Utility of real-time 3D visualization system in the early stage of phacoemulsification training

●AIM:To determine the teaching effects of a real-time three dimensional(3D)visualization system in the operating room for early-stage phacoemulsification training.●METHODS:A total of 10 ophthalmology residents of the first-year postgraduate were included.All the residents were novices to cataract surgery.Real-time cataract surgical observations were performed using a custom-built 3D visualization system.The training lasted 4wk(32h)in all.A modified International Council of Ophthalmology’s Ophthalmology Surgical Competency Assessment Rubric(ICO-OSCAR)containing 4 specific steps of cataract surgery was applied.The self-assessment(self)and expert-assessment(expert)were performed through the microsurgical attempts in the wet lab for each participant.●RESULTS:Compared with pre-training assessments(self 3.2±0.8,expert 2.5±0.6),the overall mean scores of posttraining(self 5.2±0.4,expert 4.7±0.6)were significantly improved after real-time observation training of 3D visualization system(P<0.05).Scores of 4 surgical items were significantly improved both self and expert assessment after training(P<0.05).●CONCLUSION:The 3D observation training provides novice ophthalmic residents with a better understanding of intraocular microsurgical techniques.It is a useful tool to improve teaching efficiency of surgical education.

Intelligent 3D garment system of the human body based on deep spiking neural network

Background Intelligent garments,a burgeoning class of wearable devices,have extensive applications in domains such as sports training and medical rehabilitation.Nonetheless,existing research in the smart wearables domain predominantly emphasizes sensor functionality and quantity,often skipping crucial aspects related to user experience and interaction.Methods To address this gap,this study introduces a novel real-time 3D interactive system based on intelligent garments.The system utilizes lightweight sensor modules to collect human motion data and introduces a dual-stream fusion network based on pulsed neural units to classify and recognize human movements,thereby achieving real-time interaction between users and sensors.Additionally,the system incorporates 3D human visualization functionality,which visualizes sensor data and recognizes human actions as 3D models in real time,providing accurate and comprehensive visual feedback to help users better understand and analyze the details and features of human motion.This system has significant potential for applications in motion detection,medical monitoring,virtual reality,and other fields.The accurate classification of human actions contributes to the development of personalized training plans and injury prevention strategies.Conclusions This study has substantial implications in the domains of intelligent garments,human motion monitoring,and digital twin visualization.The advancement of this system is expected to propel the progress of wearable technology and foster a deeper comprehension of human motion.

Research on 3D visualization design system of hydraulic culvert

The conventional 2D design method of culverts separated from 3D model cannot directly visualize the process of creating and renewal process. This paper explores graphics application framework of Open GL based on MFC, developing the 3D visualization system of hydraulic culvert. This system effectively integrats with building design, structural design and parametric design and image processing technology. The results can be shown by 3D visualization design.

Damage evolution of rock-encased-backfill structure under stepwise cyclic triaxial loading

Rock-encased-backfill(RB)structures are common in underground mining,for example in the cut-andfill and stoping methods.To understand the effects of cyclic excavation and blasting activities on the damage of these RB structures,a series of triaxial stepwise-increasing-amplitude cyclic loading experiments was conducted with cylindrical RB specimens(rock on outside,backfill on inside)with different volume fractions of rock(VF=0.48,0.61,0.73,and 0.84),confining pressures(0,6,9,and 12 MPa),and cyclic loading rates(200,300,400,and 500 N/s).The damage evolution and meso-crack formation during the cyclic tests were analyzed with results from stress-strain hysteresis loops,acoustic emission events,and post-failure X-ray 3D fracture morphology.The results showed significant differences between cyclic and monotonic loadings of RB specimens,particularly with regard to the generation of shear microcracks,the development of stress memory and strain hardening,and the contact forces and associated friction that develops along the rock-backfill interface.One important finding is that as a function of the number of cycles,the elastic strain increases linearly and the dissipated energy increases exponentially.Also,compared with monotonic loading,the cyclic strain hardening characteristics are more sensitive to rising confining pressures during the initial compaction stage.Another finding is that compared with monotonic loading,more shear microcracks are generated during every reloading stage,but these microcracks tend to be dispersed and lessen the likelihood of large shear fracture formation.The transition from elastic to plastic behavior varies depending on the parameters of each test(confinement,volume fraction,and cyclic rate),and an interesting finding was that the transformation to plastic behavior is significantly lower under the conditions of 0.73 rock volume fraction,400 N/s cyclic loading rate,and 9 MPa confinement.All the findings have important practical implications on the ability of backfill to support underground excavations.

Application of 3D Visual Techniques in Daliuta Coal Mine

3D visualization is one of major problems in “Digital Mine” theory and its technological research field. Through the observation of 3D geological models, spatial structural information, connected with the information of production management hidden in geological data, could be detected. In order to meet the requirement of more efficient coal exploration, a case study of geological characters of the Daliuta Coal Mine is presented in which 3D visual models of the ground surface and geologic bodies are established on the basis of data models and data structures of 3D geology modeling. The main conclusions of this study are as follows: (1) Through analysis and organization of spatial discrete data, the drillhole database is designed with the data of the Daliuta mine; the connections amomg drillhole data are real- ized and displayed in a 3D environment. (2) Combining real data of the Daliuta mine, drillhole visualization is realized in a 3D environment by using the CoalMiner system. (3) The ground surface modeling of the Daliuta coal mine adopted a surface-data model and a TIN data structure. (4) 3D models of coal seams and rock formations of the Daliuta mine are established, which provide a method for the simulation of complex surfaces of geologic bodies. In the end, the models are applied to the Daliuta coal mine and the result shows that better geological effects are obtained.

Web-based interactive visualization of 3D video mosaics using X3D standard

We present a method of 3D image mosaicing for real 3D representation of roadside buildings, and implement a Web-based interactive visualization environment for the 3D video mosaics created by 3D image mosaicing. The 3D image mo- saicing technique developed in our previous work is a very powerful method for creating textured 3D-GIS data without excessive data processing like the laser or stereo system. For the Web-based open access to the 3D video mosaics, we build an interactive visualization environment using X3D, the emerging standard of Web 3D. We conduct the data preprocessing for 3D video mosaics and the X3D modeling for textured 3D data. The data preprocessing includes the conversion of each frame of 3D video mosaics into concatenated image files that can be hyperlinked on the Web. The X3D modeling handles the representation of concatenated images using necessary X3D nodes. By employing X3D as the data format for 3D image mosaics, the real 3D representation of roadside buildings is extended to the Web and mobile service systems.

Application of 3D stereoscopic visualization technology in casting aspect

3D stereoscopic visualization technology is coming into more and more common use in the field of entertainment,and this technology is also beginning to cut a striking figure in casting industry and scientific research.The history,fundamental principle,and devices of 3D stereoscopic visualization technology are reviewed in this paper.The authors’research achievements on the 3D stereoscopic visualization technology in the modeling and simulation of the casting process are presented.This technology can be used for the observation of complex 3D solid models of castings and the simulated results of solidification processes such as temperature,fluid flow,displacement,stress strain and microstructure,as well as the predicted defects such as shrinkage/porosity,cracks,and deformation.It can also be used for other areas relating to 3D models,such as assembling of dies,cores,etc.Several cases are given to compare the illustration of simulated results by traditional images and red-blue 3D stereoscopic images.The spatial shape is observed better by the new method.The prospect of3D stereoscopic visualization in the casting aspect is discussed as well.The need for aided-viewing devices is still the most prominent problem of 3D stereoscopic visualization technology.However,3D stereoscopic visualization represents the tendency of visualization technology in the future;and as the problem is solved in the years ahead,great breakthroughs will certainly be made for its application in casting design and modeling and simulation of the casting processes.

Application examples of 3D visual interpretation technology in Dagang Oilfield

3D visualization technology is a new seismic interpretation technology that is completely different from traditional seismic data interpretation technologies. This method takes geologic bodies or any 3D region of interest as a unit and integrates the points, lines, and planes of the bodies to make a 3D visual interpretation. This technology can be integrated with the coherence technique to interpret complex faults. Spatial domain automatic horizon tracing can accurately determine structural features. Target sculpting can determine the spatial dimensions and depth extent of perspective 3D lithology bodies using inversion data. I applied this technology to the interpretation of the complex block structures in the Guanxi area of Dagang Oilfield and the prediction of subtle reservoirs in the western slope of the Qinan sag with good results. This study indicated that the visual interpretation technology can be widely and effectively applied in oil field development and to improve the exploration success ratio.

Real-Time Grouting Monitoring and Visualization Analysis System for Dam Foundation Curtain Grouting

A real-time monitoring and 3D visualization analysis system is proposed for dam foundation curtain grouting. Based on the real-time control technology, the optimization method and the set theory, a mathematical model of the system is established. The real-time collection and transmission technology of the grouting data provides a data foundation for the system. The real-time grouting monitoring and dynamic alarming method helps the system control the grouting quality during the grouting process, thus, the abnormalities of grouting, such as jacking and hydraulic uplift, can be effectively controlled. In addition, the 3D grouting visualization analysis technology is proposed to establish the grouting information model(GIM). The GIM provides a platform to visualize and analyze the grouting process and results. The system has been applied to a hydraulic project of China as a case study, and the application results indicate that the real-time grouting monitoring and 3D visualization analysis for the grouting process can help engineers control the grouting quality more efficiently.

Research on 3D Modeling and Visualization of Coal Pillars for Surface Protection

In order to safely exploit coal resource, protection coal pillars must be prepared in coal mines. Some correlative parameters of protection coal pillar are calculated by Drop face and Drop line methods. Models of protecting surface objects and coal pillars are established by TIN modeling and object-oriented technique. By using ACCESS2000as the database and the VC＋＋ and OpenGL as the language, the calculation of protective coal pillars is realized and the 3D-visulizaiton system for protected objects on ground surface and for coal pillars is developed. The system can obtain the data of characteristic points on the surface interactively from the digitized mine topography map, constructing 3D model automatically. It can also obtain the interrelated parameters of the coal seam and drill hole data from existing geolog!cal surveying database to calculate the location, surface area and the total coal columns. The whole process can be computed quickly and accurately. And the 3D visualization system was applied in a mine, showing that the system solve the problem of complex calculation, not only realized the automatic 3D mapping and visualization of coal pillars for buildings protection, but also greatly improves the working efficiency.

Survey on computational 3D visual optical art design

Visual arts refer to art experienced primarily through vision.3D visual optical art is one of them.Artists use their rich imagination and experience to combine light and objects to give viewers an unforgettable visual experience.How-ever,the design process involves much trial and error;therefore,it is often very time-consuming.This has prompted many researchers to focus on proposing various algorithms to simplify the complicated design processes and help artists quickly realize the arts in their minds.To help computer graphics researchers interested in creating 3D visual optical art,we first classify and review relevant studies,then extract a general framework for solving 3D visual optical art design problems,and finally propose possible directions for future research.

Google Earth-based dynamic visualization system for storm surge flood routing

To describe the dynamic process of flood routing intuitively and realistically when storm surge disaster occurs,a method for ArcGIS data and Google Earth(GE) data integration is proposed,which realizes the importing and integrating of basic geographic information into GE. Based on SketchUp and AutoCAD software,threedimension(3D) visualization of seawall and other tidal defense structures is achieved. By employing Microsoft Foundation Class Library(MFC),the related system modules and storm surge flood routing dynamic visualization system are developed. Therefore,dynamic visualization of flood routing process and interactive query of submerged area and inundated depth are implemented. A practical application case study of Tianjin Binhai New Area provides decision-making support for coastal seawall planning and storm surge disaster prevention and reduction.

The establishment of 3D visualization modeling for the jointed slope

The 3D visualization model of slop with structural plane can displayed the characters of structural plane in slop directly, and illustrated the spatial combination. It is a modem and critical question in the field of geotechnical engineering. Based on the peculiarity of the reconnaissance and the research of the visualization by formers, systemized the method fit for building 3D visualization model of slop with structural plane. Write the special program with Visual C^-＋ computer language and illustrated it by OpenGL, the program can displayed and captured the random section plane. The program has a satisfied result by proving with the real projects.

The Application of 3D Visualization Technology in the Construction of Water Conservancy and Hydropower

This paper put forward the structure and construction process of three-dimensional visualization of hydroelectric construction system model based on GIS and 3D visualization platform. The paper first describes the 3D visualization based on GIS, then discusses the method of constructing 3D visual digital model, and then introduces the terrain digital technology, feature modeling technology. Finally, the technical route shows that this method has good practicability.

Embedding 3-D Gaze Points on a 3-D Visual Field:A Case of Transparency

2022 The paper seeks to demonstrates the likelihood of embedding a 3D gaze point on a 3D visual field,the visual field is inform of a game console where the user has to play from one level to the other by overcoming obstacles that will lead them to the next level.Complex game interface is sometimes difficult for the player to progress to next level of the game and the developers also find it difficult to regulate the game for an average player.The model serves as an analytical tool for game adaptations and also players can track their response to the game.Custom eye tracking and 3D object tracking algorithms were developed to enhance the analysis of the procedure.This is a part of the contributions to user interface design in the aspect of visual transparency.The development and testing of human computer interaction uses and application is more easily investigated than ever,part of the contribution to this is the embedding of 3-D gaze point on a 3-D visual field.This could be used in a number of applications,for instance in medical applications that includes long and short sightedness diagnosis and treatment.Experiments and Test were conducted on five different episodes of user attributes,result show that fixation points and pupil changes are the two most likely user attributes that contributes most significantly in the performance of the custom eye tracking algorithm the study.As the advancement in development of eye movement algorithm continues user attributes that showed the least likely appearance will prove to be redundant.

3D electrical structure of porphyry copper deposit:A case study of Shaxi copper deposit

Located in Lu-Zong ore concentration area, middle-lower Yangtze metallogenic belt, ShaXi porphyry copper deposit is a typical hydrothermal deposit. To investigate the distribution of deep ore bodies and spatial characteristics of host structures, an AMT survey was conducted in mining area. Eighteen pseudo-2D resistivity sections were constructed through careful processing and inversion. These sections clearly show resistivity difference between the Silurian sandstones formation and quartz diorite porphyry and this porphyry copper formation was controlled by the highly resistive anticlines. Using 3D block Kxiging interpolation method and 3D visualization techniques, we constructed a detailed 3D resistivity model of quartz diorite porphyry which shows the shape and spatial distribution of deep ore bodies. This case study can serve as a good example for future ore prospecting in and around this mining area.

3D显示技术的原理及应用

介绍了常见的3D显示技术的基本原理,对各种3D技术的优缺点进行了阐述,对3D显示技术目前的普及状况和应用领域作了详细说明。

软件工程化方法在武器3D实体建模中的应用研究

针对复杂武器3D实体建模的需求,分析并比较了软件工程化中的瀑布模型、变换模型和增量模型等3种模型开发方法,首次将增量模型方法引入到武器3D实体建模中。基本思路是,首先根据需求分析得到的信息将武器3D实体模型划分为不同的增量构件,然后对增量构件进行详细设计并完成基于MultiGen Creator的构件开发与测试,最后进行增量构件组装和模型测试。结果表明,应用该方法有利于提高模型的可重用性和开发效率,同时使开发的模型满足视景仿真系统的逼真性和实时性的要求。

矿井三维信息管理模式与CoalMiner^(3D)系统开发

矿井三维信息管理对煤田的有效科学规划和安全高效生产有着重要的意义,也是实现矿山管理和生产现代化的关键技术之一。依托“大柳塔煤矿三维信息管理决策系统”项目,面向煤田的有效科学规划和安全高效生产,针对煤矿的生产、安全与管理的特点,以矿山专业软件M icro-m ine为系统开发平台,利用V isual C++和数据库技术,以各种地质、测量、采矿工程数据为基础,以三维可视化技术以及地质建模技术为手段,初步开发了具有真三维特点的煤矿生产管理信息系统CoalM iner3D。系统有助于指导矿区的科学规划、资源管理、安全生产、辅助决策等,也为国内的其他矿井提供信息化建设的样板。

Dynamic full-color digital holographic 3D display on single DMD

Digital holography has high potentials for future 3D imaging and display technology.We present a method for a dynamic full-color digital holographic 3D display on single digital micro-mirror device(DMD)with full-color,high-speed and high-fidelity characteristics.We combine the square regions of adjacent micro-mirrors into super-pixels that can modulate amplitude and phase independently.Gray images are achieved by amplitude modulation and precise positioning of each color is achieved by phase modulation.The proposed method realizes a full-color imaging based on the three primary colors and achieves measured structural similarity of more than 88%and color similarity of more than 98%,while retaining the high switch speed of 9 kHz,thus achieving dynamic full-color 3D display on charge-coupled device(CCD).