30-60-day Oscillations of Convection and Circulation Associated with the Thermal State of the Western Pacific Warm Pool during Boreal Summer

This study focuses on the characteristics of the 30 60-day oscillation (MJO) associated with the interannual variability of the thermal state in the western Pacific warm pool. The composite results show that, the amplitude of MJO convection over the tropical western Pacific tends to intensify (reduce) in the WARM (COLD) case. The negative correlations between MJO convection in the WARM and in the COLD cases are examined to be significant over most of the Asian-Pacific region. The evolutions of MJO convection and lower circulation, on the one hand, exhibit larger differences between the WARM and COLD cases, but on the other hand, display a unique feature in that a well-developed MJO cyclone (anticyclone) is anchored over the Asian-Western Pacific domain at the peak enhanced (suppressed) MJO convection phase over the western Pacific warm pool, either in the WARM or in the COLD case. This unique feature of MJO shows a Gill-type response of lower circulation to the convection and is inferred to be an inherent appearance of MJO. The context in the paper suggests there may exist interactions between MJO and the interannual variability of the thermal state in the western Pacific warm pool.

菊苣复合物30 d喂养实验对SD大鼠生理状况的影响

目的:分析了解在30 d喂养实验中使用菊苣复合物对SD大鼠进行喂养并观察SD大鼠的生理状况变化。方法:选取60只体型相似的SD大鼠进行为期30 d的喂养实验,将60只大鼠每30只分为一组,雌雄各半,分为观察组和对照组。观察组采用菊苣复合物对大鼠进行喂养,对照组则采用传统喂养方式对大鼠进行喂养,观察并记录菊苣复合物对大鼠生理状况的影响。结果:在30 d动物喂养期间,菊苣复合物未引起大鼠的生理、生化功能器官以及组织形态、整体健康状况等身体的各项指标的异常变化,各项检查结果对照组传统鼠粮与菊苣复合物喂养相比较,差异均无统计学意义。结论:30 d大鼠喂养实验后,对比喂养前前后以及观察组的数据分析食用菊苣复合物对大鼠的各项生理指标有明显的改善,所以菊苣复合物喂养SD大鼠对其的生理指标有益。

Bifurcation of Nonlinear Kelvin Wave-CISK with ConditionalHeating in a Truncated Spectral Model: A PossibleMechanism of 30-60-Day Oscillation at the Equator

In this paper, the nonlinear Kelvin wave equations with 'positive-only' nonlinear (conditional) heating at the equator are reduced to a sixth-order nonlinear ordinary differential equation by using the Galerkin spectral truncated method. The stability analysis indicates that when the heating parameter increases, the supercritical pitchfork and Hopf bifurcations can occur for the prescribed three heating profiles. Numerical calculations are made with the help of the fourth-order Rung-Kutta method. It is found that the convection heating-related Hopf bifurcation can lead to limit cycle and chaotic solutions. In a wide range of heating parameter, the solutions possess 30-60-day periods, and are dominated by wavenumbers one and two, especially by wavenumber-one. In addition, the zonal winds of the low-frequency solutions have a phase reversal between the upper and lower tropospheres. Thus, it appears that the convection heating-related Hopf bifurcation might be a possible mechanism of 30-60-day oscillation in the tropical atmosphere.

The 30–60-day Intraseasonal Variability of Sea Surface Temperature in the South China Sea during May–September

This study investigates the structure and propagation of intraseasonal sea surface temperature（SST） variability in the South China Sea（SCS） on the 30-60-day timescale during boreal summer（May-September）. TRMM-based SST, GODAS oceanic reanalysis and ERA-Interim atmospheric reanalysis datasets from 1998 to 2013 are used to examine quantitatively the atmospheric thermodynamic and oceanic dynamic mechanisms responsible for its formation. Power spectra show that the 30-60-day SST variability is predominant, accounting for 60% of the variance of the 10-90-day variability over most of the SCS. Composite analyses demonstrate that the 30-60-day SST variability is characterized by the alternate occurrence of basin-wide positive and negative SST anomalies in the SCS, with positive（negative） SST anomalies accompanied by anomalous northeasterlies（southwesterlies）. The transition and expansion of SST anomalies are driven by the monsoonal trough-ridge seesaw pattern that migrates northward from the equator to the northern SCS. Quantitative diagnosis of the composite mixed-layer heat budgets shows that, within a strong 30-60-day cycle, the atmospheric thermal forcing is indeed a dominant factor, with the mixed-layer net heat flux（MNHF） contributing around 60% of the total SST tendency, while vertical entrainment contributes more than 30%. However, the entrainment-induced SST tendency is sometimes as large as the MNHF-induced component, implying that ocean processes are sometimes as important as surface fluxes in generating the30-60-day SST variability in the SCS.

Research on 30 days Feeding Test of Rats with Irradiated Pet Food

[ Object] The research is aimed to provide scientific basis for irradiated pet food＇s standardized production, supervision and commercial- ized application. E Method] Take broiler breast meat with high-dose irradiation as testing material, then evaluate its safety after 30 days feeding test of rats [ Result] Compared with control group （Pet food＇s irradiation dose is 0 kGy）, the general situation, weight, food-intake, food utilization rate, hematological examinations, bio-chemical analysis of blood, viscera weight, ratio of viscera and body weight, histopathological examinations, physi- ological feature, life＇s basic characteristics （including height, tail length, body temperature, heart rate and blood pressure ） and other indexes of rats, which were fed respectively with 10, 15, 25 kGy irradiation dose pet food for 30 days, were not found abnormal. [ Conclusion] Pet food with 10, 15, 25kGy irradiation dose is safe.

Predictors of 30-day readmission following pancreatic surgery:A retrospective review

Background： Pancreatectomies have been identified as procedures with an increased risk of readmission.In surgical patients, readmissions within 30 days of discharge are usually procedure-related. We sought to determine predictors of 30-day readmission following pancreatic resections in a large healthcare system.Methods： We retrospectively collected information from the records of 383 patients who underwent pancreaticresections from 2004–2013. To find the predictors of readmission in the 30 days after discharge,we performed a univariate screen of possible variables using the Fisher’s exact test for categorical variables and the Mann–Whitney U test for continuous variables. Multivariate analysis was used to determinethe independent factors.

The effects of 90-day feeding of D-psicose syrup in male wistar rats

D-Psicose is a rare sugar present in small quantities in natural products. In a previous study, we showed that D-psicose suppresses increase in plasma glucose and reduces body fat accumulation in rats. Based on acute and chronic toxicity testing in rats, D-psicose is classified as an ordinary and safe substance. Recently, we developed a high D-psicose syrup (PS) made from high fructose corn syrup (HFCS) by the alkaline isomerization method. However, the safety of PS as a food additive has not been demonstrated. In this study, we investigated the effects of 90-day feeding of PS in male Wistar rats. The rats were fed diets containing 3% D-psicose (control) or 4.3% PS for 90 days. The body weight gain and intra-abdominal adipose tissue weight did not differ between the control and PS group. The weights of the tissues did not differ between the two dietary groups. In clinical chemistry and hematological analyses, no differences were found between the control and PS groups. No gross pathological findings were evident at dietary doses of 4.3% PS. Therefore, the present study found no adverse effects of PS in rats fed a diet containing 4.3% PS for 90 days.

麒麟菜膳食纤维对SD大鼠30天喂养实验和致畸作用

为评价麒麟菜(Eucheuma)膳食纤维的食用安全性,按照中国食品安全性毒理学评价方法对SD大鼠进行了30 d喂养和传统致畸实验。30 d喂养实验,分对照组和低、中、高剂量组,分别将麒麟菜膳食纤维用0%、1%、5%、10%的剂量添加于饲料中通过30 d混饲方式给予受试物,实验期间观察其一般状况、体重、摄食量、食物利用率。第30天处死各组大鼠,对血液学指标、血清生化指标、器官以及组织病理学检查。传统致畸实验,分阴性对照组和10%饲料添加量的剂量组,另设阳性对照组,以浓缩鱼肝油25 mL/kg BW灌胃,实验期间按时检查孕鼠体重,实验末期取胎检查其外观、记录死、活胎数及骨骼和内脏的异常情况。结果表明,30 d喂养实验中,动物生长正常,无一死亡或中毒症状,各项观察指标不随剂量的增大和受试时间的延长出现剂量反应关系;致畸实验中,孕鼠生长良好,胚胎发育正常,胎鼠异常率均在自然发生率范围内。因此,可认为麒麟菜膳食纤维无毒、无致畸作用,食用安全可靠。[中国水产科学,2006,13(1):65-72]

SD大鼠30天喂养试验食物利用率及脏器系数正常值探讨

目的 :探讨 SD大鼠 3 0 d喂养试验中食物利用率及脏器系数各指标的正常值范围。方法 :收集 2 1个批次 ,雌雄各 2 10只 SD大鼠的体重增长、食物利用率和脏器系数等指标进行统计分析。结果 :雄在鼠的增重、摄食量和食物利用率均显著高于雌大鼠 ,表明雄性大鼠的生长发育速度快于雌性 ,而同龄大鼠的脏器系数则无明的性别差异。结论 :本研究所得各指标 95 %正常值范围与文献报道基本一致。脾脏的脏器系数变异较大 ,提示在用该指标评价 3

六味葛蓝降脂片大鼠30d喂养试验研究

目的通过大鼠30 d喂养试验,探讨六味葛蓝降脂片的安全性。方法选取80只大鼠,随机分为3个剂量组和1个对照组(共4组),每组20只,雌、雄各10只。剂量组给予15.0、10.0、5.0 g/(kg·BW)的剂量(人体可能摄入量的150、100、50倍),对照组灌服等体积蒸馏水,每天灌胃1次,连续30 d后对大鼠各项指标进行观察。结果各剂量组与对照组在试验过程中均生长良好,无死亡,未发现异常体征。各剂量组的体重增长率、食物利用率、血液学指标、血液生化指标、脏/体比值等指标与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论在本实验的剂量范围内,六味葛蓝降脂片大鼠30 d喂养未见短期的毒副作用。

“糖脂康”对SD大鼠30天喂养实验研究

目的:观察功能性食品"糖脂康"的安全性。方法:选用健康断乳SD大鼠为受试对象,随机分为4组。分别以1 875、3 750、7 500 mg/kg.BW剂量的糖脂康样品掺入基础饲料中喂养,对照组则给予基础饲料,连续30 d后检测相应指标。结果:试验期间及实验结束时,各剂量组动物体重增长、食物利用率、血常规、血生化指标及脏体系数均在正常范围内,与对照组比较,差异均无显著性(P>0.05);病理组织学检查表明各实验组大鼠肝、肾、胃、肠、脾、睾丸和卵巢等组织均未见有病理改变。结论:糖脂康对大鼠的生长、发育、代谢及脏器无急性不良影响,在本实验剂量范围内,无短期毒副作用。

一种保健功能青红酒30天喂养试验研究

目的:大鼠灌胃黄精青红酒进行30天喂养试验,初步评价其安全性。方法:黄精青红酒以3.33 mL/kg·bw/d、7.23 mL/kg·bw/d、11.12 mL/kg·bw/d(相当于人体推荐量的30倍、65倍、100倍)的剂量给予大鼠30天,测定血液学指标和血液生化指标。结果:受试动物一般情况良好,体重无异常改变;血液学指标及生化指标结果显示,各项指标均在正常值范围内。结论:30天喂养试验,给予动物人体推荐剂量100倍的黄精青红酒,未观察到有害作用。

长生牌鹿茸片抗疲劳及大鼠30天喂养试验研究

为检测长生牌鹿茸片的抗疲劳功能及安全性,通过大鼠30天喂养试验观察和小鼠负重游泳试验,确定长生牌鹿茸片对大鼠各项指标的影响,及其短期毒性作用及抗疲劳功能。试验选用SPF级Wistar大鼠,雌雄各40只,随机分为低、中、高剂量组及对照组,每组雌雄各10只,连续喂养30天后对大鼠各项指标进行检测观察。选用SPF级ICR雄性小鼠40只,末次给予受试物30 min后,置小鼠在游泳箱中游泳,记录小鼠自游泳开始至死亡时间。结果表明30天喂养试验对照组及各剂量组大鼠的生长发育良好、无死亡,未观察到任何异常;体重增长、食物利用率、血常规、血生化等指标及脏体比均在正常范围内,无显著性差异(P>0.05);高剂量组大鼠肝、肾、脾、睾丸、卵巢未见病理改变。小鼠负重游泳试验表明长生牌鹿茸片能延长小鼠负重游泳时间而对小鼠增重无影响。综上所述,在本实验条件下,长生牌鹿茸片对大鼠30天喂养无短期毒副作用且具有抗疲劳功能。

牡荆水提物急性毒性与30d喂养试验研究

为探讨牡荆作为中兽药使用的可行性与安全性,本试验对牡荆水提物进行急性毒性试验与30 d喂养试验研究。急性毒性试验采用20只SPF级昆明小鼠,随机均分为药物组和空白对照组,药物组按生药浓度40 mg/g体重进行灌胃,空白对照组灌胃等体积生理盐水,连续观察7 d,结束后重复试验1次;30 d喂养试验采用80只SPF级SD大鼠,随机均分为高(40 mg/g体重)、中(20 mg/g体重)、低(10 mg/g体重)剂量组和空白对照组4个组进行药料饲喂,每组雌雄各半,连续给药30 d,每周称重1次,第30天称重后采血检测血液学指标和血液生化指标,取脏器称重计算脏器系数,高剂量组和空白对照组主要脏器固定后制作切片观察组织病变。结果显示,急性毒性试验中,牡荆水提物的LD50>40000 mg/kg体重。30 d喂养试验中,大鼠整体状况良好,除高剂量组的体增重极显著低于空白对照组(P<0.01)外,其他各剂量组与空白对照组无差异;高剂量组雄性大鼠脾脏和中剂量组雄性大鼠睾丸脏器系数均显著高于空白对照组(P<0.05),高剂量组雄性大鼠睾丸的脏器系数极显著高于空白对照组(P<0.01),雌性大鼠各剂量组与空白对照组间脏器系数无显著差异(P>0.05)。中剂量组和低剂量组单核细胞数量分别极显著和显著高于空白对照组(P<0.01;P<0.05),其他各剂量组各项血液学指标和血液生化指标与空白对照组之间均无显著差异(P>0.05),且均处于正常范围内。组织病理学检查未发现明显变化。结果表明,本试验条件下牡荆水提物无明显急性毒性和亚急性毒性,安全性较高,可作为一种安全的中兽药进行进一步开发利用。

富硒油菜粉急性毒性研究及30天喂养实验

以硒含量为4000 mg/kg的富硒油菜粉为材料,研究其对大鼠的急性毒性和安全性.急性毒性实验选用霍恩法,剂量选取0.316、1.000、3.160、10.000 g/kg·BW 4个剂量组,一次经口灌胃,14 d观察期;安全性试验采用30 d喂养实验,对照组灌胃蒸馏水,实验组剂量为0.360 mg/kg·BW的富硒油菜粉,30 d内每日灌胃.观察期结束后剖检大鼠,观察病变状况,取主要脏器称重计算脏器比.结果显示:急性毒性实验中最高剂量组死亡2只,其余组无死亡,死亡大鼠肺部出血严重,肝脏病变严重,富硒油菜粉对大鼠的急性毒性靶器官主要是肝脏、肾脏、肺脏、心脏和脾脏,各类脏器指数与其余剂量组间存在显著性差异(P<0.05);其余各剂量组间各类脏器指数无显著性差异(P>0.05).在30 d喂养实验中,实验组的雌、雄大鼠无明显异常,与对照组相比各类脏器指数、尿素(Urea)、肌酐(CRE)和谷草转氨酶(AST)无显著性差异(P>0.05),雄性组的谷丙转氨酶(ALT)存在显著性差异(P<0.05).结果表明,富硒油菜粉对大鼠灌胃给药的LD_(50)为11.75 g/kg·BW(以硒计为47 mg/kg·BW),大于10 g/kg·BW,为实际无毒类物质,具有成为优质硒补充剂的潜力;30 d喂养实验表明以0.09 g/kg·BW的富硒油菜粉喂养,未产生有害作用.

柞蚕雌蛾女性功能食品大鼠30天喂养试验研究

研究确定柞蚕雌蛾女性功能食品的安全性,对雌性大鼠进行柞蚕雌蛾女性功能食品的30天喂养毒理试验,分析其血液学和血液生化学指标,观察其可能出现的毒性反应的可逆程度、作用靶器官和恢复情况。结果表明:通过观察各组织器官的病理形态学、分析各血液学指标和血液生化指标,给药组大鼠的组织器官形态结构及各项指标与正常对照组无差别,未检出明显的有规律的病理性改变。因此,该功能食品对大鼠的各脏器没有明显毒性作用。

茶黄素的毒理学评价研究

目的:对酶促合成茶黄素的毒理学安全性进行系统评价,为其应用安全提供科学依据。方法:通过急性经口毒性试验、Ames试验、骨髓细胞微核试验、精子畸形试验和大鼠30 d喂养试验等毒理学评价试验,评估茶黄素的生物安全性。结果:茶黄素对小鼠经口急性毒性的LD50值介于2.33~3.16 g/kg·BW。遗传毒性试验结果未观察到受试物引起致突变作用,大鼠30天喂养试验发现,大鼠体重、进食量、食物利用率以及血液学指标、末期血生化指标(不含血糖)、脏体比等与对照组相比均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。脏器组织病理学等正常,各剂量组均未见引起大鼠中毒性损伤改变。结论:酶促合成茶黄素急性毒性分级属低毒级,无遗传毒性,在该试验研究剂量和条件下未见明显毒性作用。

鱼油软胶囊的毒理安全性评价

为评价鱼油软胶囊的毒理安全性,对鱼油软胶囊进行小鼠急性毒性试验、遗传毒性试验和30天喂养试验,遗传毒性试验包括鼠伤寒沙门氏菌/哺乳动物微粒体酶试验、骨髓细胞微核试验、小鼠精子畸形试验。小鼠急性毒性试验结果显示,最大耐受量不低于53.7 g/kg;遗传毒性试验结果显示,在5.0 g/皿及以下剂量时均未出现有直接或者间接的致突变作用,在10.0 g/kg及以下剂量,骨髓细胞微核试验和小鼠精子畸形试验结果均为阴性;在3.333 g/kg及以下剂量,30天喂养试验大鼠未出现与鱼油软胶囊相关毒性作用。表明鱼油软胶囊基本无毒性。

The Anzhen Risk Scoring System for Acute Type A Aortic Dissection:A Prospective Observational Study Protocol

Introduction:Acute type A aortic dissection(ATAAD)is a catastrophic disease with fatal outcomes.Malperfusion syndrome(MPS)is a serious complication of ATAAD,with an incidence of 20–40%.Many studies have shown that MPS is the main risk factor for poor ATAAD prognosis.However,a risk scoring system for ATAAD based on MPS is lacking.Here,we designed a risk scoring system for ATAAD to assess mortality through quantitative assessment of relevant organ malperfusion and subsequently develop rational treatment strategies.Methods and analysis:This was a prospective observational study.Patients’perioperative clinical data were col-lected to establish a database of ATAAD(N≥3000)and determine whether these patients had malperfusion complica-tions.The Anzhen risk scoring system was established on the basis of organ malperfusion by using a random forest survival model and a logistics model.The better method was then chosen to establish a revised risk scoring system.Ethics and dissemination:This study received ethical approval from the Ethics Committees of Beijing Anzhen Hospital,Capital Medical University(KS2019034-1).Patient consent was waived because biological samples were not collected,and no patient rights were violated.Findings will be disseminated at scientific conferences and in peer-reviewed publications.

菊苣复合物对大鼠的毒性实验研究

目的探讨菊苣复合物30 d喂养实验对SD大鼠生理状况的影响。方法选取SD大鼠88只,随机分为四组,分别为对照组、菊苣复合物低、中、高剂量组,每组22只,雌雄各半,对照组大鼠予基础饲料,动物自由摄食;低、中、高剂量组分别给予2.00、4.67、6.67 g/(kg·bw)的菊苣复合物,相当于人体摄入量4.0 g/(人·d)的30、70、100倍。连续喂饲30 d后进行血清生化学、血液学、组织病理学检查和脏器系数等测定。结果动物在30 d喂养期间,菊苣复合物未引起大鼠生理生化功能、器官组织形态学和整体健康状况等各项重要指标的异常变化,各检验结果,对照组与菊苣复合物低、中、高剂量组比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论菊苣复合物30 d喂养实验显示,高、中、低各剂量组受试物大鼠各指标均未见明显异常,对大鼠无明显毒性反应。