Background In this work,we focus on the label layout problem:specifying the positions of overlaid virtual annotations in Virtual/Augmented Reality scenarios.Methods Designing a layout of labels that does not violate d...Background In this work,we focus on the label layout problem:specifying the positions of overlaid virtual annotations in Virtual/Augmented Reality scenarios.Methods Designing a layout of labels that does not violate domain-specific design requirements,while at the same time satisfying aesthetic and functional principles of good design,can be a daunting task even for skilled visual designers.Presenting the annotations in 3D object space instead of projection space,allows for the preservation of spatial and depth cues.This results in stable layouts in dynamic environments,since the annotations are anchored in 3D space.Results In this paper we make two major contributions.First,we propose a technique for managing the layout and rendering of annotations in Virtual/Augmented Reality scenarios by manipulating the annotations directly in 3D space.For this,we make use of Artificial Potential Fields and use 3D geometric constraints to adapt them in 3D space.Second,we introduce PartLabeling:an open source platform in the form of a web application that acts as a much-needed generic framework allowing to easily add labeling algorithms and 3D models.This serves as a catalyst for researchers in this field to make their algorithms and implementations publicly available,as well as ensure research reproducibility.The PartLabeling framework relies on a dataset that we generate as a subset of the original PartNet dataset consisting of models suitable for the label management task.The dataset consists of 10003D models with part annotations.展开更多
Highly biocompatible superparamagnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles were synthesized by amide of folic acid （FA） ligands and the NH2-group onto the surface of Fe3O4 nanoparticles. The as-synthesized folate-conjugated Fe3O4 n...Highly biocompatible superparamagnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles were synthesized by amide of folic acid （FA） ligands and the NH2-group onto the surface of Fe3O4 nanoparticles. The as-synthesized folate-conjugated Fe3O4 nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction diffractometer, transmission electron microscope, FT-IR spectrometer, vibrating sample magnetometer, and dynamic light scattering instrument. The in vivo labeling effect of folate-conjugated Fe3O4 nanoparticles on the hepatoma cells was investigated in tumor-bearing rat. The results demonstrate that the as-prepared nanoparticles have cubic structure of Fe3O4 with a particle size of about 8 nm and hydrated diameter of 25.7 nm at a saturation magnetization of 51 A·m2/kg. These nanoparticles possess good physiological stability, low cytotoxicity on human skin fibroblasts and negligible effect on Wistar rats at the concentration as high as 3 mg/kg body mass. The folate-conjugated Fe3O4 nanoparticles could be effectively mediated into the human hepatoma Bel 7402 cells through the binding of folate and folic acid receptor, enhancing the signal contrast of tumor tissue and surrounding normal tissue in MRI imaging. It is in favor of the tumor cells labeling, tracing, magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） target detection and magnetic hyperthermia.展开更多
This paper described the ~3H NMR determination of the positions and content of 24 tritium labeled aromatic and heterocyclic compounds prepared by catalytic tritiation derivatives, pyrrole, 1,2,4-triazole, thiazole, be...This paper described the ~3H NMR determination of the positions and content of 24 tritium labeled aromatic and heterocyclic compounds prepared by catalytic tritiation derivatives, pyrrole, 1,2,4-triazole, thiazole, benzothiazole, purine and derivatives, indole, indanol, piperidine and derivative, diphenylamine, N- phenylanthranilic acid, 8- OH- quinoline, naphthol, diphenylether have been tritiated by catalytic exchange method using tritiated water and platinum catalyst (from the dioxide and sodium borohydride), and the pattern of labelling has been assigned by ~3H NMR spectroscopy. The results show that this exchange process can give general labelling compounds at various time and temperatures. For 4-Br-diphenylether, Raney nickel was used instead of Pt as a catalyst.展开更多
A special Fe3O4nanoparticles–graphene（Fe3O4–GN） composite as a magnetic label was employed for biodetection using giant magnetoresistance（GMR） sensors with a Wheatstone bridge. The Fe3O4–GN composite exhibits a...A special Fe3O4nanoparticles–graphene（Fe3O4–GN） composite as a magnetic label was employed for biodetection using giant magnetoresistance（GMR） sensors with a Wheatstone bridge. The Fe3O4–GN composite exhibits a strong ferromagnetic behavior with the saturation magnetization MS of approximately 48 emu/g, coercivity HC of 200 Oe, and remanence Mr of 8.3 emu/g, leading to a large magnetic fringing field. However, the Fe3O4 nanoparticles do not aggregate together, which can be attributed to the pinning and separating effects of graphene sheet to the magnetic particles. The Fe3O4–GN composite is especially suitable for biodetection as a promising magnetic label since it combines two advantages of large fringing field and no aggregation. As a result, the concentration x dependence of voltage difference ｜？V｜ between detecting and reference sensors undergoes the relationship of ｜？V｜ = 240.5 lgx ＋ 515.2 with an ultralow detection limit of 10 ng/mL（very close to the calculated limit of 7 ng/mL） and a wide detection range of 4 orders.展开更多
In order to study the aging changes of intramitochondrial macromolecular synthesis in various organs of aging animals during the development and aging, 10 groups of developing and aging mice, each consisting of 3 indi...In order to study the aging changes of intramitochondrial macromolecular synthesis in various organs of aging animals during the development and aging, 10 groups of developing and aging mice, each consisting of 3 individuals, total 30, from fetal day 19 to postnatal newborn at day 1, 3, 9, 14 and adult at month 1, 2, 6, 12 to 24 were injected with 3H-thymidine a DNA precurson, another 10 groups consisting of 3 individuals, total 30, were injected with 3H-uridine a RNA precursor, and another 10 groups of 30 individuals were injected with 3H-leucine a protein precursor, total 90 individuals. Then, all the animals were sacrificed 1 hr after the injections and the liver tissues, the lung tissues, the kidney tissues, the testis and ovary tissues, the adrenal tissues were taken out, fixed and processed for electron microscopic radioautography. On electron microscopic radioautograms obtained from each animal, ten photographs in respective groups, numbers of mitochondria per cell profile area, numbers of labeled mitochondria per cell and the mitochondrial labeling index (LI) labeled with 3H-thymidine showing DNA synthesis, LI labeled with 3H-uridine showing RNA synthesis, and LI labeled with 3H-leucine showing protein synthesis, in various organs, were counted and the results in various organs in respective aging groups were compared, respectively. From the results, it was demonstrated that the numbers of mitochondria in hepatocytes as well as in 3 zones of the adrenal cortex, the zona glomerulosa, fasciculata and reticularis of mice at various ages increased from fetal day 19 to postnatal month 1 due to development and aging of animals. On the other hand, the numbers of labeled mitochondria and the labeling indices of intramitochondrial DNA syntheses incorporating 3H-thymidine in hepatocytes and 3 zones of cortical cells increased from fetal day 19 to postnatal month 1 and decreased to month 24. The numbers of labeled mitochondria and the labeling indices of intramitochondrial RNA syntheses incorporating 3H-uridine in hepatocytes and 3 zones of cortical cells increased from fetal day 19 to postnatal month 1 and decreased to month 24. The numbers of labeled mitochondria and the labeling indices of intramitochondrial RNA syntheses incorporating 3H-uridine in hepatocytes and 3 ones of cortical cells increased from fetal day 19 to postnatal month 1 and decreased to month 24. Moreover, some other organs such as the lung and the testis were also review and discussed. From the results, it was shown that the activity of intramitochnodrial DNA synthesis, RNA synthesis, and protein synthesis in hepatocytes, adrenal cortical cells, pulmonary cells and testicular cells in developing and aging mice as well as some other organs increased and decreased due to development and aging.展开更多
An L（3, 2, 1）-labeling of a graph G is a function from the vertex set V（G） to the set of all nonnegative integers such that ｜f（u）-f（v）｜≥3 if dG（u,v） = 1, ｜f（u）-f（v）｜≥2 if dG（u,v） = 2, and ｜f（u...An L（3, 2, 1）-labeling of a graph G is a function from the vertex set V（G） to the set of all nonnegative integers such that ｜f（u）-f（v）｜≥3 if dG（u,v） = 1, ｜f（u）-f（v）｜≥2 if dG（u,v） = 2, and ｜f（u）-f（v）｜≥1 if dG（u,v） = 3. The L（3, 2,1）-labeling problem is to find the smallest number λ3（G） such that there exists an L（3, 2,1）-labeling function with no label greater than it. This paper studies the problem for bipartite graphs. We obtain some bounds of λ3 for bipartite graphs and its subclasses. Moreover, we provide a best possible condition for a tree T such that λ3（T） attains the minimum value.展开更多
文摘Background In this work,we focus on the label layout problem:specifying the positions of overlaid virtual annotations in Virtual/Augmented Reality scenarios.Methods Designing a layout of labels that does not violate domain-specific design requirements,while at the same time satisfying aesthetic and functional principles of good design,can be a daunting task even for skilled visual designers.Presenting the annotations in 3D object space instead of projection space,allows for the preservation of spatial and depth cues.This results in stable layouts in dynamic environments,since the annotations are anchored in 3D space.Results In this paper we make two major contributions.First,we propose a technique for managing the layout and rendering of annotations in Virtual/Augmented Reality scenarios by manipulating the annotations directly in 3D space.For this,we make use of Artificial Potential Fields and use 3D geometric constraints to adapt them in 3D space.Second,we introduce PartLabeling:an open source platform in the form of a web application that acts as a much-needed generic framework allowing to easily add labeling algorithms and 3D models.This serves as a catalyst for researchers in this field to make their algorithms and implementations publicly available,as well as ensure research reproducibility.The PartLabeling framework relies on a dataset that we generate as a subset of the original PartNet dataset consisting of models suitable for the label management task.The dataset consists of 10003D models with part annotations.
基金Project(2011JQ028)supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,ChinaProjects(2008SK3114,2010SK3113)supported by Hunan Provincial Science&Technology Plan,China+2 种基金Project(B2007086)supported by Science&Research Funds of Hunan Health Department,ChinaProject(12JJ5057)supported by Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,ChinaProjects(XCX1119,XCX12073)supported by University Students Innovative Experiment Plan Project of Hunan Agricultural University,China
文摘Highly biocompatible superparamagnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles were synthesized by amide of folic acid （FA） ligands and the NH2-group onto the surface of Fe3O4 nanoparticles. The as-synthesized folate-conjugated Fe3O4 nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction diffractometer, transmission electron microscope, FT-IR spectrometer, vibrating sample magnetometer, and dynamic light scattering instrument. The in vivo labeling effect of folate-conjugated Fe3O4 nanoparticles on the hepatoma cells was investigated in tumor-bearing rat. The results demonstrate that the as-prepared nanoparticles have cubic structure of Fe3O4 with a particle size of about 8 nm and hydrated diameter of 25.7 nm at a saturation magnetization of 51 A·m2/kg. These nanoparticles possess good physiological stability, low cytotoxicity on human skin fibroblasts and negligible effect on Wistar rats at the concentration as high as 3 mg/kg body mass. The folate-conjugated Fe3O4 nanoparticles could be effectively mediated into the human hepatoma Bel 7402 cells through the binding of folate and folic acid receptor, enhancing the signal contrast of tumor tissue and surrounding normal tissue in MRI imaging. It is in favor of the tumor cells labeling, tracing, magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） target detection and magnetic hyperthermia.
文摘This paper described the ~3H NMR determination of the positions and content of 24 tritium labeled aromatic and heterocyclic compounds prepared by catalytic tritiation derivatives, pyrrole, 1,2,4-triazole, thiazole, benzothiazole, purine and derivatives, indole, indanol, piperidine and derivative, diphenylamine, N- phenylanthranilic acid, 8- OH- quinoline, naphthol, diphenylether have been tritiated by catalytic exchange method using tritiated water and platinum catalyst (from the dioxide and sodium borohydride), and the pattern of labelling has been assigned by ~3H NMR spectroscopy. The results show that this exchange process can give general labelling compounds at various time and temperatures. For 4-Br-diphenylether, Raney nickel was used instead of Pt as a catalyst.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11074040,11504192,11674187,11604172,and 51403114)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China(Grant Nos.ZR2012FZ006 and BS2014CL010)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant Nos.2014M551868 and 2015M570570)
文摘A special Fe3O4nanoparticles–graphene（Fe3O4–GN） composite as a magnetic label was employed for biodetection using giant magnetoresistance（GMR） sensors with a Wheatstone bridge. The Fe3O4–GN composite exhibits a strong ferromagnetic behavior with the saturation magnetization MS of approximately 48 emu/g, coercivity HC of 200 Oe, and remanence Mr of 8.3 emu/g, leading to a large magnetic fringing field. However, the Fe3O4 nanoparticles do not aggregate together, which can be attributed to the pinning and separating effects of graphene sheet to the magnetic particles. The Fe3O4–GN composite is especially suitable for biodetection as a promising magnetic label since it combines two advantages of large fringing field and no aggregation. As a result, the concentration x dependence of voltage difference ｜？V｜ between detecting and reference sensors undergoes the relationship of ｜？V｜ = 240.5 lgx ＋ 515.2 with an ultralow detection limit of 10 ng/mL（very close to the calculated limit of 7 ng/mL） and a wide detection range of 4 orders.
文摘In order to study the aging changes of intramitochondrial macromolecular synthesis in various organs of aging animals during the development and aging, 10 groups of developing and aging mice, each consisting of 3 individuals, total 30, from fetal day 19 to postnatal newborn at day 1, 3, 9, 14 and adult at month 1, 2, 6, 12 to 24 were injected with 3H-thymidine a DNA precurson, another 10 groups consisting of 3 individuals, total 30, were injected with 3H-uridine a RNA precursor, and another 10 groups of 30 individuals were injected with 3H-leucine a protein precursor, total 90 individuals. Then, all the animals were sacrificed 1 hr after the injections and the liver tissues, the lung tissues, the kidney tissues, the testis and ovary tissues, the adrenal tissues were taken out, fixed and processed for electron microscopic radioautography. On electron microscopic radioautograms obtained from each animal, ten photographs in respective groups, numbers of mitochondria per cell profile area, numbers of labeled mitochondria per cell and the mitochondrial labeling index (LI) labeled with 3H-thymidine showing DNA synthesis, LI labeled with 3H-uridine showing RNA synthesis, and LI labeled with 3H-leucine showing protein synthesis, in various organs, were counted and the results in various organs in respective aging groups were compared, respectively. From the results, it was demonstrated that the numbers of mitochondria in hepatocytes as well as in 3 zones of the adrenal cortex, the zona glomerulosa, fasciculata and reticularis of mice at various ages increased from fetal day 19 to postnatal month 1 due to development and aging of animals. On the other hand, the numbers of labeled mitochondria and the labeling indices of intramitochondrial DNA syntheses incorporating 3H-thymidine in hepatocytes and 3 zones of cortical cells increased from fetal day 19 to postnatal month 1 and decreased to month 24. The numbers of labeled mitochondria and the labeling indices of intramitochondrial RNA syntheses incorporating 3H-uridine in hepatocytes and 3 zones of cortical cells increased from fetal day 19 to postnatal month 1 and decreased to month 24. The numbers of labeled mitochondria and the labeling indices of intramitochondrial RNA syntheses incorporating 3H-uridine in hepatocytes and 3 ones of cortical cells increased from fetal day 19 to postnatal month 1 and decreased to month 24. Moreover, some other organs such as the lung and the testis were also review and discussed. From the results, it was shown that the activity of intramitochnodrial DNA synthesis, RNA synthesis, and protein synthesis in hepatocytes, adrenal cortical cells, pulmonary cells and testicular cells in developing and aging mice as well as some other organs increased and decreased due to development and aging.
基金The NSF (60673048) of China the NSF (KJ2009B002,KJ2009B237Z) of Education Ministry of Anhui Province.
文摘An L（3, 2, 1）-labeling of a graph G is a function from the vertex set V（G） to the set of all nonnegative integers such that ｜f（u）-f（v）｜≥3 if dG（u,v） = 1, ｜f（u）-f（v）｜≥2 if dG（u,v） = 2, and ｜f（u）-f（v）｜≥1 if dG（u,v） = 3. The L（3, 2,1）-labeling problem is to find the smallest number λ3（G） such that there exists an L（3, 2,1）-labeling function with no label greater than it. This paper studies the problem for bipartite graphs. We obtain some bounds of λ3 for bipartite graphs and its subclasses. Moreover, we provide a best possible condition for a tree T such that λ3（T） attains the minimum value.
