苯并[a]芘恶性转化细胞THBEc1致裸小鼠原位肺癌模型的构建及血清人源神经纤维网蛋白2对该模型的诊断价值

目的建立苯并[a]芘(BaP)恶性转化人支气管上皮细胞T-16HBE-C1(THBEc1)的裸小鼠原位肺癌模型,评估血清人源神经纤维网蛋白2(NRP2)对该模型的诊断价值。方法12只雄性ICR小鼠随机分为3组,右肺分别一次性注射无菌生理盐水20,30和40μL,观察14 d内小鼠死亡数,以确定小鼠肺内注射安全体积。16只雄性BALB/c-nu裸小鼠随机分为4组:对照组[皮下和肺内同时一次性接种人支气管上皮16HBE(HBE)细胞,皮下1×10^(6),肺内2×10^(5)]、皮下荷瘤模型组(皮下一次性接种THBEc1细胞1×10^(6))、原位肺癌模型组(肺内一次性接种THBEc1细胞2×10^(5)或5×10^(5))。接种后每7 d监测小鼠体重和皮下肿瘤体积;HE染色检测肺肿瘤和皮下肿瘤组织病理特征,计算成瘤率;酶联免疫吸附实验(ELISA)检测裸小鼠血清和胸水中人源NRP2水平;采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线确定血清人源NRP2对THBEc1细胞导致的裸小鼠原位肺癌模型的诊断价值。结果肺内注射40μL无菌生理盐水可致2/4小鼠死亡,20和30μL组未见小鼠死亡,但整体表现欠佳,故后续实验注射体积选择20μL。对照组裸小鼠均未在接种部位检出肿瘤,小鼠体重持续增长;皮下荷瘤模型组祼小鼠全部成瘤,体重显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。接种细胞后第10天,原位肺癌模型5×10^(5)细胞组裸小鼠全部成瘤(4/4);第14天,原位肺癌模型2×10^(5)细胞组裸小鼠3/4成瘤,且2个剂量组小鼠体重均低于对照组(P<0.01,P<0.05),肿瘤组织均呈鳞状细胞癌特征。ELISA结果显示,对照组裸小鼠血清人源NRP2水平均显著低于皮下荷瘤模型(4只)和原位肺癌模型(7只)裸小鼠(P<0.05)。原位肺癌模型组(4只)裸小鼠胸水中均可检出高水平的人源NRP2。ROC曲线显示,血清人源NRP2水平能有效区分THBEc1细胞在裸小鼠肺内是否成瘤,最佳截断值为123.00 ng·L^(-1)。结论通过肺内注射接种THBEc1细胞建立了裸小鼠原位肺癌模型,血清人源NRP2可用于该模型诊断。

Effects of C2 hemisection on respiratory and cardiovascular functions in rats

High ce rvical spinal co rd injuries induce permanent neuromotor and autonomic deficits.These injuries impact both central respiratory and cardiovascular functions through modulation of the sympathetic nervous system.So far,cardiovascular studies have focused on models of complete contusion or transection at the lower cervical and thoracic levels and diaphragm activity evaluations using invasive methods.The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of C2 hemisection on different parameters representing vital functions(i.e.,respiratory function,cardiovascular,and renal filtration parameters)at the moment of injury and 7 days post-injury in rats.No ventilatory parameters evaluated by plethys mography were impacted during quiet breathing after 7 days post-injury,whereas permanent diaphragm hemiplegia was observed by ultrasound and confirmed by diaphragmatic electromyography in anesthetized rats.Interestingly,the mean arterial pressure was reduced immediately after C2 hemisection,with complete compensation at 7 days post-injury.Renal filtration was unaffected at 7 days post-injury;however,remnant systolic dysfunction chara cterized by a reduced left ventricular ejection fraction persisted at 7 days post-injury.Taken together,these results demonstrated that following C2 hemisection,diaphragm activity and systolic function are impa cted up to 7 days post-injury,whereas the respiratory and cardiovascular systems display vast ada ptation to maintain ventilatory parameters and blood pressure homeostasis,with the latter likely sustained by the remaining descending sympathetic inputs spared by the initial injury.A better broad characterization of the physiopathology of high cervical spinal cord injuries covering a longer time period post-injury could be beneficial for understanding evaluations of putative therapeutics to further increase cardiorespiratory recovery.

K^＋和Na^＋在C3S-纳米SiO2浆体上的吸附和脱附特性

采用分析纯试剂合成的C_3S和纳米SiO_2水化制备浆体,利用ζ-电位仪、X-射线衍射仪和N2-吸附脱附表征浆体的电性能、物相组成和比表面积,研究了用去离子水拌合的浆体对K^+和Na^+的吸附与脱附性能和用碱溶液拌合的浆体持留K^+和Na^+的能力。结果表明:在碱溶液中,采用去离子水拌合的C_3S-纳米SiO_2浆体粉末吸附K^+和Na^+的量随碱溶液浓度的升高而增大;采用碱溶液拌合的浆体粉末经去离子水充分洗涤后,浆体中仍残留部分K^+和Na^+。纳米SiO_2掺量越大,浆体对K^+和Na^+的吸附能力越大。采用去离子水拌合的C_3S-纳米SiO_2浆体粉末对K^+和Na^+的吸附主要是物理吸附。浆体对K^+和Na^+的吸附无明显选择性。

血清S-100β和hs-CRP水平与老年2型糖尿病患者认知功能的相关性研究

目的分析血清S-100β和超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)水平与老年2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者认知功能的相关性。方法选取2015年2月—2017年2月收治的96例T2DM患者纳入观察组,同时选取健康体检者60例纳入对照组。回顾性分析两组的临床资料,检测受试者血清S-100β、hs-CRP水平,应用简明精神状态量表(MMSE)评估认知功能,分析血清S-100β和hs-CRP与认知功能的相关性。结果观察组MMSE量表的各维度评分均明显低于对照组,且血清S-100β、hs-CRP水平和认知障碍发生率均明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。与未合并认知障碍组比较,合并认知障碍组的血清S-100β和hs-CRP水平明显升高(P<0.05)。T2DM患者MMSE量表评分与血清S-100β和hs-CRP水平呈负相关性(r=-0.462和-0.381,P=0.024和0.041)。结论血清S-100β和hs-CRP水平可作为评价T2DM患者认知功能的非侵入性指标,故临床针对这些指标进行早期识别、合理干预,对改善患者生活质量有重要意义。

Hybrid connectionist model determines CO_2–oil swelling factor

In-depth understanding of interactions between crude oil and CO2 provides insight into the CO2-based enhanced oil recovery（EOR） process design and simulation. When CO2 contacts crude oil, the dissolution process takes place. This phenomenon results in the oil swelling, which depends on the temperature, pressure, and composition of the oil. The residual oil saturation in a CO2-based EOR process is inversely proportional to the oil swelling factor. Hence, it is important to estimate this influential parameter with high precision. The current study suggests the predictive model based on the least-squares support vector machine（LS-SVM） to calculate the CO2–oil swelling factor. A genetic algorithm is used to optimize hyperparameters（у and б^2） of the LS-SVM model. This model showed a high coefficient of determination（R^2= 0.9953） and a low value for the mean-squared error（MSE = 0.0003） based on the available experimental data while estimating the CO2–oil swelling factor. It was found that LS-SVM is a straightforward and accurate method to determine the CO2–oil swelling factor with negligible uncertainty. This method can be incorporated in commercial reservoir simulators to include the effect of the CO2–oil swelling factor when adequate experimental data are not available.

K^＋和Na^＋在C3S-纳米SiO2浆体上的存在形式

以拌合液为KOH和NaOH混合溶液的C_3S-纳米SiO_2浆体为对象,研究了液固比对浆体在去离子水中释放K^+和Na^+的影响以及浆体对K^+和Na^+的滞留能力;并采用29Si MAS NMR分析讨论了K^+和Na^+在C_3S-纳米SiO_2浆体上的存在形式。结果表明:随着液固比的增大,浆体释放的K^+和Na^+的百分数逐渐增大;经去离子水充分洗涤后仍有一部分K^+和Na^+存在于浆体中,且浆体对K^+和Na^+的滞留能力随着纳米SiO_2掺量的增加以及拌合液碱浓度的增大而增强。29Si MAS NMR分析证实了K^+和Na^+能够进入C-S-H凝胶层间形成不可逆的化学结合。K^+和Na^+通过取代C-S-H凝胶层间≡SiOCa+中的Ca2+,缩短了C-S-H凝胶中[SiO4]4-四面体链长,从而使凝胶中Q1和Q2峰向左移动。

Protective role of brain CYP2J in diverse Parkinson disease animal models

OBJECTIVE CYP2 family including CYP2C and CYP2J is the predominant arachidonic acid(AA)epoxygenase,and the epoxidation of AA produces four regioisomeric cis-epoxyeicosatrienoic acids(5,6-,8,9-,11,12-,and 14,15-EET).Human CYP2J2 is one of the main CYP isoforms expressed in brain,but CYP2C8 was present at a low level.The aim of this study is to investigate the roles of brain CYP2J in Parkinson disease.METHODS Rats received the right-unilateral y injection with concentrated LV-CYP2J3 or LV-EGFP in the substantia nigra(SN)at 3 d before LPS or 6-OHDA treatment.The animals were tested for rotational behavior with the dopaminergic agonist apomorphine dissolved in sterile saline at 14 and 21 d after LPS injection.The influence of CYP2J-dependent derivative,14,15-EET,on the genes related with oxidative stress was assayed in SH-SY5Y cells.RESULTS CYP2J overexpression or 14,15-EET treatment significantly increased the levels of SOD1,CAT,GPX1,NRF2 and KEAP1 in neurons.TLR4-My D88 signaling pathway was involved the down-regulation of CYP2J by LPS.The binding of p-CREB with the promoter of CYP2J was inhibited by the LPS treatment.The loss of dopaminergic neurons in the right SN induced by LPS or 6-OHDA was significantly decreased by CYP2J3 transfection at 21 d after LPS injection.Compared with LPS or 6-OHDA group,the number of the rotation of rats was decreased by 42.6% and 60.7%by CYP2J3 transfection at 14 d after LPS or 6-OHDA injection;meanwhile,the rotation number was decreased by 12.7%and 21.3%at 21 d.The accumulation of alpha synuclein induced by LPS was significantly decreased by CYP2J3 transfection.The mR NA levels of SOD1,CAT,GPX1,NRF2 and KEAP1 in SN were decreased by LPS,which was attenuated by the injection of LV-CYP2J3.CONCLUSION Brain CYP2J can play a protective role in the damage of the inflammation and oxidative stress to the dopaminergic neurons.Brain CYP2J-dependent derivatives from AA may have therapeutic effects in Parkinson disease via the up-regulation of the antioxidant system in neurons.

Appraisement on Contributive Ratio of Scientific and Technical Progresses in Milk Productive Enterprises by Model C^2GS^2

Scientific and technical progress has been the driving forces of enterprises development.Milk productive enterprises are developing faster and growing better.It is very important to measure the contributive ratio of scientific and technical progress in milk productive enterprises.And the appraisement could help to develop milk productive enterprises.The model C^2GS^2 was established to appraise the contributive ratio of scientific and technical progress in milk productive enterprises in the research.And the appraisement on the contributive ratio of scientific and technical progress in milk productive enterprises was made by the model.In the results of appraisement,science and technology play a main role in milk productive enterprises.It is shown that our milk productive enterprises are developed by scientific and technical progress while not by input of productive factors.

Simulation of the Hydrodynamic Functioning of the Cavally River Using a Coupled 1D-2D Model in the Ity Area (Zouan-Hounien in Côte d’Ivoire)

In recent years, the Cavally River has been subject to multiple activities, including the construction of diversion channels and a bridge that makes it vulnerable to flooding. In order to assess the impact of these hydraulic structures on the river hydrodynamic functioning, a 1D-2D model was realized. The implementation of the 1D-2D model consisted of first running the 1D model, then the 2D model, and finally in coupling them. The 1D-2D model was designed with the 1988 flood hydrograph, a Manning’s coefficient of 0.052 m1/3/s for the minor bed and 0.06 m1/3/s for the major bed. The results of the hydraulic model show that the velocities are almost identical to those of the Cavally in natural operation. The values of the velocities are included between 0.4 m/s and 1.3 m/s at the level of the minor bed of the river and between 0.06 m/s and 0.71 m/s at the level of the floodplains. The average water level for flood propagation is 262.37 ± 0.44 m before construction of the structures and 262.23 ± 0.85 m after construction of the structures. The 0.41 m reduction in water level due to the diversion canal and bridge is negligible compared to the total fluctuations of the Cavally River, which vary from 6 to 7 m over the year.

基于C2构架风格的B/S应用程序体系结构

在对软件构架和B/S应用程序体系结构的研究过程中,提出了如何运用构架和构件组装技术,通过对可复用构件的组装进行B/S应用程序的设计和快速开发。文章拟以C2构架风格作为在整合应用系统的业务逻辑的基础设施,以B/S Model 2作为表示层的框架原型,提出一种基于构架和构件的B/S结构模型,称为CB Model。并且介绍在研究过程中开发的组装支持工具BSAppBuilder。

CYP2C19遗传多态性的研究进展

S 美芬妥英羟化代谢多态性不仅存在个体差异 ,而且存在种族差异。CYP2C19基因是决定S 美芬妥英羟化代谢的决定基因 ,该基因的突变是导致S 美芬妥英羟化代谢多态性的分子机制。近年来对CYP4 5 0s基因型和表型相关性的研究越来越受到重视 ,人们希望利用基因型分析来了解个体中该药物代谢酶的活性 ,期望既能提高药物治疗水平同时又降低不良反应的发生。有关CYP2C19的研究在此方面已树立了一个成功的典范。

One-Electron-Addition to Pentavalent Phosphorus with the Phosphorus-Chlorine Bond as Acceptor Introducing a Fundamental Distinction in Substitution Mechanism between S_N2(P) and S_N2(C)

An electron-addition, under single-crystal conditions, to pentavalent phosphorus compounds as Cl-P (=O, S) Y, Z with the P-Cl bond as electron-accepting group, is selected as an additional model for SN2(P) like reactions. It is demonstrated that the geometric information stored in the tetrahedral configuration (substrate) can be transmitted in the corresponding trigonal bipyramidal (TBP) state for nucleophilic substitution. In this article, we focus on these specific mechanistic aspects of carbon and phosphorus. We consider our study as a contribution to the significance of these (bio)chemical intermediates.

c-myc与Bcl-2在大鼠抗Thy1.1系膜增生性肾炎肾小球内的表达

目的 :探讨 SD大鼠抗 Thy1.1系膜增生性肾炎实验模型肾小球内 c-myc与 Bcl-2的表达在其发病机理中的作用。方法 :用 SD大鼠胸腺细胞免疫新西兰白兔 ,制备兔抗大鼠胸腺细胞免疫血清 (ATS) ,再将 ATS经尾静脉注射给 SD大鼠 ,诱导其发生系膜增生性肾炎 (Ms PGN)。用 HE和 PASM染色法计算肾小球内细胞数 ,用免疫组化法系膜区 c-m yc及Bcl-2的表达。结果 :实验组和对照组大鼠肾小球内均有 c-myc和 Bcl-2不同程度的表达 ;实验组肾小球内 c-myc和 Bcl-2的表达均明显多于对照组 (P<0 .0 1)。结论 :在大鼠 Ms PGN实验模型中 ,c-m yc及 Bcl-2的高表达参与了肾小球系膜增生的发病机理。

具有独立子系统的C^2GS^2-ISS模型及应用研究

现有的用来评价具有多个独立子系统的复杂系统相对有效性的YMK DEA模型假设不存在规模收益,且不能评价系统的纯技术有效性.在假设存在规模收益的条件下,建立了评价系统纯技术有效性的C2GS2 ISS模型,将效率分解为纯技术效率和规模效率,从而可以找到系统行为低效的根本原因.最后用该模型对我国制造业发展进行了评价.

扩展的数据包络分析C^2GS^2模型——EC^2GS^2

在C2GS2模型的基础上建立了一个扩展的C2GS2模型———EC2GS2,提出了强有效的概念,论证了相关理论.经理论分析和实例应用,EC2GS2模型与C2GS2模型相比有以下几个优点:1.描述决策单元的相对效率更准确;2.更好地利用了参考决策单元的信息;3.可考查评价决策单元输入或输出变化时其效率的变化;当参考决策单元的输入和输出不变时,若评价决策单元的输出(入)不变,其相对效率和它的输入(出)成反(正)比.

中药补肾活血汤对2型糖尿病肾病大鼠血清胱抑素C及血、尿β2微球蛋白的机制研究

[目的]探讨补肾活血汤对早期2型糖尿病肾病大鼠血清胱抑素c(Cys-c)及血、尿β2微球蛋白(β2-MG)的影响,并分析其可能的肾保护作用机制。[方法]采用单肾切除+高脂饲料+小剂量链脲佐菌素(STZ)腹腔注射,结合行为干预(饥饱失常、劳逸无度、惊吓)建立2型糖尿病肾病气阴两虚型病证结合大鼠模型,共65只。随机数字表法将其分为假手术组(15只)、模型组(15只)、补肾活血组(20只)、贝那普利组(15只)。检测上述各组大鼠干预处理后血糖[空腹血糖(FBG)、餐后2 h血糖(PBG)]、血清和肾皮质超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)、尿素氮(BUN)、血肌酐(Cr)、24 h尿白蛋白(24 h-UAlb)、Cys-c及血、尿β2-MG等指标,光镜下观察各组大鼠肾组织病理特征。[结果]与假手术组比较,模型组BUN、Cr升高并不显著(P>0.05),FBG、PBG、血清和肾皮质MDA、24 h-UAlb、Cys-c及血、尿β2-MG均明显上升,血清和肾皮质SOD显著下降(P<0.05或P<0.01);与模型组比较,补肾活血组、贝那普利组血清和肾皮质MDA、24 h-UAlb、Cys-c及血、尿β2-MG均明显较低,血清和肾皮质SOD明显较高(P<0.05);与贝那普利组比较,补肾活血组血清和肾皮质MDA更低,SOD较高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),24 h-UAlb、Cys-c及血、尿β2-MG比较无统计学意义(P>0.05);4组肾脏组织病变程度由正常至严重依次为假手术组、补肾活血组、贝那普利组、模型组。[结论]中药补肾活血汤能有效降低2型糖尿病肾病大鼠的血糖、24 h-UAlb、Cys-c及血、尿β2-MG,对早期糖尿病肾病肾脏具有保护作用,其机制可能是通过改善氧化应激实现的。

以Balb/c小鼠为动物模型的PCV-2疫苗效力检验方法的建立

为建立以Balb/c小鼠为动物模型的PCV-2疫苗免疫效力检验方法,选取4周龄SPF级雌性Balb/c小鼠20只,随机分成4组(Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组),每组5只,Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ组分别背部皮下1点,背部皮下2点和背部皮下、腿部肌肉2点接种PCV-2疫苗0.1、0.2、0.2mL/只,Ⅳ组空白对照组不接种;各免疫组分别于首免疫后7、14、21d加强免疫一次,免疫后7、10、14、21、28、35、42d采血分离血清,用ELISA方法测定PCV-2特异性抗体,确定最佳免疫途径和免疫剂量。另选取4周龄SPF级雌性Balb/c小鼠,随机分成免疫组、攻毒对照组和健康对照组,免疫组和攻毒对照组于二免后14d用PCV-2强毒株进行攻毒,比较各试验组小鼠在临床症状、病理变化、相对日增重、PCV-2核酸载量等方面差异性,确定小鼠动物模型检测指标。抗体测定表明,一免背部皮下、腿部肌肉2点免疫0.2mL/只,间隔21d加强免疫为最佳免疫程序,免疫后35d抗体水平达到峰值,显著高于Ⅰ和Ⅱ组。对照组小鼠免疫攻毒后出现消瘦、被毛凌乱、精神紧张等临床症状,淋巴结肿胀、出血、肺脏出血等病理变化,相对日增重显著降低,PCV-2核酸载量差异在103以上等临床变化。本研究以Balb/c小鼠为动物模型建立了PCV-2疫苗免疫效力检验方法,优化了小鼠免疫途径及剂量,确定了相应的检测指标及技术参数,为PCV-2疫苗免疫效力检验奠定了基础。

2型糖尿病兔模型的建立及C-反应蛋白的变化分析

目的制备类似人类2型糖尿病兔模型,观察C-反应蛋白(C R P)在糖尿病发病过程中的变化。方法 26只新西兰大白兔随机分成对照组6只,常规饲养;实验组20只,采用高脂高糖饲料加小剂量链脲佐菌素(STZ)60 m g/kg联合诱导的方法建立2型糖尿病动物模型,以空腹血糖(FBG)≥11.0 m m ol/L作为造模成功的标准。观察糖尿病发病过程中兔血清C R P水平的变化情况。结果实验组注射STZ后FBG升高达高峰,2周后平均FBG为14.3 m m ol/L,与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(t=3.47,P<0.01),无动物死亡,成模率75%。实验组在饲养过程中,C R P于第3周开始升高,与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(t=3.16,P<0.05)。结论高脂高糖饲料加小剂量STZ诱导可建立兔2型糖尿病模型,方法简便易行,成模率高。C R P水平在糖尿病发病早期即上升且显著,糖尿病的发病可能与其异常变化有关,据此可预测及早期诊断糖尿病。

基于C^2R和BC^2模型的石化企业相对生态效率评价

从石化企业绩效评价理论出发,构建经济、资源、环境三者综合的企业相对生态效率评价C^2R和BC^2模型,对大庆10家石化企业进行企业间相对生态效率评价,测算各石化企业的经营效率和生态效率,对企业规模效益、技术效率进行差异性分析,对生态效率影响因素进行回归分析,验证评价模型以及影响因素的合理性,旨为石化行业管理者制定可持续发展战略决策提供经验。

带有参数的数据包络分析C^2GS^2模型——PC^2GS^2

数据包络分析是系统工程的一种重要方法 ,特别适宜处理多输入、多输出的复杂系统的评价问题。在数据包络分析C2 GS2 模型的基础上 ,通过对评估决策单元的输入进行调整 ,得出了一个带有参数的C2 GS2 ———PC2 GS2 模型。探讨了模型的有关性质 ,给出了阈值的概念 ,并通过理论分析和实例验证 。