4 November 2013,Shenzhen,China-ZTE Corporation,a publicly-listed global provider of telecommunications equip ment,network solutions and mobile devices,and BASE Company,the Belgian subsidiary of Dutch mobile operator K...4 November 2013,Shenzhen,China-ZTE Corporation,a publicly-listed global provider of telecommunications equip ment,network solutions and mobile devices,and BASE Company,the Belgian subsidiary of Dutch mobile operator KPN,have launched BASE Company＇s 4G services in Belgium.展开更多
With the arrival of the 4G and 5G,the telecommunications networks have experienced a large expansion of these networks.That enabled the integration of many services and adequate flow,thus enabling the operators to res...With the arrival of the 4G and 5G,the telecommunications networks have experienced a large expansion of these networks.That enabled the integration of many services and adequate flow,thus enabling the operators to respond to the growing demand of users.This rapid evolution has given the operators to adapt,their methods to the new technologies that increase.This complexity becomes more important,when these networks include several technologies to access different from the heterogeneous network like in the 4G network.The dimensional new challenges tell the application and the considerable increase in demand for services and the compatibility with existing networks,the management of mobility intercellular of users and it offers a better quality of services.Thus,the proposed solution to meet these new requirements is the sizing of the EPC(Evolved Packet Core)core network to support the 5G access network.For the case of Orange Guinea,this involves setting up an architecture for interconnecting the core networks of Sonfonia and Camayenne.The objectives of our work are of two orders:(1)to propose these solutions and recommendations for the heart network EPC sizing and the deployment to be adopted;(2)supply and architectural interconnection in the heart network EPC and an existing heart network.In our work,the model of traffic in communication that we use to calculate the traffic generated with each technology has link in the network of the heart.展开更多
Current LTE networks are experiencing significant growth in the number of users worldwide. The use of data services for online browsing, e-learning, online meetings and initiatives such as smart cities means that subs...Current LTE networks are experiencing significant growth in the number of users worldwide. The use of data services for online browsing, e-learning, online meetings and initiatives such as smart cities means that subscribers stay connected for long periods, thereby saturating a number of signalling resources. One of such resources is the Radio Resource Connected (RRC) parameter, which is allocated to eNodeBs with the aim of limiting the number of connected simultaneously in the network. The fixed allocation of this parameter means that, depending on the traffic at different times of the day and the geographical position, some eNodeBs are saturated with RRC resources (overused) while others have unused RRC resources. However, as these resources are limited, there is the problem of their underutilization (non-optimal utilization of resources at the eNodeB level) due to static allocation (manual configuration of resources). The objective of this paper is to design an efficient machine learning model that will take as input some key performance indices (KPIs) like traffic data, RRC, simultaneous users, etc., for each eNodeB per hour and per day and accurately predict the number of needed RRC resources that will be dynamically allocated to them in order to avoid traffic and financial losses to the mobile network operator. To reach this target, three machine learning algorithms have been studied namely: linear regression, convolutional neural networks and long short-term memory (LSTM) to train three models and evaluate them. The model trained with the LSTM algorithm gave the best performance with 97% accuracy and was therefore implemented in the proposed solution for RRC resource allocation. An interconnection architecture is also proposed to embed the proposed solution into the Operation and maintenance network of a mobile network operator. In this way, the proposed solution can contribute to developing and expanding the concept of Self Organizing Network (SON) used in 4G and 5G networks.展开更多
Mobile cellular data networks have allowed users to access the Internet whilst on the move. Many companies use this technology in their products. Examples of this would be Smart Meters in the home and Tesla cars havin...Mobile cellular data networks have allowed users to access the Internet whilst on the move. Many companies use this technology in their products. Examples of this would be Smart Meters in the home and Tesla cars having their “over the air updates”. Both of these two companies use the 4G and 5G technology. So this report will include a technical overview of the technology and protocols (LTE Advanced) used in 4G and 5G networks and how they provide services to the user and how data is transferred within the networks. And there are lots of different parts about the network architecture between the 4G and 5G systems. This report will talk about some different parts between these two systems and some challenges in them.展开更多
The FuTURE 4G Time Division Duplex (TDD) trial system uses 3.5 GHz carrier frequency and several crucial technologies including broadband Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) and Orthogonal Frequency Division Multipl...The FuTURE 4G Time Division Duplex (TDD) trial system uses 3.5 GHz carrier frequency and several crucial technologies including broadband Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) and Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM). These technologies challenge the link budget and networking analysis of the FuTURE 4G TDD trial network. This paper analyzes the practical 3.5 GHz propagation model and the link budget of Radio Frequency (RF) parameters of the trial system. Moreover,it introduces networking analysis and network planning of the trial system,which combines the field test results of the MIMO system. The FuTURE 4G TDD trial system and its trial network have been accomplished with successful checkup. The trial system fulfills all the requirements with two Access Points (AP) and three Mobile Terminals (MT),which supports multi-user,mobility,a high peak rate of 100 Mb/s,High-Definition TV (HDTV),high-speed data download,and Voice over IP (VoIP) services.展开更多
由于受到客观条件限制,偏远岛屿和山区无法通过光通信、微波等传统传输方式部署4G无线网络,严重影响了偏远乡村无线通信的发展。文章对不同轨道类型卫星特点、甚小孔径终端(Very Small Aperture Terminal,VSAT)卫星通信技术以及4G无线...由于受到客观条件限制,偏远岛屿和山区无法通过光通信、微波等传统传输方式部署4G无线网络,严重影响了偏远乡村无线通信的发展。文章对不同轨道类型卫星特点、甚小孔径终端(Very Small Aperture Terminal,VSAT)卫星通信技术以及4G无线网络与VSAT卫星系统进行适配研究,针对卫星系统传输带宽小、时延大等技术瓶颈,通过卫星轨道和频段选择、无线基站带宽控制、卫星系统服务质量(Quality of Service,QoS)部署、卫星系统带宽共享等方式,开发了一套基于VSAT卫星通信技术的4G无线网络部署的方案。文章研究方案成功地在偏远岛屿和山区进行规模化部署。展开更多
文摘4 November 2013,Shenzhen,China-ZTE Corporation,a publicly-listed global provider of telecommunications equip ment,network solutions and mobile devices,and BASE Company,the Belgian subsidiary of Dutch mobile operator KPN,have launched BASE Company＇s 4G services in Belgium.
文摘With the arrival of the 4G and 5G,the telecommunications networks have experienced a large expansion of these networks.That enabled the integration of many services and adequate flow,thus enabling the operators to respond to the growing demand of users.This rapid evolution has given the operators to adapt,their methods to the new technologies that increase.This complexity becomes more important,when these networks include several technologies to access different from the heterogeneous network like in the 4G network.The dimensional new challenges tell the application and the considerable increase in demand for services and the compatibility with existing networks,the management of mobility intercellular of users and it offers a better quality of services.Thus,the proposed solution to meet these new requirements is the sizing of the EPC(Evolved Packet Core)core network to support the 5G access network.For the case of Orange Guinea,this involves setting up an architecture for interconnecting the core networks of Sonfonia and Camayenne.The objectives of our work are of two orders:(1)to propose these solutions and recommendations for the heart network EPC sizing and the deployment to be adopted;(2)supply and architectural interconnection in the heart network EPC and an existing heart network.In our work,the model of traffic in communication that we use to calculate the traffic generated with each technology has link in the network of the heart.
文摘Current LTE networks are experiencing significant growth in the number of users worldwide. The use of data services for online browsing, e-learning, online meetings and initiatives such as smart cities means that subscribers stay connected for long periods, thereby saturating a number of signalling resources. One of such resources is the Radio Resource Connected (RRC) parameter, which is allocated to eNodeBs with the aim of limiting the number of connected simultaneously in the network. The fixed allocation of this parameter means that, depending on the traffic at different times of the day and the geographical position, some eNodeBs are saturated with RRC resources (overused) while others have unused RRC resources. However, as these resources are limited, there is the problem of their underutilization (non-optimal utilization of resources at the eNodeB level) due to static allocation (manual configuration of resources). The objective of this paper is to design an efficient machine learning model that will take as input some key performance indices (KPIs) like traffic data, RRC, simultaneous users, etc., for each eNodeB per hour and per day and accurately predict the number of needed RRC resources that will be dynamically allocated to them in order to avoid traffic and financial losses to the mobile network operator. To reach this target, three machine learning algorithms have been studied namely: linear regression, convolutional neural networks and long short-term memory (LSTM) to train three models and evaluate them. The model trained with the LSTM algorithm gave the best performance with 97% accuracy and was therefore implemented in the proposed solution for RRC resource allocation. An interconnection architecture is also proposed to embed the proposed solution into the Operation and maintenance network of a mobile network operator. In this way, the proposed solution can contribute to developing and expanding the concept of Self Organizing Network (SON) used in 4G and 5G networks.
文摘Mobile cellular data networks have allowed users to access the Internet whilst on the move. Many companies use this technology in their products. Examples of this would be Smart Meters in the home and Tesla cars having their “over the air updates”. Both of these two companies use the 4G and 5G technology. So this report will include a technical overview of the technology and protocols (LTE Advanced) used in 4G and 5G networks and how they provide services to the user and how data is transferred within the networks. And there are lots of different parts about the network architecture between the 4G and 5G systems. This report will talk about some different parts between these two systems and some challenges in them.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 60496312the 863 Program of China under Grants 2003AA12331004 and 2006AA01Z260.
文摘The FuTURE 4G Time Division Duplex (TDD) trial system uses 3.5 GHz carrier frequency and several crucial technologies including broadband Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) and Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM). These technologies challenge the link budget and networking analysis of the FuTURE 4G TDD trial network. This paper analyzes the practical 3.5 GHz propagation model and the link budget of Radio Frequency (RF) parameters of the trial system. Moreover,it introduces networking analysis and network planning of the trial system,which combines the field test results of the MIMO system. The FuTURE 4G TDD trial system and its trial network have been accomplished with successful checkup. The trial system fulfills all the requirements with two Access Points (AP) and three Mobile Terminals (MT),which supports multi-user,mobility,a high peak rate of 100 Mb/s,High-Definition TV (HDTV),high-speed data download,and Voice over IP (VoIP) services.
文摘由于受到客观条件限制,偏远岛屿和山区无法通过光通信、微波等传统传输方式部署4G无线网络,严重影响了偏远乡村无线通信的发展。文章对不同轨道类型卫星特点、甚小孔径终端(Very Small Aperture Terminal,VSAT)卫星通信技术以及4G无线网络与VSAT卫星系统进行适配研究,针对卫星系统传输带宽小、时延大等技术瓶颈,通过卫星轨道和频段选择、无线基站带宽控制、卫星系统服务质量(Quality of Service,QoS)部署、卫星系统带宽共享等方式,开发了一套基于VSAT卫星通信技术的4G无线网络部署的方案。文章研究方案成功地在偏远岛屿和山区进行规模化部署。
