miR-21调控TLK2表达对急性髓系白血病细胞增殖和凋亡的影响

目的:探讨mi R-21调控TLK2表达对急性髓系白血病(AML)细胞增殖和凋亡的影响。方法:选取2019年1月至2022年7月在新乡市中心医院收治的70例AML患者,同时选取30例缺铁性贫血患者作为对照组,使用Ficoll密度梯度离心法获取两组患者的骨髓单个核细胞。RT-q PCR测定各组骨髓单个核细胞中mi R-21、TLK2 m RNA的表达水平。使用脂质体转染技术将mimics-mi R-21、mimics-NC、inhibitor-mi R-21、inhibitor-NC及NC转染至HL-60细胞。采用CCK-8法测定各组HL-60转染细胞经阿糖胞苷处理后的活性。TUNEL法测定HL-60转染细胞凋亡率。RT-q PCR测定转染inhibitor-mi R-21后HL-60细胞TLK2 m RNA的表达。结果:AML患者骨髓单个核细胞中mi R-21、TLK2 m RNA的相对表达水平均明显高于对照组患者(均P<0.05)。HL-60细胞经阿糖胞苷处理后,inhibitor-mi R-21组和mimics-mi R-21组的细胞活性均随阿糖胞苷浓度升高显著下降(P<0.05),但在每个阿糖胞苷浓度点,inhibitor-mi R-21组的细胞活性均低于对照组(P<0.05),而mimics-mi R-21组的细胞活性均高于对照组(P<0.05)。inhibitor-mi R-21组的细胞凋亡率显著升高(P<0.05),而mimics-mi R-21组的细胞凋亡率显著降低(P<0.05)。HL-60细胞经inhibitor-mi R-21处理后,TLK2 m RNA的相对表达量明显下降(P<0.05)。结论:mi R-21在AML患者中呈高表达,可能通过抑制TLK2的表达来促使AML细胞凋亡。

血清miR-21、miR-148b、miR-203、miR-370在急性髓系白血病患者中的水平及意义

目的分析微小核糖核酸-21(miR-21)、微小核糖核酸-148b(miR-148b)、微小核糖核酸-203(miR-203)、微小核糖核酸-370(miR-370)在急性髓系白血病患者中的水平及意义。方法选择2020年5月至2022年11月该院收治的急性髓系白血病患者202例作为急性髓系白血病组,选择同期体检健康者242例作为健康对照组。检测并比较两组血清miR-21、miR-148b、miR-203、miR-370水平,比较治疗后不同疗效(完全缓解和非完全缓解)及不同临床特征急性髓系白血病患者血清miR-21、miR-148b、miR-203、miR-370水平,绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析血清miR-21、miR-148b、miR-203、miR-370单独及联合检测对急性髓系白血病的诊断价值。结果急性髓系白血病组血清miR-21水平高于健康对照组(P<0.05),血清miR-148b、miR-203、miR-370水平低于健康对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,202例急性髓系白血病患者非完全缓解117例,完全缓解85例;非完全缓解急性髓系白血病患者血清miR-21水平高于完全缓解患者(P<0.05),血清miR-148b、miR-203、miR-370水平低于完全缓解患者(P<0.05)。不同性别、年龄、骨髓原始细胞比例的急性髓系白血病患者血清miR-21、miR-148b、miR-203、miR-370水平比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);白细胞计数>10×10^(9)/L的急性髓系白血病患者血清miR-21水平高于白细胞计数≤10×10^(9)/L的患者(P<0.05),血清miR-148b、miR-203、miR-370水平低于白细胞计数≤10×10^(9)/L的患者(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析结果显示,血清miR-21、miR-148b、miR-203、miR-370联合检测诊断急性髓系白血病的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.810(95%CI:0.770~0.845),高于miR-21、miR-148b、miR-203、miR-370单项检测诊断的AUC[0.797(95%CI:0.757~0.834)、0.803(95%CI:0.763~0.839)、0.775(95%CI:0.733~0.813)、0.735(95%CI:0.691~0.775)],差异均有统计学意义(Z=2.426,P=0.015;Z=2.152,P=0.033;Z=2.780,P=0.010;Z=3.423,P=0.001)。结论急性髓系白血病患者血清miR-21水平升高,miR-148b、miR-203、miR-370水平降低,且不同白细胞计数及治疗后不同疗效患者血清miR-21、miR-148b、miR-203、miR-370水平也有差异,该4项指标联合检测对急性髓系白血病的诊断准确性更高,也许可作为急性髓系白血病患者诊治的新靶点。

Effects of Hanseniaspora opuntiae C21 on the growth and digestive enzyme activity of juvenile sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicas

The effects of a diet containing Hanseniaspora opuntiae C21 on growth and digestive enzyme activity were estimated in juvenile Apostichopus japonicus. Groups of sea cucumbers were fed diets containing H. opuntiae C21 at 0(control), 10 4, 10 5, and 10 6 CFU(colony-forming units)/g feed. Results showed that after 45 d the specific growth rate(SGR) of sea cucumbers fed a C21-supplemented diet at 10 4 CFU/g feed was significantly higher than that of the control( P < 0.05). Intestinal trypsin and lipase activities were significantly enhanced by C21 administration at 10 4 and 10 5 CFU/g feed compared with the control( P < 0.05). After feeding for 23–42 d, C21 was demonstrated by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis to be present in the intestine of sea cucumbers. In addition, after feeding the C21-supplemented diets for 15 d, the sea cucumbers were switched to an unsupplemented diet and C21 was confirmed to be capable of colonizing the intestine for at least 31 d after cessation of feeding. In conclusion, C21 was shown to successfully colonize the intestine of juvenile A. japonicus via dietary supplementation, and improve growth and digestive enzyme activity.

A study of the relationship between expression level of TRF1 protein and telomerase activity in human acute leukemia

Objective： To study the expression level of TRF1 （telomeric repeat binding factor 1） protein in human acute leukemia and relationship between expression level of TRF1 protein and telomerase, Methods： A quantitative Western±Blot technique was developed using anti±TRF1^33±277 monoclonal antibody and GST±TRFI purity protein as a standard to further determine the expression level of TRF1 protein in total proteins extracted from clinical specimens. Results： Bone marrow tissues of 20 acute leukemia patients were studied, 11 healthy donors＇ bone marrows were taken as a control. The expression level of TRF1 protein was significantly higher （P〈0.01） in normal bone marrow （（2.2174±0.462） μg/μl） than that of acute leukemia patients （（0.7544±0.343） μg/μl）, But there was no remarkable difference between ALL and ANLL patients （（0.6184±0.285） μg/μl vs （0.8454±0.359） μg/μl, P〉0.05）. After chemotherapy, TRFI expression level of patients with complete remission elevated （（0.7724±0.307）/μg/μl vs （1.6834±0,344）μg/μl, P〈0.01 ）, but lower than that of normal （（2.2174±0.462）/μg/μl, P〈0.01）. There was no significantly difference after chemotherapy （（0.7264±0.411） μg/μl vs （0.895±0.339） μg/μl,p〉0.05）. TRF1 expression level of patients with complete remission is higher than that of patients without complete remission （（1,683±0.344）μg/μl vs （0.895±0.339）μg/μl P〈0.01）. All samples were determined for telomerase activity. It was confirmed that the activity of telomerase in normal bone marrow was lower than that of acute leukemia patients （（0.125±0.078） μg/μl vs （0.765±0.284）μg/μl, P〈0.01）. There was no significant difference of expression level ofTRF I protein between ALL and ANLL patients （（0.897±0.290） μg/μl vs （0.677±0.268） μg/μl, P〉0.05）. After chemotherapy, telomerase activity of patients with complete remission decreased （（0.393±0.125） μg/μl）, but was still higher than that of normal （（0.125±0.078） μg/μl, P〈0.01）. Conclusion： The expression level of TRF1 protein has correlativity to the activity of telomerase （P〈0.001）.

新型p-21活化激酶4抑制剂的研发进展

目的研究p-21活化激酶4(p21-activated kinase 4,PAK4)抑制剂在肿瘤治疗中的应用,为新型PAK4抑制剂的研发提供参考。方法从母核结构、共晶结构、药物活性、药代动力学、作用机制等方面,对小分子PAK4抑制剂进行论述。结果在多种PAK4抑制剂结构类型中,苯并呋喃类化合物KPT-9274对PAK4的抑制活性显著,对多种癌症具有抗肿瘤作用,是目前唯一处于临床试验阶段的PAK4抑制剂,可以作为今后PAK4抑制剂设计的基础。结论对苯并呋喃类化合物进一步结构优化,有望获得活性更优的PAK4抑制剂用于抗肿瘤研究。

STUDY ON AUTOINHIBITORY ACTIVITY OF LYMPHOID LEUKEMIA

Autoinhibitory activity has been discovered in murine T lymphocyte leukemia models derived from 615 mice in our lab. It was designated 615 mice leukemia associated inhibitor (LAI-615) . To further confirm whether LAI activity could be found in human leukemia, 6 ALL cases and 2 AML cases were examined. The results showed that 5/6 of ALL and 1/2 of AML cases had detectable LAI activity. The different sensitivities of LAI activity were also found between autologous bone marrow cells and human leukemic cell lines, which indicate that autoinhibitory activity might have individual specificity.

Gossypol acetic acid regulates leukemia stem cells by degrading LRPPRC via inhibiting IL-6/JAK1/STAT3 signaling or resulting mitochondrial dysfunction

BACKGROUND Leukemia stem cells(LSCs)are found to be one of the main factors contributing to poor therapeutic effects in acute myeloid leukemia(AML),as they are protected by the bone marrow microenvironment(BMM)against conventional therapies.Gossypol acetic acid(GAA),which is extracted from the seeds of cotton plants,exerts anti-tumor roles in several types of cancer and has been reported to induce apoptosis of LSCs by inhibiting Bcl2.AIM To investigate the exact roles of GAA in regulating LSCs under different microenvironments and the exact mechanism.METHODS In this study,LSCs were magnetically sorted from AML cell lines and the CD34+CD38-population was obtained.The expression of leucine-rich pentatricopeptide repeat-containing protein(LRPPRC)and forkhead box M1(FOXM1)was evaluated in LSCs,and the effects of GAA on malignancies and mitochondrial RESULTS LRPPRC was found to be upregulated,and GAA inhibited cell proliferation by degrading LRPPRC.GAA induced LRPPRC degradation and inhibited the activation of interleukin 6(IL-6)/janus kinase(JAK)1/signal transducer and activator of transcription(STAT)3 signaling,enhancing chemosensitivity in LSCs against conventional chemotherapies,including L-Asparaginase,Dexamethasone,and cytarabine.GAA was also found to downregulate FOXM1 indirectly by regulating LRPPRC.Furthermore,GAA induced reactive oxygen species accumulation,disturbed mitochondrial homeostasis,and caused mitochondrial dysfunction.By inhibiting IL-6/JAK1/STAT3 signaling via degrading LRPPRC,GAA resulted in the elimination of LSCs.Meanwhile,GAA induced oxidative stress and subsequent cell damage by causing mitochondrial damage.CONCLUSION Taken together,the results indicate that GAA might overcome the BMM protective effect and be considered as a novel and effective combination therapy for AML.

射干麻黄汤对支气管哮喘大鼠巨噬细胞活化及IL-21/STAT3通路调节作用研究

目的探讨射干麻黄汤对支气管哮喘大鼠巨噬细胞活化及白细胞介素(IL)-21/信号转导和转录活化因子3(STAT3)通路调节作用。方法取雄性SD大鼠36只,随机选择6只作为正常组,其余大鼠采用卵清白蛋白致敏法建立支气管哮喘模型。将造模成功大鼠随机分为哮喘组、射干麻黄汤低剂量组、射干麻黄汤中剂量组、射干麻黄汤高剂量组及地塞米松组,每组6只。射干麻黄汤低、中、高剂量组大鼠分别给予1 g/kg、2 g/kg、4 g/kg(以生药含量计)射干麻黄汤灌胃,地塞米松组大鼠给予1 mg/kg地塞米松灌胃,正常组及哮喘组大鼠灌胃等量蒸馏水,均1次/d,连续灌胃20 d。末次灌胃结束后,使用肺功能检测系统测定大鼠肺活量、肺动态顺应性及呼气峰值流速,ELISA法测定肺泡灌洗液中干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)、IL-2、IL-4、IL-13水平,计算肺泡灌洗液中嗜酸性粒细胞及中性粒细胞占比,HE染色法观察肺组织病理学形态,免疫组化法观察肺组织中F4/80蛋白阳性表达情况,Western blot法测定肺组织中IL-21、p-STAT3、STAT3蛋白表达情况。结果与正常组比较,哮喘组大鼠肺活量、肺动态顺应性、呼气峰值流速及肺泡灌洗液中IFN-γ、IL-2水平均明显降低(P均<0.05),肺泡灌洗液中嗜酸性粒细胞占比、中性粒细胞占比、IL-4水平、IL-13水平及肺组织中F4/80蛋白阳性表达相对积分光密度和IL-21蛋白相对表达量、p-STAT3/STAT3比值均明显升高(P均<0.05),肺组织炎症损伤。与哮喘组比较,射干麻黄汤各组及地塞米松组大鼠肺活量、肺动态顺应性、呼气峰值流速及肺泡灌洗液中IFN-γ、IL-2水平均明显升高(P均<0.05),肺泡灌洗液中嗜酸性粒细胞占比、中性粒细胞占比、IL-4水平、IL-13水平及肺组织中F4/80蛋白阳性表达相对积分光密度和IL-21蛋白相对表达量、p-STAT3/STAT3比值均明显降低(P均<0.05),肺组织病理改变明显恢复,且各指标随射干麻黄汤剂量的增加改善更明显。结论射干麻黄汤能够显著改善支气管哮喘大鼠肺功能,缓解气道炎症反应,减轻肺组织病变,其机制可能与抑制肺组织巨噬细胞活化、调节IL-21/STAT3通路有关。

乙肝病毒通过调控miR-21-5p/STAT3通路促进骨髓来源抑制细胞的增殖与活性

目的:探究乙肝病毒(HBV)对骨髓来源抑制细胞(MDSCs)的作用及其机制。方法:C57BL/6小鼠分为正常组和乙肝组,乙肝组建立慢性HBV感染模型,检测小鼠miR-21-5p水平;另将C57BL/6小鼠分为对照组、miR-21-5p阴性对照组、miR-21-5p过表达组和miR-21-5p沉默组,除对照组外其余小鼠注射miR-21-5p干预,除miR-21-5p阴性对照组外,所有小鼠建立慢性HBV感染小鼠模型,检测小鼠miR-21-5p水平及MDSCs数量;将miR-21-5p分别转染小鼠MDSCs,暴露于HBV病毒中,检测p-STAT3(Ser727)、Arginase-1、IL-10及p-STAT3蛋白水平;在培养基中加入Stattic(STAT3抑制剂),检测p-STAT3、Arginase-1以及IL-10蛋白水平。结果:乙肝组miR-21-5p表达水平高于正常组;miR-21-5p阴性对照组相较于对照组miR-21-5p表达水平及MDSCs数量升高,miR-21-5p过表达组相较于miR-21-5p沉默组miR-21-5p表达水平及MDSCs数量升高;小鼠MDSCs感染HBV后p-STAT3(Ser727)、Arginase-1、IL-10及p-STAT3蛋白表达升高,miR-21-5p过表达后p-STAT3(Ser727)、Arginase-1、IL-10及p-STAT3蛋白表达升高;加入Stattic后,p-STAT3、Arginase-1以及IL-10蛋白表达无差异。结论:HBV可能通过调控miR-21-5p/STAT3通路,从而促进MDSCs的增殖与活性。

Compound Astragalus and Salvia miltiorrhiza extract exerts anti-tumor activity by intervening the interaction of microRNA-145/microRNA-21 and Smad3C/3L phos-phorylation in hepatocellular carcinoma

OBJECTIVBE To investigate the intervention of compound Astragalus and Salvia miltiorrhiza extract(CASE) consisted of astragalosides,astragalus polysaccharides and salvianolic acids on the interaction of microRNA-145/microRNA-21(miR-145/miR-21) and Smad3 C/3 L phosphorylation(pSmad3 C/pSmad3 L) down-stream of transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)/mitogen activated protein kinase(MAPK) signaling in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) progression by in vitro and in vivo experi.ments.METHODS In HepG2 cells and xenografts of nude mice,antagomir/agomir and plasmids of Smad3 C/3 L phosphorylation site mutation(Smad3 3 S-A/Smad3 EPSM) were used to intervene miR-145/miR-21 and pSmad3 C/pSmad3 L expression respectively,then incorporative CASE treatment.Cell proliferation,migration,apoptosis,tumor growth and histopathologic characteristics of xenografts,relevant proteins of TGF-β/Smad pathway and miR-145/miR-21 were evaluated.RESULTS CASE up-regulated miR-145 while down-regulated miR-21,inhibited cell proliferation,migration and tumor growth,accelerated cell apoptosis in HepG2 cells respectively transfected with Smad3 WT,Smad3 EPSM,Smad3 3 S-A plasmids in cultured dishes and xenografts of nude mice,the above effects were more evident in HepG2 cells with increased pSmad3 C.In TGF-β1-stimulated HepG2 cells and xenografts of nude mice,CASE antagonized the facilitating effects of miR-145 antagomir/miR-21 agomir on cell migration,proliferation,tumor growth and inhibiting effects of miR-145 antagomir/miR-21 agomir on cell apoptosis;CASE increased miR-145 down-regulated by miR-145 antagomir and decreased miR-21 up-regulated by miR-21 agomir,reduced protein level of pSmad3 L and their proteins including TβRⅡ,pERK1/2,pJNK1/2 and pp38 while elevated pSmad3 C expression.CONCLUSION These results suggest that pSmad3 C/pSmad3 L maybe interact with miR-145/miR-21 in HCC progression,which may be one of important molecular mechanisms of CASE's anti-HCC effects.

溃疡性结肠炎内镜下活动度的影响因素分析及其与FGF21表达水平的关系探究

目的探究成纤维细胞生长因子21(fibroblast growth factor 21,FGF21)表达水平与溃疡性结肠炎(ulcerative colitis,UC)内镜活动度的关系。方法选择2018年6月至2020年6月于我院就诊的92例UC患者作为研究对象,根据UC内窥镜严重程度指数(UC endoscopic index of severity,UCEIS)评分将UC患者分为UC缓解期组(33例)和UC活动期组(59例),另选取同期于我院进行体检的健康人群作为对照组,比较三组的临床资料;再将UC活动期组患者分为轻中度活动UC组(46例)和重度活动UC组(13例),比较两组患者的临床资料;采用Pearson检验分析活动期UC患者FGF21与其他临床指标的相关性;多因素Logistic回归分析影响活动期UC及重度活动UC的因素;ROC曲线分析FGF21对活动期UC和重度活动UC患者的预测价值。结果对照组、UC缓解期组和UC活动期组患者的BMI、Treg依次降低,UCEIS评分、WBC、ESR、CRP、PLT、FGF21、Th17、Th17/Treg依次升高,组间差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);重度活动UC组患者的BMI明显低于轻中度活动UC组患者,UCEIS评分、WBC、ESR、CRP、PLT、FGF21、Th17、Treg、Th17/Treg明显高于轻中度活动UC组患者(P<0.05);活动期UC患者的FGF21分别与BMI、Treg呈负相关,与UCEIS评分、WBC、ESR、CRP、PLT、Th17、Th17/Treg呈正相关(P<0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,WBC、ESR、CRP、PLT、FGF21、Th17/Treg升高是活动期UC及重度活动UC的独立危险因素(P<0.05);FGF21预测活动期UC和重度活动UC的ROC曲线下面积分别为0.869和0.853。结论FGF21与UC的内镜下分期密切相关,且能够反映UC的活动度,具有较高的预测价值。

LncRNA DLEU2对宫颈癌细胞生物学行为、miR-21和Wnt/β-catenin信号通路的影响

目的 探讨长链非编码RNA(lncRNA)淋巴细胞白血病缺失基因2(DLEU2)对宫颈癌细胞生物学行为的影响,并基于miR-21和Wnt/β-连环蛋白(β-catenin)信号通路探讨其作用机制。方法 将宫颈癌HeLa细胞分为对照组、DLEU2干扰组、DLEU2干扰空载组、DLEU2过表达组、DLEU2过表达空载组。除对照组外,给予其他组细胞转染相应的质粒。转染24 h后,检测各组的细胞增殖活性、细胞凋亡情况及凋亡相关蛋白表达水平、细胞周期及细胞周期相关因子的mRNA表达水平、细胞侵袭数量及上皮细胞-间充质转化(EMT)相关蛋白表达水平、miR-21表达水平、Wnt/β-catenin的蛋白及mRNA表达水平。结果 (1)与对照组相比,DLEU2过表达组的细胞增殖活性降低、细胞凋亡率增加、B细胞淋巴瘤2(Bcl-2)蛋白表达水平下调、Bcl-2相关性蛋白X和Caspase-3蛋白表达水平上调(P<0.05)。(2)与对照组相比,DLEU2过表达组的G_(1)期和S期细胞比例降低、G_(2)期细胞比例升高、细胞周期相关因子的mRNA表达水平下调(P<0.05)。(3)与对照组相比,DLEU2过表达组的细胞侵袭数减少,神经型钙黏蛋白表达水平下调,上皮型钙黏蛋白表达水平上调(P<0.05)。(4)与对照组相比,DLEU2过表达组的miR-21表达水平及Wnt3a、β-catenin的mRNA和蛋白表达水平均下调。(5)DLEU2干扰组的上述指标变化均与DLEU2过表达组相反(P<0.05),而两个空载组与对照组相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 DLEU2可能通过调控miR-21及抑制Wnt/β-catenin信号通路活性,从而影响宫颈癌细胞的存活、死亡、EMT和侵袭等生物学行为。

A novel t(3;12)(q21;p13) translocation in a patient with accelerated chronic myeloid leukemia after imatinib and nilotinib therapy

The acquisition of secondary chromosomal aberrations in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients with Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph+) karyotype signifies clonal evolution associated with the progression of the disease to its accelerated or blastic phase. Therefore, these aberrations have clinical and biological significance. T(3;12)(q26;p13), which is a recurrent chromosomal aberration observed in myeloid malignancies, is typically associated with dysplasia of megakaryocytes, multilineage involvement, short duration of any blastic phase, and extremely poor prognosis. We have identified a recurrent reciprocal translocation between chromosomes 3 and 12 with different breakpoint at bands 3q21 in the malignant cells from a 28-year-old man. The patient was initially diagnosed as having Ph+ CML in the chronic phase. The t(3;12)(q21;p13) translocation occurred 4 years after the patient was first diagnosed with CML while undergoing tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy. We confirmed the t(3;12)(q21;p13) translocation via fluorescence in situ hybridization assay by using whole-chromosome paint probes for chromosomes 3 and 12. Our findings demonstrate that, similar to other recurrent translocations involving 3q26 such as t(3;3) and t(3;21), the t(3;12)(q21;p13) translocation is implicated not only in myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia but also in the progression of CML. These findings extend the disease spectrum of this cytogenetic aberration.

Trisomy 21 with t(5; 11) Chromosomal Translocation as New Unfavorable Cytogenetic Abnormalities in Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia Type M2: One Case Report of Nine-year Follow-up and Literature Review

We report one case of pediatric acute myeloid leukemia type 2（AML-M2） who presented with karyotypic aberration of trisomy 21 with the t（5;11） chromosomal translocation. The patient achieved complete remission after two cycles of chemotherapy of daunorubicin, cytarabine and etoposide. Then, follow-up cytogenetic analysis from bone marrow cell cultures demonstrated a normal karyotype of 46, XY. After 9 years, the patient relapsed and the karyotypic abnormalities of trisomy 21 with t（5;11） reappeared. It was concluded that trisomy 21 with t（5; 11） is a new unfavorable cytogenetic aberration in AML-M2.

Antimicrobial activity against periodontopathogenic bacteria,antioxidant and cytotoxic effects of various extracts from endemic Thermopsis turcica

Objective:To investigate the in vitro antimicrobial potential of Thermopsis turcica Kit Tan,Vural&Kckdk against periodoutopathogenie bacteria,its antioxidant activity and cytotoxic effect on various cancer cell lines.Methods:In vitro antimicrobial activities of elhanol.methanol,ethyl acetate(ElAc,n-hexane and water extracts of Thermopsis turcica herb against periodontopathogenic bacteria,Aggregatibacter actinnmycelemconilans ATCC 29523 and Porphyromonas gingivalis ATCC 33277 were tested by agar well diffusion,minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC)and minimal bactericidal concentration(MBC),Antioxidant properties of the extracts were evaluatod by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl radical scavenging activity and p-carotene bleaching methods.Amounts of phenolic contents of the extracts were also analysed by using the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent.Additionally,cytotoxic activity of the extracts on androgcn-insensilivc prostate cancer,androgen—sensitive prostate cancer,chronic myelogenous leukemia and acute promyelocytic leukemia bunian cancer cell lines were determined by 3-4,5-dimelhylthiazol-2-yh-2,5-diphenyltclrazolium bromide assay.Human gingival fibroblast cells were used as a control.Results:Our data showed that ELAc extract had the highest antimicrobial effect on Aggregatibacter actinomycetemitans(MIC:1.562 mg/ml_MHC:3.124 mg/ml.)and Porph yromonas gingiralis(MIC:0.781 mg/mL,MBC:1.562 mg/mL).In antioxidant assays.ElAc extract exhibited also the highest radical scavenging activity[IC_(50)=(30.0±0.3)μg/ml.]and the highest inhibition[(74.35±0.30)%]|against lineloic acide oxidation.The amount of phenolic content of it was also the highest[(l62.5±l.2)μg/mg gallic acid].In cytotoxic assay,only etbanol[IC_(50)=(80.00±1.21)μg/ml.]and EtAc extract[IC_(50)=(70.0±0.9)μg/ml]were toxic on acute promyeloeytic leukemia cells at 20—100μg/mL.P<0.05>.However,no toxic effect was observed on human gingival fibroblast cells.Cunclusions:According to our findings,owing to its antioxidant and cytotoxic potential,EtAc exlrael might include anticancer agents for acute promyelocytic leukemia.

Purification and Biochemical Characterization of Native and Pegylated Form of L-Asparaginase from Aspergillus terreus and Evaluation of Its Antiproliferative Activity

L-asparaginase is a chemotherapeutic drug used in the treatment of lymphoblastic leukemia. In the present study, the extracellular L-asparaginase produced by strain (PC-1.7A) of Aspergillus terreus was purified, characterized, and modified with polyethylene glycol. Moreover, its antiproliferative activity was evaluated. The apparent molecular weight of the enzyme was found to be 136 kDa. The optimal pH and temperature for the enzyme were 9.0℃ and 40℃, respectively. The enzyme retained 100% of the activity at 40℃ for 120 min. Pegylated L-asparaginase was more thermostable and more resistant to trypsin than native enzyme. Native L-asparaginase against human normal cells did not show cytotoxicity. However, in the leukemia cell lines RS4;11 and HL60 the antiproliferative effects of native L-asparaginase were observed after 96 and 72 h of incubation, respectively. For the first time, an L-asparaginase from fungus was evaluated as an antitumor agent in human cells lines and further investigations should be conducted to improve the knowledge about this enzyme.

石胆酸通过上调miR-21表达降低核受体PPARαmRNA的稳定性

目的探讨石胆酸在转录后水平对PPARαmRNA稳定性的调控。方法构建PPARα3'UTR荧光素酶报告基因载体并转染HepG2细胞,比较两种浓度石胆酸处理后荧光素酶活性的变化。结合生物信息学预测,确定石胆酸诱导下差异表达的miRNAs及其在3'UTR上的潜在结合位点,对结合位点进行突变(Mut1、Mut2和Mut1+Mut2),比较石胆酸处理后Mut1、Mut2和Mut1+Mut2荧光素酶活性的变化。利用Westernblot和RT-qPCR检测两种浓度石胆酸处理下信号通路的激活及其下游转录因子基因表达水平,比较不转染对照组和瞬时转染过表达转录因子的PPARα蛋白表达,确定参与石胆酸调控PPARαmRNA稳定性的信号通路和转录因子。结果与对照组相比,100μmol/L石胆酸诱导3'UTR1和3'UTR2片段荧光素酶活力均显著下降超过50%(P<0.01)。miRNAPCRarray筛选发现石胆酸诱导miR-21和miR-22差异表达,100μmol/L石胆酸诱导miR-21表达上调2.35倍(P<0.05)。定点突变3'UTR1中两个预测的miR-21位点,构建了Mut1、Mut2和Mut1+Mut2报告基因载体。相对于对照组,石胆酸下调3'UTR1荧光素酶活性51%,而Mut1、Mut2和Mut1+Mut2分别被下调37%、39%、13%。Westernblot显示石胆酸磷酸化ERK1/2,激活ERK1/2信号通路;100μmol/L石胆酸上调转录因子EGR1基因表达水平5.83倍(P<0.01);瞬时转染过表达EGR1显著下调PPARα蛋白水平(P<0.05)。结论石胆酸通过激活肝细胞中ERK1/2信号通路,诱导早期生长应答因子EGR1和miR-21的表达上调,使miR-21作用于3'UTR调控区,降低PPARαmRNA的稳定性,从而减少PPARα基因和蛋白表达水平。

Correlated Flow Cytometric Analysis of H－ras p21 and DNA Ploidy in Acute Myelogenous Leukemia

The flow cytometric immunoassay was used to study the correlation between the H-ras oncogene product p21 and the DNA ploidy in 30 de novo cases of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). The results showed that 17 cases were negative for p21 expression and 13 positive for p21. The patients with positive p21 had higher percentage of bone marrow and peripheral blasts and lower peripheral leukocyte count. The expression of p21 had no influence on the therapeutic effect. Before treatment,DNA diploidy occurred in 18 cases including 13 p21 negative ones,and DNA aneuploidy was revealed in 12 cases including 8 p21 positive ones. Patients with positive p21 or having aneuploidy in complete remission were at risk for early relapse. Our results suggest that p21 may be involved in the process of leukemogenesis and progression in AML.

Clinical research of biphenotypic acute leukemia witht(8;21)(q22;q22)

Objective:To report 4 cases of biphenotypic acute leukemia(BAL)with t(8;21)(q22;q22),and analyze the characteristics of morphology,immune phenotype,chromosome karyotype(MIC)and clinical manifestations.Methods:The BAL patients with t(8;21)(q22;q22)(group A)were compared with the randomly selected BAL patients with other clonical chromo- somal changes(group B)and acute myeloid leukemia M2 cases with t(8;21)(q22;q22)(group C)in MIC and clinical features. Results:BAL with t(8;21)(q22;q22)showed acute myeloid leukemia with high percentages of blast cells morphologically; revealed co-positive to B-lymphoid and myeloid lineages,frequent and high expressions of CD34 and CD33;were responsive to chemotherapy for myeloid and lymphocytic leukemia simultaneously well.Conclusion:A new subset of BAL with t(8;21)(q22;q22)was reported,and this suggests that the leukemia colony with t(8;21)(q22;q22)might originate from early phase of hematopoiesis.

miR-21-5p靶向JAK/STAT信号通路抑制Th1细胞极化

目的探讨miR-21-5p对1型辅助性T细胞(Th1细胞)极化相关信号通路的调控作用。方法提取小鼠脾单个核细胞,用免疫磁珠阴性分选试剂盒分离初始(naive)CD4^(+)T细胞,用抗小鼠CD3ε,CD28和白细胞介素4(IL-4)单克隆抗体及小鼠IL-12和IL-2混合因子诱导体系诱导初始CD4^(+)T细胞向Th1细胞极化,同时转染miR-21-5p模拟物或模拟物对照,分别命名为Th1诱导组、诱导+模拟物对照组和诱导^(+)miR-21-5p模拟物组,72 h后用流式细胞术检测CD4和干扰素γ(IFN-γ)双阳性(CD4^(+)IFN-γ^(+))细胞百分比;用实时荧光定量PCR(RT-qPCR)检测Th1细胞极化相关关键转录因子和细胞因子mRNA表达水平;Western印迹法检测Th1细胞极化相关通路关键蛋白及其磷酸化水平。结合双荧光素酶报告系统验证miR-21-5p作用靶标关键细胞因子IFN-γ、信号通路受体IL-12受体β_(1)(IL-12Rβ_(1))和信号转录与转录激活因子1(STAT1)的表达。结果经免疫磁珠分选获得高表达CD62L的初始CD4^(+)T细胞。与Th1诱导组和诱导+模拟物对照组相比,诱导+miR-21-5p模拟物组CD4^(+)IFN-γ^(+)细胞百分比显著降低(P<0.01);Th1细胞极化相关Janus激酶(JAK)/STAT信号通路关键转录因子STAT1(P<0.01)、STAT4(P<0.05)和T盒21转录因子(T-bet)(P<0.01)mRNA表达显著下调,IFN-γ(P<0.01)和IL-12Rβ_(1)(P<0.05)mRNA表达水平亦显著下调,同时STAT1和STAT4蛋白磷酸化水平显著降低(P<0.01)。结合双荧光素酶报告系统结果表明,miR-21-5p模拟物可分别特异性靶向结合IFN-γ(P<0.01),IL-12Rβ_(1)(P<0.01)和STAT1(P<0.05)基因的3′-非翻译区,而对应靶向位点突变后miR-21-5p模拟物不影响其表达。结论miR-21-5p可靶向下调IFN-γ,IL-12Rβ_(1)和STAT1表达,抑制IL-12和IFN-γ介导的JAK/STAT信号通路活化,从而抑制Th1细胞极化。