目的探讨(1-3)-β-D葡聚糖联合降钙素原(procalcitonin,PCT)、CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞多指标在艾滋病患者马尔尼菲篮状菌感染早期诊断临床研究。方法回顾性选取我院2020年1月—2022年6月住院的120例艾滋病患者为研究对象。依据实验室结果,将...目的探讨(1-3)-β-D葡聚糖联合降钙素原(procalcitonin,PCT)、CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞多指标在艾滋病患者马尔尼菲篮状菌感染早期诊断临床研究。方法回顾性选取我院2020年1月—2022年6月住院的120例艾滋病患者为研究对象。依据实验室结果,将其分为马尔尼菲篮状菌感染确诊组(血或组织液培育养出马尔尼菲篮状菌),简称A组(62例),及马尔尼菲篮状菌感染临床诊断组[根据临床症状、体征、血常规及(1-3)-β-D葡聚糖、PCT、CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞多指标诊断],简称B组(58例)。检测患者(1-3)-β-D葡聚糖、PCT、CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞的表达水平,采用受试者工作特征(receiver-operating characteristic,ROC)曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)评估上述指标联合检测对艾滋病患者感染马尔尼菲篮状菌的诊断效能。结果A组的(1-3)-β-D葡聚糖和PCT水平均高于B组,CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞个数低于B组(P<0.05);(1-3)-β-D葡聚糖、PCT、CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞联合检测的AUC为0.933,(1-3)-β-D葡聚糖单独检测的AUC是0.812,PCT单独检测的AUC为0.883,CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞单独检测的AUC是0.810,(1-3)-β-D葡聚糖、PCT和CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞联合检测的AUC皆优于三项单独检测,表明(1-3)-β-D葡聚糖、PCT和CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞联合检测的诊断价值皆优于单一指标诊断,且联合检测的特异度、约登指数分别为92.43%和0.580,均高于三项单独检测。结论(1-3)-β-D葡聚糖联合PCT和CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞多指标对艾滋病马尔尼菲篮状菌感染具有非常高的临床诊断价值,能够帮助医生分析出高危风险患者,及时制定治疗方案,同时也承担预后效果的判断依据,对治疗艾滋病马尔尼菲篮状菌感染具有非常重要的研究价值。展开更多
The synthesis of new 4-imino-4H-chromeno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-3(5H)-amine in four steps including one step under microwave dielectric heating is reported. The structural identity of the synthesized compounds was establishe...The synthesis of new 4-imino-4H-chromeno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-3(5H)-amine in four steps including one step under microwave dielectric heating is reported. The structural identity of the synthesized compounds was established according to their spectroscopic analysis, such as FT-IR, NMR and mass spectroscopy. These new compounds were tested for their antiproliferative activities on seven representative human tumoral cell lines (Huh7 D12, Caco2, MDA-MB231, MDA-MB468, HCT116, PC3 and MCF7) and also on fibroblasts. Among them, only the compounds 6c showed micromolar cytotoxic activity on tumor cell lines (1.8 50 50 > 25 μM). Finally, in silico ADMET studies ware performed to investigate the possibility of using of the identified compound 6c as potential anti-tumor compound.展开更多
Accurate 3-dimensional(3-D)reconstruction technology for nondestructive testing based on digital radiography(DR)is of great importance for alleviating the drawbacks of the existing computed tomography(CT)-based method...Accurate 3-dimensional(3-D)reconstruction technology for nondestructive testing based on digital radiography(DR)is of great importance for alleviating the drawbacks of the existing computed tomography(CT)-based method.The commonly used Monte Carlo simulation method ensures well-performing imaging results for DR.However,for 3-D reconstruction,it is limited by its high time consumption.To solve this problem,this study proposes a parallel computing method to accelerate Monte Carlo simulation for projection images with a parallel interface and a specific DR application.The images are utilized for 3-D reconstruction of the test model.We verify the accuracy of parallel computing for DR and evaluate the performance of two parallel computing modes-multithreaded applications(G4-MT)and message-passing interfaces(G4-MPI)-by assessing parallel speedup and efficiency.This study explores the scalability of the hybrid G4-MPI and G4-MT modes.The results show that the two parallel computing modes can significantly reduce the Monte Carlo simulation time because the parallel speedup increment of Monte Carlo simulations can be considered linear growth,and the parallel efficiency is maintained at a high level.The hybrid mode has strong scalability,as the overall run time of the 180 simulations using 320 threads is 15.35 h with 10 billion particles emitted,and the parallel speedup can be up to 151.36.The 3-D reconstruction of the model is achieved based on the filtered back projection(FBP)algorithm using 180 projection images obtained with the hybrid G4-MPI and G4-MT.The quality of the reconstructed sliced images is satisfactory because the images can reflect the internal structure of the test model.This method is applied to a complex model,and the quality of the reconstructed images is evaluated.展开更多
3-dimension(3-D)printing technology is growing strongly with many applications,one of which is the garment industry.The application of human body models to the garment industry is necessary to respond to the increasin...3-dimension(3-D)printing technology is growing strongly with many applications,one of which is the garment industry.The application of human body models to the garment industry is necessary to respond to the increasing personalization demand and still guarantee aesthetics.This paper proposes amethod to construct 3-D human models by applying deep learning.We calculate the location of the main slices of the human body,including the neck,chest,belly,buttocks,and the rings of the extremities,using pre-existing information.Then,on the positioning frame,we find the key points(fixed and unaltered)of these key slices and update these points tomatch the current parameters.To add points to a star slice,we use a deep learning model tomimic the form of the human body at that slice position.We use interpolation to produce sub-slices of different body sections based on the main slices to create complete body parts morphologically.We combine all slices to construct a full 3-D representation of the human body.展开更多
This paper considers a time-constrained data collection problem from a network of ground sensors located on uneven terrain by an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV),a typical Unmanned Aerial System(UAS).The ground sensors ha...This paper considers a time-constrained data collection problem from a network of ground sensors located on uneven terrain by an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV),a typical Unmanned Aerial System(UAS).The ground sensors harvest renewable energy and are equipped with batteries and data buffers.The ground sensor model takes into account sensor data buffer and battery limitations.An asymptotically globally optimal method of joint UAV 3D trajectory optimization and data transmission schedule is developed.The developed method maximizes the amount of data transmitted to the UAV without losses and too long delays and minimizes the propulsion energy of the UAV.The developed algorithm of optimal trajectory optimization and transmission scheduling is based on dynamic programming.Computer simulations demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.展开更多
This paper concerns the sonic-supersonic structures of the transonic crossflow generated by the steady supersonic flow past an infinite cone of arbitrary cross section.Under the conical assumption,the three-dimensiona...This paper concerns the sonic-supersonic structures of the transonic crossflow generated by the steady supersonic flow past an infinite cone of arbitrary cross section.Under the conical assumption,the three-dimensional(3-D)steady Euler equations can be projected onto the unit sphere and the state of fluid can be characterized by the polar and azimuthal angles.Given a segment smooth curve as a conical-sonic line in the polar-azimuthal angle plane,we construct a classical conical-supersonic solution near the curve under some reasonable assumptions.To overcome the difficulty caused by the parabolic degeneracy,we apply the characteristic decomposition technique to transform the Euler equations into a new degenerate hyperbolic system in a partial hodograph plane.The singular terms are isolated from the highly nonlinear complicated system and then can be handled successfully.We establish a smooth local solution to the new system in a suitable weighted metric space and then express the solution in terms of the original variables.展开更多
Feature extraction is the most critical step in classification of multispectral image.The classification accuracy is mainly influenced by the feature sets that are selected to classify the image.In the past,handcrafte...Feature extraction is the most critical step in classification of multispectral image.The classification accuracy is mainly influenced by the feature sets that are selected to classify the image.In the past,handcrafted feature sets are used which are not adaptive for different image domains.To overcome this,an evolu-tionary learning method is developed to automatically learn the spatial-spectral features for classification.A modified Firefly Algorithm(FA)which achieves maximum classification accuracy with reduced size of feature set is proposed to gain the interest of feature selection for this purpose.For extracting the most effi-cient features from the data set,we have used 3-D discrete wavelet transform which decompose the multispectral image in all three dimensions.For selecting spatial and spectral features we have studied three different approaches namely overlapping window(OW-3DFS),non-overlapping window(NW-3DFS)adaptive window cube(AW-3DFS)and Pixel based technique.Fivefold Multiclass Support Vector Machine(MSVM)is used for classification purpose.Experiments con-ducted on Madurai LISS IV multispectral image exploited that the adaptive win-dow approach is used to increase the classification accuracy.展开更多
Coordinated contraction of skeletal muscles relies on selective connections between the muscles and multiple classes of the spinal motoneuro ns.Howeve r,current research on the spatial location of the spinal motoneuro...Coordinated contraction of skeletal muscles relies on selective connections between the muscles and multiple classes of the spinal motoneuro ns.Howeve r,current research on the spatial location of the spinal motoneurons innervating differe nt muscles is limited.In this study,we investigated the spatial distribution and relative position of different motoneurons that control the deep muscles of the mouse hindlimbs,which were innervated by the obturator nerve,femoral nerve,inferior gluteal nerve,deep pe roneal nerve,and tibial nerve.Locations were visualized by combining a multiplex retrograde tracking technique compatible with three-dimensional imaging of solvent-cleared o rgans(3DISCO)and 3-D imaging technology based on lightsheet fluorescence microscopy(LSFM).Additionally,we propose the hypothesis that"messenger zones"exist as interlaced areas between the motoneuron pools that dominate the synergistic or antagonist muscle groups.We hypothesize that these interlaced neurons may participate in muscle coordination as messenger neurons.Analysis revealed the precise mutual positional relationships among the many motoneurons that innervate different deep muscles of the mouse.Not only do these findings update and supplement our knowledge regarding the overall spatial layout of spinal motoneurons that control mouse limb muscles,but they also provide insights into the mechanisms through which muscle activity is coordinated and the architecture of motor circuits.展开更多
Objective: It is important and helpful for surgeons to understand the correlation between spinal anatomy and screw trajectory before surgery. We aimed to assess a simple technique using 3D imaging software available o...Objective: It is important and helpful for surgeons to understand the correlation between spinal anatomy and screw trajectory before surgery. We aimed to assess a simple technique using 3D imaging software available on the hospital intranet for visual and quantitative feedback to prepare surgeons for an appropriate entry point and safe trajectory when placing cervical screws. Methods: A total of 59 cervical screws were inserted from C1 to T1 in 12 consecutive patients using this technique. First, a single CT optimal slice was selected from 3D CT images of the cervical spine to determine the intervals of bilateral entry points and lateral angle. Next, this 3D image was rotated to the lateral angle. Finally, bone was cut out on the entry point using subtractive manipulation, which removed the core of the pedicle or lateral mass. Screw trajectory was indicated, and surgeons could assess the correlation between surface landmarks, spinal anatomy, and screw trajectory. Posterior cervical fusion was performed using fluoroscopy. Postoperative outcomes and incidence of complications were retrospectively assessed. Results: One perforation (1.4%) was identified on postoperative CT images. No vascular injuries occurred. Differences in the intended entry point location and lateral angle of the screw from actual postoperative values were 1.49 ± 1.23 mm and 5.46。 ± 4.46。, respectively. Conclusions: A novel 3D CT imaging assessment underwent in cervical screw fixation. This technique is easily accessible on the hospital intranet and provides training in cervical screw placement for fellows. Surgeons can simulate screw placement and share surgical strategy.展开更多
文摘目的探讨(1-3)-β-D葡聚糖联合降钙素原(procalcitonin,PCT)、CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞多指标在艾滋病患者马尔尼菲篮状菌感染早期诊断临床研究。方法回顾性选取我院2020年1月—2022年6月住院的120例艾滋病患者为研究对象。依据实验室结果,将其分为马尔尼菲篮状菌感染确诊组(血或组织液培育养出马尔尼菲篮状菌),简称A组(62例),及马尔尼菲篮状菌感染临床诊断组[根据临床症状、体征、血常规及(1-3)-β-D葡聚糖、PCT、CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞多指标诊断],简称B组(58例)。检测患者(1-3)-β-D葡聚糖、PCT、CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞的表达水平,采用受试者工作特征(receiver-operating characteristic,ROC)曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)评估上述指标联合检测对艾滋病患者感染马尔尼菲篮状菌的诊断效能。结果A组的(1-3)-β-D葡聚糖和PCT水平均高于B组,CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞个数低于B组(P<0.05);(1-3)-β-D葡聚糖、PCT、CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞联合检测的AUC为0.933,(1-3)-β-D葡聚糖单独检测的AUC是0.812,PCT单独检测的AUC为0.883,CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞单独检测的AUC是0.810,(1-3)-β-D葡聚糖、PCT和CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞联合检测的AUC皆优于三项单独检测,表明(1-3)-β-D葡聚糖、PCT和CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞联合检测的诊断价值皆优于单一指标诊断,且联合检测的特异度、约登指数分别为92.43%和0.580,均高于三项单独检测。结论(1-3)-β-D葡聚糖联合PCT和CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞多指标对艾滋病马尔尼菲篮状菌感染具有非常高的临床诊断价值,能够帮助医生分析出高危风险患者,及时制定治疗方案,同时也承担预后效果的判断依据,对治疗艾滋病马尔尼菲篮状菌感染具有非常重要的研究价值。
文摘The synthesis of new 4-imino-4H-chromeno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-3(5H)-amine in four steps including one step under microwave dielectric heating is reported. The structural identity of the synthesized compounds was established according to their spectroscopic analysis, such as FT-IR, NMR and mass spectroscopy. These new compounds were tested for their antiproliferative activities on seven representative human tumoral cell lines (Huh7 D12, Caco2, MDA-MB231, MDA-MB468, HCT116, PC3 and MCF7) and also on fibroblasts. Among them, only the compounds 6c showed micromolar cytotoxic activity on tumor cell lines (1.8 50 50 > 25 μM). Finally, in silico ADMET studies ware performed to investigate the possibility of using of the identified compound 6c as potential anti-tumor compound.
基金the China Natural Science Fund(No.52171253)the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan(No.2022NSFSCO949).
文摘Accurate 3-dimensional(3-D)reconstruction technology for nondestructive testing based on digital radiography(DR)is of great importance for alleviating the drawbacks of the existing computed tomography(CT)-based method.The commonly used Monte Carlo simulation method ensures well-performing imaging results for DR.However,for 3-D reconstruction,it is limited by its high time consumption.To solve this problem,this study proposes a parallel computing method to accelerate Monte Carlo simulation for projection images with a parallel interface and a specific DR application.The images are utilized for 3-D reconstruction of the test model.We verify the accuracy of parallel computing for DR and evaluate the performance of two parallel computing modes-multithreaded applications(G4-MT)and message-passing interfaces(G4-MPI)-by assessing parallel speedup and efficiency.This study explores the scalability of the hybrid G4-MPI and G4-MT modes.The results show that the two parallel computing modes can significantly reduce the Monte Carlo simulation time because the parallel speedup increment of Monte Carlo simulations can be considered linear growth,and the parallel efficiency is maintained at a high level.The hybrid mode has strong scalability,as the overall run time of the 180 simulations using 320 threads is 15.35 h with 10 billion particles emitted,and the parallel speedup can be up to 151.36.The 3-D reconstruction of the model is achieved based on the filtered back projection(FBP)algorithm using 180 projection images obtained with the hybrid G4-MPI and G4-MT.The quality of the reconstructed sliced images is satisfactory because the images can reflect the internal structure of the test model.This method is applied to a complex model,and the quality of the reconstructed images is evaluated.
基金Funding for this study from Sai Gon University(Grant No.CSA2021–08).
文摘3-dimension(3-D)printing technology is growing strongly with many applications,one of which is the garment industry.The application of human body models to the garment industry is necessary to respond to the increasing personalization demand and still guarantee aesthetics.This paper proposes amethod to construct 3-D human models by applying deep learning.We calculate the location of the main slices of the human body,including the neck,chest,belly,buttocks,and the rings of the extremities,using pre-existing information.Then,on the positioning frame,we find the key points(fixed and unaltered)of these key slices and update these points tomatch the current parameters.To add points to a star slice,we use a deep learning model tomimic the form of the human body at that slice position.We use interpolation to produce sub-slices of different body sections based on the main slices to create complete body parts morphologically.We combine all slices to construct a full 3-D representation of the human body.
基金funding from the Australian Government,via Grant No.AUSMURIB000001 associated with ONR MURI Grant No.N00014-19-1-2571。
文摘This paper considers a time-constrained data collection problem from a network of ground sensors located on uneven terrain by an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV),a typical Unmanned Aerial System(UAS).The ground sensors harvest renewable energy and are equipped with batteries and data buffers.The ground sensor model takes into account sensor data buffer and battery limitations.An asymptotically globally optimal method of joint UAV 3D trajectory optimization and data transmission schedule is developed.The developed method maximizes the amount of data transmitted to the UAV without losses and too long delays and minimizes the propulsion energy of the UAV.The developed algorithm of optimal trajectory optimization and transmission scheduling is based on dynamic programming.Computer simulations demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
基金the two referees for very helpful comments and suggestions to improve the quality of the paper.This work was partially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang province of China(LY21A010017)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12071106,12171130).
文摘This paper concerns the sonic-supersonic structures of the transonic crossflow generated by the steady supersonic flow past an infinite cone of arbitrary cross section.Under the conical assumption,the three-dimensional(3-D)steady Euler equations can be projected onto the unit sphere and the state of fluid can be characterized by the polar and azimuthal angles.Given a segment smooth curve as a conical-sonic line in the polar-azimuthal angle plane,we construct a classical conical-supersonic solution near the curve under some reasonable assumptions.To overcome the difficulty caused by the parabolic degeneracy,we apply the characteristic decomposition technique to transform the Euler equations into a new degenerate hyperbolic system in a partial hodograph plane.The singular terms are isolated from the highly nonlinear complicated system and then can be handled successfully.We establish a smooth local solution to the new system in a suitable weighted metric space and then express the solution in terms of the original variables.
文摘Feature extraction is the most critical step in classification of multispectral image.The classification accuracy is mainly influenced by the feature sets that are selected to classify the image.In the past,handcrafted feature sets are used which are not adaptive for different image domains.To overcome this,an evolu-tionary learning method is developed to automatically learn the spatial-spectral features for classification.A modified Firefly Algorithm(FA)which achieves maximum classification accuracy with reduced size of feature set is proposed to gain the interest of feature selection for this purpose.For extracting the most effi-cient features from the data set,we have used 3-D discrete wavelet transform which decompose the multispectral image in all three dimensions.For selecting spatial and spectral features we have studied three different approaches namely overlapping window(OW-3DFS),non-overlapping window(NW-3DFS)adaptive window cube(AW-3DFS)and Pixel based technique.Fivefold Multiclass Support Vector Machine(MSVM)is used for classification purpose.Experiments con-ducted on Madurai LISS IV multispectral image exploited that the adaptive win-dow approach is used to increase the classification accuracy.
基金supported by the Chinese National General Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82072162(to XY)。
文摘Coordinated contraction of skeletal muscles relies on selective connections between the muscles and multiple classes of the spinal motoneuro ns.Howeve r,current research on the spatial location of the spinal motoneurons innervating differe nt muscles is limited.In this study,we investigated the spatial distribution and relative position of different motoneurons that control the deep muscles of the mouse hindlimbs,which were innervated by the obturator nerve,femoral nerve,inferior gluteal nerve,deep pe roneal nerve,and tibial nerve.Locations were visualized by combining a multiplex retrograde tracking technique compatible with three-dimensional imaging of solvent-cleared o rgans(3DISCO)and 3-D imaging technology based on lightsheet fluorescence microscopy(LSFM).Additionally,we propose the hypothesis that"messenger zones"exist as interlaced areas between the motoneuron pools that dominate the synergistic or antagonist muscle groups.We hypothesize that these interlaced neurons may participate in muscle coordination as messenger neurons.Analysis revealed the precise mutual positional relationships among the many motoneurons that innervate different deep muscles of the mouse.Not only do these findings update and supplement our knowledge regarding the overall spatial layout of spinal motoneurons that control mouse limb muscles,but they also provide insights into the mechanisms through which muscle activity is coordinated and the architecture of motor circuits.
文摘Objective: It is important and helpful for surgeons to understand the correlation between spinal anatomy and screw trajectory before surgery. We aimed to assess a simple technique using 3D imaging software available on the hospital intranet for visual and quantitative feedback to prepare surgeons for an appropriate entry point and safe trajectory when placing cervical screws. Methods: A total of 59 cervical screws were inserted from C1 to T1 in 12 consecutive patients using this technique. First, a single CT optimal slice was selected from 3D CT images of the cervical spine to determine the intervals of bilateral entry points and lateral angle. Next, this 3D image was rotated to the lateral angle. Finally, bone was cut out on the entry point using subtractive manipulation, which removed the core of the pedicle or lateral mass. Screw trajectory was indicated, and surgeons could assess the correlation between surface landmarks, spinal anatomy, and screw trajectory. Posterior cervical fusion was performed using fluoroscopy. Postoperative outcomes and incidence of complications were retrospectively assessed. Results: One perforation (1.4%) was identified on postoperative CT images. No vascular injuries occurred. Differences in the intended entry point location and lateral angle of the screw from actual postoperative values were 1.49 ± 1.23 mm and 5.46。 ± 4.46。, respectively. Conclusions: A novel 3D CT imaging assessment underwent in cervical screw fixation. This technique is easily accessible on the hospital intranet and provides training in cervical screw placement for fellows. Surgeons can simulate screw placement and share surgical strategy.
