5-取代-4-氨基-3-巯基-1,2,4-三唑衍生物的应用进展

5-取代-4-氨基-3-巯基-1,2,4-三唑是一类重要的五元杂环化合物,由于分子中含有巯基和伯胺基两个活性基团,既可以单个基团参与反应生成N-或S-取代产物,又可以同时发生反应生成稠杂环化合物。由其衍生而来的化合物具有广泛的生物活性,在抗菌、抗肿瘤、抗结核、抗炎镇痛、酶抑制剂、荧光探针等方面都表现出优异的性能。综述了近年来5-取代-4-氨基-3-巯基-1,2,4-三唑衍生物在医学、农业及材料领域的应用,为今后进一步研究、开发此类化合物提供参考。

3-硝仿基-5-甲基-1,2,4-三唑的合成及性能

以1,1′-二氨基-2,2′-二硝基乙烯(FOX-7)为原料,经肼解反应、酰化反应、硝化环化反应合成了3-硝仿基-5-甲基-1,2,4-三唑(MFT),三步反应收率依次为84%、64%、66%。培养出中间体1-氨基-1-(2-乙酰基肼基)-2,2-二硝基乙烯(AHADNE)、目标产物MFT的单晶并进行了解析,两种化合物的晶体密度分别为1.624g/cm^(3)、1.698g/cm^(3)。采用差示量热/热重(DSC/TG)方法对MFT的热稳定性进行表征,其热分解峰温178.7℃,热稳定性良好。通过量子化学方法对MFT进行几何构型优化,并计算得到其标准固相生成焓为99.4kJ/mol。以Kamlet-Jacob公式计算了MFT的爆轰性能,其爆速为8051m/s,爆压为28.28GPa。

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of 5-(p-Tolyl)-4-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetamido]-1,2,4-triazole-3-thione Ethyl Acetate Solvate

A novel compound 5-(p-tolyl)-4-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetamido]-1,2,4-tria zole- 3-thione 2a has been synthesized by the reaction of 5-(p-tolyl)-4-amino-1,2,4-triazole-3-thione 1 with 2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetyl chloride. Interestingly, the title compound 2 was obtained when 2a crystallizes from a mixed solution of petroleum ether and ethyl acetate, and it has been characterized by elemental analysis, IR, 1H NMR spectra and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The crystal belongs to the triclinic system, space group P1 with a = 9.780(5), b = 10.876(6), c = 11.615(6), α = 104.822(7), β = 94.105(6), γ = 94.305(6)°, V = 1185.7(11)3, Z = 2, μ = 0.397 mm–1, Mr = 497.39, Dx = 1.393 g/cm3, F(000) = 516, S = 1.097, the final R = 0.0730 and wR = 0.2133 for 4111 unique reflections (Rint = 0.0525) with 3212 observed ones. The dihedral angles made by the triazole ring with the methyl- and chloro-substituted benzene rings are 43.5(7) and 50.2(9)°, respectively. Some intra- and intermolecular hydrogen bonds together with C–H···π interactions existing in the lattice stabilize the crystal structure.

Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Antitumor Activity of 2-(3-Methyl-5-(methylthio)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl)isoindoline-1,3-dione

The title compound 2-(3-methyl-5-(methylthio)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl)isoindoline-1,3-dione(C12H10N4O2S, Mr = 274.30) has been synthesized by a three-step procedure including the cyclization, hydrazinolysis and substitution reactions, and its crystal structure was determined by X-ray single-crystal diffraction. The crystal belongs to the monoclinic system, space group P21/c with a = 12.264(3), b = 14.646(3), c = 14.349(4) , β = 91.69(3)°, μ = 0.255 mm-1, Mr = 274.30, V = 2576.2(10) 3, Z = 8, Dc = 1.414 g/cm3, F(000) = 1136, R = 0.0487 and w R = 0.1329 for 4048 observed reflections with Ⅰ > 2σ(Ⅰ). In addition, the preliminary bioassay suggested that the title compound 6 exhibits relatively good antitumor activity against HT-29 and MCF-7.

Thermal Decomposition of Ammonium 3-Nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-onate Monohydrate

The thermal decomposition of ammonium 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-onate monohydrate[NH4(NTO)·H2O] was studied by means of thermal analysis-MS coupling and the combination technique of in situ thermolysis cell with rapid-scan Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The results show that there are two endothermic steps and one exothermic step in the decomposition process of NH4(NTO)·H2O. The detected gas products consist of NH3, H2O, N2, CO2, CO, and NO2.

Simultaneous Determination of Dopamine and Uric Acid at 2-Amino-5-mercapto-[1, 3, 4]triazole Self-assembled Monolayers Gold Electrode

A newly synthesized reagent 2-amino-5-mercapto-[1, 3, 4]triazole (MATZ) has been usedto fabricate self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on gold electrode for the first time. The SAMselectrode was characterized by electrochemical methods and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM),the SAMs electrode can be used to determinate dopamine (DA) and uric acid (UA) simultaneouslywith a detection limit of 8×10-7 mol/L for DA and 1×10-6 mol/L for UA respectively. The SAMscan also be used to detect the contents of DA and UA in synthetic urine sample with satisfactoryresults.

A new one-pot neat synthesis of 1,2,4-triazol-3-ones through 4-(N,N-dimethylamino) pyridine (DMAP) catalyzed cyclocondensation of ethyl carbazate with aryl nitriles

当有效、基本的亲核的催化剂被描述，通过有芳基 nitriles 的乙醇 carbazate 的 cyclocondensation 的某 5-aryl-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-ones 的整洁的合成由 DMAP 催化的一个新一个壶。

Crystal Structure and Theoretical Studies of Tetrahytrate(1-H-1,2,4-triazole-3,5-dicarboxylicacid)nickel

A new compound, [Ni(Hdctrz)(H_2O)_4](1, H_3dctrz = 1-H-1,2,4-triazole-3,5-dicarboxylic acid), has been successfully synthesized via slow evaporation. The structure of 1 was characterized by FT-IR, elemental analysis and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Compound 1 crystallizes in monoclinic, space group P21/c with a = 6.871(1), b = 11.468(1), c = 12.178(1) ?, b = 101.291(1)o, V = 941.01(16) ?~3, Z = 4, C_4H_9N_3O_8Ni, M_r = 285.85, D_c = 2.018 g·cm^(–3), m = 2.10 mm^(–1), F(000) = 584, GOOF = 1.025, the final R = 0.0515 and wR = 0.2125 for 1404 observed reflections(I > 2s(I)). The crystal structure is assembled by a slightly distorted {NiNO_5} octahedral geometry and hydrogen bonds viz. N–H···O, O–H···O, C–O···π and π···π weak interactions. A rare π···π interaction from triazolate and carboxylate is affirmed through the molecular orbitals(MO) of three adjacent Ni CN molecules. The 3D Hirshfeld surface analysis was employed to gain additional insight into the interactions responsible for the packing of compound 1. Quantitative examination of 2D fingerprint plots revealed, amongst others, the dominating participation of O···H, N···H and π···π interactions in the molecular packing.

Synthesis and Molecular Structure of 1,5,1',5'-Tetraphenyl-1H,1H'-3,3'-dialkylthio-bi-1,2,4-triazole

The title compound 1,5,1',5'-tetraphenyl-1H,1H'-3,3'-dialkylthio-bi-1,2,4-tri- azole (2, C28H20N6S2, Mr = 504.62) was prepared by the reaction of 1-benzoyl-3-phenylamino- thiourea 1 and Mn(OAc)3·2H2O in acetic acid under microwave irradiation. The crystal is of monoclinic, space group P21/c with a = 11.3931(10), b = 16.5787(14), c = 26.470(2) , β = 98.274(2)o, Z = 8, V = 4947.8(8) 3, Dc = 1.355 g/cm3, μ(MoKα) = 0.245 mm-1, F(000) = 2096, the final R = 0.0583 and wR = 0.1502 for 8705 observed reflections (I > 2σ(I)). X-ray analysis reveals that the title compound is 1,5,1',5'-tetraphenyl-1H,1H'-3,3'-dialkylthio-bi-1,2,4-triazo- le, and its formation mechanism was proposed.

Synthesis,Crystal Structure and Plant Growth Regulatory Activity of 1-(3-Amino-[1,2,4]triazol-1-yl)-3,3-dimethyl-butan-2-one

The title compound 1-(3-amino-[1,2,4]triazol-1-yl)-3,3-dimethyl-butan-2-one(3) was synthesized by Hofmann-alkylation reaction of 1-chloro-3,3-dimethyl-butan-2-one(1) and ~1H-[1,2,4]triazol-3-ylamine(2) with equal amount of K_2CO_3 as acid acceptor. The structure of compound 3 was characterized by ~1H NMR, 13 C NMR, HRMS and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The compound crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group P21/n with a = 5.7227(8), b = 27.924(4), c = 6.2282(7) ?, β = 101.892(11)°, V = 973.9(2) ?~3, Z = 4, T = 180.00(10) K, μ(MoKα) = 0.087 mm^(-1), Dc = 1.243 g/cm^3, 3832 reflections measured(3.648≤θ≤26.022°), 1916 unique reflections(Rint = 0.0359, Rsigma = 0.0572) used in all calculations. The final R = 0.0557(I > 2σ(I)) and w R = 0.1276(all data). Bioassay showed that 3 displayed excellent activity as plant growth regulator with inducing lateral root formation and enhancing primary root elongation at 0.27 mmol/L(50 ppm) in soybeen(He Feng-50). Good water solubility was found with 50 mg in 1 m L of water. Therefore, application of 3 in agriculture is more environmentally friendly due to cosolvent-free condition, and results in improved abiotic-stress tolerance by affecting the root growth. And furthermore, it can be used as a precursor to investigate the function of regulating plant root growth.

Catalytic Kinetic on the Thermal Decomposition of Ammonium Perchlorate with a New Energetic Complex Based on 3,5-Bis(3-pyridyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole

A new energetic complex,[Co(3,3?-Hbpt)(Htm)]·H_2O(1,3,3?-Hbpt = 3,5-bis(3-pyridyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole and H_3tm = trimesic acid),has been synthesized by hydrothermal reactions and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction,elementary analysis,IR spectroscopy,thermogravimetric analysis and X-ray powder diffraction. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction indicates that the complex belongs to triclinic system,space group P 1 with a = 10.0911(1),b = 10.2573(1),c = 10.6393(1) ?,α = 103.793(2),β = 101.041(2),γ = 107.918(3)o,V = 974.9(2) ?~3,Z = 2,D_c = 1.732 g·cm-3,μ = 0.941 mm^(-1),M_r = 508.31,F(000) = 518,the final R = 0.0523 and wR = 0.0935 with I > 2σ(I). In the title complex,Co(Ⅱ) ions are connected by Htm2-anions generating 1D ladder-like chains which are linked by 3,3?-Hbpt to form 1D cages. In addition,the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate(AP) with complex 1 was explored by differential scanning calorimetry(DSC). AP is completely decomposed in a shorter time in the presence of complex 1,and the decomposition heat of the mixture is 2.531 kJ·g^(-1),significantly higher than that of pure AP. By Kissinger's method,the ratio of Ea/ln(A) is 11.05 for the mixture,which indicates that complex 1 shows good catalytic activity toward the AP decomposition.

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of 4-Phenyl-5-(1't-butyl-5'-methyl-4'-pyrazolyl)-1,2,4-triazol-3-thione

The crystal structure of 4-phenyl-5-(1-t-butyl-5-methyl-4-pyrazolyl)-1,2,4-triazol- 3-thione 5 (C16H19N5S, Mr = 313.42) has been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The crystal belongs to monoclinic, space group P21/c with a = 6.680(2), b = 27.44(1), c = 9.388(4) ? b = 106.738(6), V = 1648(1) 3, Z = 4, Dc = 1.263 g/cm3, m = 0.200 mm-1, F(000) = 664, R = 0.0608 and wR = 0.1176. The results confirmed that 5 can be assigned to the thione tautomeric form.

Raman Spectra of 1,2,4-Triazole-3-carboxylate Solution

Raman spectra of 1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxylate (TC- anion) and its ring-deprotonated deriva- tive (dpTC2- dianion) in aqueous solutions were measured respectively. The density func- tional theory calculations were performed using MN15 functional and PCM solvent model to investigate their structures, as well as the vibrational frequencies and Raman intensi- ties. With the aid of the calculated spectra, all the observed Raman bands of dpTC2- were clearly assigned, with taking into account the deuteration shifts. Moreover, various protonic tautomers of TC- anion were compared in the present theoretical calculations, and 2H- tautomer was found more stable. The experimental Raman spectrum of TC- solution was roughly consistent with the calculated spectrum of the monomeric 2H-tautomer of TC-, but some splits existed for a few bands when compared to the calculated spectra, which might be contributed by the hydrogen-bonding dimers of TC-.

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of 4-Salicyli deneamino-3-methyl-1,2,4-triazol-5-thione

The crystal structure of 4-salicylideneamino-3-methyl-1,2,4-triazol-5-thione 1 (C10H10N4OS, Mr = 234.28) has been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction method. The crystal belongs to monoclinic, space group P21/n with a = 12.697(3), b = 7.4072(15), c = 12.750(3) , b = 117.68(3), V = 1061.85(4) 3, Z = 4, Dc = 1.465 g/cm3, m = 0.288 mm-1 and F(000) = 488. R = 0.0584 and wR = 0.1642 for 2660 unique reflections with 2130 observed ones (I > 2s(I)). The results confirmed that the configuration of the title compound at the azomethine C=N bond is E and 1 can be assigned as the thione tautomeric form. All atoms of the title compound are essentially coplanar.

Synthesis and Bioactivity of Novel Aminomethyl-2-(1,2,4-triazol)-4,4-dimethyl-3-pentanone(ol)

Dimethyl-1-(1, 2, 4-triazol) -2- butanone was treated with aqueous formaldehyde to give an additional product, and subsequent elimination by acetic anhydride yielded 4, 4-dimethyl-2-(1, 2, 4-triazol)-1-penten-3-one. Further addition with substituted amines provided a series of (1, 2, 4-triazol)-4, 4-dimethyl-3-pentanone, which were then reduced by KBH4 to obtain a series of (1, 2, 4-triazol)-4, 4-dimethyl-3-pentanol. Their structures were confirmed by 1HNMR and elemental analysis. The results of bioassay showed that the title products possess good fungicidal activities.

Synthesis, Crystal Structure, Fluorescent Property and DFT Calculations of a New Zn(Ⅱ) Complex Based on 3-(2-Pyridyl)-5-(4-pyridyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole

A new coordination compound Zn(2,4?-bpt)2(H_2O)(1) based on the versatile ligand 2,4?-Hbpt(2,4?-Hbpt = 3-(2-pyridyl)-5-(4-pyridyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole) was prepared by hydrothermal reactions. The structure of complex 1 has been characterized by X-ray single-crystal diffraction, elemental analysis, X-ray powder diffraction, IR spectrum analysis and thermogravimetric analysis. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis indicates that the complex belongs to monoclinic system, space group C2/c with a = 23.877(3), b = 0.7483(9), c = 1.2492(2) ?, b = 92.681(2)°, V = 2230.6(4) ?3, Z = 4, Dc = 1.572 g/cm^3, m = 1.143 mm^(-1), Mr = 527.85 and F(000) = 1080. The final R = 0.0581 and w R = 0.0898 with I > 2s(I). 1 is a 0D motif which is connected by hydrogen bonds to form a corrugated 1D pattern. In addition, 1 shows strong photoluminescent emissions in the solid state at room temperature which can be used as potential optical materials. Theoretical calculations based on density functional theory(DFT) were employed in order to explicate the stability and chemical reactivity of 2,4?-Hbpt with different conformations. The results indicated that conformation I is more stable and prior to coordination in the reactions.

Synthesis and Molecular Structure of 1,5-Diphenyl-3-phenacylthio-1H-1,2,4-triazole

The title compound 1,5-diphenyl-3-phenacylthio-1H-1,2,4-triazole 2 (C22H17- N3OS, Mr = 371.45) was prepared by the reaction of 1-benzoyl-3-phenyl-aminothiourea 1 with 2-bromoacetophenone. The crystal is of triclinic, space group P1, a = 8.906(3), b = 9.853(3), c = 11.226(4) ?, α = 100.562(5), β = 101.285(5), γ =? 105.096(6)o, Z = 2, V = 903.7(5) ?3, Dc = 1.365 g/cm3, μ(MoKα) = 0.196 mm-1, F(000) = 388, the final R = 0.0506 and wR = 0.0985 for 2532 observed reflections (I > 2σ(I)). Its formation mechanism was proposed.

Synthesis and <i>in Vitro</i>Biological Activities of 4,5-Disubstituted 1,2,4-Triazole-3-Thiols

Purpose: The triazole nucleus is an important part of the therapeutically interesting drug candidate as antimicrobial, analgesic, anticancer, anticonvulsant and anti-inflammatory agents. Methods: Therefore, in this study, twelve 4,5-disubstituted-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiols were synthesized by the reaction of substituted isothiocyanates and hydrazides using the common method of base catalysed intramolecular dehydrative cyclization of substituted thiosemicarbazides 3(a-f) and 4(a-f). The structures of these compounds were characterized by means of FT-IR, 1H-NMR, and elemental analysis data. All these compounds were screened for antibacterial, antioxidant, antitumor and cytotoxic activities. Results: Among these compounds: 5c, 5f and 6f were found active against gram positive cocci, the compounds 5a, 5b, 5d, 6a and 6f showed 85% free radical scavenging effect at 3 ppm when tested for antioxidant activity, 75% tumors inhibition was recorded using 5c, 5d and 6a and brine shrimps lethality assay declared 5a, 5b and 6d was 129.62 μg/ml, 161.577 μg/ml and 81.56 μg/ml respectively. Conclusion: Compounds carrying significant bioactivity can be further studied using animal models to establish their safety profile prior to initiating clinical trials.

Corrosion Inhibition of Copper in 3% NaCl Solution by Derivative of Aminotriazole

The inhibiting effect of N-decyl-3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (TN10) against Copper corrosion in aerated 3%NaCl, has been developed. Potentiodynamic measurements and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy have been applied to determine the corrosion rate. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studied surface morphology has been also used to characterize electrode surface. The obtained results indicate that TN10 acts as a good mixed-type inhibitor retarding both anodic and cathodic reactions. An increase of TN10 concentration leads to a decrease of corrosion rate and inhibition efficiency increase.