Recent exploration results indicate that a significant exploration potential remains in the Dongying Depression of the Bohai Bay Basin and the undiscovered oil and gas are largely reservoired in subtle traps including...Recent exploration results indicate that a significant exploration potential remains in the Dongying Depression of the Bohai Bay Basin and the undiscovered oil and gas are largely reservoired in subtle traps including turbidite litholigcal traps of the Sha-3 Member. In order to effectively guide the exploration program targeting turbidites, this study will focus on the depositional models of the Sha-3 Member turbidites and oil/gas accumulation characteristics in these turbidites. Two corresponding relationships were found. One is that the East African Rift Valley provides a modern analog for the depositional systems in the Dongying Depression. The other is that the depositional models of line-sourced slope aprons, single point-source submarine fan and multiple source ramp turbidite, established for deep-sea turbidites, can be applied to interpret the depositional features of the turbidite fans of three different origins: slope turbidite aprons, lake floor turbidite fans and delta-fed turbidite fans in the Sha-3 Member. Updip sealing integrity is the key factor determining whether oil/gas accumulates or not in the slope aprons and lake floor fans. The factors controlling oil/gas migration and accumulation in the delta-fed turbidite fans are not very clear. Multiple factors rather than a single factor probably played significant roles in these processes.展开更多
To explore the differences of carbohydrate metabolism in two tomato species and discuss the possible regulation of 14-3-3 proteins on the sucrose phosphate synthase （SPS） activity, we determined the contents of solu...To explore the differences of carbohydrate metabolism in two tomato species and discuss the possible regulation of 14-3-3 proteins on the sucrose phosphate synthase （SPS） activity, we determined the contents of soluble sugar and starch through high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）. The activities of sugar-metabolizing enzymes were assayed in desalted extract, and the relative expression levels of related genes in sugar metabolism were determined though real-time RT-PCR. The results indicated that glucose and fructose were mainly accumulated during the maturation of the fruit because of the high acid invertase （AI） and neutral invertase （NI） in Micro-Tom （Solanum lycopersicum） fruit, while in Solanum chmielewskii fruit, SPS which went along with the change of sucrose content led to the rapid sucrose increase during the fruit ripening. TFT1 and TFT10, belonging to 14-3-3 protein in tomato, were likely to down-regulated SPS activity during young and intumescence period.展开更多
Similar reservoir sandbodies and fault conduit systems in the sandstone reservoirs in the middle Es3 member of the Niuzhuang Sag have been problematic for a long time. The following problems remain unsolved： 1） The ...Similar reservoir sandbodies and fault conduit systems in the sandstone reservoirs in the middle Es3 member of the Niuzhuang Sag have been problematic for a long time. The following problems remain unsolved： 1） The distribution of sandstone porosity is inconsistent with the hydrocarbon accumulation. The oil sandstones have low porosity instead of high porosity. 2） Sandstones, which have the same properties, have different levels of oiliness, and the sandstones with almost the same properties show different degrees of oil-bearing capacity. This study analyzes the condition of reservoirs in the research area during the accumulation period in terms of paleoporosity estimation and discusses the critical porosity of the sandstone reservoirs during the same period. The following conclusions can be drawn from the results. 1） Although reservoir properties are low at present and some reservoirs have become tight, the paleoporosity ranging from 18% to 25% is greater than the critical porosity of 13.9%. As the： loss of porosity is different in terms of burial history, the present porosity cannot reflect porosity during the accumulation period. Similar/y, high porosity during the accumulation period does not indicate that tbe present porosity is high. 2） The present reservoir location is consistent with the distribution of high paleoporosity during the accumulation period. This result indicates that high porosity belts are prone to hydrocarbon accumulation because of the dominant migration pathways generated as a result of property discrepancies under similar fault conduit conditions. Consequently, the hydrocarbon mainly accumulates in high porosity belts. Paleoporosity during the accumulation period is found to be a vital controlling factor. Therefore, high paleoporosity sandstones in the middle Es3 member of the Niuzhuang Sag have great potential for future exploration.展开更多
Obesity is a major human health problem associated with various diseases, including cardiac injury and type 2 diabetes. Trapa japonica Flerov (TJF) has been used in traditional oriental medicine to treat diabetes. In ...Obesity is a major human health problem associated with various diseases, including cardiac injury and type 2 diabetes. Trapa japonica Flerov (TJF) has been used in traditional oriental medicine to treat diabetes. In this study, we evaluated the inhibitory effect of and the mechanism underlying the effect of TJF extract on adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells. The effects of TJF extract on cell viability were analyzed using a 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, and the anti-adipogenic effect was measured by oil red O staining. The expression of peroxisomal proliferator activated receptor (PPAR)γ, CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-α (C/EBP)α, adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), adiponectin, and fatty acid binding protein (FABP)4 involved in adipogenesis was determined by western blot analysis. TJF extract effectively inhibited lipid accumulation and the expression of PPARγ and C/EBPα in 3T3-L1 cells. TJF also increased the phosphorylation of AMPK and ACC, and decreased the expression of adiponectin and FABP4. These results indicate that TJF extract exerts its anti-obesity effect through the downregulation of adipogenic transcription factors and adipogenic marker genes.展开更多
Transcriptional regulation is essential for balancing multiple metabolic pathways that influence oil accumulation in seeds.Thus far,the transcriptional regulatory mechanisms that govern seed oil accumulation remain la...Transcriptional regulation is essential for balancing multiple metabolic pathways that influence oil accumulation in seeds.Thus far,the transcriptional regulatory mechanisms that govern seed oil accumulation remain largely unknown.Here,we identified the transcriptional regulatory network composed of MADS-box transcription factors SEEDSTICK(STK)and SEPALLATA3(SEP3),which bridges several key genes to regulate oil accumulation in seeds.We found that STK,highly expressed in the developing embryo,positively regulates seed oil accumulation in Arabidopsis(Arabidopsis thaliana).Furthermore,we discovered that SEP3 physically interacts with STK in vivo and in vitro.Seed oil content is increased by the SEP3 mutation,while it is decreased by SEP3 overexpression.The chromatin immunoprecipitation,electrophoretic mobility shift assay,and transient dual-luciferase reporter assays showed that STK positively regulates seed oil accumulation by directly repressing the expression of MYB5,SEP3,and SEED FATTY ACID REDUCER 4(SFAR4).Moreover,genetic and molecular analyses demonstrated that STK and SEP3 antagonistically regulate seed oil production and that SEP3 weakens the binding ability of STK to MYB5,SEP3,and SFAR4.Additionally,we demonstrated that TRANSPARENT TESTA 8(TT8)and ACYL-ACYL CARRIER PROTEIN DESATURASE 3(AAD3)are direct targets of MYB5 during seed oil accumulation in Arabidopsis.Together,our findings provide the transcriptional regulatory network antagonistically orchestrated by STK and SEP3,which fine tunes oil accumulation in seeds.展开更多
Organic acid content is one of the most important factors influencing fruit flavors.The predominant organic acid in most pear cultivars is malic acid,but the mechanism controlling its accumulation remains unclear.In t...Organic acid content is one of the most important factors influencing fruit flavors.The predominant organic acid in most pear cultivars is malic acid,but the mechanism controlling its accumulation remains unclear.In this study,by comparing gene expression levels and organic acid contents,we found that the expression of PbPH5,which encodes a P_(3A)-ATPase,is highly correlated with malic acid accumulation in four different pear species,with correlation coefficients of 0.932**,0.656*,0.900**,and 0.518*(*,P<0.05;**,P<0.01)for Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd.,P.communis Linn.,P.pyrifolia Nakai.,and P.ussuriensis Maxim.,respectively.Moreover,the overexpression of PbPH5 in pear significantly increased the malic acid content.In contrast,silencing PbPH5 via RNA interference significantly decreased both its transcript level and the pear fruit malic acid content.A subcellular localization analysis indicated that PbPH5 is located in the tonoplast.Additionally,a phylogenetic analysis indicated that PbPH5 is a PH5 homolog gene that is clustered with the Petunia hybrida,Malus domestica,and Citrus reticulata genes.Considered together,these findings suggest that PbPH5 is a functionally conserved gene.Furthermore,the accumulation of malic acid in pear fruit is at least partly related to changes in the PbPH5 transcription levels.展开更多
Numerical simulation of oil migration and accumulation is to describe the history of oil migration and accumulation in basin evolution. It is of great value in the exploration of oil resources and their rational evalu...Numerical simulation of oil migration and accumulation is to describe the history of oil migration and accumulation in basin evolution. It is of great value in the exploration of oil resources and their rational evaluation. In this paper, from such actual conditions as the effects of mechanics of fluids in porous media and 3-dimensional geology characteristics, a kind of modified method of second order splitting-up implicit interactive scheme is pur forward. For the famous hydraulic experiment of secondary migration-accumulation, the numerical simulation test has been done, and both the computational and experimental results are basically identical. For the actual problem of Dongying hollow of Shengli Petroleum Oil Field, the numerical simulation test and the actual conditions are basically coincident. Thus the well-known problem has been solved.展开更多
Hydantoinase is involved in the production of optically pure amino acids from racemic 5-mono-substituted hydantoins. We measured the D-hydantoinase activity in marine Halomonas sp. YSR-3 and amplified the D-hydantoina...Hydantoinase is involved in the production of optically pure amino acids from racemic 5-mono-substituted hydantoins. We measured the D-hydantoinase activity in marine Halomonas sp. YSR-3 and amplified the D-hydantoinase gene by PCR. The gene was inserted into vector pGM-T and transformed into E. coli TOP10. The positive transformants with the D-hydantoinase gene were sequenced. The sequenced fragment comprises 1 510 base pairs. The D-hydantoinase gene from YSR-3 is 77% similar to that from Pseudomonas entomophila L4 by searching against the NCBI databse. The protein product of the YSR-3 D-hydantoinase gene is 75%, 73%, and 70% similar to those from Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf-5, Marinomonas sp. MED121, and Burkholderia vietnamiensis G4, respectively. The difference of the D-hydantoinase gene between marine Halomonas sp. YSR-3 and other terrestrial organisms is distinct.展开更多
文摘Recent exploration results indicate that a significant exploration potential remains in the Dongying Depression of the Bohai Bay Basin and the undiscovered oil and gas are largely reservoired in subtle traps including turbidite litholigcal traps of the Sha-3 Member. In order to effectively guide the exploration program targeting turbidites, this study will focus on the depositional models of the Sha-3 Member turbidites and oil/gas accumulation characteristics in these turbidites. Two corresponding relationships were found. One is that the East African Rift Valley provides a modern analog for the depositional systems in the Dongying Depression. The other is that the depositional models of line-sourced slope aprons, single point-source submarine fan and multiple source ramp turbidite, established for deep-sea turbidites, can be applied to interpret the depositional features of the turbidite fans of three different origins: slope turbidite aprons, lake floor turbidite fans and delta-fed turbidite fans in the Sha-3 Member. Updip sealing integrity is the key factor determining whether oil/gas accumulates or not in the slope aprons and lake floor fans. The factors controlling oil/gas migration and accumulation in the delta-fed turbidite fans are not very clear. Multiple factors rather than a single factor probably played significant roles in these processes.
基金supported by the Key Technologies R&D Program of China during the 12th Five-Year Plan period(2011BAD12B03)
文摘To explore the differences of carbohydrate metabolism in two tomato species and discuss the possible regulation of 14-3-3 proteins on the sucrose phosphate synthase （SPS） activity, we determined the contents of soluble sugar and starch through high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）. The activities of sugar-metabolizing enzymes were assayed in desalted extract, and the relative expression levels of related genes in sugar metabolism were determined though real-time RT-PCR. The results indicated that glucose and fructose were mainly accumulated during the maturation of the fruit because of the high acid invertase （AI） and neutral invertase （NI） in Micro-Tom （Solanum lycopersicum） fruit, while in Solanum chmielewskii fruit, SPS which went along with the change of sucrose content led to the rapid sucrose increase during the fruit ripening. TFT1 and TFT10, belonging to 14-3-3 protein in tomato, were likely to down-regulated SPS activity during young and intumescence period.
基金supported by the Young Scholars Development Fund of SWPU
文摘Similar reservoir sandbodies and fault conduit systems in the sandstone reservoirs in the middle Es3 member of the Niuzhuang Sag have been problematic for a long time. The following problems remain unsolved： 1） The distribution of sandstone porosity is inconsistent with the hydrocarbon accumulation. The oil sandstones have low porosity instead of high porosity. 2） Sandstones, which have the same properties, have different levels of oiliness, and the sandstones with almost the same properties show different degrees of oil-bearing capacity. This study analyzes the condition of reservoirs in the research area during the accumulation period in terms of paleoporosity estimation and discusses the critical porosity of the sandstone reservoirs during the same period. The following conclusions can be drawn from the results. 1） Although reservoir properties are low at present and some reservoirs have become tight, the paleoporosity ranging from 18% to 25% is greater than the critical porosity of 13.9%. As the： loss of porosity is different in terms of burial history, the present porosity cannot reflect porosity during the accumulation period. Similar/y, high porosity during the accumulation period does not indicate that tbe present porosity is high. 2） The present reservoir location is consistent with the distribution of high paleoporosity during the accumulation period. This result indicates that high porosity belts are prone to hydrocarbon accumulation because of the dominant migration pathways generated as a result of property discrepancies under similar fault conduit conditions. Consequently, the hydrocarbon mainly accumulates in high porosity belts. Paleoporosity during the accumulation period is found to be a vital controlling factor. Therefore, high paleoporosity sandstones in the middle Es3 member of the Niuzhuang Sag have great potential for future exploration.
文摘Obesity is a major human health problem associated with various diseases, including cardiac injury and type 2 diabetes. Trapa japonica Flerov (TJF) has been used in traditional oriental medicine to treat diabetes. In this study, we evaluated the inhibitory effect of and the mechanism underlying the effect of TJF extract on adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells. The effects of TJF extract on cell viability were analyzed using a 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, and the anti-adipogenic effect was measured by oil red O staining. The expression of peroxisomal proliferator activated receptor (PPAR)γ, CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-α (C/EBP)α, adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), adiponectin, and fatty acid binding protein (FABP)4 involved in adipogenesis was determined by western blot analysis. TJF extract effectively inhibited lipid accumulation and the expression of PPARγ and C/EBPα in 3T3-L1 cells. TJF also increased the phosphorylation of AMPK and ACC, and decreased the expression of adiponectin and FABP4. These results indicate that TJF extract exerts its anti-obesity effect through the downregulation of adipogenic transcription factors and adipogenic marker genes.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(grant no.2022YFD1200400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant no.31971974),the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province(grant nos.2021LLRH-07 and 2022NY-158)+1 种基金the PhD Start-up Fund of Northwest A&F University(grant no.Z1090121052)a grant from the Yang Ling Seed Industry Innovation Center(grant no.K3031122024).
文摘Transcriptional regulation is essential for balancing multiple metabolic pathways that influence oil accumulation in seeds.Thus far,the transcriptional regulatory mechanisms that govern seed oil accumulation remain largely unknown.Here,we identified the transcriptional regulatory network composed of MADS-box transcription factors SEEDSTICK(STK)and SEPALLATA3(SEP3),which bridges several key genes to regulate oil accumulation in seeds.We found that STK,highly expressed in the developing embryo,positively regulates seed oil accumulation in Arabidopsis(Arabidopsis thaliana).Furthermore,we discovered that SEP3 physically interacts with STK in vivo and in vitro.Seed oil content is increased by the SEP3 mutation,while it is decreased by SEP3 overexpression.The chromatin immunoprecipitation,electrophoretic mobility shift assay,and transient dual-luciferase reporter assays showed that STK positively regulates seed oil accumulation by directly repressing the expression of MYB5,SEP3,and SEED FATTY ACID REDUCER 4(SFAR4).Moreover,genetic and molecular analyses demonstrated that STK and SEP3 antagonistically regulate seed oil production and that SEP3 weakens the binding ability of STK to MYB5,SEP3,and SFAR4.Additionally,we demonstrated that TRANSPARENT TESTA 8(TT8)and ACYL-ACYL CARRIER PROTEIN DESATURASE 3(AAD3)are direct targets of MYB5 during seed oil accumulation in Arabidopsis.Together,our findings provide the transcriptional regulatory network antagonistically orchestrated by STK and SEP3,which fine tunes oil accumulation in seeds.
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2019YFD1001400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31601715)
文摘Organic acid content is one of the most important factors influencing fruit flavors.The predominant organic acid in most pear cultivars is malic acid,but the mechanism controlling its accumulation remains unclear.In this study,by comparing gene expression levels and organic acid contents,we found that the expression of PbPH5,which encodes a P_(3A)-ATPase,is highly correlated with malic acid accumulation in four different pear species,with correlation coefficients of 0.932**,0.656*,0.900**,and 0.518*(*,P<0.05;**,P<0.01)for Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd.,P.communis Linn.,P.pyrifolia Nakai.,and P.ussuriensis Maxim.,respectively.Moreover,the overexpression of PbPH5 in pear significantly increased the malic acid content.In contrast,silencing PbPH5 via RNA interference significantly decreased both its transcript level and the pear fruit malic acid content.A subcellular localization analysis indicated that PbPH5 is located in the tonoplast.Additionally,a phylogenetic analysis indicated that PbPH5 is a PH5 homolog gene that is clustered with the Petunia hybrida,Malus domestica,and Citrus reticulata genes.Considered together,these findings suggest that PbPH5 is a functionally conserved gene.Furthermore,the accumulation of malic acid in pear fruit is at least partly related to changes in the PbPH5 transcription levels.
文摘Numerical simulation of oil migration and accumulation is to describe the history of oil migration and accumulation in basin evolution. It is of great value in the exploration of oil resources and their rational evaluation. In this paper, from such actual conditions as the effects of mechanics of fluids in porous media and 3-dimensional geology characteristics, a kind of modified method of second order splitting-up implicit interactive scheme is pur forward. For the famous hydraulic experiment of secondary migration-accumulation, the numerical simulation test has been done, and both the computational and experimental results are basically identical. For the actual problem of Dongying hollow of Shengli Petroleum Oil Field, the numerical simulation test and the actual conditions are basically coincident. Thus the well-known problem has been solved.
基金Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) (No. 2006AA10A401)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 40376048)
文摘Hydantoinase is involved in the production of optically pure amino acids from racemic 5-mono-substituted hydantoins. We measured the D-hydantoinase activity in marine Halomonas sp. YSR-3 and amplified the D-hydantoinase gene by PCR. The gene was inserted into vector pGM-T and transformed into E. coli TOP10. The positive transformants with the D-hydantoinase gene were sequenced. The sequenced fragment comprises 1 510 base pairs. The D-hydantoinase gene from YSR-3 is 77% similar to that from Pseudomonas entomophila L4 by searching against the NCBI databse. The protein product of the YSR-3 D-hydantoinase gene is 75%, 73%, and 70% similar to those from Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf-5, Marinomonas sp. MED121, and Burkholderia vietnamiensis G4, respectively. The difference of the D-hydantoinase gene between marine Halomonas sp. YSR-3 and other terrestrial organisms is distinct.
