An efficient route towards R-2-phenoxypropionic acid synthesis for biotransformative production of R-2-(4-hydroxyphenoxy)propionic acid

R2(4hydroxyphenoxy)propionic acid(RHPPA)is a key intermediate for the synthesis of classic herbicides with high selectivity against grassy weed.The main route for RHPPA biosynthesis is to hydroxylate the substrate R2phenoxypropionic acid(RPPA)at C4 position with microbes.In order to provide sufficient RPPA for the industrial production of RHPPA,an effective RPPA synthesis method was established and optimized in this work.The synthesis process mainly consisted of two steps:(1)synthesis of S2chloropropionic acid from Lalanine via diazotization and chlorination reactions;and(2)synthesis of RPPA from S2chloropropionic acid and phenol via etherification reaction.The optimal reaction conditions were as follows:HCl:NaNO_(2):KI:LAla=2.0:1.2:0.7:1.0(in molar),125℃reflux for 1.5 h,with KI as catalyst,and KI:S2chloropropionic acid:phenol=0.075:1.2:1.0(in molar).Under these conditions,an improved molar conversion rate(74.9%,calculated in phenol)was achieved.After extraction using anionic exchange resin Amberlite IRA400(CI),RPPA product with a purity of 95.08%was obtained.The purified RPPA was identified and evaluated in the application of the biotransformative production of RHPPA.The results indicated that the synthesized RPPA supported the RHPPA biosynthesis with a comparable yield as that of the standard RPPA.The RPPA synthesis method provided herein exhibited the advantages of low price and easy availability of raw materials,less toxicity of reagents,simple manipulations,and low equipment/instrument requirements.

Hydrothermal Syntheses and Crystal Structures of Six Complexes Constructed from 1,3,5-Benzenetricarboxylic Acid and 4'-(4-Pyridyl)-2,2':6',2''-terpyridine Mixed Ligands

Six new transition metal complexes, [Zn（HBTC）（PYTPY）]n·n PYTPY（1）, [Cu（HBTC）（PYTPY）]n·n PYTPY（2）, [Co（HBTC）（PYTPY）]n·n DMF（3）, [Mn（HBTC）（PYTPY）]n·n DMF（4）, [Cd（HBTC）（PYTPY）（H2O）]n·2nH2O（5）, and [Co（HBTC）（PYTPY）（H2O）2]（6）,（H3BTC = 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid, PYTPY = 4＇-（4-pyridyl）-2,2＇：6＇,2＇＇-terpyridine, DMF = N,N？-dimethylformamide）, have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR and X-ray single-crystal diffraction. Complexes 1~5 all feature one-dimensional chain structures, and complex 6 exhibits a zero-dimensional structure. Complexes 1~5 present three-dimensional（3D） supramolecular frameworks via π-π stacking interactions, whenas 6 has also a 3D supramolecular structure assembled by hydrogen bonding. Meanwhile, complexes 1 ~ 6 exhibit the thermal stabilities and photoluminescent properties.

Syntheses, Structures and Photoluminescence of the Cadmium(Ⅱ) and Copper(Ⅱ) Complexes Based on 4'-(4''-Pyridyl)-2,2':6',2''-terpyridine and 1,4-Benzenedicarboxylic Acid Ligands

Two new metal-organic complexes [Cd2（1,4-BDC）（4-pytyp）（H2O）4]·（1,4-BDC）（1） and [Cu2（1,4-BDC）（4-pytyp）2（H2O）2]·（1,4-BDC）·8H2O（2）（4-pytyp = 4＇-（4＇＇-pyridyl）-2,2＇：6＇,2＇＇-terpyridine, 1,4-H2 BDC = 1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid） have been synthesized under hydrothermal conditions and characterized by elemental analysis, infrared analysis and X-ray single-crystal diffraction. The scrutiny of single-crystal structure reveals that complex 1 forms to a 3D supramolecular network linked by π-π stacking interactions and hydrogen bonds. X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that complex 2 exhibits a 3D supramolecular network linked through complicated hydrogen bonds. The thermogravimetric analysis and photoluminescent properties of 1 and 2 are discussed in detail.

A Green Synthesis of 2-Ethylanthraquinone by Dehydration of 2-(4'-ethylbenzoyl) benzoic Acid over Solid Acid Catalysts

The dehydration of 2-（4＇-ethylbenzoyl） benzoic acid （BE acid） to 2-ethylanthraquinone （2-EAQ） was investigated over solid acid catalysts. The results showed that H-beta zeolite catalyst modified by dilute HNO3 solution exhibited an excellent performance. In our study, the conversion of BE acid can reach 96.7%, and the selectivity to 2-EAQ is up to 99.6%.

A One-dimensional Cd(Ⅱ)Coordination Polymer Constructed from 1,4-Benzene-dicarboxylic Acid and 3-(2,6-Di(pyrazin-2-yl)pyridin-4-yl)-1H-indole:Synthesis,Structure and Photoluminescence

A new coordination polymer {[Cd（C_（21）H_（14）N_6）（C_8H_4O_4）]·H_2O}_n（1） was synthesized by an elaborate design via the reaction of 3-（2,6-di（pyrazin-2-yl）pyridin-4-yl）-1H-indole（bppi）,1,4-benzene-dicarboxylic acid（H2bdc） and cadmium（Ⅱ） nitrate in CH_3OH/H_2O mixed solvents. Complex 1 crystallizes in orthorhombic,space group Ccca with a = 20.012（4）,b = 31.881（6）,c = 19.808（4） ？,V = 12638（4） ？~3,Z = 16,C_（29）H_（20）CdN_6O_5,M_r = 644.91,D_c = 1.356 g·cm^（-3）,μ = 0.735 mm^（-1）,F（000） = 5184,GOOF = 1.046,the final R = 0.0405 and wR = 0.1063 for 6870 observed reflections（I 〉 2σ（I））. The Cd（Ⅱ） centre is hepta-coordinated by three N and four O atoms from one bppi terminal ligand and two bdc2– ligands,respectively,displaying a capped trigonal prism geometry. Structure extension gives coordination polymeric chains,in which the bdc2– linkers connect Cd（Ⅱ） cations into a one-dimensional（1D） coordination polymer along the c axis,giving zigzag chains with the Cd···Cd separation of 11.178（1） ？. The adjacent bppi terminal ligands in the chains are anti-periplanar conformation. The three-dimensional（3D） structure is stabilized by π···π stacking and hydrogen-bonding interactions to form a supramolecular self-penetrating network with 1D channels. In 1,there are voids 2999.7 ？~3 with 23.7% of per unit cell volume. Thermal analysis indicates that the framework of 1 is stable until 651 K and the photoluminescence of 1 in the solid shows very weak fluorescence at 382 and 560 nm upon excitation at 310 nm.

Enantioselective esterification of(R,S)-2-(4-methylphenyl)propionic acid via Novozym 435:Optimization and application

This paper reports on the resolution of(R,S)-2-(4-methylphenyl)propionic acid(MPPA)enantiomers by enzymatic esterification in organic solvent.Novozym 435(CALB)has the best catalytic performance compared with other lipases.Of the alcohols screened,n-hexanol is the best acyl acceptor and gives the highest enzyme activity and enantioselectivity in n-hexane.Response surface methodology(RSM)was used to evaluate the influence of the factors,such as temperature,enzyme amount,substrate concentration and reaction time on the substrate conversion(c)and enantiomeric excess(ee).The correlation coefficient R2 for enantiomeric excess and the conversion are 0.9827 and 0.9910,respectively,indicating that can accurately predict the experimental results.By simulation and optimization,the optimal conditions were obtained,involving 600 mmol·L^-1 MPPA concentration(0.60 mmol),850 mmol·L^-1 hexanol concentration(0.85 mmol),58 mg enzyme amount,75℃temperature and 4.5 h reaction time,respectively.Under the optimized conditions,the experimental values of conversion and enantiomeric excess were 89.34%and 97.84%,respectively,which are in good agreement with the model predictions.

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of 4-(4,6-dimethoxyl -pyrimidin-2-yl)-3-thiourea Carboxylic Acid Methyl Ester

The title compound 4-（4,6-dimethoxylpyrimidin-2-yl）-3-thiourea carboxylic acid methyl ester was synthesized by the reaction of 2-amino-4,6-dimethoxyl pyrimidine, potassium thiocyanate and methyl chloroformate in ethyl acetate. Single crystals suitable for X-ray measurement were obtained by recrystallization with the solvent of dimethyl formamide at the room temperature. The structure was characterized by elemental analysis and IR and determined by X-ray diffraction analysis＇ Crystallographic data： C9H12N4O4S, Mr = 272.29, monoclinic, space group C2/m with a = 1.6672（3）, b = 0.66383（12）, c = 1.1617（2） nm, β = 109.275（2）°, V = 1.2136（4） nm^3, Dc = 1.490 g/cm^3,μ = 0.281 mm^-1, F（000） = 568, Z = 4, R1 = 0.0341and wR2 = 0.1042.

Pig Liver Esterase-catalyzed Hydrolysis of Three Diesters of meso-Bicyclic Dicarboxylic Acid and Three Tetraesters of Tetrahydrofuran -2,3,4,5-tetracarboxylic Acid

Three diesters of exo- syn-meso-oxabicyclo (2, 2, 1 ) -hept- 5- ene- 2, 3- dicarboxylic acid and three tetraesters of tetrahydrofuran-2, 3, 4, 5-tetracarboxylic acid were synthesized and tested with enantioselective hydrolysis catalyzed by pig liver esterase(PLE). The results of the PLEcatalyzed hydrolysis were discussed.

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of 2-[(4-Methoxy- 6-methylthio-2-pyrimidinyl)aminocarbonyl- aminosulfonyl] Benzoic Acid Methyl Ester

The title compound 2-[(4-methoxy-6-methylthio-2-pyrimidinyl)aminocarbonyl- aminosulfonyl]benzoic acid methyl ester (C15H16N4O6S2, Mr = 412.44) was obtained by the reaction of (4-methoxy-6-methylthio-2-pyrimidinyl)amine with 2-methoxylcarbonylbenzene-sulfonylisocya- nate. The crystal is of monoclinic, space group P21/c with a =11.169(3), b = 9.508(3), c = 17.690(5) ? b = 91.593(5), Z = 4, V = 1877.9(10) 3, Dc = 1.459 g/cm3, F(000) = 856, m(MoKa) = 0.324 mm-1, R = 0.0690 and wR = 0.1368 for 3301 observed reflections (I > 2s(I)). The N(1)H…N(3) and N(2)H…O(4) hydrogen bonds can be observed. In the molecule the phenyl plane(I), pyrimi- din-2-yl-urea bridge plane(Ⅱ) and ester plane(Ⅲ) form three conjugated systems.

Synthesis of (S)-2-(3-Arylacrylamido)-3-{4-[2-(5-methyl-2-phenyl-oxazol-4-yl)ethoxy]phenyl}propanoic Acids

The synthesis of （S）-2-（3-arylacrylamido）-3-{4-[2-（5-methyl-2-phenyloxazol-4-yl）etho- xy]phenyl}propanoic acids is described. Their structures were confirmed by ^1H-NMR.

Synthesis of (2S,4S)-2-Substituted-3- (3-Sulfanylpropanoyl)-6- Oxohexahydropyrimidine-4-Carboxylic Acids as Potential Antihypertensive Drugs

Proceeding from natural amino acid L-asparagine and commercially available aldehydes a stereoselective synthesis was developed of (2S,4S)-2-alkyl(aryl)-3-(3-sulfanylpropanoyl)-6-oxohexahy- dropyrimidine-4-carboxylic acids, potential antihypertensive drugs, inhibitors of the angiotensin converting enzyme.

Syntheses and antimicrobial activities of amide derivatives of 4-[(2-isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexyl)oxo]-4-oxobutanoic acid

Chiral 4-[(2-isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexyl)oxo]-4-oxobutanoic acid reacts with substituted anilines to produce amides 1-6 in high yields. Resulted amides 1-6 were investigated for their antifungal and antibacterial activities. Compounds 2 (96.5%) against Aspergillus fumigatus and 6 (93.7%) against Helminthosporium sativum demonstrated excellent activities. However, compounds 3 (37.6%) against Bacillus subtilis, 4 (33.2%) against Pseudomonas aurignosa, 5 against Klebsiella pneumonia demonstrated excellent growth inhibition potential.

Metal-organic frameworks derived from divalent metals and 4-(1H-1, 2, 4-triazol-1-yl)benzoic acid

Two inorganic-organic coordination polymers, [Cd(TBA)2]·3H2O (1) and [Cu(TBA)2]·2H2O (2) have been synthesized by reaction of the metal ions of Cd(II) and Cu(II) with the ligand HTBA [HTBA = 4- (1H-1, 2, 4-triazol-1-yl)benzoic acid] under solvothermal condition. The compounds were characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), and thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA). The structural analyses reveal the two independent polymers exhibit different structures. Complex 1 exhibits a 3D framework with 1D channels, and complex 2 shows a 2-fold interpenetrating 3D diamond net.

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of 4-(4,6-Dimethoxylpyrimidin-2-yl)-3-thiourea Carboxylic Acid Ethyl Ester

4-（4,6-Dimethoxyl-pyrimidin-2-yl）-3-thiourea carboxylic acid ethyl ester was synthesized by the reaction of 2-amino-4,6-dimethoxyl pyrimidine, potassium thiocyanate and methyl chloroformate in ethyl acetate. Single crystals suitable for X-ray measurement were obtained by recrystallization with the solvent of dimethyl formamide at room temperature. The crystal structure was determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. Crystallographic data： C10H14N4O4S, M, = 286.31, monoclinic, space group C2/c with a = 2.5309（3）, b = 0.67682（6）, c = 1.74237（19） nm, β = 114.744（3）°, V= 2.7106（5） nm3, Dc = 1.403 g/cm3, p = 0.225 mm-1, F（000） = 1200, Z= 8, R= 0.0514 and wR= 0.1529.

Effect of Temperature on the Reaction of 2-(N-acetylamine)-3-(3,5-di-<i>tert</i>-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionic Acid with Oxygen in an Alkaline Condition

Results of oxidation 2-(N-acetylamine)-3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionic acid oxygen depend on temperature. At 55℃?- 60℃, 2,4-di-tert-butylbicyclo(4,3,1)deca-4,6-dien-8-(N-acetylamine)-3,9-dion-1-oxa is formed. The constitution is based on dates of spectrums 1Н and 13С NMR. At 95℃?- 97℃, mixtures of 2,4-di-tert-butylbicyclo(4,3,1)deca-4,6-dien-8-(N-acetylamine)-3,9-dion-1-oxa and of 6,8-di-tert-butyl-3-(N-acetylamine)spiro(4,5)deca-1-oxa-5,8-dien-2,7-dione are produced. Structures are calculated by the method of Hartrii-Foka. Values of enthalpies and of entropies allow to assume dynamic isomerism.

4-(2-噻吩基)苯乙酸及其衍生物的合成

采用新方法设计并合成了4-(2-噻吩基)苯乙酸及其衍生物。通过对各步反应的研究,找到了最佳的反应条件和4-(2-噻吩基)苯乙酸及其衍生物的分离和纯化方法。并对这些化合物的结构用元素分析I、R1、H NMR进行了确证。并对其潜在的应用价值进行了探讨。

2-甲基-7-哌啶乙氧基-4′-羟基异黄酮合成工艺的改进

目的对2-甲基-7-羟基-4′-甲氧基异黄酮的合成工艺进行改进。方法以对羟基苯乙酸为原料,经甲基化、F-C酰化、环化、水解得2-甲基-7-羟基-4′-甲氧基异黄酮,再与乙氧基哌啶醚化,最后用氢碘酸在120℃反应3 h,脱去4′-位甲基得目标物。结果与结论改进后的方法与文献方法比较具有反应条件温和,后处理方便,收率高等优点。

4-(2-羧基苄氧基)苯乙酸的合成工艺改进

对羟基苯乙酸二钠盐与苯酞在N,N-二甲基乙酰胺中完成开环反应,合成了抗过敏药盐酸奥洛他定的重要中间体——4-(2-羧基苄氧基)苯乙酸,其结构经1H NMR确证,收率78%,纯度99%(HPLC)。

Synthesis, Structure and Photoluminescence of a New Cd(Ⅱ) Coordination Polymer Based on 4-(Carboxymethoxy)-benzoic Acid and 1,10-Phenanthroline Derivative

A new ID coordination polymer, [Cda（L1）2（L2）2].H2O （1, H2L1 = 4-（carboxy- methoxy）benzoic acid and L2 = 2-（4-fluorophenyl）-I H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline）, has been hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. It crystallizes in triclinic, space group P1 with a = 9.985（5）, b = 10.768（5）, c = 12.512（5） A, a = 68.959（5）, β = 80.354（5）, γ = 79.663（5）°, V= 1227.4（10） A3, Z = 1, C56H36Cd2F2N8O11, Mr = 1259.73, Dc = 1.704 g/cm3, F（000） = 630, μ（MoKa） = 0.949 mm-1, R = 0.0261 and wR = 0.0655. The L1 anions link the neighboring Cd（II） atoms to form a 1D double chain structure. The L2 ligands are alternately located on both sides of the double chains. More interestingly, the lateral L2 ligands from adjacent double chains are paired to furnish strong π-π interactions, yielding a 2D supramolecular layer. N-H...O, O-H...N and O-H...O hydrogen bonds further stabilize the structure of 1. The luminescent property of 1 was studied in solid state at room temperature.

A Study on Side Reactions of Hydroxyethylation of 3-Nitro-4- chlorobenzenesulfinic Acid with Ethylene Oxide

The reaction of 3-nitro-4-chlorobenzenesulfinic acid and ethylene oxide to obtain 2-nitro-4-（β-hydroxyethylsulfonyl）chlorobenzene had been studied. Except hydroxyethylation on the sulfur atom of 3-nitro-4-chlorobenzenesulfinic acid to form the target product, 2-nitro-4-（β- hydroxyethylsulfonyl）chlorobenzene, there presented three kinds of side reactions： 1. Condensation and elimination of HCI to form biphenyl sulfone derivatives; 2. Addition to give bisulfonyl ethane derivative via vinyl sulfone; and 3. Hydroxylethylation on O-atom to produce hydroxylethylsulfinate due to the tautomerism of sulfinic acid.