Synthesis and Characterization of the Terpolymer of Itaconic Acid with Acrylamide and 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic Acid

The terpolymer of itaconic acid, acrylamide and 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propane sulfonic acid was synthesized through the free-radical polymerization. The IR spectra confirmed that there was no olefinic band, while the TGA results revealed that the terpolymer was of high thermal stability.

Effect of AMPS(2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid) content on the properties of polymer gels

The BST oilfield in the northwestern Taklamakan Desert is a fractured carbonate reservoir,but issues of water breakthrough are becoming increasingly severe with the development of water flooding.Unfortunately,the high-temperature and high-salt conditions(130°C,71695 mg/L)of the BST oilfield pose challenges for the development of plugging agents.In this study,the effects of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid(AMPS)content on AM/AMPS copolymers and gels were studied through viscosity measurements,nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR),and cryo-scanning electron microscope(Cryo-SEM).Moreover,the AMPS stabilization mechanism of the polymers and gels was explained.Heatresistant and salt-tolerant gel systems were developed,and their gelation properties,thermal stability,injection capacity,and plugging ability were evaluated.Experimental results showed inconsistencies between the effects of AMPS content on the polymers and gels.For the polymers,the thermal stability increased with increased AMPS content in the polymer.However,excessive AMPS content resulted in poor gelation and low strength.The developed gel systems with S30 polymer(AMPS content is approximately 26%)exhibited excellent thermal stability,controllable gelation time,good injection capacity,and plugging ability.The field application results indicated that most production wells had a positive response,with reduced water-cut and increased daily oil production.

Chemical Modification of Scraped Tires through Grafting with 2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropansulfonic Acid

Scrap vulcanized rubber is amongst a bigger waste polymers. It does not decompose easily owing to its cross linked structure. Modification of scrap tires powder by the grafting with 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS) is described. The grafting is achieved through free radical initiation. The effects of different amount of monomer and initiator were examined. Also the influence of reaction time and temperature were investigated. The grafted waste rubber was characterized by FT/IR, SEM and DSC measurements. The proposed mechanism of the grafting reaction is discussed. From DSC and SEM studies of WR-g-AMPS compared with PAMPS and WR, the results show that the particle size and crystallinity were enhanced for the grafted copolymers. The obtained modified scraped tires will used as an ion exchanger for the future applications.

COPOLYMERS OF 2-ACRYLAMIDO-2-METHYL-1-PROPANESULFONIC ACID/MALEIC ACID:SYNTHESIS,CHARACTERIZATION AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY

2-Acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid （AMPS）, and maleic acid （MA） copolymerized with different feed ratios using N,N-dimethylformamide as a solvent and benzoyl peroxide （Bz2O2） as an initiator at 70℃. Structure and composition of copolymers for a wide range of monomer feed were determined by elemental analysis （content of N for AMPS-units）. Monomer reactivity ratios for AMPS （M1）-MA （M2） pair were determined by the application of conventional linearization methods such as Fineman-Ross （F-R）, Kelen-Tudos（KT） and Extended Kelen-Tudos （EKT） and a nonlinear error invariable model method using a computer program RREVM. The characterizations were done by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR）, differential scanning calorimetry （DSC） thermal gravimetry analysis （TGA）, and and X-ray diffraction. The antimicrobial effects of polymers were also tested on various bacteria, and yeast.

γ-Mo_(2)N/C催化剂的合成及其甲酸脱氢性能研究

甲酸(FA)因其H含量较高(4.4%)、易产H_(2)、可经小平台化合物合成等优势受到广泛关注,而γ-Mo_(2)N/C对FA沿H_(2)和CO_(2)路径分解具有非常高的选择性,产生CO极少,显示出较高的应用价值。基于此,本研究采用对苯二胺和钼酸铵水溶液经前驱体制备γ-Mo_(2)N/C催化剂,并对其FA分解性能进行了原位评价,采用热重分析(TG)、X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)等表征手段对催化剂的结构和表面官能团进行了分析,利用DFT对FA在γ-Mo_(2)N (200)晶面的吸附构型进行了计算,在此基础上,对催化剂性能及FA在其表面的分解机理进行了研究。结果表明,γ-Mo_(2)N/C在较低温度下即可表现出极高的催化活性,提高γ-Mo_(2)N在C载体上的分散性能有效改善FA转化率。对苯二胺与钼酸铵的物质的量比为4∶1时,催化性能最佳,在160℃、100 h的FA分解实验中,催化剂性能稳定、H_(2)选择性高(N_(2)40 mL/min, CO<5.0×10^(-5))。而DFT计算表明,FA中O-H键的H原子与γ-Mo_(2)N/C (200)晶面上N原子结合的可能性更大,而C=O键的O原子更有可能与γ-Mo_(2)N/C (200)晶面上Mo原子结合。上述结果有助于明确FA在γ-Mo_(2)N/C作用下的分解机理,也显示出非贵金属催化剂γ-Mo_(2)N/C在FA分解制H_(2)方面潜在的应用前景。

Br?nsted acid catalyzed addition of N^1-p-methyl toluenesulfonyl triazole to olefins for the preparation of N^2-alkyl 1,2,3-triazoles with high N^2-selectivity

An efficient new method has been developed to synthesize N2‐alkyl 1,2,3‐triazole products by tol‐uenesulfonic acid （TsOH） catalyzed addition of N1‐Ts substituted 1,2,3‐triazoles to olefins. The reac‐tions of monosubstituted and unsubstituted triazole substrates with various olefins, including vinyl esters, are explored.

CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF BINUCLEAR Y(Ⅲ) COMPLEX WITH p-METHYLBENZOIC ACID, Y_2(p-CH_3C_6H_4COO)_6(C_(12)H_8N_2)_2

Y_2(p-CH_3C_6H_4COO)_6(C_(12)H_8N_2)_2, Mr=1349.08, triclinic, space group P, a=13.00(3), b=19.743(2), c=12.754(3)A, α=97.94(1), β=106.24(2), γ=91.66(1)°, V=3177(1)~3, Z=2, Dc=1.41gcm^(-3), λ(MoKα)=0.71069, μ=18.92 cm^(-1), F(ooo)=1384, T=295K, final R=0.073 for 6504 observed reflections with Ⅰ>36(Ⅰ). There are two nonidentical binuclear molecules with different bridging connection patterns in a cell. One has four bridging carboxyl groups bound two Y(Ⅲ) ions and another only has two. The Y-Y distance is 4.196 for the former and 5.302 for the latter respectively.

Pathogenicity and amino acid sequences of hemagglutinin cleavage site and neuraminidase stalk of differently passaged H9N2-avian influenza virus in broilers

Low pathogenic Avian Influenza (AI) virus has the ability to evolve to high pathogenic viruses resulting in significant economic losses in the poultry sector. This study aims at assessing the impact of H9N2 viral passaging in broilers and its relatedness to pathogenicity and amino acid (a.a) sequences of the hemagglutinin (HA) cleavage site and neuraminidase (NA) stalk. The original H9N2 AI virus (P0) was used to challenge ten-21 days old broilers. Individual recovery of H9N2 virus from homogenates of trachea, lungs and airsacs was attempted in 9 days old chicken embryos, as a conclusion of the first passage (P1). Tracheal isolates of H9N2 were passaged for a second (P2) and a third (P3) time in broilers, followed by a similar embryonic recovery procedure. The a.a. sequence of a part of HA1 cleavage site and Neuraminidase stalk were compared among the differently passaged viruses;an assessement of the relatedness of the determined a.a. sequences to the pathogenicity in broilers, based on frequency of mortality, morbidity signs, gross and microscopic lesions at 3 days post challenge with the P1, P2, and P3-H9N2, is concluded. An increase in certain morbidity signs and specific lesions was observed in P2- and P3-H9N2 challenged broilers compared to birds challenged with P1-H9N2. A conserved R-S-S-R amino acid sequence at the HA1 cleavage site was observed in the differently passaged H9N2, associated with a variability in the NA stalk-a.a sequences. The passaging of the low pathogenic H9N2 virus in broilers leads to a trend of increase in pathogenicity, manifested in higher frequency of morbidity signs, and of specific gross and microscopic lesions of the examined organs. This passaging was associated with a conserved a.a. sequence of the hemaglutinin cleavage site and a variability in the sequence of the neuraminidase stalk. A detailed study of the potential of the detected variability in the neuraminidase stalk of H9N2 in induction of a higher pathogenicity in broilers will be the subject of future investigations.

6-(N,N-Dimethylamino)-2-naphthoylacryl Acid:a Highly Selective and Sensitive Fluorescent Sensor of Copper(Ⅱ)

A novel fluorescent probe,6-（N,N-dimethylamino）-2-naphthoylacryl acid（ACADAN） was designed and synthesized as a fluorescent sensor for Cu^2＋ in aqueous media.Significant amplification of fluorescence signals without causing any discernible change of maximum fluorescence emission wavelength（λ max） was observed upon the addition of Cu^2＋.Importantly,ACADAN is capable of recognizing Cu^2＋ selectively in aqueous media in the presence of various biologically relevant metal ions and the prevalent toxic metal ions in the environment with high sensitivity（detection limit was 0.1 μmol/L）.

A Novel 2D Architecture from Bismuth and Flexible Ligand N,N'-Diacetic Acid Imidazolium Chloride

A new compound {[Bi（trans-DAM）（cis-DAM）（H2O）]NO3·H2O}n 1 derived from bismuth and the flexible ligand N,N＇-diacetic acid imidazolium chloride （H2DAMCl） was obtained by hydrothermal synthesis and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Compound 1 crystallizes in the monoclinic P21/c space group with a = 9.2298（18）, b = 13.339（3）, c = 17.090（3） , β = 105.38（2）°, V = 2028.7（7）A^3, Z = 4, C14H18N5O13Bi, Mr = 673.31, Dc = 2.204 g/cm^3, F（000） = 1296, μ = 8.772 mm-1, the final R = 0.0472 and wR = 0.1441 for 4129 observed reflections （I 〉 2σ（I））. In 1, the carboxylic groups from DAM- ligands adopt a cheating mode to link bismuth ions to form a 2D sheet network. These sheets are further connected by hydrogen bonding interactions to give an interesting 3D supramolecular framework. 2D correlation analysis of IR of 1 with thermal and magnetic perturbation was introduced to ascertain the characteristic adsorption of the groups overlapped in the 1D IR spectrum. Additionally, compound 1 exhibits fluorescent emission at room temperature.

One-pot synthesis of 2-(1-acyloxypentyl)benzoic acids

A one-pot synthesis of 2-（1-acyloxypcntyl） benzoic acids by trapping the carboxylatc/alkoxide dianion with acylating reagents following Grignard addition with n-BuMgBr to 2-formylbcnzoic acid was described. Compared with routine synthetic method, this novel procedure has the advantage of convenient operation and higher yields.

DFT Study on Intermolecular Cleavage Reaction of N-(2-Hydroxyphenyl)-phthalamic Acid

The reaction mechanisms of intermolecular cleavage reaction of N-（2-hydroxyphenyl）-phthalamic acid were studied via the density functional theory（DFT）. All geometries of the reactant, transition states, and products were optimized at the B3LYP/6-31G（d, p） level. Vibration analysis was carried out to confirm its identity as transitions＇ structure, and the intrinsic reaction coordinate method（IRC） was used to search the minimum energy path. Two possible reaction channels are reported in this article. The calculated results indicate that O-cyclization reaction channel has the lower activation barrier, and therefore, it occurs more easier than the other.

Synthesis, Resolution, and Enantiomeric Purity Assay of 2-n-Butylbutanedioic Acid 4-t-Butyl Esters

Racemic 2-n-butylbutanedioic acid 4-t-butyl esters were synthesized from methyl hexanoate and t-butyl α-iodoacetate via alkylation and subsequently selective hydrolyzation. The （R）-and （S）-2-n-butylbutanedioic acid 4-t-butyl esters were obtained by the resolution of the above-mentioned racemic compounds with（S）-（ - ） or（R）-（ ＋ ）-α- methylbenzylamine, respectively. The e.e. values of the two optical active products were determined to be above 99% by HPLC after the formation of two pairs of diastereoisomers with（R）-（ ＋ ）-α-methylbenzylamine and（S）- phenylalanine methyl ester.

N-(2-吡咯甲酰基)氨基酸甲酯的合成

在室温条件下 ,氨基酸甲酯和 2 三氯乙酰基吡咯经酰基化反应 ,以 80 3 %～ 95 6%的产率合成了系列N ( 2 吡咯甲酰基 )氨基酸甲酯 ,通过1HNMR ,IR ,MS和元素分析对其结构进行了表征 .

N-(2-甲氧基-5-甲酰基苄基)亚胺基二乙酸的合成及表征

以 4 甲氧基苯甲醛为原料 ,在无水氯化锌催化下 ,用浓盐酸和 4 0 %甲醛溶液进行氯甲基化反应制得取代氯苄 ,再以新制的无水碳酸钾为质子吸收剂、干燥的乙腈为溶剂 ,与亚氨基二乙酸二乙酯进行N 烷基化反应 .然后用Ba(OH)2 水悬浮液进行水解得到N ( 2 甲氧基 5 甲酰基苄基 )亚胺基二乙酸的钡盐沉淀 ,最后用稀硫酸处理得到N ( 2 甲氧基 5 甲酰基苄基 )亚胺基二乙酸 .该方法产率高、工艺简单 .通过1HNMR。

N-硫代酰基硫乙酸功能化三乙撑四胺交联PVC树脂的制备及对Hg^(2+)的吸附

以聚氯乙烯为原料依次与四乙烯五胺、CS2和ClCH2COONa反应合成了一种新的含N、O、S的N-硫代酰基硫乙酸功能化三乙撑四胺交联聚氯乙烯螯合树脂,树脂结构经红外分析和元素分析表征。探讨了在不同pH值、Hg2+初始浓度、吸附温度和时间等条件下合成树脂对Hg2+的吸附性能。结果表明,螯合树脂对Hg2+有较快的吸附速率,pH值约为2.0时,树脂对Hg2+的吸附效果最好,随温度升高吸附量逐渐增大。温度在35℃、Hg2+起始浓度为17.66mmol/L时,树脂对Hg2+的吸附量可达3.330mmol/g。树脂对Hg2+的吸附符合Langmuir和Freundlich等温式。用0.2mol/LHNO3-10%硫脲对吸附后的树脂进行洗脱,脱附率达99.20%。

N-甲基-D-天门冬氨酸受体介导缺氧SD大鼠PO/AH区神经元Ca^(2+)浓度的变化

目的研究N-甲基-D-天门冬氨酸(NMDA)受体特性,探讨NMDA对缺氧大鼠PO/AH区神经元Ca2+浓度的影响。方法给大鼠应用NMDA受体激动剂NMDA和拮抗剂丙戊酸,观察其在正常和缺氧条件下对PO/AH区神经细胞内Ca2+浓度的影响。结果在正常条件下,细胞内Ca2+荧光比值为0.95,第40秒加入NMDA后[Ca2+]i的荧光强度迅速增高,25s后达到峰值2.054,并稳定在此水平,其升幅为(109±52)%,加入激动剂后30 s内达到峰值3.783,并持续稳定在此水平,加入NMDA后[Ca2+]i升高了(286±91)%;缺氧条件下神经元[Ca2+]i在加入丙戌酸后由平台向下的降幅为(103±45)%。结论[Ca2+]i的升高主要是由于NMDA受体通道开放,细胞外游离Ca2+易化扩散入胞内所致,丙戊酸可有效地降低NMDA受体活性,从而使细胞内游离Ca2+浓度明显下降,具有保护神经元免受缺氧损伤的作用。

N,N-二(2-氯乙基)芥酸酰胺的合成及其抗肿瘤作用的研究

目的首次合成未见报道的N,N-二(2-氯乙基)芥酸酰胺,探讨其体内外抗肿瘤活性。方法①以芥酸和双(2-氯乙基)胺盐酸盐为原料、吡啶为催化剂合成N,N-二(2-氯乙基)芥酸酰胺,分离纯化后核磁共振谱确证结构;②用N,N-二(2-氯乙基)芥酸酰胺作用于Tca8113,用倒置显微镜镜下观察其对Tca8113细胞的生长状况的影响,PI染色经流式细胞术分析其杀伤效应;③S180小鼠动物肿瘤模型观察N,N-二(2-氯乙基)芥酸酰胺对肿瘤的体内抑制作用。结果合成出了N,N-二(2-氯乙基)芥酸酰胺并确证了其结构;N,N-二(2-氯乙基)芥酸酰胺于体外0.15～10.0μg/ml的浓度范围对Tca8113有较强的杀伤效应,杀伤率均超过30%,但与浓度递增无明显的正相关,在100.0μg/ml以上的浓度反而杀伤效果不佳;体内抑制S180的生长,剂量为5mg/kg时,抑制作用最好,生命延长率为38.20%,体重平均增长速率为2.45%。结论采用微型合成法能够快速、方便地合成出N,N-二(2-氯乙基)芥酸酰胺;N,N-二(2-氯乙基)芥酸酰胺在在体内外具有明显的抗肿瘤活性。

Keggin型杂多酸催化合成1-乙酰胺基苯甲基-2-萘酚

以2-萘酚、苯甲醛和乙酰胺为原料、Keggin型杂多酸及磷钨酸盐为催化剂,采用无溶剂一步法经多组分缩合反应合成了1-乙酰胺基苯甲基-2-萘酚(AAN);比较了一系列Keggin型杂多酸及磷钨酸盐的催化效果。实验结果表明,磷钨酸的催化活性最高。同时考察了在磷钨酸催化剂作用下,催化剂用量、反应温度、原料配比和反应时间对AAN收率的影响,确定了适宜的反应条件:磷钨酸用量为反应物总质量的8.0%、n(苯甲醛)∶n(乙酰胺)∶n(2-萘酚)=1.15∶1.00∶1.00、反应温度120℃、反应时间40min;在此条件下,AAN的收率达到100.0%。该工艺具有催化剂用量较少、AAN收率高、反应速率快、后处理简单及产物色泽好等优点。

2-(2-噻唑偶氮)-5-[(N,N-二羧基甲基)氨基]苯甲酸浸渍树脂吸附金的特性及应用

用1300－Ⅱ型吸附树脂吸附噻唑偶氮类试剂制取浸渍树脂。研究了树脂对试剂和对金的吸附率及其与溶液pH值的关系，求得浸渍树脂吸附金的平衡速率和吸附容量，并在条件试验基础上拟订了柱操作分离富集微量金的方法，获得了满意的结果。