfillers and the polymer matrix,currently limit the gas sep-aration performance of MMMs.Ternary phase MMMs(consisting of afiller,an additive,and a matrix)made by adding a third compound,usually functionalized additives,can overcome the structural problems of binary phase MMMs and positively impact membrane separation performance.This review introduces the structure and fabrication processes for ternary MMMs,categorizes various nanofillers and the third component,and summarizes and analyzes in detail the CO_(2) separation performance of newly developed ternary MMMs based on both rubbery and glassy polymers.Based on this separation data,the challenges of ternary MMMs are also discussed.Finally,future directions for ternary MMMs are proposed.

Direct capture and separation of CO_(2) from air

Direct air capture(DAC)has attracted increasing interest and investment over the past few years.There are a fast-growing number of companies that entered the field and demonstrated DAC carbon removal setups and potential.However,current DAC methods are still based on solid absorbents or alkali solutions approaches which have low capture efficiency and low energy efficiency.This highlight proposed a promising CO_(2) capture technology,an electric energy driven closed-loop system for the direct removal of CO_(2) from ambient air which are based on two individual technologies:Polyam-N-Cu hybrid system promoted CO_(2) capture with ocean as anthropogenic CO_(2) sink and a chloride-mediated electrochemical pH swing system to remove CO_(2) from oceanwater.

Modified TiO_(2)/In_(2)O_(3) heterojunction with efficient charge separation for visible-light-driven photocatalytic CO_(2) reduction to C_(2) product

Utilizing sunlight to convert CO_(2) into chemical fuels could address the greenhouse effect and fossil fuel crisis,Heterojunction structure catalysts with oxygen vacancy are attractive in the field of photocatalytic CO_(2) conversion.Herein,a modified TiO_(2)/In_(2)O_(3)(R-P2 5/In_(2)O_(3-x)) type Ⅱ heterojunction composite with oxygen vacancies is designed for photocatalytic CO_(2) reduction,which exhibits excellent CO_(2) reduction activity,with a C_(2) selectivity of 56.66%(in terms of R_(electron)).In situ Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy(DRIFTS) and time-resolved photoluminescence(TR-PL) spectroscopy are used to reveal the intermediate formation of the photocatalytic mechanism and photogenerated electron lifetime,respectively.The experimental characterizations reveal that the R-P25/In_(2)O_(3-x) composite shows a remarkable behavior for coupling C-C bonds.Besides,efficient charge separation contributes to the improved CO_(2) conversion performance of photocatalysts.This work introduces a type Ⅱ heterojunction composite photocatalyst,which promotes understanding the CO_(2) reduction mechanisms on heterojunction composites and is valuable for the development of photocatalysts.

Synergistic strengthening mechanism of Ca^(2+)-sodium silicate to selective separation of feldspar and quartz

Inhibitors are important for flotation separation of quartz and feldspar.In this study,a novel combined inhibitor was used to separate quartz and feldspar in near-neutral pulp.Selective inhibition of the combined inhibitor was assessed by micro-flotation experiments.And a series of detection methods were used to detect differences in the surface properties of feldspars and quartz after flotation reagents and put forward the synergistic strengthening mechanism.The outcomes were pointed out that pre-mixing combined inhibitors were more effective than the addition of Ca^(2+)and SS in sequence under the optimal proportion of 1:5.A concentrate from artificial mixed minerals that was characterized by a high quartz grade and a high recovery was acquired,and was found to be 90.70wt% and 83.70%,respectively.It was demonstrated that the combined inhibitor selectively prevented the action of the collector and feldspar from Fourier-transform infrared(FT-IR)and adsorption capacity tests.The results of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)indicated that Ca^(2+)directly interacts with the surface of quartz to increase the adsorption of collectors.In contrast,the chemistry property of Al on the feldspar surface was altered by combined inhibitor due to Na^(+)and Ca^(2+)taking the place of K^(+),resulting in the composite inhibitor forms a hydrophilic structure,which prevents the adsorption of the collector on the surface of feldspar by interacting with the Al active site.The combination of Ca^(2+)and SS synergically strengthens the difference of collecting property between quartz and feldspar by collector,thus achieving the effect of efficient separation.A new strategy for flotation to separate quartz from feldspar in near-neutral pulp was provided.

Anti-abrasion collagen fiber-based membrane functionalized by UiO-66-NH_(2)with ultra-high efficiency and stability for oil-in-water emulsions separation

Membrane separation strategies offer promising platform for the emulsion separation.However,the low mechanical strength of membrane separation layers and the trade-off between separation flux and efficiency present significant challenges.In this study,we report a CFM@UiO-66-NH_(2)membrane with high separation flux,efficiency and stability,through utilizing a robust anti-abrasion collagen fiber membrane(CFM)as the multifunctional support and UiO-66-NH_(2)by an in-situ growth as the separation layer.The high mechanical strength of the CFM compensated for the weakness of the separation layer,while the charge-breaking effect of UiO-66-NH_(2),along with the size sieving of its constituent separating layers and the capillary effect of the collagen fibers,contributed to the potential for efficient separation.Additionally,the CFM@UiO-66-NH_(2)membrane exhibited superhydrophilic properties,making it suitable for separating oil-in-water microemulsions and nanoemulsions stabilized by anionic surfactants.The membrane demonstrated remarkable separation efficiencies of up to 99.960%and a separation flux of370.05 L·m^(-2)·h^(-1).Moreover,it exhibits stability,durability,and abrasion resistance,maintaining excellent separation performance even when exposed to strong acids and alkalis without any damage to its structure and performance.After six cycles of reuse,it achieved a separation flux of 417.97 L·m^(-2)·h^(-1)and a separation efficiency of 99.747%.Furthermore,after undergoing 500 cycles of strong abrasion,the separation flux remained at 124.39 L·m^(-2)·h^(-1),with a separation efficiency of 99.992%.These properties make it suitable for the long-term use in harsh operating environments.We attribute these properties to the electrostatic effect resulting from the amino group on UiO-66-NH_(2)and its in-situ growth on the CFM,which forms a size-screening separation layer.Our work highlights the potential of the CFM@UiO-66-NH_(2)membrane as an environmentally friendly size-screening material for the efficient emulsion wastewater separation.

2.5μm-Thick Ultrastrong Asymmetric Separator for Stable Lithium Metal Batteries

Lithium metal batteries(LMBs)are considered the ideal choice for high volumetric energy density lithium-ion batteries,but uncontrolled lithium deposition poses a significant challenge to the stability of such devices.In this paper,we introduce a 2.5μm-thick asymmetric and ultrastrong separator,which can induce tissue-like lithium deposits.The asymmetric separator,denoted by utPE@Cu_(2)O,was prepared by selective synthesis of Cu_(2)O nanoparticles on one of the outer surfaces of a nanofibrous(diameter~10 nm)ultrastrong ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene(UHMWPE)membrane.Microscopic analysis shows that the lithium deposits have tissue-like morphology,resulting in the symmetric lithium cells assembled using utPE@Cu_(2)O with symmetric Cu_(2)O coating exhibiting stable performance for over 2000 h of cycling.This work demonstrates the feasibility of a facile approach ultrathin separators for the deployment of lithium metal batteries,providing a pathway towards enhanced battery performance and safety.

Vertical plane depth-resolved surface potential and carrier separation characteristics in flexible CZTSSe solar cells with over 12% efficiency

Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4(CZTSSe)solar cells have resource distribution and economic advantages.The main cause of their low efficiency is carrier loss resulting from recombination of photo-generated electron and hole.To overcome this,it is important to understand their electron-hole behavior characteristics.To determine the carrier separation characteristics,we measured the surface potential and the local current in terms of the absorber depth.The elemental variation in the intragrains(IGs)and at the grain boundaries(GBs)caused a band edge shift and bandgap(Eg)change.At the absorber surface and subsurface,an upward Ec and Ev band bending structure was observed at the GBs,and the carrier separation was improved.At the absorber center,both upward Ec and Ev and downward Ec-upward Ev band bending structures were observed at the GBs,and the carrier separation was degraded.To improve the carrier separation and suppress carrier recombination,an upward Ec and Ev band bending structure at the GBs is desirable.

Efficient adsorption separation of methane from C_(2)-C_(3) hydrocarbons in a Co(Ⅱ)-nodes metal-organic framework

Methane(CH_(4))as a substitute for other mineral fuels plays a crucial role in reducing energy consumption and preventing environmental pollution.The present study employs a solvothermal method to fabricate a porous framework Co-metal-organic framework(Co-MOF)containing two distinct secondary building units(SBUs):an anionic[Co_(2)(μ_(2)-OH)(COO)_(4)(H_(2)O)]and a neutral[CoN_(2)(COO)_(2)].Notably,within the anionic SBUs,the coordinated water molecules induce the generation of divergent unsaturated Co(Ⅱ)centers in the unidirectional porous channels,thereby creating open metal sites.The adsorption performance of Co-MOF towards pure component gases was systematically investigated.The results demonstrated that Co-MOF exhibits superior adsorption capacity for C_(2)-C_(3) hydrocarbons compared to CH_(4),which offers the potential for efficient adsorption and separation of CH_(4) from C_(2)-C_(3) hydrocarbons.The gas selectivity separation ratios of Co-MOF for C_(2)H_(6)/CH_(4) and C_(3)H_8/CH_(4) were calculated using the ideal adsorbed solution theory method at 273/298 K and 0.1 MPa.The results revealed that Co-MOF achieved remarkable equilibrium separation selectivity for CH_(4) and C_(2)-C_(3) hydrocarbon gases among non-modified MOFs,signifying the potential of the synthesized Co-MOF for efficient recovery and purification of CH_(4) from C_(2)-C_(3) hydrocarbons.Breakthrough experiments further demonstrate the ability of Co-MOF to purify methane from C_(2)-C_(3) hydrocarbons in practical gas separation scenarios.Additionally,molecular simulation calculations further substantiate the propensity of anionic SBUs to interact with C_(2)-C_(3) hydrocarbon compounds.This study provides a novel paradigm for the development of porous MOF materials in the application of gas mixture separation.

A Cu-Pd alloy catalyst with partial phase separation for the electrochemical CO_(2) reduction reaction

Cu catalysts can convert CO_(2) through an electrochemical reduction reaction into a variety of useful carbon-based products.However,this capability provides an obstacle to increasing the selectivity for a single product.Herein,we report a simple fabrication method for a Cu-Pd alloy catalyst for use in a membrane electrode assembly(MEA)-based CO_(2) electrolyzer for the electrochemical CO_(2) reduction reaction(ECRR)with high selectivity for CO production.When the composition of the Cu-Pd alloy catalyst was fabricated at 6:4,the selectivity for CO increased and the production of multi-carbon compounds and hydrogen is suppressed.Introducing a Cu-Pd alloy catalyst with 6:4 ratio as the cathode of the MEAbased CO_(2) electrolyzer showed a CO faradaic efficiency of 92.8%at 2.4 V_(cell).We assumed that these results contributed from the crystal planes on the surface of the Cu-Pd alloy.The phases of the Cu-Pd alloy catalyst were partially separated through annealing to fabricate a catalyst with high selectivity for CO at low voltage and C_(2)H_4 at high voltage.The results of CO-stripping testing confirmed that when Cu partially separates from the lattice of the Cu-Pd alloy,the desorption of~*CO is suppressed,suggesting that C-C coupling reaction is favored.

Flow Control with Intermittent Disturbance for the Laminar Separation Bubble on a NACA633-421 Airfoil

This study investigates the aerodynamic performance of the NACA 633-421 airfoil and the effectiveness and feasibility of intermittent disturbance flow control methods on laminar separation bubbles(LSBs).It is found that the average velocity and influence range of the synthetic jet actuator increase with the increasing of driving frequency and driving amplitude.LSB occurs at Re=1.0×10^(5),and ruptures atα=6°.But with intermittent disturbance control,the stall angle of attack(AoA)increases while significantly reducing drag.Research shows that although certain disturbance cannot fully recover from LSB stall,decreasing driving amplitude partially restores wing aerodynamic performance,more effectively than increasing driving amplitude.

Self-separation ionic liquid catalyst for the highly effective conversion of H_(2)S by α,β-unsaturated carboxylate esters under mild conditions

The deep-processing utility of pure hydrogen sulfide (H_(2)S) is a significant direction in natural gas chemical industry.Herein,a brand-new strategy of H_(2)S conversion by a,β-unsaturated carboxylate esters into thiols or thioethers using task-specific carboxylate ionic liquids (ILs) as catalyst has been developed,firstly accomplishing the phase separation of product and catalyst without introducing the third component.It can be considered as a cascade reaction in which the product selectivity can be controlled by adjusting the molar ratio of H_(2)S to a,β-unsaturated carboxylate esters.Also,the effects of ILs with different anions and cations,intermittent feeding operations,as well as pressure-time kinetic behaviors on cascade reaction were investigated.Furthermore,the proposed interaction mechanism of H_(2)S conversion using butyl acrylate catalyzed by[Emim][Ac]was revealed by DFT-based theoretical calculation.The approach enables the self-phase separation promotion of catalyst and product and achieves 99%quantitative conversion under mild conditions in the absence of solvent,making the entire process ecologically benign.High-efficiency reaction activity can still be maintained after ten cycles of the catalyst.Therefore,the good results,combined with its simplicity of operation and the high recyclability of the catalyst,make this green method environmentally friendly and cost-effective.It is anticipated that this self-separation method mediated by task-specific ILs will provide a feasible strategy for H_(2)S utilization,which will guide its application on an industrial scale.

电厂粉煤灰、炉渣和污泥复合陶粒对低浓度Pb^(2+)的吸附特性

针对重金属污染具有来源广、危害大等特点,通过以电厂废物(粉煤灰、炉渣)和脱水污泥为原料制备一种高效且价廉的陶粒吸附剂,采用吸附影响因素实验、解吸再生实验、吸附动力学模型和等温吸附模型的拟合以及陶粒表征分析,探究陶粒对Pb^(2+)的吸附特性,同时为实现废物资源化利用提供新思路.结果表明:陶粒去除Pb^(2+)的较佳吸附条件为粒径4 mm、pH 4.5~5.0、吸附时间360 min、吸附温度25℃.陶粒再生所用较佳解吸剂为0.5 mol/L的HCl溶液,较佳解吸时间和次数分别为120 min和5次,解吸5次后陶粒对Pb^(2+)的去除率为92.67%.此吸附过程更好地遵循了准二级动力学模型和Freundlich等温吸附模型.陶粒上的O-H、Si-O和金属氧化键在吸附Pb^(2+)的过程中起主要作用.陶粒吸附Pb^(2+)后,出现了新的物相Pb_(2)Cl_(3)OH和PbO,陶粒与Pb^(2+)之间发生化学吸附,为自发进行的放热反应.陶粒处理实际废水中Pb^(2+)的去除率可达93.70%,Pb^(2+)浓度由3.74 mg/L降至0.24 mg/L.研究显示,电厂粉煤灰、炉渣和污泥复合陶粒对Pb^(2+)具有一定的去除效果,可为以固体废物为原料制备的吸附剂在重金属废水处理应用中提供数据支撑.

2型糖尿病合并肥胖患者血清肌联素水平与胰岛素抵抗的相关性

目的 观察2型糖尿病(T2DM)合并肥胖患者血清肌联素(myonectin)水平的变化,探讨血清myonectin水平的影响因素及其与胰岛素抵抗的相关性。方法 选择2020年11月至2022年6月在河北北方学院附属第一医院内分泌科住院的186例T2DM患者,根据体重指数(BMI)分为糖尿病正常体重组(60例)、糖尿病超重组(65例)和糖尿病肥胖组(61例)。另选取同期于医院体检且BMI正常的健康者作为正常对照组(60例)。测定各组血清myonectin、空腹血糖(FPG)、空腹胰岛素(FINS)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平,计算BMI及稳态胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)。比较各组血清myonectin水平,并分析血清myonectin水平与胰岛素抵抗的相关性。结果 与正常对照组比较,糖尿病正常体重组、糖尿病超重组和糖尿病肥胖组的血清myonectin水平降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与糖尿病正常体重组比较,糖尿病超重组和糖尿病肥胖组的myonectin水平降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与糖尿病超重组比较,糖尿病肥胖组的myonectin水平降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多元逐步回归分析表明,影响T2DM患者BMI的主要因素为myonectin、HOMA-IR、LDL-C、HDL-C、HbA1c。影响HOMA-IR的主要因素为myonectin、BMI、HbA1c、HDL-C。结论 血清myonectin水平在T2DM合并肥胖患者中显著降低,myonectin与胰岛素抵抗密切相关,与糖脂代谢共同参与了肥胖及糖尿病的发生、发展。

纳米SiO_(2)强化CO_(2)地质封存页岩盖层封堵能力机制试验

页岩为CO_(2)盐水层地质封存常见盖层岩石类型,强化盖层封堵能力有利于提高CO_(2)地质埋存量和安全性。为探究随CO_(2)混注纳米SiO_(2)(SNPs)强化盖层封堵能力的有效性和可行性,对CO_(2)地质封存页岩盖层样品开展原地条件下的超临界CO_(2)酸蚀反应试验,基础组为页岩样品-地层水、对照组为页岩样品-地层水+超临界CO_(2)、优化组为页岩样品-地层水+SNPs+超临界CO_(2),并采用核磁共振测试、场发射扫描电镜可视化观测、X射线衍射测试和岩石力学试验,探究CO_(2)酸蚀反应前后的页岩孔隙结构、表面形貌、矿物成分及力学性质特征。结果表明:优化组的大孔孔隙分量及孔隙度和渗透率增大幅度低于对照组;与对照组相比,优化组黏土矿物与碳酸盐岩矿物相对含量损失少,表明随CO_(2)混注SNPs可使岩样内部酸蚀作用减弱;SNPs在岩石端面吸附聚集或进入岩心孔喉,可使优化组页岩样品力学性能损伤程度降低;随CO_(2)混注SNPs有利于强化CO_(2)盐水层地质封存盖层封堵能力。

CO_(2)分注井气嘴节流特性及矿场应用

为了解决CO_(2)分注井节流压差建立困难,气嘴易冲蚀的技术难题,通过构建CO_(2)物性变化的流动-传热耦合模型,揭示2级和3级节流气嘴的流场演化机制,优化设计气嘴结构、建立了绕流气嘴节流图版并开展现场应用。结果表明:流量为10 m3/d时,2级嘴径1.4 mm和3级嘴径1.6 mm的绕流气嘴分别能产生将近6 MPa和8 MPa的节流压差,证明绕流气嘴结构合理、性能可靠、能够达到调整层间压差的技术要求;参照气嘴图版优选的节流气嘴,现场应用20口井,节流压差可达4 MPa左右,调整后注入压力上升2.4 MPa,加强层相对吸气比例由9.7%上升至50.7%,有效调整了层间差异,解决了分注井小层吸气不均的问题。研究结果指导现场测调,为CO_(2)分注规模化应用提供技术支撑。

CeO_(2)-Ps-LaCoO_(3)/Al_(2)O_(3)的制备及其对高浓度有机废水的臭氧催化降解研究

为有效降解高浓度造纸废水有机物,通过电化学沉积法分别在磷酸盐中性缓冲溶液和纯水中制得CeO_(2)-Ps-LaCoO_(3)/Al_(2)O_(3)和CeO_(2)-LaCoO_(3)/Al_(2)O_(3)。通过对CeO_(2)-Ps-LaCoO_(3)/Al_(2)O_(3)、CeO_(2)-LaCoO_(3)/Al_(2)O_(3)以及LaCoO_(3)/Al_(2)O_(3)进行XRD、SEM、析氧过电位和电阻抗等物性表征发现,CeO_(2)-Ps-LaCoO_(3)/Al_(2)O_(3)具有更强催化氧化性及稳定性。对高浓度造纸废水臭氧催化氧化降解3 h后,CeO_(2)-Ps-LaCoO_(3)/Al_(2)O_(3)对废水COD的降解率为76.5%,而相同条件下CeO_(2)-LaCoO_(3)/Al_(2)O_(3)和LaCoO_(3)/Al2O_(3)的化学需氧量(COD)降解率分别为68.5%和63.5%。

WNK2通过抑制ERK1/2/ROS/SHP2信号通路延缓肝细胞癌的增殖和侵袭

目的探讨WNK2对肝细胞癌(hepatocellocellua carcinoma,HCC)中ERK1/2/ROS/SHP2信号通路的影响,并探讨其在HCC细胞增殖和迁移中的作用。方法将WNK2-mimic和sh-RNA WNK2以及相应的阴性对照转染HepG2细胞,采用BALB/c裸鼠皮下成瘤实验检测WNK2对肝细胞癌增殖能力的影响;采用Western Blot检测瘤组织中WNK2、p40、gp90、p-SHP2、p-AKT和p-ERK1/2的表达;使用SHP2抑制剂PHPS1进行处理之后,采用Western Blot检测HepG2细胞中WNK2、p40、gp90、p-SHP2、p-AKT和p-ERK1/2的表达;使用细胞划痕实验和Transwell检测HepG2细胞的迁移能力和侵袭能力;采用单克隆增殖实验和CCK-8检测HepG2细胞的增殖能力。结果与sh-NC组相比,sh-RNA WNK2组裸鼠的瘤体体积显著增大(P<0.01);而与NC-mimic组相比,WNK2-mimic组裸鼠的瘤体体积显著减小(P<0.01);Western Blot结果显示,与sh-NC组相比,sh-RNA WNK2组WNK2的表达显著降低(P<0.01),p40、gp90、p-SHP2、p-AKT和p-ERK1/2的表达显著升高(P<0.01);而与NC-mimic组相比,WNK2-mimic组WNK2的表达显著升高(P<0.01),p40、gp90、p-SHP2、p-AKT和p-ERK1/2的表达显著降低(P<0.01);在体外实验当中,相对于sh-NC组,sh-RNA WNK2组中WNK2的表达显著降低(P<0.01),p40、gp90、p-SHP2、p-AKT和p-ERK1/2的表达显著升高(P<0.01);相对于sh-NC+PHPS1组,sh-RNA WNK2+PHPS1组中WNK2的表达显著降低(P<0.01),而p40、gp90、p-SHP2、p-AKT和p-ERK1/2的表达则被逆转并且与sh-NC+PHPS1组不具有显著性差异(P>0.05);细胞划痕实验和Transwell结果显示,相对于sh-NC组,sh-RNA WNK2组HepG2细胞的迁移和侵袭能力显著升高(P<0.01);sh-NC+PHPS1组和sh-RNA WNK2+PHPS1组HepG2细胞的迁移和侵袭能力显著降低并且不具有显著性差异(P>0.05);单克隆增殖实验结果显示,相对于sh-NC组,sh-RNA WNK2组HepG2细胞的增殖能力显著升高(P<0.01),而sh-NC+PHPS1组和sh-RNA WNK2+PHPS1组HepG2细胞的增殖能力显著降低并且不具有显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论WNK2可以抑制ERK1/2/ROS/SHP2信号通路,从而抑制ERK1/2/AKT信号通路,延缓HCC的增殖和迁移。

姜酮通过激活Nrf2/HO-1信号通路减轻OGD/R后氧化应激损伤对HT22细胞凋亡的抑制作用

目的:探讨姜酮对氧糖剥夺/复糖复氧(OGD/R)后小鼠海马神经元HT22细胞的保护作用,阐明其相关作用机制。方法:培养HT22细胞,设置不同OGD/R时间梯度,建立OGD/R细胞损伤模型。HT22细胞分为对照组、OGD/R组、OGD/R+1μmol·L^(-1)姜酮组、OGD/R+10μmol·L^(-1)姜酮、OGD/R+100μmol·L^(-1)姜酮组和OGD/R+0.2%二甲亚枫(DMSO)组,CCK-8法检测各组细胞活性并计算各组细胞存活率,确定姜酮最适药物浓度。细胞分为对照组、OGD/R组、OGD/R+姜酮组和OGD/R+姜酮+核因子E2相关因子2(Nrf2)抑制剂(ML385)组,OGD/R+姜酮组细胞经姜酮给药处理4 h后予以OGD 8 h和复糖复氧8 h处理,OGD/R+姜酮+ML385组细胞在姜酮给药前予以10μmol·L^(-1)ML385预处理6 h,CCK-8法检测各组细胞活性,Western blotting法检测各组细胞中Nrf2、血红素加氧酶1(HO-1)、B细胞淋巴瘤2(Bcl-2)和Bcl-2相关X蛋白(Bax)蛋白表达水平,酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)法检测各组细胞培养上清中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和丙二醛(MDA)水平。结果:与对照组比较,HT22细胞经OGD 8 h和复糖复糖8 h处理后细胞存活率低于50%,以OGD 8 h和复糖复糖8 h建立HT22细胞OGD/R模型。与OGD/R组比较,OGD/R+不同剂量姜酮组细胞存活率均不同程度升高,其中OGD/R+100μmol·L^(-1)姜酮组细胞存活率升高最明显(P<0.01),故选用100μmol·L^(-1)姜酮用于后续实验。与对照组比较,OGD/R组细胞活性明显降低(P<0.01),细胞中Nrf2、HO-1和Bax蛋白表达水平明显升高(P<0.01),Bcl-2蛋白表达水平明显降低(P<0.05),细胞培养上清中SOD活性明显降低(P<0.01),MDA水平明显升高(P<0.01);与OGD/R组比较,OGD/R+姜酮组细胞活性明显升高(P<0.01),细胞中Nrf2、HO-1和Bcl-2蛋白表达水平明显升高(P<0.05或P<0.01),Bax蛋白表达水平明显降低(P<0.05),细胞培养上清中SOD活性明显升高(P<0.01),MDA水平明显降低(P<0.01);与OGD/R+姜酮组比较,OGD/R+姜酮+ML385组细胞活性明显降低(P<0.01),细胞中Nrf2、HO-1和Bcl-2蛋白表达水平明显降低(P<0.01),Bax蛋白表达水平明显升高(P<0.01),细胞培养上清中SOD活性明显降低(P<0.01),MDA水平明显升高(P<0.05)。结论:姜酮可通过激活Nrf2/HO-1信号通路减轻OGD/R后氧化应激损伤对HT22细胞凋亡的抑制作用。

海洋CO_(2)地质封存研究进展与发展趋势

CO_(2)捕集、利用和封存是中国实现“双碳”目标的核心技术,也是全球研究的热点。CO_(2)地质封存是其中的关键环节,特别是海洋CO_(2)地质封存是今后的重点发展方向。以国内外海洋CO_(2)地质封存的发展历程为基础,结合典型CO_(2)海洋封存示范项目案例,系统梳理了国内外海洋CO_(2)地质封存理论研究进展,分析了CO_(2)在井筒流动、相变与传热、CO_(2)流体运移与储层物性参数展布规律、海洋地质封存机制及封存潜力、地质封存盖层完整性及安全性评估等方面的研究现状。认识到中国目前对海底地质结构中CO_(2)注入过程的多相态转化、溶解、捕获传质特征及动力学特性认识尚浅,对海洋封存机制及不同封存机制之间的相互作用机理尚不明确,未来应开展海洋CO_(2)动态地质封存空间重构机制研究,解决地质封存相态转化及流体动态迁移机理等关键科学问题,揭示海洋CO_(2)地质封存机制的相互作用机理,形成适用于中国海洋地质封存CO_(2)高效注入和增效封存方法。

黄铁矿在CO_(2)气氛下非等温氧化转化及动力学分析

针对煤中常见含铁矿物黄铁矿在富氧燃烧典型气氛下转化特性,通过同步热分析结合烟气分析研究了黄铁矿在CO_(2)气氛下的转化行为.结果发现,黄铁矿在CO_(2)气氛下主要经历5个失重阶段且均为吸热过程,首先是黄铁矿颗粒表面硫脱除的起始热解段(相界面反应,n=1/2),活化能低于其在N_(2)气氛下近30 kJ/mol,为220.27 kJ/mol,随后裂解成磁黄铁矿(三维扩散,n=1/2)活化能与其在N_(2)(177.27 kJ/mol)下接近为178.1 kJ/mol;温度高于690℃,随着升温磁黄铁矿缓慢失硫,CO_(2)逐渐参与磁黄铁矿转化且释放SO_(2)和CO;820~1150℃经历双峰失重峰阶段,820~1020℃,氧化气体产物SO_(2)大量生成且在约1000℃达到体积浓度峰值;最后1020~1150℃,坩埚中残留物大量与CO_(2)持续氧化反应失重形成SO_(2)和CO,坩埚中形成复杂物相体系,铁硫化物和铁氧化物共存(或共融).CO_(2)参与黄铁矿产物转化失重阶段活化能分别为180.94 kJ/mol、229.69 kJ/mol和243.46 kJ/mol,动力学机制均为成核与生长(n=1).