基于血清HE4、PLR、RLX、KPNA2构建晚期卵巢上皮性癌术后复发风险预测模型的临床研究

目的探讨基于血清人附睾蛋白4(HE4)、血小板计数/淋巴细胞计数比值(PLR)、血清松弛素(RLX)、核转运蛋白α2(KPNA2)构建晚期卵巢上皮性癌术后复发风险预测模型。方法选取2016年1月至2019年1月苏州市立医院(东区)诊治的124例晚期卵巢上皮性癌患者作为研究对象,根据晚期卵巢上皮性癌患者是否复发分为复发组和无复发组。HE4水平采用电化学发光免疫分析法检测,根据血常规结果计算PLR,酶联免疫吸附试验检测RLX、KPNA2水平。晚期卵巢上皮性癌患者术后复发的影响因素采用多因素Logistic回归分析,并建立晚期卵巢上皮性癌术后复发风险预测模型。采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评估晚期卵巢上皮性癌术后复发风险预测模型的预测效能,利用Hosmer-Lemeshow检验分析患者晚期卵巢上皮性癌术后复发风险预测模型的拟合度。结果复发组与无复发组在肿瘤国际妇产科联盟(FIGO)分期及血清糖类抗原125、HE4、PLR、RLX、KPNA2水平比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。肿瘤FIGO分期Ⅳ期及血清HE4、PLR、RLX、KPNA2升高是晚期卵巢上皮性癌患者术后复发的危险因素(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示,晚期卵巢上皮性癌术后复发风险预测模型的曲线下面积为0.859,均明显高于HE4、PLR、RLX、KPNA2单一指标检测。通过Hosmer-Lemeshow检验分析,晚期卵巢上皮性癌术后复发风险预测模型有较好的拟合度(χ^(2)=7.869,P=0.437)。结论基于血清HE4、PLR、RLX、KPNA2及肿瘤FIGO分期构建的晚期卵巢上皮性癌术后复发风险预测模型对于评估患者晚期卵巢上皮性癌术后复发具有较高的预测价值,值得临床关注。

HIV-1 RNA Viral Load, CD4 Count and Some Haematological Parameters of People Living with HIV in the Enugu Metropolis

Background: It is widely known that the human immune-deficiency virus (HIV) induces biochemical and physiological changes in affected persons. Consequently, the overall aim of this study was to evaluate the HIV-1 RNA viral load, CD4 count, and certain haematological parameters among HIV treatment-na?ve subjects in the Enugu metropolis of Nigeria. Materials and Methods: A total of 252 HIV-infected, ART-native subjects (≥18) attending the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH) in Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu were recruited for this study and were made up of 157 (62.3%) females and 95 (37.7%) males. A total of 250 HIV-negative subjects were used as control subjects (100 males and 150 females). Blood samples were collected from all the participants and their HIV-1 status was confirmed by an immunoblot confirmatory test. Their haematological parameters and CD4 count were evaluated, while the HIV-1 viral load was only assessed on confirmed HIV-positive subjects. Results: There was female predominance (62.3%) among these HIV-positive subjects. The mean age of HIV-positive subjects was 39.16 ± 10.08 years while the mean age of the control subjects was 34.8 ± 8.6 years. The age group of 31 - 40 years (102/252 (40.5%)) constituted most of the test subjects. The total white blood cells (TWBC) (6.05 ± 5.46), lymphocyte counts (36 ± 14), haemoglobin concentrations (Hb) (9.85 ± 7.36) and the CD4 counts (242 ± 228) of the HIV-infected subjects showed a significant difference when compared with their control counterpart values of TWBC (4.5 ± 0.568), lymphocytes (39.67 ± 8.2), Hb (13.48 ± 1.5), and CD4 counts (807 ± 249) (p 0.05). Anaemia, lymphocytopenia, and thrombocytopenia were the haematological abnormalities seen in the HIV-positive subjects. HIV viral load correlated with haemoglobin concentration, CD4 count, lymphocyte count, and neutrophil count (p Conclusion: Prognostic factors, such as haemoglobin concentrations, CD4 counts, lymphocyte counts, and neutrophil counts can be used to monitor patients’ viral loads since they correlate with the latter;furthermore, age is a factor that should be considered in the management of HIV-positive patients.

Poor CD4 count is a predictor of untreated depression in human immunodeficiency virus-positive African-Americans

AIM: To determine if efforts to improve antiretroviral therapy(ART) adherence minimizes the negative impact of depression on human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) outcomes. METHODS: A cross-sectional study of a clinic-based cohort of 158 HIV seropositive(HIV+) African Americans screened for major depressive disorder(MDD) in 2012. CD4 T lymphocyte(CD4+) counts were obtained from these individuals. Self-report on adherence to ART was determined from questionnaire administered during clinic visits. The primary outcome measure was conditional odds of having a poorer CD4+ count(< 350 cells/mm3). Association between CD4+ count and antidepressant-treated or untreated MDD subjects was examined controlling for self-reported adherence and other potential confounders. RESULTS: Out of 147 individuals with available CD4+ T lymphocyte data, 31% had CD4+ count < 350 cells/mm^3 and 28% reported poor ART adherence. As expected the group with > 350 cells/mm^3 CD4+ T lymphocyte endorsed significantly greater ART adherence compared to the group with < 350 cells/mm3 CD4+ T lymphocyte count(P < 0.004). Prevalence of MDD was 39.5% and 66% of individuals with MDD took antidepressants. Poor CD4+ T lymphocyte count was associated with poor ART adherence and MDD. Adjusting for ART adherence, age, sex and education, which were potential confounders, the association between MDD and poor CD4+ T lymphocyte remained significant only in the untreated MDD group.CONCLUSION: Therefore, CD4+ count could be a clinical marker of untreated depression in HIV+. Also, mental health care may be relevant to primary care of HIV+ patients.

Assessing the effect of traditional Chinese medicine on CD4+ lymphocyte count of 807 HIV/AIDS cases

National Free Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) HIV/AIDS Treatment Program had been carried out for more than 5 years, treating 9267 cases accumulately by 2009. We report the 3-year outcome on CD4+ lymphocyte count of 807 cases of HIV/AIDS enrolled in the National Free TCM HIV/AIDS Treatment Pro- gram, the CD4+ lymphocyte count were measured every 6 month at 7 time points (0, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36 month). The results showed that the overall CD4+ ly mphocyte count maintained stable at the 6th month and the 12th month, declined significantly at the 18th month, 24th month and 30th month, then elevated to the pre-treatment level at the 36th month. Patients with pre-treatment CD4+ lymphocyte count level 350/mm3 had CD4+ lymphocyte count declined significantly after all visits. In summary, combined treatment of Chinese herbal medicine and conventional therapy on HIV/AIDS suggested promising effect, but more evidences from larger, rigorous designed studies still needed to support the affirmative effect of TCM in the future.

Correlation between Abdominal Ultrasonographic Findings and CD4 Cell Count in Adult Patients with HIV/AIDS in Jos, Nigeria

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is caused by Human Immunodeficiency Viruses (HIV) resulting in progressive destruction of cell mediated immunity. The abdominal manifestations of AIDS are related to the level of CD+4 cells count as well as viral load. Abdominal ultrasound examination is easy to perform, non-invasive, inexpensive, readily available and reproducible investigation which provides valuable information about abdominal findings in AIDS. The objective of the study was to evaluate abdominal ultrasound findings in adult HIV/AIDS patients in Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria and correlate these findings with the patients’ CD+4 counts. A cross-sectional study of abdominal ultrasound findings of adult patients with HIV/AIDS was conducted over a period of six months. The abdominal ultrasound findings and CD+4 counts were studied. Two hundred (40%) of the patients had normal abdominal ultrasound, while 60% (300) had various abnormalities. The common abnormalities included increased liver parenchymal echogenicity in 25.0%, hepatomegaly in 23.4%, splenomegaly in 6.6%, increased splenic echogenicity in 6.2% and thickened gallbladder wall in 12.6%, elevated renal parenchymal echogenicity in 6.4%, enlarged kidneys in 2.6%, lymphadenopathy in 6.0%, and ascites in 2.4%. Pelvic abscess was the least pathology in 0.2%. Most of the findings did not correlate with the patients’ CD+4?count except for lymphadenopathy and ascites. Although abdominal ultrasound examination is invaluable in the management of these patients, however, it has not shown to be useful in predicting the patients’ immune status.

Correlation Analysis on Total Lymphocyte Count and CD4 Count in HIV-infected Patients: A Retrospective Evaluation

CD4 count is the standard method for determining eligibility for highly active antiretroviral therapy （HAART） and monitoring HIV/AIDS disease progression, but it is not widely available in resource-limited settings. This study examined the correlation between total lymphocyte count （TLC） and CD4 count of HIV-infected patients before and after HAART, and assessed the thresholds of TLC for making decisions about the initiation and for monitoring HAART. A retrospective study was performed, and 665 HIV-infected patients with TLC and CD4 count from four counties （Shangcai, Queshan, Shenqiu and Weishi） were included in the study. Pearson correlation and receiver operating characteristic （ROC） were used. TLC and CD4 count after HAART was significantly increased as compared with pre-HAART （P〈0.01）. An overall positive correlation was noted between TLC and CD4 count （pre-HAART, r=0.73, P=0.0001; follow-up HAART, r=0.56, P=0.0001）. The ROC curve between TLC and CD4 count showed that TLC ≤ 1200 cells/mm3 could predict CD4 〈 200 cells/mm3 with a sensitivity of 71.12%, specificity of 66.35% at pre-HAART. After 12-month HAART, the optimum prediction for CD4 count 〈 200 cells/mm3 was a TLC ≤ 1300 cells/mm3, with a sensitivity of 63.27%, and a specificity of 74.84%. Further finding indicated that TLC change was positively correlated to CD4 change （r=0.77, P=0.0001） at the time point of 12-month treatment, and the best prediction point of TLC change for CD4 increasing was 135 cells/mm3. TLC and its change can be used as a surrogate marker for CD4 count and its change of HIV-infected individuals for making decisions about the initiation and for monitoring HAART in resource-limited settings.

Bayesian Joint Modelling of Survival Time and Longitudinal CD4 Cell Counts Using Accelerated Failure Time and Generalized Error Distributions

Survival of HIV/AIDS patients is crucially dependent on comprehensive and targeted medical interventions such as supply of antiretroviral therapy and monitoring disease progression with CD4 T-cell counts. Statistical modelling approaches are helpful towards this goal. This study aims at developing Bayesian joint models with assumed generalized error distribution (GED) for the longitudinal CD4 data and two accelerated failure time distributions, Lognormal and loglogistic, for the survival time of HIV/AIDS patients. Data are obtained from patients under antiretroviral therapy follow-up at Shashemene referral hospital during January 2006-January 2012 and at Bale Robe general hospital during January 2008-March 2015. The Bayesian joint models are defined through latent variables and association parameters and with specified non-informative prior distributions for the model parameters. Simulations are conducted using Gibbs sampler algorithm implemented in the WinBUGS software. The results of the analyses of the two different data sets show that distributions of measurement errors of the longitudinal CD4 variable follow the generalized error distribution with fatter tails than the normal distribution. The Bayesian joint GED loglogistic models fit better to the data sets compared to the lognormal cases. Findings reveal that patients’ health can be improved over time. Compared to the males, female patients gain more CD4 counts. Survival time of a patient is negatively affected by TB infection. Moreover, increase in number of opportunistic infection implies decline of CD4 counts. Patients’ age negatively affects the disease marker with no effects on survival time. Improving weight may improve survival time of patients. Bayesian joint models with GED and AFT distributions are found to be useful in modelling the longitudinal and survival processes. Thus we recommend the generalized error distributions for measurement errors of the longitudinal data under the Bayesian joint modelling. Further studies may investigate the models with various types of shared random effects and more covariates with predictions.

Detection of microbial antigenic components of circulating immune complexes in HIV patients:Involvement in CD4^+ T lymphocyte count depletion

Objective:To investigate the prevalence of microbial antigenic components of circulating immune complexes amongst grades of CD4 T lymphocyte counts in HIV sero positive and seronegative participants.Methods:Polyethelene glycol(PEG-600) and buffering methods of precipitation and dissociation of immune complexes was used to generate immune solution from sera of 100 HIV sero-positive and 100 HIV sero-negative participants.These were categorized into 3 grades based on CD4 count:】 500 cell/mm,200-499 cell/mm3 and 【200 cell/mm3.The immune solutions were assayed using membrane based immunoassay and antibody titration, along side its unprocessed serum for detection of various microbial antigens and or antibodies. CD4 T cell counts were estimated using Patec Cyflow SL-3 Germany.Results:Antigenic component of immune complexes of various infectious agents was detected in 99 and 70 HIV seropositive and HIV sero-negative participants,respectively.In group A,there were 10 HIV positive participants,including 4(40.0%) had circulating immune complexes(CICs) due to Salmonella species only:1(10.0%) due to Salmonella-Plasmodium falciparum(P.falciparum),SalmonellaP. falciparum-HCV and P.falciparum antigens,respectively.In group B,45(45.4%) HIV seropositive participants with CICs had CD4 T lymphocyte count between 200-499 cells/mm^3.Out of these,20(44.4%) had CICs due to Salmonella species only:9(20%) due to Salmonella-P. falciparum.In group C,there were 44(44.4%) HIV sero-positive participants,including 3(6.8%) due to Salmonella species only:24(54.4%) due to Salmonella-P.falciparum:2(4.5%) due to P. falciparum only.Conclusions:In HIV sero-positive participants,presence of heterogeneity of Salmonella species-P.falciparum antigens was highly incriminated in CD4 count depletion but not homogeneity of malaria parasites antigens.Malaria parasites antigens only were incriminated in CD4^+ count depletion amongst HIV sero-negative participants.Before taking any decision on the management of HIV-1-positive individuals,their malaria and Salmonella paratyphi status should be assessed,but not malaria status alone.

CD4 T-Lymphocytes Count in HIV-<i>Toxoplasma gondii</i>Co-Infected Pregnant Women Undergoing a Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission Program

Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is a parasite responsible of toxoplasmosis, a disease often asymptomatic but with serious consequences in pregnant women and immunocompromised subjects. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the impact of T. gondii infection on CD4+ T lymphocytes count in HIV-infected pregnant women. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of pregnant women co-infected by HIV and T. gondii. The study was conducted from January to July 2016 at the Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV (PMTCT) sites in the Health District of Lacs in Togo. Diagnosis of HIV was performed by immuno-chromatographic methods with Determine TM HIV-1/2 and immuno-filtration with Tri-Dot HIV-1 and 2 kits. Presence of anti-toxoplasmic IgG and IgM antibodies was established via enzyme immunoassay using ELISA-BIOREX&reg;kit. Flow cytometry was used to count CD4+ T lymphocytes. Results: Our study found that of the 4599 pregnant women, 111 (2.41%) were HIV-positive. Among them, 109 (98.20%) were infected by HIV-1 and 2 (1.98%) by HIV-2. Antibodies against T. gondii were detected in 5.36% (IgM), 25% (IgG) and 3.57% (both IgM and IgG) of HIV 56 infected women. There was no significant difference between CD4 cell count in HIV (+)/T. gondii IgM (-)/IgG (-) infected pregnant women (378.8 ± 222.8 cell//μl) compared to HIV (+)/T. gondii/IgM (+) (457.3 ± 183.3 cell//μl), HIV (+)/T. gondii IgG (+) (419.4 ± 287.3 cell//μl) and HIV (+)/T. gondii IgM/IgG (+) (480.5 ± 252.4 cell/μl). Conclusion: This study showed that intracellular parasite T. gondii did not alter CD4+ T lymphocytes count in HIV/T. gondii co-infected pregnant women.

Sustained heavy ethanol drinking affects CD4⁺cell counts in HIV-infected patients on stavudine (d4T), lamivudine (3TC) and nevirapine (NVP) treatment regimen during 9 months follow-up period

Sustained heavy ethanol drinking is a common problem globally and ethanol is one of the most abused drugs among individuals of different socio-economic status including the HIV-infected patients on antiretroviral drugs. Ethanol is reward drug and a CNS depressant especially at high doses. The study determined the effect of sustained heavy ethanol drinking by HIV-infected patients on d4T/3TC/NVP regimen on CD4+ cell counts in Uganda using WHO AUDIT tool and chronic alcohol-use biomarkers. A case control study using repeated measures design with serial measurements model was used. The patients on stavudine (d4T) 30 mg, lamivudine (3TC) 150 mg and nevirapine (NVP) 200 mg and chronic alcohol use were recruited. A total of 41 patients (20 in alcohol group and 21 in control group) were screened for chronic alcohol use by WHO AUDIT tool and chronic alcohol use biomarkers. They were followed up for 9 months with blood sampling done at 3 months intervals. CD4+ cell count was determined using Facscalibur Flow Cytometer system. Results were then sorted by alcohol-use biomarkers (GGT, MCV and AST/ ALT ratio). Data were analysed using SAS 2003 version 9.1 statistical package with repeated measures fixed model and the means were compared using student t-test. The mean CD4+ cell counts in all the groups were lower than the reference ranges at baseline and gradually increased at 3, 6 and 9 months of follow-up. The mean CD4+ cell counts were higher in the control group as compared to the chronic alcohol use group in both WHO AUDIT tool group and chronic alcohol-use biomarkers group though there was no significant difference (p > 0.05). Chronic alcohol use slightly lowers CD4+ cell count in HIV-infected patients on d4T/3TC/NVP treatment regimen.

Study of Cardiac Manifestations in Patients with HIV Infection and Their Correlation with CD4 Count in Indian Population

Introduction: With advances in the management of patients living with HIV and AIDS (PLHA), not only survival has increased but manifestations of late stage HIV infection are encountered more often including cardiovascular complications. Aims and Objectives: To determine the prevalence and characteristics of cardiac manifestations in patients with HIV infection and to evaluate their correlation with CD4 count. Materials and Method: 70 consecutive patients with HIV infection admitted to Post Graduate Department of Medicine from the period of July 2010 to August 2011 were studied. All cases of PLHA diagnosed after positive ELISA test for HIV infection were included, whereas those with congenital heart disease, rheumatic heart disease, hypertension, Ischemic heart disease were excluded from the study. CD4 count and 2D echocardiography along with routine investigations were done for all patients. Result: Male to female ratio was 2:1. Echocardiographic abnormalities were seen in 58% of patients. Reduced ejection fraction (below 50%) and fractional shortening below 30% were the most common cardiac abnormality (48.7%) followed by pericardial effusion (17.4%), pulmonary artery hypertension (11.4%), dilated cardiomyopathy (8.5%), diastolic dysfunction (8.5%) and regional wall motion abnormality (1.4%) respectively. Significant statistical positive correlation was observed between low CD4 count and echocardiographic abnormalities (p < 0.0001). Pericardial effusion was seen more in patients with CD4 count below 200 (p < 0.001). Maximum number of echocardiographic abnormalities was seen in WHO clinical stage IV. Conclusions: Cardiac manifestations are frequent PLHA in our population but do not have detectable clinical manifestation. Echocardiographic abnormalities have a strong correlation with low CD4 count and occur more in advanced stage of the disease.

Evidence of Renal Damage in HIV-Infected Patients with High CD4 Counts Following the Use of Traditional Medicine

Kidney dysfunction is one of the most serious complications resulting from the use of traditional medicine which is common in Africa accounting for about 35% of renal damage in HIV-infected patients. In this cross sectional study, 250 HIV-infected patients were groups as follows: ART GrpA (100), ART + traditional medicine use GrpB (100) and ART treatment naïve + traditional medicine GrpC (50). Tubular dysfunctions were defined when at least two or more of the following abnormalities were repeatedly present: Uricosuria ≥ 0.05 mg/dl, Phosphaturia ≥ 20.0 mg/dl, Glucosuria ≥ 0.1 mg/dl, Proteinuria = positive protein on dipstick urine. Renal dysfunctions were found to be significantly high (P = 0.001) in the group of patients treated with ART + traditional medicine. 27 (64.29%) patients followed by ART treatment naïve patients + traditional medicine;12 (28.57%) patients and only 4 (7.14%) patients developed renal toxicity in the ART treatment Grp. But strikingly CD4 counts were also significantly higher in Grp B (683 cell/ul) compared to group A (446 cell/ul) and C (206 cell/ul). Our results show that HIV-infected patients on ART combined with traditional medicine might develop renal abnormalities in the presence of high CD4 counts, in the course of incessant use of traditional medicine. Thus it is important that more research be conducted on its usage among the Black population with HIV infection.

Factors Associated with Sample Rejection for CD4+/CD8+ T Cell Count Analyses at the Kenyatta National Hospital Comprehensive Care Center Laboratory, Kenya

Background: The appropriate time to initiate antiretroviral therapy (ART) in HIV/AIDS patients is determined by measurement of CD4+/CD8+ T cell count. The CD4/CD8+ T cell count is also useful, together with viral load, in monitoring disease progression and effectiveness treatment regimens. Several factors may contribute to sample rejection during the CD4+/CD8+ T cells count, resulting in negative effects on patient management. Objective: Evaluate the causes for CD4+CD8+ T cell count sample rejection at the Kenyatta National Hospital Comprehensive Care Center Laboratory. Method: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted between 2018 and 2020. Data was obtained from the “rejected samples” for PartecR FlowCyp flow cytometry file. Designed data collection sheet was used for data capture. A total of 3972 samples were submitted for CD4+/CD8+ T cell count during the study period. Causes for sample rejection were numbered 1 to 12, each representing a reason for sample rejection. Number 1 was sub-categorized into clotted, hemolyzed, short-draw and lipemic. Data was analyzed using excel, and presented using tables, graphs and pie charts. Approval to conduct the study was obtained from KNH/UoN ERC. Results: In the study period, 81/3972 (2.0%) samples were rejected. Samples submitted more than 48 hours after collection were mostly rejected. Other factors included improper collection technique, delayed testing, patient identification error and incorrect use of vacutainer. A combination of clotted samples, specimen submission more than 48 hours caused the most frequent sample rejection, followed with combination of specimen submission more than 48 hours, delayed testing and delayed specimen processing. Together, clotted samples, incorrect vacutainer and poor specimen label caused the least sample rejection. Conclusion: Sample rejection rate for CD4/CD8+ T cell count was relatively low, and multiple factors contributed to rejection. However, improved quality assurance will enable more benefit to patients who seek this test in the laboratory.

160例成人HIV感染者/AIDS患者机会性感染与CD_4^+之间关系分析

目的 分析中国成人艾滋病病毒 (HIV)感染者 /艾滋病 (AIDS)患者机会性感染发生的频率与CD+4 细胞数之间的关系。方法 对 1990～ 2 0 0 1在北京佑安医院就诊的 160例成人HIV感染者 /AIDS患者CD+4 、CD+8进行跟踪分析。结果 ( 1)CD+4 >5 0 0个 / μl 66人次 ( 12 7% ) ,CD+4 为 2 0 0个 / μl～ 5 0 0个 / μl 2 12人次 ( 41 1% ) ,CD+4 <2 0 0个 / μl 2 3 4人次 ( 45 3 % )。在CD+4 <个 2 0 0 / μl中 ,CD+4 <10 0个 / μl 12 8人次 ( 2 4 8% ) ,CD+4 <5 0个 / μl 89人次( 17 2 % )。 ( 2 )CD+4 >2 0 0个 / μl时 ,共发生机会性感染 3 3人次 ( 15 6% )。CD+4 <2 0 0个 / μl时 ,共发生机会性感染170人次 ( 72 6% ) ,CD+4 为 10 0个 / μl～ 2 0 0个 / μl之间发生机会性感染 42人次 ( 3 9 6% ) ,CD+4 <10 0个 / μl发生机会性感染 12 8人次 ( 98 4% ) ,其中CD+4 <5 0个 / μl发生机会性感染 87人次 ( 97 8% )。 结论 中国成人HIV感染者 /AIDS患者在CD+4 >2 0 0个 / μl时机会性感染出现频率较少 ,CD+4 <2 0 0个 / μl时机会性感染的频率明显增加 ;CD+4 <10 0个 / μl和 <5 0个 / μl时 ,感染率约为 10 0 %。

中国HIV/AIDS患者CD_4^+CD_8^+T淋巴细胞与外周血各组份间关系的研究

目的 研究艾滋病病毒 /艾滋病 (HIV/AIDS)患者CD+ 4 、CD+ 8T淋巴细胞数与外周血各组份间白细胞(WBC)、血小板 (PLT)、血红蛋白 (HGB)、粒细胞百分数 (GR % )、淋巴细胞百分数 (LY % )、LY的相关性 ,为临床治疗提供参考依据。方法 HIV/AIDS患者抗凝外周血 5 13份 ,在 6小时之内检测其血细胞分类和CD+ 4 、CD+ 8T淋巴细胞计数 ,比较CD+ 4 、CD+ 8T淋巴细胞计数与WBC、HGB、PLT、LY %、GR %和LY的相关性。结果 CD4/CD8全部倒置 ,其中CD4/CD8<1者达 94 7% ;CD+ 4 细胞数 <5 0 0 /mm3 与HGB (r=0 16 0 ,P <0 0 1)、PLT (r=- 0 0 14 ,P <0 0 1)、GR % (r=- 0 2 81,P<0 0 1)、LY % (r =0 32 1,P <0 0 1)、LY((r =0 4 94 ,P <0 0 1)相关均有非常显著的统计学意义 ;CD+ 8细胞数与WBC数 (r=0 112 ,P <0 0 5 )、HGB (r=0 131,P <0 0 1) 、GR % (r=- 0 5 2 6 ,P <0 0 1)、LY % (r=0 5 6 9,P <0 0 1)、LY (r=0 90 4 ,P <0 0 1) 相关均有显著性 ;2 0 0 /mm3 <CD+ 4 细胞数 <5 0 0 /mm3 与LY (r=0 2 79,P <0 0 1)、PLT (r=0 192 ,P <0 0 1) 相关有显著性 ,CD+ 4 细胞数 <2 0 0 /mm3 与LY (r =0 2 6 2 ,P<0 0 1)、LY % (r =0 2 79,P<0 0 1)、GR % (r =- 0 2 94 ,P<0 0 1)

广西壮族自治区健康成年人T淋巴细胞亚群分类绝对计数及CD_4/CD_8比值调查

目的 初步建立广西壮族自治区健康人群外周静脉血CD3 、CD4、CD8T淋巴细胞绝对数值和CD4/CD8比值的参考范围。方法 用流式细胞仪 (FACSCalibur,FCS)、三色免疫荧光试剂和绝对计数管 (TnTEST/Tru COUNT) ,检测 110名广西健康成年人 (16～ 5 6岁 )静脉全血CD3 、CD4、CD8T淋巴细胞绝对数值和CD4/CD8比值 ,并观察T淋巴细胞亚群分类计数在性别、年龄和民族上的差别。结果 110名健康成年人检测结果平均值 :CD3 为5 2 4± 5 4 1,CD4为 82 3± 30 5 ,CD8为 6 0 1± 2 4 8,CD4/CD8为 1 4 9± 0 5 3。进一步分析发现 ,CD4和CD4/CD8在民族分布上 (汉族 79名、壮族 31名 )的差异有显著的统计学意义 (P <0 0 5 )。结论 这次初步建立CD3 、CD4、CD8T细胞绝对数值和CD4/CD8比值正常参考范围 ,对于指导广西的艾滋病诊断及治疗工作有重要意义。

HIV感染者病毒载量和CD_4淋巴细胞计数的意义

[目的 ] 探讨人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV)病毒载量和CD4 淋巴细胞计数作为HIV感染者病情演变指征的意义。[方法 ] 对上海地区HIV感染者定期随访HIV病毒载量和CD4 淋巴细胞计数的变化 ,分别采用bDNA和流式细胞仪进行检测 ,所有数据均在计算机上采用SPSS软件统计分析两种指标的趋势和相关性。 [结果 ] 检测 2 82份标本 ,血浆病毒载量界于 <10 2 至 >5× 10 5拷贝数 /mL ,CD4 淋巴细胞计数 8～ 5 0 0个 /mm3;病毒载量和淋巴细胞两者存在明显的相关性 ,呈负相关趋势。 [结论 ] HIV病毒载量和CD4 淋巴细胞不仅具有明显的相关性 ,而且完全可作为HIV感染者有效的观察疾病演变的指标 。

醒鼻温敏凝胶剂对变应性鼻炎大鼠血清白细胞介素-4、转化生长因子-β1和鼻黏膜嗜酸性粒细胞的影响

目的观察醒鼻温敏凝胶剂对变应性鼻炎(AR)大鼠血清白细胞介素-4(IL-4)、转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)及鼻黏膜嗜酸性粒细胞(EOS)计数的影响,探讨其作用机制。方法以卵清白蛋白加氢氧化铝腹腔注射基础致敏,局部以2%卵清白蛋白激发成功复制AR模型。实验大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、阳性对照组和醒鼻低、中、高剂量组,各给药组给予相应药物干预。比较各组大鼠症状评分,检测血清IL-4、TGF-β1含量和鼻黏膜EOS计数。结果与正常组比较,模型组大鼠血清IL-4、TGF-β1含量明显升高(P<0.01),鼻黏膜组织EOS计数明显增加(P<0.05);与模型组比较,醒鼻中剂量组和阳性对照组血清IL-4、TGF-β1含量明显降低(P<0.01),鼻黏膜组织EOS计数明显减少(P<0.05)。结论醒鼻温敏凝胶剂可能通过下调IL-4、TGF-β1等炎症因子水平及减少鼻黏膜EOS浸润而发挥治疗作用。

乌司他丁对急性坏死性胰腺炎发作时胰腺组织CD_4、CD_8的影响

目的 :探讨乌司他丁对急性坏死性胰腺炎 (ANP)发作时胰腺组织局部免疫功能的影响。方法 :健康的SD大鼠 5 0只随机分成 4组 :正常对照组 (A组 ) 2 0只 ;假手术组 (B组 ) 10只 ;ANP未处理组 (C组 ) 10只 ;ANP乌司他丁治疗组 (D组 ) 10只。ANP动物模型建立后 2h、6h、8h、10h分别检测AMS、NO、TNFα 浓度变化及胰腺大体观察及CD4、CD8计数。结果 :动物模型建立后 2h、6h、8h、10h ,D组AMS、NO、TNFα 浓度明显低于C组 (P <0 .0 1)。胰腺组织C组CD8计数明显高于D组 ,而CD4计数、CD4/CD8比值明显低于D组。结论 :乌司他丁除了具有抑制胰酶和细胞因子的作用外 ,还可通过改善细胞免疫功能而达到治疗急性坏死性胰腺炎的作用。

胆甾-4-烯-3β,6β-二醇双琥珀酸单酯双乙醇胺盐的体内抗癌活性及对血象的影响

目的考察胆甾4烯3β,6β二醇双琥珀酸单酯双乙醇胺盐(EBCD)的体内抗癌活性、急性毒性及对小鼠末梢血象、骨髓有核细胞总数的影响。方法体内抗癌活性实验按《抗肿瘤药药效学技术要求》的规定进行。连续灌服EBCD各剂量7 d,取给药前后尾血计数末梢血象,取给药后骨髓计数骨髓有核细胞总数,最后统计。急性毒性实验按常规方法进行。结果灌服EBCD200 mg.kg-1以上对小鼠S180(肉瘤)体内抗癌活性有显著意义。灌服EBCD 200、244、280 mg.kg-1时对小鼠末梢血红细胞、白细胞及其分类计数、股骨骨髓有核细胞总数无显著影响,急性毒性LD50为1 047 mg.kg-1。结论EBCD具有一定的抗癌活性,其骨髓抑制作用可能较弱。