Highly Dispersed Pd Nanoparticles Supported on Zr-Doped MgAl Mixed Metal Oxides for 2-Ethylanthraquinone Hydrogenation

In this study,Pd-Mg(Al)-LDH/γ-Al2O3 and Pd-Mg(Al)Zr-LDH/γ-Al2O3 precursors were synthesized by impregnating Na2PdCl4 on Mg(Al)-LDH/γ-Al2O3 and Mg(Al)Zr-LDH/γ-Al2O3,and then the precursors were calcinated and reduced to obtain Pd-Mg(Al)-MMO/γ-Al2O3 and Pd-Mg(Al)Zr-MMO/γ-Al2O3 catalysts.Compared with Pd/γ-Al2O3 catalyst,the hydrogenation efficiency of Pd-Mg(Al)-MMO/γ-Al2O3 and Pd-Mg(Al)Zr-MMO/γ-Al2O3 increased by 15.7%and 24.0%,respectively.Moreover,the stability of Pd-Mg(Al)Zr-MMO/γ-Al2O3 catalyst was also higher than that of Pd/γ-Al2O3.After four runs,the hydrogenation efficiency of Pd/γ-Al2O3 decreased from 12.1 to 10.0 g/L,while that of Pd-Mg(Al)Zr-MMO/γ-Al2O3 decreased from 15.0 to 14.3 g/L.The active aquinones selectivities of all catalysts were almost 99%.The structures of the catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),N2 adsorption–desorption,inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry(ICP-AES),CO chemisorption analysis,transmission electron microscopy(TEM),temperature-programmed reduction with hydrogen(H2-TPR),and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).The results indicate that the improved catalytic performance is attributed to the stronger interaction between Pd and Mg(Al)Zr-MMO/γ-Al2O3,smaller Pd particle size and higher Pd dispersion.This work develops an effective method to synthesize highly dispersed Pd nanoparticles based on the layered double hydroxides(LDHs)precursor.

A Green Synthesis of 2-Ethylanthraquinone by Dehydration of 2-(4'-ethylbenzoyl) benzoic Acid over Solid Acid Catalysts

The dehydration of 2-（4＇-ethylbenzoyl） benzoic acid （BE acid） to 2-ethylanthraquinone （2-EAQ） was investigated over solid acid catalysts. The results showed that H-beta zeolite catalyst modified by dilute HNO3 solution exhibited an excellent performance. In our study, the conversion of BE acid can reach 96.7%, and the selectivity to 2-EAQ is up to 99.6%.

Hβ沸石催化剂酸性及晶粒尺寸对2-(4′-乙基苯甲酰基)苯甲酸脱水闭环反应的影响

采用4种不同硅/铝比(n(SiO2)/n(Al2O3))β沸石经柠檬酸改性制备了4种催化剂。采用XRF、XRD、NH3-TPD和SEM等方法对催化剂进行了表征。并将它们用于2-(4′-乙基苯甲酰基)苯甲酸(BEA)脱水闭环合成2-乙基蒽醌(2-EAQ)反应,考察其催化性能。结果表明,在较低反应温度(230℃)下,4种催化剂样品的活性差别很大,n(SiO2)/n(Al2O3)=25的催化剂样品上反应物BEA的转化率为82.2%,而n(SiO2)/n(Al2O3)=38的催化剂样品上BEA的转化率仅为30.3%;在较高反应温度(258℃)下,4种催化剂样品的活性差别较小。结果还表明,β沸石的酸性质对催化剂的催化性能有一定影响,而催化剂晶粒尺寸对其催化性能影响较大,晶粒小,扩散容易,反应活性高;反之,活性较低。

2-(4′-乙基苯甲酰基)苯甲酸催化脱水闭环反应中Hβ沸石催化剂失活和再生的研究

研究了柠檬酸改性的Hβ沸石催化剂在2-(4′-乙基苯甲酰基)苯甲酸(BEA)脱水闭环合成2-乙基蒽醌(2-EAQ)工艺中的失活及再生性能。结果表明,催化剂经过多次重复使用,催化活性下降。通过乙醇洗涤催化剂再焙烧的方法,可以恢复催化剂活性。再生后的催化剂重复使用4次后,BEA的转化率仍然高达99.5%,2-EAQ选择性也高达99.4%。采用TG-DTA对乙醇洗涤前后失活催化剂进行表征,并结合电喷雾质谱API-ES和1HNMR对催化剂上积炭物种的组成进行了定性分析。