球磨法制备酚醛树脂-g-C_(3)N_(4)复合材料用于可见光催化产H_(2)O_(2)的综合实验设计

该研究通过球磨法将树脂颗粒嵌到石墨相氮化碳(g-C_(3)N_(4))层状结构内,制备具有高效、稳定光催化性能的球磨改性间苯二酚-甲醛树脂-g-C_(3)N_(4)复合催化剂。具体研究了水热反应条件、球磨速度、球磨时间等对催化剂在纯水体系中、可见光条件下产过氧化氢(H_(2)O_(2))的性能的影响。通过扫描电镜、X射线衍射、BET孔径测试分析等表征手段,分别探究了球磨过程中树脂和g-C_(3)N_(4)的微观结构、晶体组成和孔隙结构变化。结合电化学阻抗谱测试,揭示了间苯二酚-甲醛树脂-g-C_(3)N_(4)复合光催化剂在纯水体系、氧气饱和条件下制备H_(2)O_(2)的机理。实验有助于培养本科生及研究生的实验设计思维和操作能力,激发学生的科研兴趣,提升其解决实际环境问题的能力。

基于2-(1H-咪唑-4-基)苯酚和Keggin型多酸构筑的杂化化合物的合成、结构及电化学性质研究

利用水热工艺,选用H_(3)PMo_(12)O_(40), 2-(1H-咪唑-4-基)苯酚和CuCl_(2)为主要原料,我们成功地合成了一个新的有机-无机杂化化合物[Cu_(2)(HX)4(H_(2)O)2](H_(3)PMo_(12)O_(40))(H_(2)X=2-(1H-咪唑-4-基)苯酚。X-射线单晶衍射分析结果表明该化合物属于单斜晶系,P2_(1)/c空间群。晶胞参数:a=1.102 8(5) nm,b=1.705 8(5) nm,c=1.6128(5) nm,β=92.424(5)~o,V=3.031 2(19) nm^(3),Z=4,R_(1)=0.066 6,wR_(2)=0.171 3。该化合物中的[Cu_(2)(HX)4(H_(2)O)2]络合物片段和H_(3)PMo_(12)O_(40)间通过氢键作用连接形成三维超分子结构。对该化合物的电化学性质进行了研究。

Synthesis, Structure and Geometrical Calculation of a Novel Co-crystal of {[4-Bromo-2-(benzimidazol-2-yl)phenolato][2-(1-butylbenzimidazol-2-yl)phenolato]zinc(Ⅱ)] and Bis[μ-2-(1-butylbenzimidazol-2-yl)phenolato]-1κN^3:2κO;1κO:2κN^3-bis{[2-(1-butylbe

The title compound has been synthesized and characterized crystallographicaUy. It is a co-crystal consisting of two different neutral zinc（H） complexes with Hbpbm （Hbpbm = 4- bromo-2-（benzimidazol-2-yl）phenol） and Hnpbm （Hnpbm = 2-（1-butylbenzimidazol-2-yl）phenol）. One is a monomeric mixed-ligand complex of [Zn（bpbm）（npbm）] 1 and the other a dimer of [Zn2（npbm）4] 2 with their ratio of 2：1. Thus the overall formula for the title compound is 21.2. Adjacent 1 and 2 are connected to each other by intermolecular hydrogen bonding interactions in the lattice. The crystal data： monoclinic, space group P21/c, a = 15.0141（12）, b = 20.9941（17）, c = 18.4686（15） A, β = 97.445（2）°, V = 5772.4（8） A^3, Mr= 2429.68, Z = 2, Dc = 1.398 g/cm^3,μ = 1.579 -1 mm , F（000） = 2504, R = 0.0637 and wR = 0.1771 for 6464 observed reflections （I 〉 2σ（I））. The geometrical structure for 1 has also been theoretically optimized and compared with the experimental one.

4-取代酚诱导化学性白斑的机制及研究进展

4-取代酚是一类广泛应用于制药、农药、染料、食品添加剂以及化妆品中的有机化合物。4-取代酚在化妆品中的应用主要是由于其与酪氨酸的结构上的相似性,使其具有独特的抑制酪氨酸酶活性以及抑制皮肤中黑色素形成的效果,因此包括熊果苷、白藜芦醇等化学物质在内,已有多种4-取代酚作为美白成分用于化妆品中。但包括杜鹃醇在内的4-取代酚同时也具有一定安全风险,大量研究表明许多4-取代酚具有黑素细胞毒性,且不同的取代基也会对黑素细胞毒性的诱导途径、毒性强弱等产生不同的影响,使用不当可能会诱发白癜风(Vitiligo)和白斑病(Leukoderma)的产生,对消费者的健康造成损害。本文综述了4-取代酚及杜鹃醇的美白及黑素细胞毒性机制,以及不同国家发生白斑病的案例,以期为开发更安全的有美白效果的化学物质提供参考。

3,5-二叔丁基-4羟基苯基丙酸甲酯合成技术优化研究

研究了2,6-二叔丁基苯酚和丙烯酸甲酯的Michael加成反应机理。考察了不同催化剂配比对该反应体系的影响,确定较优的催化剂配比为KOH与NaOH物质的量比为4,n(M^(+))/n(酚)=3%。在该催化剂配比下,对原料配比、滴加速率、反应压力、反应温度、反应时间等工艺参数进行了系统的研究,得出3,5-二叔丁基-4羟基苯基丙酸甲酯的最优合成工艺参数。该结果可用于指导实际生产中的操作优化。

VO_(x)/AlPO_(4)催化剂合成及其催化苯羟基化反应性能

以异丙醇铝与磷酸为原料,离子液体1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑溴盐([Bmim]Br)与二正丙胺为共模板剂合成了Al PO_(4),进而采用水热法将V_(2)O_(5)负载于Al PO_(4)载体制备了VO_(x)/Al PO_(4)催化剂。采用XRD、SEM、TEM、Mapping、FTIR、N_(2)吸附-脱附、XPS对催化剂进行了表征,考察了其在苯羟基化反应中的催化性能。结果表明,钒氧化物负载量为16%(以V_(2)O_(5)和Al PO_(4)的总质量为基准,下同)的催化剂具有最多且分布均匀的V4+活性中心、契合反应的酸性微环境,在催化剂用量为0.2 g,苯用量4 mL,质量分数30%的H2O2用量12.5 mL,乙腈用量15 mL,反应温度70℃,反应时间7 h的条件下,苯转化率为53.4%,苯酚选择性为98.4%。基于催化剂表征分析及性能评估,推测催化反应机理是以亲核氧化机理为主,自由基机理为辅。

Zn(NO_3)_2·6H_2O/2,4,6-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine(TCT) a mild and selective system for nitration of phenols

Certain phenols and naphthols were nitrated regioselectively with Zn(NO)·6HO/TCT in acetonitrile as solvent at room temperature and short reaction time in good yields.The reaction condition was mild.TCT is a cheap and commercially available reagent.It performed as an acid catalyst in this transformation.

Synthesis,Crystal Structure and Fungicidal Activity of(E)-2-[(4-tert-Butyl-5-(4-methoxybenzyl)thiazol-2-ylimino)methyl]phenol

The title compound （E）-2-[（4-tert-butyl-5-（4-methoxybenzyl）thiazol-2-ylimino）methyl]phenol was synthesized by the reaction of 5-（4-methoxybenzyl）-4-tert- butylthiazol-2-amine with salicylaldehyde, and its crystal structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The crystal belongs to the monoclinic system, space group P21/c with a = 5.9362（8）, b = 11.5070（15）, c = 29.460（4）A, β= 97.326（3）°, V = 1995.9（5） A^3, Z = 4, F（000） = 808, C22H24N2O2S, Mr= 380.49, De= 1.266 g/cm^3, S = 1.031,μ = 0.181 mm^-1, the final R = 0.0474 and wR = 0.1441 for 4327 observed reflections （I 〉 2σ（I））. Intramolecular O-H…N hydrogen bond is observed in the crystal. The preliminary bioassay showed that the title compound exhibits 95% inhibition rate against Rhizoctonia solani at the test concentration of 500 mg/L.

Continuous, homogeneous and rapid synthesis of 4-bromo-3-methylanisole in a modular microreaction system

4-Bromo-3-methylanisole is mainly used to synthesize black fluorane dye(2-anilino-3-methyl-6-dibutylaminofluorane, ODB-2), which is one of the most important heat and pressure-sensitive dyes in the manufacture of thermal papers. Compared to the industrial heterogeneous batch process, a continuous homogeneous bromination technology in a modular microreaction system has been developed, and 4-bromo-3-methylanisole has been successfully prepared through high-selective mono-bromination of 3-methylanisole with Br2 solution in CHCl3. In optimal conditions, the content of bis-brominated byproducts can be controlled less than 0.5%,which is superior to the industrial standard with 99.5% 3-methylanisole conversion at very short residence time and mild reaction temperature.

Biodegradation of Phenol and 4-Chlorophenol by the Mutant Strain CTM 2

酚和 4-chlorophenol (4-cp ) 的 biodegradations 用 He-Ne 激光照耀在野类型的 Candida tropicalis 上获得的变异的紧张 CTM 2 被学习。结果证明到 biodegrade 4-cp 的 CTM 2 的能力被增加直到 400 mg 路 L ? 1 在 59.5 h 以内。在双底层的 biodegradation， 4-cp 与低集中的酚增加了降级的 CTM 2 的速度和能力。400 mg 路 L 的一个总数 ? 1 4-cp 完全面对 300 mg 路 L 在 50.5 h 以内被降级 ? 1 酚。最大的 4-cp biodegradation 能到达 440 mg 路 L ? 1 与 120 mg 路 L ? 1 酚。低集中的 4-cp 引起了 CTM 2 上的大抑制降级酚。另外，运动行为用在这个实验室建议的运动模型被描述。

Adsorption of Phenol by Activated Carbon Prepared from Waste Rice Straw by Chemical Activation with (NH_4)_2HPO_4

Activated carbons,RS-1,RS-2,and RS-3,prepared from rice straw with(NH4)2HPO4 activation were used as adsorbents for removing phenols from aqueous solutions.The maximum adsorption capacities of phenol for RS-1,RS-2,and RS-3 were 163.9,172.9,and 200.0 mg/g,respectively.The equilibrium data were analyzed by the Langmuir,Freundlich,and Temkin models.It displayed that Langmuir isotherm fitted to the results best.The dimensionless parameter RL indicated the favorable nature of the adsorption of phenol.Otherwise,the kinetic rates were well explained by pseudo-second-order model.According to the results,activated carbon derived from waste rice straw can be a high-performance adsorbent for wastewater treatment.

Separation of Phenolic Compounds and Organic Anions Using ODS Column Coated with Meso-octamethylcalix[4]pyrrole and Water as Eluent

Octadecylsilanized silica (ODS) was coated with meso-octamethylcalix[4]pyrrole to obtain a novel calix[4]pyrrole containing stationary phase for HPLC. Compared to ODS, the new stationary phase showed a relatively large retention and an improved separation for phenolic compounds and organic anions, using pure water as mobile phase. The results can be ascribed to the interaction between analytes and calix[4]pyrrole.

SYNTHESIS,CHARACTERIZATION AND ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTIES OF 4-[(4-HYDROXYBENZYLIDENE)AMINO]PHENOL AND ITS POLYMER

The oxidative polycondensation reaction conditions of 4-[（4-hydroxybenzylidene） amino] phenol （4-HBAP） were studied with H2O2, air oxygen and NaOCl in an aqueous alkaline medium between 50 and 90℃. The structures of the obtained monomer and polymer were confirmed by FT-IR, UV-Vis, 1H- and 13C-NMR and elemental analysis. The characterization was made by TG-DTA, size exclusion chromatography （SEC） and solubility tests. At the optimum reaction conditions, the yield of poly[4-（4-hydroxybenzylidene amino） phenol] （P-4-HBAP） was found to be 48.3% （for H2O2 oxidant）, 80.5% （for air O2 oxidant） and 86.4% （for NaOCl oxidant）. According to the SEC analysis, the number-average molecular weight （Mn）, weight-average molecular weight （Mw） and polydispersity index （PDI） values of P-4-HBAP was found to be 8950, 10970 g tool^-1 and 1.225, respectively, using H202; and l l610, 15190 g tool^-1 and 1.308 respectively, using air 02 and 7900, 9610 g mol^-1 and 1.216, respectively, using NaOC1. According to TG-DTA analyses, P-4-HBAP was more stable than 4-HBAP against thermal decomposition. The weight loss of P-4-HBAP was found to be 49.27% at 1000℃. The highest occupied molecular orbital （HOMO） and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital （LUMO） values calculated from electrochemical measurement. Electrochemical energy gaps （Eg＇） of 4-HBAP and P-4-HBAP were found to be -5.46, -5.28; -2.26, -2.67; 3.20 and 2.61 eV, respectively. According to UV-Vis measurements, optical band gap （Eg） of 4-HBAP and P-4-HBAP were found to be 3.34 and 3.01 eV, respectively. Also, antimicrobial activities of 4-HBAP and P-4-HBAP were examined against selected some bacteria. The electrical conductivity of the polymer was measured after doping with iodine.

Crystal Structure of Phenol,2-[4(S)-4-Dihydro-4-benzyl-2-ozazolinyl]

The compound phenol,2-[4（S）-4,5-dihydro-4-phenyl-2-ozazolinyl（1,C15H13NO2） was synthesized with a simple,one step method free of water and air.It was obtained in a moderate yield from the reaction of 2-hydroxybenzonitrile with optically active amino alcohol in chloroben-zene under dry,anaerobic conditions.It belongs to the orthorhombic system,space group P212121 with a = 5.786（5）,b = 10.730（5）,c = 19.722（5）,C15H13NO2,Mr = 239.26,V = 1224.4（12）3,Z = 4 and Dc = 1.298 mg/m3.The final R = 0.0324 for 1627 observed reflections with Ⅰ 〉 2σ（Ⅰ） and Rw = 0.0826 for all data.The structure of compound 1 was determined by X-ray diffraction,NMR and HRMS.

Novel CoAl-LDH Nanosheets/BiPO_(4) nanorods composites for boosting photocatalytic degradation of phenol

Layered double hydroxide(LDH)with special layered structure has been proved to have excellent hole transport capacity and good stability.Herein,we report a high efficient composite photocatalyst of CoAlLDH and BiPO4prepared by hydrothermal and che mical adsorption(denoted as CoAl-LDH/BiPO_(4)).Phenol can be entirely degraded by 1%CoAl-LDH/BiPO_(4)under 30 min ultraviolet(UV)light irradiation,and the degradation rate constants k are 3 times and 39 times higher than that of pure BiPO_(4)and CoAl-LDH,respectively.The enhanced photocatalytic activity can be attributed to effective holes transfer from BiPO4to CoAl-LDH,which hinders the recombination of photo genera ted charge carriers.In addition,the combination of BiPO4and CoAl-LDH avoids the agglomeration of BiPO4and improves the stability of BiPO_(4).Active species capture experiments indicate that superoxide radicals(·O-_(2))are the main active species responsible for the degradation of phenol.This work provides technical approaches and research ideas for solving the photogenerated charge carrier recombination problem of photocatalyst.

Synthesis of 1-Bromo-3-methoxy-4-propoxy-5-iodobenzene——A Novel Efficient Process for the Synthesis of Brominated Aromatic Compound

The reaction of aromatic carboxylic acid with oxalyl chloride gives rise to the corres- ponding acid chloride which without purification is treated with the sodium salt of mercapto- pyridine oxide in the presence of 2,2-azo-bisisobutyronitrile (AIBN), radical initiator to give a brominated aromatic compound. After etherification and oxidation, 5-iodovaniline was converted to trisubstituted benzene carboxylic acid which give 1-bromo-3-methoxy-4-propoxy-5-iodo- benzene by this new brominating process with a yield of 74 %.

氮掺杂碳负载Fe_(3)O_(4)活化过硫酸盐降解苯酚

以氮掺杂碳(NC)为前驱体,采用反向共沉淀法制备了Fe_(3)O_(4)/NC复合催化剂,通过SEM、TEM、FTIR等技术手段进行了表征,考察了该催化剂活化过二硫酸盐(PDS)降解苯酚的效果和影响因素。表征结果显示纳米Fe_(3)O_(4)成功负载至NC上。实验结果表明:Fe_(3)O_(4)/NC-PDS体系对苯酚具有良好的氧化降解效果,在苯酚溶液初始质量浓度20 mg/L、Fe_(3)O_(4)/NC加入量1.0 g/L、PDS加入量2.0 g/L、pH 7、反应温度25℃的条件下,反应120 min后,苯酚去除率达100%;Fe_(3)O_(4)/NC-PDS体系降解苯酚的途径包括自由基途径和非自由基途径两种方式,主要活性物种为1O_(2);在Fe_(3)O_(4)/NC-PDS降解苯酚过程中,苯酚的C-H键首先发生断裂,经过反位取代生成苯二酚,苯二酚中的O-H键断裂后生成对苯醌,随后对苯醌中的C=C键和C-C键发生断裂,生成小分子有机酸,最后,小分子有机酸被彻底氧化降解为CO_(2)和H_(2)O。

Effective anti-inflammatory phenolic compounds from dandelion:identification and mechanistic insights using UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS,fluorescence quenching and anisotropy,molecular docking and dynamics simulation

This novel study identifi es the effective anti-inflammatory phenolic compounds in dandelion and provides mechanistic insights into their interactions with receptor proteins(toll-like receptor 4,TLR4;co-receptor myeloid differentiation protein-2,MD-2)using UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS,lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-stimulated THP-1 cell line,fluorescence quenching and anisotropy,molecular docking(single ligand and multi-ligand docking)and molecular dynamics simulation.A 50%aqueous methanol extract had a greater anti-inflammatory effect and higher chicoric acid content,compared with the 100%water and 100%methanol extracts.Chicoric acid,chlorogenic acid,methylophiopogonone A,caffeic acid,gallic acid monohydrate and 4’-O-demethylbroussonin A had relatively high binding energies and contents in all extracts.Chicoric acid competed with chlorogenic acid,4’-O-demethylbroussonin A and quercetin for MD-2.Among dandelion’s phenolics,chicoric acid most effectively hindered TLR4-MD-2 complex formation,with a quenching constant of 0.62×10^(6) L/mol for MD-2 or TLR4 at 320 K,and binding energies of-6.87 and-5.97 kcal/mol,respectively,for MD-2 and TLR4.

Simple HPLC–UV Analysis of Phenol and Its Related Compounds in Tap Water after Pre-Column Derivatization with 4-Nitrobenzoyl Chloride

The purpose of this study is to develop an HPLC-UV (280 nm) method for simultaneous determination of phenol, five chlorophenols (2-chlorophenol, 4-chlorophenol, 2,4-dichlorophenol, 2,6-dichlorophenol, and 2,4,6-trichlorophenol), and three phenylphenols (2-phenylphenol, 3-phenylphenol, and 4-phenylphenol) in tap water after pre-column derivatization with 4-nitrobenzoyl chloride. Standard curves were obtained after derivatization with 4-nitrobenzoyl chloride in borate buffer (pH 8.5) at 50°C for 1 min. The nine 4-nitrobenzoyl derivatives were well separated in less than 15 min on a Cholester column. Calibration plots were linear in the range of 0.02 ~ 0.12 to 0.9 mg/L, with r2 values ≥0.9928, for all compounds. The lower limits of detection were 0.006 to 0.05 mg/L. The coefficients of variation were less than 12.0%. The recovery values from tap water spiked with a standard mixture of test compounds were satisfactory. While the levels of phenol, five chlorophenols, and three phenylphenols in tap water were below the lower limit of determination, our method is expected to be useful for monitoring and/or identifying environmental water samples that are contaminated with these compounds, i.e., for assessing compliance with the official guidelines of the World Health Organization.

Room Temperature Phosphorescence of 1-Bromo-4-(bromoacetyl) naphthalene Induced by Sodium Deoxycholate

Sodium deoxycholate (NaDOC) could induce 1-bromo-4-(bromoacetyl) naphthalene (BBAN) to emit strong room temperature phosphorescence (RTP). Measurements of phosphore- scence spectra, peak intensity and polarization were used to investigate the solubilization of BBAN as a function of NaDOC concentration.