Evaluation of Airway Obstruction at Soft Palate Level in Male Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea/Hypopnea Syndrome:Dynamic 3-Dimensional CT Imaging of Upper Airway

This study examined the dynamic characteristics of upper airway collapse at soft palate level in patients with obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome（OSAHS） by using dynamic 3-Dimensional（3-D） CT imaging.A total of 41 male patients who presented with 2 of the following symptoms,i.e.,daytime sleepiness and fatigue,frequent snoring,and apnea with witness,were diagnosed as having OSAHS.They underwent full-night polysomnography and then dynamic 3-D CT imaging of the upper airway during quiet breathing and in Muller＇s maneuver.The soft palate length（SPL）,the minimal cross-sectional area of the retropalatal region（mXSA-RP）,and the vertical distance from the hard palate to the upper posterior part of the hyoid（hhL） were compared between the two breathing states.These parameters,together with hard palate length（HPL）,were also compared between mild/moderate and severe OSAHS groups.Association of these parameters with the severity of OSAHS [as reflected by apnea hypopnea index（AHI） and the lowest saturation of blood oxygen（LSaO2）] was examined.The results showed that 31 patients had severe OSAHS,and 10 mild/moderate OSAHS.All the patients had airway obstruction at soft palate level.mXSA-RP was significantly decreased and SPL remarkably increased during Muller＇s maneuver as compared with the quiet breathing state.There were no significant differences in these airway parameters（except the position of the hyoid bone） between severe and mild/moderate OSAHS groups.And no significant correlation between these airway parameters and the severity of OSAHS was found.The position of hyoid was lower in the severe OSAHS group than in the mild/moderate OSAHS group.The patients in group with body mass index（BMI）≥26 had higher collapse ratio of mXSA-RP,greater neck circumference and smaller mXSA-RP in the Muller＇s maneuver than those in group with BMI26（P0.05 for all）.It was concluded that dynamic 3-D CT imaging could dynamically show the upper airway changes at soft palate level in OSAHS patients.All the OSAHS patients had airway obstruction of various degrees at soft palate level.But no correlation was observed between the airway change at soft palate level and the severity of OSAHS.The patients in group with BMI≥26 were more likely to develop airway obstruction at soft palate level than those with BMI26.

血清CA15-3和超声、CT、MRI检查对乳腺癌诊断价值的比较

目的:探讨了三种非创伤性影像检查方法,超声(US)、X线计算机断层摄影技术(CT)和磁共振成像(MRI)及血清CA15-3水平在乳腺癌诊断中的敏感性和准确性,以提高对乳腺癌早期诊断的方法。方法:回顾分析,比较38例乳腺癌患者的US、CT和MRI及CA15-3的优缺点。结果:乳腺癌的确诊率US为76.3%,CT为84.2%,MRI为93.8%,CA15-3为68.4%。US对乳腺癌的早期检出率较高,但确诊率较低。CT和MRI对乳腺癌的确诊率较高,血清CA15-3的确诊率较低。结论:US、CT、MRI和血清CA15-3各有其优点,合理的综合应用可提高对乳腺癌的早期诊断。

Preoperative liver functional volumetry performed by 3D-99mTc-GSA scintigraphy/vascular fusion imaging using SYNAPSE VINCENT: a preliminary study

Aim:The present study was designed to evaluate the feasibility of preoperative liver functional volumetry performed by 3D-technetium-99m-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid-galactosyl-human serum albumin(99mTc-GSA)scintigraphy/vascular fusion imaging using SYNAPSE VINCENT and to examine the discrepancy between conventional and functional volumetry.Methods:The study group comprised 15 patients who underwent preoperative 3-dimensional(3D)-99mTc-GSA scintigraphy/vascular fusion imaging using SYNAPSE VINCENT software before hepatectomy between July 2014 and August 2015.The diagnosis was hepatocellular carcinoma(n=4),metastatic liver tumor(n=10),or intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(n=1).Right hepatectomy was performed in 2 patients,left hepatectomy in 3 patients,right posterior sectionectomy in 3 patients,segmentectomy in 2 patients,and partial hepatectomy in 4 patients.99mTc-GSA scintigraphy and computed tomography(CT)were performed to construct 3D-99mTc-GSA scintigraphy/vascular fused images.The conventional volume ratio of the planned resection region without tumor(%CT),and the functional volume ratio of the planned resection region without tumor(%GSA)were calculated.The discrepancy ratio was calculated as follows:discrepancy ratio=100-%GSA/%CT×100(%).Results:The%GSA(17.9±16.7%)was significantly lower than the%CT(21.5±17.6%)(P<0.036).In all except 2 patients,the%GSA was lower than the%CT.The discrepancy ratio ranged from-4%to 75%(median,20.7%).Conclusion:3D-99mTc-GSA scintigraphy/vascular fused images constructed using SYNAPSE VINCENT were useful for noninvasively performing functional liver volumetry in patients scheduled to undergo various patterns of hepatectomy.In planned resection regions without tumor,the functional volume ratio was about 20%lower than the conventional volume ratio.

应用三维超声断层成像技术产前诊断胎儿阴茎阴囊转位

目的 分析胎儿阴茎阴囊转位在三维超声断层成像（TUI）中的图像特征，评价TUI诊断胎儿阴茎阴囊转位的价值。方法 34例可疑为阴茎阴囊转位的胎儿，胎儿孕周为24 ～ 40周，平均孕周32.0周。分别应用二维超声和三维超声TUI技术进行诊断，将两种检查技术所得到的检查结果进行比较。结果 34例胎儿中，生后或尸检证实31例为阴茎阴囊转位，应用三维TUI技术诊断胎儿阴茎阴囊转位的准确度（93.94 %）比应用二维超声诊断的准确度（66.67 %）高；两种方法对于诊断胎儿阴茎阴囊转位的差异有统计学意义（P 〈 0.05）。结论 三维TUI技术在产前诊断胎儿阴茎阴囊转位上具有较高的临床应用价值。