3D FEM simulation of flow velocity field for 5052 aluminum alloy multi-row sprocket in cold semi-precision forging process

Based on the design of the multi-row sprocket with a new tooth profile,a cold semi-precision forging process for manufacturing 5052 aluminum alloy multi-row sprocket was presented.Through simulating the forging process of 5052 aluminum alloy sprocket billet with 3D rigid-viscoplastic FEM,both the distributions of flow velocity field in axial(U_Z),radial(U_R) and circumferential(U_θ) directions and the curves of velocity component in different deformation regions were respectively obtained.By comparison and analysis of the velocity varying curves,the velocity component relation conditions for filling the die cavity were clarified.It shows that when the die cavity is almost fully filled,the circumferential velocity U_θ increases sharply,implying that U_θplays a key role in fully filling the die cavity.

大型高架桥无支架盖梁施工过程模板受力特性的3D-FEM模拟分析

以上海S32高速公路闵浦大桥西侧引桥段的盖梁施工为例,通过合理的边界条件处理,基于ABAQUS有限元分析软件建立了复杂结构的3D-FEM模型,并以混凝土弹性模量和泊松比的变化模拟实际施工,进而分析无支架盖梁的受力状态.计算结果与现场实测的结果基本吻合,为无支架盖梁施工技术的研究分析提供了参考方法.研究表明:混凝土浇注完成约10 h左右,即具有90%的设计强度,基本能承受自身重力荷载,盖梁的竖向及横向荷载逐渐向混凝土转移;同时,该时间的确定为现场确定拆模时间、提高施工进度提供了依据.

3D FEM simulation of responses of LWD multi-mode resistivity imaging sonde

A new multi-mode resistivity imaging sonde, with toroidal coils as source, can conduct three resistivity measurements: azimuthal resistivity, lateral resistivity, and bit resistivity measurements. Thus, the logging time and cost are greatly saved. The toroidal coils are simplified as an extended voltage dipole and the response equations are derived for a homogenous formation. Based on 3D FEM, the depth of investigation(DOI), vertical resolution, circumferential azimuthal capacity, borehole diameter, mud resistivity, thickness of target formation, and the resistivity of the surrounding formation and mud invasion are simulated. The results suggest that the three measurement modes of the new sonde are different in vertical resolutions and DOIs. The circumferential detection ability of the azimuth button depends on the contrast between the anomaly and formation resistivity and the open angle of the anomaly. Whether the borehole is truncated at the bit or not has a great influence on the simulation results. The borehole and mud invasion affect the apparent resistivity in all modes, but the effects of resistivity of surrounding formation and thickness of the target formation are only corrected for lateral resistivity measurement.

Mathematical Modelling and 3D FEM Analysis of the Influence of Initial Stresses on the ERR in a Band Crack’s Front in the Rectangular Orthotropic Thick Plate

This paper deals with the mathematical modelling and 3D FEM study of the energy release rate(ERR)in the band crack’s front contained in the orthotropic thick rectangular plate which is stretched or compressed initially before the loading of the crack's edge planes.The initial stretching or compressing of the plate causes uniformly distributed normal stress to appear acting in the direction which is parallel to the plane on which the band crack is located.After the appearance of the initial stress in the plate it is assumed that the crack's edge planes are loaded with additional uniformly distributed normal forces and the ERR caused with this additional loading is studied.The corresponding boundary value problem is formulated within the scope of the so-called 3D linearized theory of elasticity which allows the initial stress on the values of the ERR to be taken into consideration.Numerical results on the influence of the initial stress,anisotropy properties of the plate material,the crack’s length and its distance from the face planes of the plate on the values of the ERR,are presented and discussed.In particular,it is established that for the relatively greater length of the crack’s band,the initial stretching of the plate causes a decrease,but the initial compression causes an increase in the values of the ERR.

HEXAHEDRAL ELEMENT REFINEMENT FOR THE PREDICTION- CORRECTION ALE FEM SIMULATION OF 3D BULKINGFORMING PROCESS

Based on the characteristics of 3D bulk forming process, the arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) formulation-based FEM is studied, and a prediction-correction ALE-based FEM is proposed which integrates the advantages of precisely predicting the boundary configuration of the deformed material, and of efficiently avoiding hexahedron remeshing processes. The key idea of the prediction-correction ALE FEM is elaborated in detail. Accordingly, the strategy of mesh quality control, one of the key enabling techniques for the 3D bulk forming process numerical simulation by the prediction-correction ALE FEM is carefully investigated, and the algorithm for hexahedral element refinement is formulated based on the mesh distortion energy.

Meshing effects of the 3-D FEM numerical modeling in seismo-electromagnetics:An application in selectivity of seismic electric signal (SES)

We investigated how density and quality of mesh around interest domain affect electromagnetic （EM） responses of 3D Earth layered media using finite element method （FEM）. Effect of different mesh shapes was also investigated using a method of mixing structured and unstructured mesh. As a case study, we estimated the effects of meshing on selectivity phenomenon of seismic electric signal （SES）. Our results suggest that the relative errors resulting from mesh effects may not be negligible, which may lead to some unconvincing explanation of the SES selectivity based on the numerical modeling results.

FEM Study of the Strain Kinematics in the 3D Nanofibrous Structure Prepared by the Electrospinning Process

Finite element model (FEM) was used for the study and description of the arising 3D nanofiber structure strain caused by the pressure of the flowing gas. Computer simulation using an adaptive networking through implicit FEM algorithm can be utilized for a significant improvement of the study of anisotropic strain in the deformed 3D nanostructure. The created model is based on the empirical Laplace-Poisson differential equation for the flow, where gas particles are moving with certain kinetic energy. The kinetic energy depends on the speed, time and temperature and affects the resulting strain of 3D nanofiber structure. The simulation results were compared to the results obtained from the image analysis of real samples and showed that this FEM model can determine individual phases of structure strain. The comparison shows that the developed FEM model can be an important tool in the study of the strain in the arising 3D nano- fiber structure and it can provide valuable information for optimization of 3D nanofiber structure production by the electrospinning process.

Analysis of ground vibrations induced by high-speed train moving on pile-supported subgrade using three-dimensional FEM

The pile-supported subgrade has been widely used in high-speed railway construction in China.To investigate the ground vibrations of such composite foundation subjected to moving loads induced by high-speed trains(HSTs),three-dimensional(3D)finite element method(FEM)models involving the pile,pile cap and cushion are established.Validation of the proposed model is conducted through comparison of model predictions with the field measurements.On this basis,ground vibrations generated by HSTs under different train speeds as well as the ground vibration attenuation with the distance away from the track centerline are investigated.In addition,the effects of piles and pile elastic modulus on ground vibrations are well studied.Results show that the pile-reinforcement of the subgrade could significantly contribute to the reduction of ground vibrations.In particular,the increase of elastic modulus of pile could lead to consistent reduction of ground vibrations.However,when the pile elastic modulus is beyond 10 GPa,this benefit of pile-reinforcement on vibration isolation can hardly be increased further.

DEFORM-3D软件在叶片锻坯结构形式选取中的应用

在叶片锻造过程中,由于变形量大,锻出的叶片会出现如褶皱、裂纹这样的缺陷。为了提高生产效率,一般要求在螺旋压力机上一次锻造成形。因此,采用合理的毛坯结构形式在最小成形载荷下来获得最低程度的缺陷就显得十分重要。常规用来选择叶片锻坯合理结构形式的方法有诸多缺点,采用有限元方法将会在很大程度上弥补这些不足。

ANALYSIS OF SLAB EDGING BY A 3-D RIGID VISCO-PLASTIC FINITE ELEMENT METHOD

3-D rigid visco-plastic finite element method (FEM) is used in the analysisof metal forming processes, including strip and plate rolling, shape rolling, slab edging, specialstrip rolling. The shifted incomplete Cholesky decomposition of the stiffness matrix with thesolution of the equations for velocity increment by the conjugate gradient method is combined. Thistechnique, termed the shifted ICCG method, is then employed to solve the slab edging problem. Theperformance of this algorithm in terms of the number of iterations, friction variation, shiftedparameter psi and the results of simulation for processing parameters are analysed. Numerical testsand application of this technique verify the efficiency and stability of the shifted ICCG method inthe analysis of slab edging.

A 3D Numerical Simulation of Sand Drain Element in the Soft Soil of Guangzhou-Zhujiang Highway,China

The behavior of sand drain was estimated so that the size of very large load-pressure could be eliminated by changing the configuration of the sand drain elements into sand wall.A 3D mathematical model was formulated to transform the configuration of a sand drain into a sand wall to minimize or eliminate the excessive stress and primary settlement on the road base.This was barely considered in the past. According to soil mechanics theory and seepage characteristics of sand drain in road base foundations, a 3D sand drain element in FEM format was generated,and a matrix expression was formulated which was introduced into 3D Biot Consolidation

Simulation of seafloor electrical resistivity measuring equipment based on 3D finite element method

In order to explore the mineral resources buried in sea mud,it is necessary to use seabed resistivity measuring equipment,which works closer to the sediments than ordinary ship-based geophysical measuring equipment. Because of the harsh environment of seafloor,high pressure and highly conductive seawater,marine magnetotelluric method developed slowly. The sea floor environment is similar to the environment of logging, According to the design of dual lateral logging equipment,a new equipment for seafloor electrical resistivity measurement is designed. Four 3D FEM models that contain resistivity abnormal targets are built to test the ability of this equipment to locate different shape of shallow buried resistivity abnormal targets in sea mud. The authors propose the method to correct the response curve while the bottom surface of this equipment is suspended or not parallel to the seafloor. The resistivity of targets can be calculated accurately.

Stochastic analysis of excavation-induced wall deflection and box culvert settlement considering spatial variability of soil stiffness

In this study, a three-dimensional (3D) finite element modelling (FEM) analysis is carried out to investigate the effects of soil spatial variability on the response of retaining walls and an adjacent box culvert due to a braced excavation. The spatial variability of soil stiffness is modelled using a variogram and calibrated by high-quality experimental data. Multiple random field samples (RFSs) of soil stiffness are generated using geostatistical analysis and mapped onto a finite element mesh for stochastic analysis of excavation-induced structural responses by Monte Carlo simulation. It is found that the spatial variability of soil stiffness can be described by an exponential variogram, and the associated vertical correlation length is varied from 1.3 m to 1.6 m. It also reveals that the spatial variability of soil stiffness has a significant effect on the variations of retaining wall deflections and box culvert settlements. The ignorance of spatial variability in 3D FEM can result in an underestimation of lateral wall deflections and culvert settlements. Thus, the stochastic structural responses obtained from the 3D analysis could serve as an effective aid for probabilistic design and analysis of excavations.

3D RIGID－PLASTIC FINTEELEMENT ANALYSIS OF BACKWARD SPINNING OF CYLINDRICAL WORKPIECE

Backward spinning is analyzed by 3D rigid-plastic FEM.A 3D mechanical model for backward spinning is presented. The distributions are obtained of strain一rate and stress in the con- tact area of the roller and its adjacent area.The results can well intemret the principle of defonnation of backward spinning. The relationship between the roller angle and three components ofspinning force is found out, and the optimum roller angle, when the general spinning foree gets to the minimum value, is calculated. The distributions of defonnation area obtained by FEM agree with the experimental result well.

上颌前牙段Tip-Edge正畸矫治系统三维有限元模型的建立

目的:建立带Tip-Edge托槽的上颌前牙段牙齿(33)及牙周组织的三维有限元模型,为Tip-Edge矫治技术的生物力学分析奠定基础。方法:通过多层螺旋CT扫描上颌骨,采用Mimics10.01重建上颌骨与33牙齿;采用Geomagic stu-dio10软件去除坏点,并对上颌骨及牙齿进行面网格划分;在牙根表面向外均匀偏移0.25mm,生成牙周膜前体;利用UG5.0软件建立Tip-Edge托槽及尺寸为0.55mm×0.71mm的矩形弓丝的实体模型;利用ANSYS10.0软件进行布尔运算生成牙周膜并组装弓丝、Tip-Edge托槽、上颌骨、33牙齿及相应牙周膜,进行网格划分。结果:建立了带托槽的上颌骨、33牙齿及牙周组织的Tip-Edge矫治系统三维有限元模型。建模过程中托槽模型的轴倾角、转矩角等数据与托槽的实际数据是相一致的。对模型施加一定的约束与载荷之后即可进行相应的有限元力学分析。结论:结合运用Mimics、Geomagic studio、UG、ANSYS等软件建立的Tip-Edge矫治系统的三维有限元实体模型真实有效,建模方法实用,可根据需要进行不同的力学分析。

复杂断块构造的地应力场研究——以海拉尔盆地贝尔凹陷希3断块为例

根据贝尔凹陷希3断块的井孔崩落资料以及差应变和波速各向异性法得到的地应力测量数据,采用有限元约束优化反演法,对希3断块的三维地应力场进行了模拟,探讨了断层对地应力场的影响以及断块构造的地应力分布特征.研究结果表明:断层附近的地应力分布主要受邻近断层的影响,且与扰乱程度、断层的几何尺寸和距离断层的远近等因素相关.不同类型断层的纵向延伸加剧了纵向上地应力场分布的复杂性.这一现象在单断式断块油气藏有所体现,在双断式、三断式以及断阶式断块油气藏中表现得尤为突出;断层对应力方向的扰动作用在弹性模量高的硬地层中更为剧烈.离散"点"的实测值不能全面反映断块构造应力场全貌,三维数值模拟是断块油气藏地应力场定量分析的有效手段.

种植体支持对KennedyⅠ类可摘局部义齿应力分布的影响

目的:分析增加种植体支持对于KennedyⅠ类缺失可摘局部义齿应力分布影响。方法:应用三维有限元法,在不同加载条件下分析比较有无种植体支持对于双侧后牙游离缺失可摘局部义齿应力分布的影响。结果:增加种植体支持可以显著降低可摘局部义齿基托的位移,减小义齿基牙牙周膜和基托下支持组织的应力。结论:由种植体支持的可摘局部义齿有利于保护义齿基牙及基托下支持组织的健康。

真空-堆载联合预压软基中PVD单元的构造及应用

根据真空-堆载联合预压软基中塑料排水板的作用特点,提出了PVD单元的概念以及有限元格式、矩阵表达式,并将其结合到三维Biot固结有限元程序中.对真空-堆载联合预压计算例题,用PVD单元有限元法、常规有限元法进行了计算、比较,结果表明PVD单元有限元法能较好地模拟塑料排水板在真空-堆载联合预压地基中的应用.

8300柴油机曲轴的三维有限元计算分析

用ansys软件对8300柴油机曲轴单拐进行了三维有限元计算分析,特别对其载荷和边界条件的处理做了详细讨论。并对该曲轴进行了疲劳校核,提出了提高曲轴强度的方案。

MIDAS/Civil在预应力空心板简支梁桥结构抗震分析中的应用

以有限单元法基本理论为基础,介绍了有限元通用软件MIDAS/Civil在预应力空心板简支梁桥结构抗震计算中的应用问题.采用三维有限元法,实现了预应力空心板简支梁桥的动力特性模拟,分析了在E1、E2地震作用下,桥梁各控制截面的抗弯能力、抗剪能力,以及支座厚度和抗弯稳定性等抗震性能,并提出切实可行的抗震措施,为桥梁施工质量控制提供必要的理论指导与技术支持.